IEEE 802.

6 (MAN)
Random Access Scheme
packet collision => waste resources retry backoff => bus idle

Distributed Control/Queuing (of messages)

It forms a single and distributed queue which controls the access of packets to the subnet in essentially the same order as they were generated Under light load, it behaves as CSMA/CD Under heavy load, it behaves as token passing Different levels of priority

Controlled Access Scheme

slow access at light load overhead of token traveling.

A DQDB MAN

... Node Node ...

Node

Node ...

Node

Node ...

Bus A
Frame Generators

Bus B

Network Configuration
Two buses with unidirectional structure. All communications on the subnet are synchronous and access is in fixed length packets that repeat continually. It is the function of the controllers at the bus ends to generate all timing signals to ensure synchronization.

AQ = = 0

AQ = 0 RC = 0

IDLE

AQ = = 0

AQ = 0 RC = = 0 CD = 0
COUNT DOWN STAND-BY

AQ = 0 RC = = 0
ACCESS

State transmission diagram for packet access

CD := RC RC := 0

AQ = 0 RC = 0 Packet not avail

WAIT

Packet avail

CD == 0

Packet avail Packet not avail

The Distributed Queue Dual Bus Protocol (DQDB)

The operation of the access protocol is identical and independent for each bus. Consider Si accessing bus A:
state transition diagram IDLE state: no packet to transmit keep track of the request bit received on Bus B

Request Counter (RC) is incremented for each request bit received (REQ bit has been set), indicating the number of packet queued up for transmission on Bus A downstream from Si. RC is decremented for each empty packet that passes Si on bus A.

 COUNTDOWN state: when Si has packet for transmission and (AQ 0 and RC 0) [AQ = # of packets queues for transmission]
RC is transferred CD counter and RC is cleared. CD counter is decremented by one for each empty packet that passes on bus A. RC is incremented for each received request bit that has been set. Initiate the transmission of the REQ bit to reserve a free packet (on Bus B).

 WAIT and ACCESS state: when CD counter reaches zero

Wait for next free packet on bus A in order to transmit queued packet. Set the busy bit, if available, and transmit the packet. AQ--; if (AQ == 0) then goto IDLE state else if (RC == 0) then goto STANDBY state else goto COUNTDOWN state

 STANDBY state: when a new packet moves into the first queue position and RC ==0
Attempt access in the next packet. If it is free, then transmit in the packet without sending REQ bit else initiate the sending of a REQ bit and go into WAIT state.

Priority Controlled Distributed Queueing

Achieved by operating separate distributed queues for each level of priority. For each N-level priority system, N separate REQ bits, RC, CD counters. When REQi is received, each of the RC of priority i or lower will be incremented. Each of those RC is decremented for each empty packet, that passes on bus A. The I-level COUNTDOWN state will not be entered until all higher priority buffered packets have been transmitted. Once in the I-level COUNTDOWN state, the function is as before.