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introduced in Japan under the name Kanban. According to this concept, materials and components are supplied to the work station just at the time when they are required for use vendors have to be in close proximity and liasion
of inventory is kept at the minimum because these are made to arrive just in 4/17/12 time when they are needed to be used
following things:-
Customer orientation Focus on long term objective All departments work as one team
organizations, both in developed and developing countries, the prevailing working conditions are not conducive to promote the concept of JIT
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eliminates sources of manufacturing waste by producing the right art at the right place at the right time cost without adding value
Waste results from any activity that adds In a JIT system, underutilized (excess)
capacity instead of buffer inventories to hedge against problems that may arise manufacturing processes in which the 4/17/12 same products and components are
All the un- needed production steps are Set up times are reduced and the production
eliminated or avoided
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inventories allow production to continue even if production problem occurs problem solving
JIT, on the other hand is system of enforced The approach in JIT is to lower inventory
gradually to expose problems and find their solution production interruptions, problems are highly visible and cannot be ignored
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standards
time promised and precisely at the expected place intended without breakdowns
Parallel Processing
JIT believes in parallel processing rather
Series Processing Suppose, Cycle time for each 4/17/12 operation=1 hour
OP 2 OP 1 OP 4 OP 3 OP 5 OP 6 OP 7
Parallel Processing
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upstream workstation that the downstream workers are ready for the upstream workstation to produce another batch of parts are
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following steps
storage
and removes the P- Kanban from the full container and places it on a post at the previous work centre
4/17/12 Kanban back to his own work center
JIT Purchasing
Is an approach to purchasing that requires
long term agreements with few suppliers term relationship between customer and supplier
Purchasing lot sizes 2. More frequent 2. deliveries Less deliveries at higher quantities
3. 2% rejection from 1. No rejection from
supplier the supplier 4. Lowest price is 2. Long term the main contracts objective
delivery schedule
7. Minimal paper
work
8. Less formal
communication
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cost
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For successful implementation of JIT Manufacturing following points are to be kept in mind
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Reduce lot sizes (manufacturing and Reduce lead times (production and
delivery)- production lead times can be reduced by moving work station closer together, applying group technology, reducing queue length
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quality control, industrial relations and supplier-manufacturer practices that differ from traditional business practices emphasize long term business relationships
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based tools that assist engineers, architects and other design professionals in their design activities within the Product Lifecycle Management process and involves both S/W and sometimes special purpose hardware
computer aided drafting, CADD (computer aided design and drafting), CAID (computer aided industrial design) or a 4/17/12 similar phrase
products which can be goods used by end consumers or intermediate goods used in other products and machinery used in the manufacture of components
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Areas of use
10. Machinery 1. Architectural design 11. Ship building 2. Civil engineering and infrastructure 12. Electronic and electrical (ECAD) 3. Roads & highways 13. Manufacturing systems 4. Water & sewer process planning 14. Digital circuit design 5. Mapping & surveying 15. Software applications 6. Mechanical (MCAD) 16. Apparel and 7. Automotive Textile CAD 8. Aerospace 9. Consumer goods
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Lifecycle Management computer based software tools that assist engineers in the manufacture of product component type of tool, machining process of paths that are to be used
Machining Process- most Machining
Progresses through three stages, each of which is implemented by a variety of basic and sophisticated strategies, depending upon the material and software available. These 4/17/12 stages are:-
Roughing- rough model of the final project Semi finishing- this process begins with a
roughed part that unevenly approximates the model and cuts to within a fixed offset distance from the model finishing is left at a constant thickness over the final surface, so during this process there is little change in the metal removal rate, following the results to be accurate
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Areas of usage- In
Mechanical engineering In electronic design automation, CAM tools
prepare printed circuit board (PCB) and integrated circuit design data for manufacturing
CAE or Computer Aided Engineering used for
to as a group of people involved in the process of making a decision (eg purchasing a product 4/17/12 or service)