ADOLESCENCE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
How a persons mind, emotion, and maturity level

develop throughout the course of their lifetime in interaction with their environment. Adolescents who are maturing physically and sexually not only come to feel differently about themselves, but come to be viewed and treated differently by other people.

 Adolescents become more independent and feel less

close to their parents, with whom they often argue. They appear to become closer to their parents as puberty arrives, suggesting that cultural beliefs about the family or about the significance of becoming more adult like can influence parent child relations during adolescence

Boys
Boys who mature early enjoy a number of social

advantages over boys who mature late. Late maturers are more eager, anxious, and attention seeking, have lower educational aspirations and also rated by teachers as less masculine and less physically attractive. Early maturers tended to be poised and confident in social settings that enables early maturers to become popular and were more likely to bring social recognition from adults and peers which assumes positions of leadership.

Girls
Early development is associated with a favourable

body image and increased self-confidence. Studies found that early-maturing girls are less outgoing and less popular than their pre-pubertal classmates and are likely to report more symptoms of anxiety and depression as well. She will look older and is often noticeably heavier than the boys

 As a result, early-maturing girls often seek older

companions, particularly boys, who often steer them away from academic pursuits and into less desirable activities (such as smoking, drinking, drug use, and sex) that they are not yet prepared to handle. Risks of psychological distress among earlymaturing girls are much higher when they attend co-ed schools and have lots of boys as friends

Eriksons psychological crisis stages

The fifth stages describe the crisis occur among

adolescent: Identity vs. role confusion The task during this stage is to achieve ego identity and avoid role confusion Identity: How person sees themselves in relation to their world. It is a sense of self or individuality. Role confusion: The person cannot see clearly who they are and how they can relate positively with their environment.

Role of institution
Creative and democratic concept of discipline Responsible for handling their own affair and give authority to act responsibly. Rich and varied curriculum Relate to real life Appointments of teachers Has knowledge and appropriate skill to handle matters of adolescent Provision of sex education Develop ethical, moral, wholesome, and correct attitude toward opposite sex Freedom for self-development Develop creative mind under guidance Provision of co-curricular activities Provide outlet for pent up emotions

Role of educators
Due regard to individual differences
Study specific needs of each student and their differences

Use of dynamic method of teaching

Motivate them to study and develop in desirable direction

Guidance and counseling

Help them explore career goals and options.

Encourage involvement of group activity

Give them sense of being uniquely good at something

Praise for their efforts as well as ability

Develop sense of confidence in attempting and accomplishing the task

Be aware of what students are doing

Guide them and make them a productive citizen