Tutorial

If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

Each of the 29 children in this class can be classified as one and only one of the following: Dog only Cat only Both Dog and Cat

Neither Dog nor Cat

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

Using this classification we can construct a Venn Diagram to help us solve this problem. Dog only Cat only Both Dog and Cat Neither Dog nor Cat
Neither: Total children: Dog: Cat: Both:

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

For this problem, it is important that the sum of the number of children in each of the four classifications does not exceed 29.
Neither:

Both:

Dog:

Cat:

Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

If 20 children have a dog only and 15 children have a cat only,

then based this scenario there would be already be 35 total children in the class.
20 + 15 = 35
Dog: 20

Both: 6

Cat: 15

Therefore, at least 6 children must have both a dog and a cat.

35 29 = 6

Neither: Total children: 35

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

If six children have both a dog and a cat, this means 14 children have a dog only and 9 children have a cat only.
Dog: 14 Both: 6

Cat: 9

Neither: Total children:

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

In this scenario, a total of 29 children are accounted for. 14 + 11 + 6 = 29

Both: 6

This means that there are no children who have neither a dog nor a cat.
Neither: 0

Dog: 14

Cat: 11

Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

By changing the number of children who have both a dog and a cat, we can see that this number can increase from 6.
Dog: 14

Both: 6

Cat: 11

Neither: 0 Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

For example, a total of 7 children can have both a dog and a cat.

13 + 8 + 7 + 1 = 29

Both: 7

Dog: 13

Cat: 8

Neither: 1 Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

As another example, a total of 8 children can have both a dog and a cat.

12 + 7 + 8 + 2 = 29

Both: 8

Dog: 12

Cat: 7

Neither: 2 Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

Since 15 students have a cat, the maximum number of children who can have both a dog and a cat is 15 children.
Both: 15

That is, all children who have a cat also have a dog.
Neither: 9

Dog: 5

Cat: 0

Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats

Tutorial
If a class of 29 children, each of 20 children has a dog and each of 15 has a cat. How many of the children have both a dog and cat? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of the children necessarily has both. Exactly 5 Exactly 6 At least 6 and at most 15

Returning to the original problem, the number of children who have both a dog and a cat must be (D) At least 6 and at most 15

Both: 6

Both: 15

Dog: 14

Cat: 11

Dog: 5

Cat: 0

Neither: 0 Total children: 29

Neither: 9 Total children: 29

Dogs and Cats