Tambon Administrative Organization (TAO), Local Self Government for Managing Rural Management

Presented by : Group No. 2 C. Anand Arpana Kumari Pallavi Rani Shubham Mehta Jaya Sharma Rohit Kumar Sharma Akramul Hoque Mrityunjay Rai Rajan Kumar

Location & Background

Muang Saraburi District

Nong Yao Tambon Administrative Organization

Thailand

Saraburi Province

Muang Saraburi District is subdivided into 9 sub-districts (tambon) and 2 sub-district municipalities (or TAO municipalities), which are covering a total of 77 villages (muban). The Saraburi town (thesaban muang) covers the whole area of tambon Pak Phriao. The Phok Phaek township (thesaban tambon or TAO municipality) covers some part of tambon Nong No. Recently, Kut Nok Plao and Takut TAOs have been upgraded to TAO municipalities.

NONG YAO TAMBON ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION (TAO)

General Information: Nong Yao TAO is the medium size of local administrative organization and was established in 1994. The total area of Nong Yao TAO is approximately 33,145 square kilometers (around 20,715 Rai). It is located in the south of Muang Saraburi district and is far away from Muang Saraburi district about 2 kilometers. .Topography: Most area of Nong Yao TAO is flat with a little bit slope from the east to the west side. There are three small mountains covering village 1, 9, and 10 respectively.

Administrative Area and Population Classified by Village and Gender, as of January 2011
Nong Yao TAO consists of 10 villages with a total population and households around 7,582 persons (male = 3,743 and female = 3,839) and 2,676 households, respectively (Table 1.2). The density of population in average is 230 persons/square kilometers.
Village Name Village No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ban Khok Sa-aad Ban Nong Yao Tai Ban Nong Kurng Chang Ban Tha Dok Kaew Ban Ma Kam Yong Ban Phue Ban Pa Pai Ban Nong Jak Ban Nong Yao Sung Ban Poo Total No. of Households 860 475 120 101 64 45 98 118 317 478 2,676 Males 1,107 656 235 180 118 102 181 218 359 587 3,743 Population Females 1,173 573 245 205 120 102 205 235 339 642 3,839 Total Population 2,280 1,229 480 385 238 204 386 453 698 1,229 7,582

VISION: Being in high spirits community, transparency in administration and following the philosophy of sufficiency economy lifestyle by assessing the needs of the people.

OBJECTIVES: To administer all tasks of local community by applying the philosophy of sufficiency economy approach and also to promote democracy through local governance. To set up good integration of team work of local government officials in order to serve the needs and to solve the problems of local people effectively and efficiently

Conti---- To work in accordance with the concept of Good Governance Practice

To enhance and promote peoples participation through participatory process at all levels (e.g. local people, chief of village headmen, village headmen, participatory process at sub-district level, the village committee) for involving in local management participation

Overall Organizational Structure of TAO

 In addition, Nong Yao TAO has set up the Committee of Peoples Participation through Participatory Process in order to promote and encourage local people to participate more in local community plan. The structure of such a committee is mainly comprised of 10 presidents of peoples participation through participatory process who are representatives of each village in the TAO. Furthermore, the TAO has established the Committee of Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) for providing good health care services to local people in a timely manner by working along with the Public Health and Environmental Division of the TAO and Nong Yao Tambon Health Promoting Hospital. The VHVs committee consists of 10 presidents of VHVs who are representatives of each village. Also, there is the President of Cultural Council in the TAO to promote and conserve local culture with appropriate activities.

DIVISION IN TAO AND THEIR RESPONSIBLITY

TAOs Administrative Office

Treasury Division

General Administration Local Plan and Policy Law Prevention and Providing Public Relief Services. Tourism Promotion TAO Councils Tasks Local Committees Tasks

Financial Tasks Accounting Revenue Collection and Development .

TOTAL 7 STAFFS.
Welfare and Community Development Plan

Agricultural Promotion
TOTAL 22 STAFFS.

PUBLIC WORK DIVISION Construction Layout and Control Building Public Infrastructure

EDUCATION, RELIGIOUS, AND CULTURAL DIVISION Social Welfare Occupational Promotion and Development for Women Groups Environmental Sanitation Health Promotion and Public Health

Town Plan . Maintenance Work.

Educational Administration Academic knowledge and education plan.

Kindergarten and primary school education. Basic education. Promotion of Education, Religious, and Cultural Sub-division that is responsible . .

Conserving of good local custom, religion, arts, and culture, Development of children and youths activities.

To set up local community plan To provide and keep maintenance of public infrastructure to local community To promote various sorts of occupational training groups for local people to create employment in local community

To promote local tourism To provide educational program/course and social welfare services to improve quality of life of children, women, senior citizens, and vulnerable groups.

To provide and keep maintenance of recreational areas within local community To promote democracy, equity, rights and freedom of local people To enhance and promote peoples participation through participatory process in setting up local development plan and other tasks of local community

To keep clean and tidy surroundings area as well as to protect peace and order of local community.

STRATEGIES OF TAO FOR DEVELOPMENT

Summary Account of Development Project A Three-year Development Plan Nong Yao Tambon Administrative Organization

1. 2.

Education To provide free lunch and school milk as well as scholarships for students To improve children development center for increasing better study environment To promote and preserve Thai culture via students . Social Welfare To improve and renovate Nong Yao Tambon Health Promoting Hospital To provide sufficient medical supplies to serve local people To disseminate knowledge about the rights of consumer protection to people.

3. Public Health To provide monthly salary support (with the same rate at 500 Baht/Month) to senior citizens, people with disabilities (PWD), and AIDS patients Elderly, PWDs, and AIDS patients will have better quality of life

4. Infrastructure To provide sufficient public facilities e.g. road, electricity, village water supply, communication system, village tower broadcasting, sports playground etc Construction various types of public utilities e.g. roads throughout all 10 villages/ water tubes/ sports playgrounds, exercise club, meeting halls, community learning center, village tower and TAOs broadcasting, public light street, and public telephone, etc. Construction various types of public utilities e.g. roads throughout all 10 villages/ water tubes/ sports playgrounds, exercise club, meeting halls, community learning center, village tower and TAOs broadcasting, public light street, and public telephone, etc.

5. Strengthening Community To provide peace and order of local community To rehabilitate drug addicted patients Crime prevention for protecting security of life and assets of local people.

6. Community Occupations
To reduce unemployment rate in community by creating new occupational groups

To enhance production skills and expand marketing channel

To increase supplementary income for local people

7. Water Supply To provide water pumping for farmers.

8. New Theory Approach To provide good breeding of crops and animals for farmers. To promote good breeding of paddy rice for farmers. To support electricity expense for farming during off-season

9. Agriculture Technology Transfer Center To provide fertilizer fund for supporting farmers. To set up agriculture technology transfer center. To promote people/farmers to apply the philosophy of sufficiently economy approach (such as new theory approach) for agricultural purposes.

Development for administrative management of environmental and natural resources

To raise awareness of local people to conserve environment and natural resources especially in water

To encourage local people to plant trees on some important holidays

To encourage people to protect clean surrounding areas of community Preservation of religion, arts, culture, custom, and indigenous knowledge

To preserve and promote local culture and custom To raise awareness of local people to concern more on elderly group as well as on the value of local culture and custom. To promote and raise awareness of good moral ethics for local people To promote and disseminate information of religious holidays and information about local wisdom (or indigenous knowledge) of sub-district.

Development of local organization and local government officials in according to good management practices
To raise awareness of election process and to provide good moral ethics for local officials. To provide tax payment knowledge for local people and to increase effectiveness of tax revenue collection To develop quality of services for local people by enhancing good relationship between TAO and local people To develop ICT system for supporting TAOs tasks and dissemination of information to people

Tourism development
To promote tourist attractions in Nong Yao TAO as famous/major spots of tourism in Saraburi province. To make impression of tourists who have opportunities to visit. All roads and areas along with the roads in Nong Yao TAO to be improved for supporting tourism development.

Development of democratic system and civil society process To provide political knowledge at all levels (both local and national level) to local people To encourage people to use their rights of election vote and to involve in political process

To develop service system for dissemination of villages information

throughout all 10 villages, thus, people could access to updated information within a timely manner.

To develop and promote civil society process via means of peoples

participation.

Strengths 1. Nong Yao community is located nearby urban area and most local people has good knowledge, therefore, they could understand local management policy and find market for selling their production easily

Weaknesses 1. Insufficient of infrastructure support because increasing number of population who moved from other areas to settle down at Nong Yao sub-district

2. Convenience for performing good 2. Lack of awareness of some local staffs to administrative management and solving local attend problems within a timely manner due to trainings for developing their potential adequate number of local staffs 3. Sufficient local staff, modern equipment and office building which leading to work effectively 4. Convenience of communication network because Nong Yao TAO is located close to Muang Saraburi district. 3. Local staffs still lack of skill and knowledge expertise on their work

4. TAO lacks of adequate budget to promote tourist spots within sub-district

Opportunities
1. A wide range of marketing channel and also easily access to input sources and raw material

Threats
1. Obstacles of city planning and Infrastructure development Because there are limited areas of TAO and some areas are occupied by government office and other state-owned offices. 2. Limitations of natural resources development due to less awareness of local People 3. Insufficient of local staffs which leading to delay of work and budget

2. Potential for developing local community to be Eco-tourism Attraction due to abundant of natural resources 3. To enhance and develop knowledge skill as well as moral ethics to local staffs for increasing the effectiveness of their work performance 4. To develop tourist sightseeing to be wellknown among tourists.

4. Lack of budget

Primary Stakeholders

Secondary Stakeholders

Villagers

Internal
Elected members TAO council members TAO executives TAO Public Health Centre Schools & temples Committee of Village health volunteers Committee of peoples participation

External
Community development district Office Provincial skill dev. Centre Provincial Social dev. & Human security office PAO Agriculture district office Social dev. & Human Security centre

Sources of Revenue for TAO

Taxes collected by local government this includes two types taxes and nontaxes, for e.g housing tax, land tax, signboard tax and slaughtering tax. Non tax composes of fees, licenses, fines and revenues from properties, public utilities and local government enterprises. Additions on central government taxes. By legislation local governments are entitled to collect an additional percentage on top of those tax categories collected by the central government. Two main categories of these taxes include VAT, specific business tax, liquor tax, excise and gambling taxes. Special revenues consists of grants, loans and subsidies from central government.

Financials of Fiscal year 2010 ( 1st oct, 2009- 30th sep, 2010)
Sources of Revenues

Taxes

16% 17%

6%

Shared Taxes Fees and Fines

59% 1% 1%

Miscelleneous Uncondiitonal grant Conditional Grant

Expenditure

13%
Central Budget Salary Wage Temporary wage

11%

2% 6% 2% 17%

22%
13% 2% 12%
honorarium general expenditure Equipment

public utilities

Problems
Lack of sufficient water for consumption and agricultural purposes. U-turn problems on the main road Lack of good cooperation among related organizations in dealing with irrigation problems

Comparison of Local self government between Thailand and India

Thailand 1. It is termed as Tambon Administrative Organization (TAO), consists of various Villages (Mubans). India It is termed as Village/Gram Panchayat or Gram Samiti some times. A Gram Panchayat constitute of various villages (Gram)

Similarities: Representatives in both countries are elected democratically. Power is decentralized in both cases. Responsible for rural infrastructure and utilities development in both cases. All schemes are routed through local government. Autonomy in planning and implementation Dissimilarities: TAO implements projects through participatory way effectively. Indian system completely depends on central and state fund for developmental activities. TAO encourages self sufficiency concept and entrepreneurship among the people through effective market linkages Revenue is collected at TAO Level and in India it is collected at Tehsil level People are directly involved in planning process whereas in India only the elected members are involved in planning process

Thailand Strengths: Less dependent on external support for implementing any rural development project Internal audit is done to ensure that no misuse of funds and there is no corruption Administration and Management is better in terms of execution and working There is a particular system in place and

India Strength Abundant fund available for rural development projects

Gaps More efficient and effective technology can be used for faster communication\ For undertaking projects related to environment, disaster management and agriculture TAO lacks expert human resource

Gaps Dependent on higher authority for accepting and passing the development plan Pachayats are mostly under the influence of powerful and strong sections of people and only serve their interests No monitoring and auditing at panchayat level

Lessons Learnt
Efficient planning mechanism which involves community through participatory planning process Development plans are made according to local needs Revenues are generated from tambon level which makes them less dependent on central funds on developmental activities

Conclusion
Plans formulated on the basis of need of the local people Three -year plan is good approach for holistic development

THANK YOU