Generation WCDMA / UMTS

rd 3

Evolution : From 2G to 3G

Source : Northstream, Operator Options for 3G Evolution, Feb 2003.

3G Architecture
Uu Iu

Node B RNC USIM

Cu

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks CN

Node B
Iub Iur

HLR

ME

Node B RNC Node B

UE UTRAN

SGSN

GGSN

3G Nodes
RNC ,node B,3 G MSC,3G-SGSN Radio network controller (RNC) Node B Radio network system (Nodeb + RNC)

3G Interfaces
Uu-UE to Node B interface Iub-Node B to RNC interface IUcs-RNC to MSC inferface IUps-RNC SGSN inferface Iu-r - RNC to RNC interface

Connectivity
Nodeb to RNC there are 2 options for connecting E1 E1,FE

WCDMA Air Interface

Broadcast Channel (BCH) Forward Access Channel (FACH) Paging Channel (PCH) Random Access Channel (RACH) Dedicated Channel (DCH)

UE

UTRAN

CN

Mapping of Transport Channels and Physical Channels

Primary Common Control Physical Channel (PCCPCH) Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (SCCPCH)

Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH) Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH)

Downlink Shared Channel (DSCH) Common Packet Channel (CPCH)

Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH) Synchronization Channel (SCH)

Common Pilot Channel (CPICH)

Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH)

Highly Differentiated Types of Channels enable best combination of Interference Reduction, QoS and Energy Efficiency,

Paging Indication Channel (PICH) CPCH Status Indication Channel (CSICH) Collision Detection/Channel Assignment Indicator Channel (CD/CA-ICH)

UTRAN
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network, Overview Two Distinct Elements :

UE

UTRAN

CN

Base Stations (Node B) Radio Network Controllers (RNC)

1 RNC and 1+ Node Bs are group together to form a Radio Network Sub-system (RNS) Node B RNC Node B
RNS Iub Iur

Handles all Radio-Related Functionality

Soft Handover Radio Resources Management Algorithms

Node B RNC Node B

RNS

UTRAN 8

Core Network
Uu Iu

UE

UTRAN

CN

Node B RNC USIM

Cu

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks CN

Node B
Iub Iur

HLR

ME

Node B RNC Node B

UE UTRAN

SGSN

GGSN

Core Network
Core Network, Overview
Changes From Release 99 to Release 5 A Seamless Transition from GSM to All-IP 3G Core Network Responsible for Switching and Routing Calls and Data Connections within, and to the External Networks (e.g. PSTN, ISDN and Internet) Divided into CS Network and PS Network
Iu

UE

UTRAN

CN

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks CN

HLR

SGSN

GGSN

10

Core Network
Core Network, Release 99
CS Domain :
Mobile Switching Centre (MSC)
Switching CS transactions
Iu-cs

UE

UTRAN

CN

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks

Visitor Location Register (VLR)

Holds a copy of the visiting users service profile, and the precise info of the UEs location

HLR

Gateway MSC (GMSC)

The switch that connects to external networks

Iu-ps

SGSN

GGSN

Register : PS Domain :
Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
Similar function as MSC/VLR

Home Location Register (HLR)

Stores master copies of users service profiles Stores UE location on the level of MSC/VLR/SGSN
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Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)

Similar function as GMSC

Core Network
Core Network, R5
1st Phase of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
Enable standardized approach for IP based service provision Media Resource Function (MRF) Call Session Control Function (CSCF) Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)
Iu-cs

UE

UTRAN

CN

Services & Applications

HSS

MSC MGW SGSN MRF

GMSC MGW GGSN CSCF

Services & Applications

Iu-cs

Iu-ps

External Networks

CS Domain :
MSC and GMSC
Control Function, can control multiple MGW, hence scalable

MGCF

MSG
Replaces MSC for the actual switching and routing

IMS Function

PS Domain :
Very similar to R99 with some
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Release versions
Rel 99-GSM/GPRS Rel 4 - CS domain,NGN Rel 5 -HSDPA,VOIP Rel 6 HSUPA,MBMS Rel 7 -HSPA(UL-11Mbps,DL=28 Mbps) Rel 8 -LTE (UL=100 Mbps DL=50 Mbps)
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Features
Video call High speed internet Mobile TV Traffic monitoring Video conference

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Summary
WCDMA Air Interface : Spread Spectrum, Transport Channels UTRAN : Roles of RNCs and Node Bs Core Network : Roles of Different Components of R99 and R5
Uu Iu

Node B RNC USIM

Cu

MSC/ VLR

GMSC
External Networks CN

Node B
Iub Iur

HLR

ME

Node B

RNC
Node B
UE UTRAN

SGSN

GGSN

15