PARITHY SIVAKUMAR

Welcomes you to the presentation on OSI Application layer

Topics
DNS Email FTP HTML/WWW Network security

DNS

Domain Name System DN S

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

What is a domain name? Domain Name Space?

google.com

This is a domain name.

Domain Name Space

Label Domain name o Fully qualified o Partially qualified Domain (as such)

Label

Challenger

Domain name
Fully qualified:
Challenger.atc.fhda.edu

Partially qualified:
Challenger.atc.fhda.edu

Domain

Domain Name Space

.com .net .org .biz .info .mobi .tel .travel .tv .al .com.au .at .bb .be .bo .com.br .bg .cm .ca .cl .ec .eu .fi .fr .de .gr .ht .hk .is .in .ag .com.ar .asia .dk .com.co .cd .cg .co.cr .cz .cn

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

Distribution of Name Space

Zone Root server Primary server Secondary server

Root server Primary server

Zone Secondary server

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

DNS in Internet
Generic domains Country domains Inverse domains

Generic domain
.com .net .org .biz .info .mobi .tel .travel .tv .al

Country domain
ae au bd br ca ch cn co com United Arab Emirates Australia Bangladesh Brazil Canada Switzerland China Colombia US Commercial

Country domain
cu cz de dk edu et Cuba Czech Republic Germany Denmark US Educational Ethiopia

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

Resolution
Resolver Mapping names to address Mapping address to names Recursive resolution Iterative resolution Caching

Resolver

Resolution
Resolver Mapping names to address Mapping address to names Recursive resolution Iterative resolution Caching

Mapping Address to names <> Inverse domain name

132.34.45.121.in-addr.arpa 121.45.34.132

Recursive resolution

Iterative resolution

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

DNS Messages-query/response

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

Types of records

Question record Resource record

DNS operation layout

Video

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

Registrars
Web hosting company Accredited by ICANN Domains registration

Some of the registrars of India

Answerable.com (I) Pvt Ltd Bharti Airtel Services Limited BigRock Solutions Pvt Ltd. Directi Internet Solutions Pvt. Ltd. Directi Web Services Pvt. Ltd. Good Luck Internet Services PVT, LTD. Links Web Hosting Pvt Ltd. Infocom Network Ltd. Net 4 Limited Netlynx Inc. SiliconHouse.Net Pvt Ltd.

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

Dynamic DDNS

Internet Users in millions on year basis

1800
1600 1400 Users in millions 1200 1000 800 600 1650

400
200 0

2004

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

Year

2010

Dynamic DNS
Host change IP changes Automation Security

Domain Name System

Domain Name Space Distribution of Name Space DNS in Internet Resolution DNS Messages Types of records Registrars DDNS Encapsulation

Encapsulation
UDP TCP -Port 53

Deciding factor packet size (512bytes)

Recap of key terms

Recap of key terms

Recap of key terms

Recap of key terms

Recap of key terms

Recap of key terms

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