THYROID

CONTENT

Diseases Symptoms Causes Precaution Diet

Exercise
Medicine

INTRODUCTION

The thyroid gland or simply, the thyroid, in vertebrate anatomy, is one of the largest endocrine glands. The thyroid gland is found in the neck, below (inferior to) the thyroid cartilage. The isthmus (the bridge between the two lobes of the thyroid) is located inferior to the cricoid cartilage

THYROID

 The

thyroid gland participates in these processes by producing thyroid hormones, the principal ones being triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).

These

hormones regulate the rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. T3 and T4 are
synthesize from both iodine and tyrosine.

DISEASES
Thyroid disorders include :hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism and roid nodules, which are generally benign thyroid neoplasms, but may be thyroid cancers.

thy

All these disorders may give rise to goiter, that is, an enlarged thyroid.

HYPERTHYROIDISM

Hyperthyroidism,

or overactive thyroid, is the overproduction of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, and is most commonly caused by the development of Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease in which antibodies are produced which stimulate the thyroid to secrete excessive quantities of thyroid hormones.

Symptoms

It presents with symptoms such as a thyroid goiter protruding eyes (exopthalmos), palpitations, excess sweating diarrhea weight loss muscle weakness and unusual sensitivity to heat. The appetite is often increased.

HYPOTHYROIDISM

Hypothyroidism is the underproduction of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Hypothyroid disorders may occur as a result of congenital thyroid abnormalities, autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, iodine deficiency ) or the removal of the thyroid following surgery to treat severe hyperthyroidism and/or thyroid cancer.

Symptoms Typical symptoms are abnormal weight gain, tiredness, baldness, cold intolerance.

How to tackle Thyroid Problem?

Excessive

exposure to radiation of any kind should be avoided. Take balanced quantity of iodine in your diet. Avoid consuming too much soy. Consult to your doctor on regular basis. Say no to distilled water, it can filch essential minerals from your body.

DIET FOR THYROID PATIENTS

Goitrogens are naturally-occurring substances in food that can interfere with the functioning of the thyroid gland. There are two general categories of foods that have been associated with disrupted thyroid hormone production in humans: soybean-related foods and cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, turnips, mustard etc.

Other foods not included in these categories -- such as peaches, strawberries, peach, peanuts, radish, tofu, spinach and millet -- also contain goitrogens. Patients with hypothyroidism should avoid the intake of iodine containing foods such as red food dyes, iodine in multivitamins and metabolic boosters, dairy products, shellfish, and processed foods that can block iodine absorption.

EXERCISE FOR PATIENTS

Regular exercise is very important. Early diagnosis and subsequent weight loss programmes are also important for overweight hypothyroid patients.

MEDICINE FOR HYPOTHYRIODISM

Levothyroxine is a synthetic (man-made) version of the principle thyroid hormone, thyroxine (T4) that is made and released by the thyroid gland.

GENERIC

NAME: levothyroxine sodium BRAND NAME: Synthroid, Levoxyl, Levothroid, Unithroid

MEDICINE FOR HYPERTHYRIODISM

Brand Name: Tapazole Generic Name: methimazole

Thank you