The Heart

Pulmonary artery A Vena cava D E G H F C Pulmonary vein B Aorta

Right Atrium Tricuspid valve

Left Atrium

Bicuspid valve

Right Ventricle

Left Ventricle

Function of heart? to pump blood to all parts of body

How does the Heart work? STEP ONE

blood from the body

blood from the lungs

- The heart beat begins when the

atria muscles relax and blood flows into the atria.

-Deoxygenated blood (from whole body)

enter the right atrium via vena cava

- oxygenated blood (from the lung) enter

the left atria via pulmonary vein.

How does the Heart work? STEP TWO

- The atria then contract and the valves open to allow blood into the ventricles. - Blood in RA go through tricuspid valve to enter RV - Blood in LA go through bicuspid valve to enter LV.

How does the Heart work? STEP THREE

- When the ventricles contract, the tricuspid and bicuspid valve will close and semilunar valves is forced to open.
At the same time, blood is pushed into pulmonary artery and aorta. At the same time, the atria are relaxing and once again filling with blood.

What happen when the ventricles relax?

The cycle then repeats itself.

There are 3 types of blood vessels

a. ARTERY b. VEIN

c.

CAPILLARY

Arteries
lumen

Veins

Elastic fibre Wall (thick, muscular and elastic)

Wall (thin, less muscular and less elastic)

Wall (one cell thick)

Capillaries

The ARTERY
Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Arteri membawa darah dari jantung

the elastic fibres allow the artery to stretch under pressure

Elastic fibre

Blood pressure is high Bring oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery

Carries blood from heart to tissues (organ)

The VEIN
Veins carry blood towards the heart. Membawa darah kepada jantung

veins have valves which act to stop the blood from going in the wrong direction.

Blood pressure is very low

Carries blood from tissues (organ) to the heart

Bring deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein

The CAPILLARY
Capillaries link Arteries with Veins Menghubungkan arteri dan vena
cell endothelium (one cell thick)

Enable the diffusion of gases, nutrients, hormones, waste product between blood and tissue

lumen

the wall of a capillary is only one cell thick

The exchange of materials between the blood and the body can only occur through capillaries. Blood content is mixed

The CAPILLARY
A collection of capillaries is known as a capillary bed.
artery vein

capillaries body cell

PATH OF BLOOD FLOW IN THE BLOOD CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

pulmonary vein pulmonary artery

lungs
head & arms aorta

main vein

Right

Left

liver
digestive system

kidneys
legs

Circulatory System

Lungs

the right side of the system deals with deoxygenated blood.

the left side of the

system
deals with oxygenated blood.

Body cells