NANOSATELLITES

NCAEWCT-2012
Divisha Singh Nivedita Singh Priyanka Rani Vandana Chauhan 4th yr E&C

INTRODUCTION
A satellite is basically any object that revolves around a planet in a circular or elliptical path. The path a satellite follows is an orbit. In the orbit, the farthest point from Earth is the apogee, and the nearest point is the perigee. Orbits are been classified into three namely: Geostationary orbit Asynchronous orbit Polar orbit

Classification

NANO SATELLITE
The term "nanosatellite" or "nanosat" is usually applied to an artificial satellite with a wet mass between 1 and 10 kg. It refers the precise engineering of materials on atomic and molecular scales. It uses MEMS(Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) technology. Primary application is a system wide implementation of laser communication.

CONVENTIONAL Vs NANO SATELLITE

CONVENTIONAL Large Cost of fortune Weight NANO SATELLITES Much more compact Weight less than 10kg Cheaper & Faster Simple to manufacture

COMMUNICATION
A typical satellite communication system

ANTENNA

ANTENNA

RECEIVER

TRANSMITTER

RS-232 serial port

FLIGHT CONTROLLER 400mA 12V

SUBSYSTEM
It is divided mainly into two: PAY LOAD It is everything a satellite needs to perform its specific mission Bus

SCIENTIFIC INTRUMENTS
The scientific instruments include the various equipments on the satellite for observations study and measurements and for certain measurements. Some of them are: Electric Field Vector Sensor (EFVS) Magnetometers Langmuir probe Antennas

FUNCTIONS
Orbit insertion Satellite Attitude, stability and orbit adjust during transfer orbit Reorientation, spin rate, orbit dispersion, east and West drift and eccentricity and inclination corrections during drift orbit and station acquisition. Orbit Maintenance The various propulsion systems used are Micro Thrusters Xenon Ion Propulsion Free Molecule Micro Resisto jet (FMMR)

MICRO THRUSTERS
New generation thrusters which are capable of generating forces between 10mN- 50mN Operation Chamber filling with solid propellant Propellant heating by Joule effect and ignition Combustiongas production and thrust force

XIPS
It stands for XENON ION PROPULSION SYSTEM. The electrostatic ion thruster is a kind of design for ion thrusters. Design use high voltage electrodes in order to accelerate ions with electrostatic forces.

Indias First IITK NanoSatellite

Satellite Main Features

Satellite : 5 Kg Satellite Dimensions : 10 cm x 10cm x 30cm Orbit: Circular Polar Orbit with inclination Altitude: 600Km-700Km Satellite structure: Aluminium alloy housing On-Board Computer : TS 7260 board with ARM 9 processor Operating System: Salvo Pro Attitude Sensing: 3-axis magnetometer, 2-axis sun sensor Attitude control: Magnetorquer Thermal Control: Passive, radiators on 2 faces Power: Body Mounted Solar cells generating an average power of around 5W. Li-ion cells to give power to satellite during eclipse Communication : UHF-436.7 MHz, VHF-145.99 MHz Ground Station: Setup at IIT Kanpur UHF/VHF communication link, 2axis tracking antenna Payload: Micro GPS receiver MEMS IMU Imaging Indias First IITK NanoSatellite

ADVANTAGES
Reduced overall mass (cheaper launch) Increased efficiency Adaptability Robust to space environment

USES
various academic and commercial purposes Sensor array and on screen video telemetry Remote sensing.

CONCLUSION

Faster, Better, Cheaper and Smaller

THANK YOU