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Introduction
1. INTRODUCTION 2. HYDRO POWER PLANTS 3. TURBINES 4. HYDRO POWER IN CHINA 5. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 6. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Water resource
The marshes that there are to construct suppose an important impact. In the environment, marshes also have positive impact
Arch Dams
Water Forces
Weight Forces
Gravity Dams
Water forces Weight Forces
Arch-Gravity dams
Turbines
PELTON TURBINES
The injector throws the high speed water to the blades that are glued to the bun.
The water spurt transmits its kinetic energy to the bun, where it is transformed instantaneously into mechanical energy.
PELTONS BLADES
The edge that divides each bucket in two symmetrical parts cuts the water spurt, sectioning it in two laminae of fluid, theoretically of identical volume. This disposition allows resisting mutually the axial pushes that are originated in the bun.
PELTON BUN
KAPLAN TURBINES
The turbines that take his name have revolutionized in these years the use of jumps of little height.
The Kaplan turbines are water reaction turbines of axial flow, with a bun that works in similar way to the helix of a boat. The Kaplan turbine is a helix turbine in which the blades of the bun turn itself when it is on, adjusting automatically according the work to the conditions of optimal yield.
KAPLAN TURBINE
DERIAZ TURBINES
Deriaz invented later the turbine that takes his name This turbine is reversible The price of the machinery is reduced using the same machine like pump and turbine.
Working like turbine, better yield than a Francis turbine with analogous bun of stator blades Working like pump, better yield than a turbine-pump of stator blades
FRANCIS TURBINES
The Francis turbine is one of the reaction turbines The radial flow causes the turn of the runner This turbine is reversible Francis turbines may be designed for a wide range of heads and flows
FRANCIS TURBINE
2 < H < 40 (H = head in meters) 10 < H < 350 50 < H < 1300
Hydropower in China
There are 230 hydropower station that producing electricity over 50,000KW,including 25 over 1,000,000KW and 40 over 500,000KW
The total gross of water in China is 2.81 hundred millions stere. It is the sixth place in the world now.
Sanxia
Location: Sichuan province Sanxia is the largest project in the world. It is in the upriver of Changjiang river which form the rundle electrical station with Gezhouba electrical station in the downriver, however, there are lot of problems of emigration and environment have been broke out since this project produced It start in 1994 years and will finished in 2009.
Liujiaxia
Liujiaxia Location: Gansu province used from 1974 Configuration: 4 X 225 MW, 1 X 300 MW Francis
Hydropower
The dams effects Flooding of vast areas of land Dams can facilitate the development of diseases Cumuli silt Destructive failure
Cumuli silt
Reducing the amount of water which can be stored and used for electrical generation
Destructive failure
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