Database II Database Administration

Abbas Khan Department of Computer Science University of Peshawar

abbas.info@yahoo.com

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Course Contents

Database Administration

Database Integrity
Database Security Database Recovery Database Concurrency Distributed Databases Object Oriented Database
24 April 2012

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

Recommended Books

C.J Date, An introduction to Database, 6th Edition, Addison Wesley Company, 1983. Jeffrey A Hoffer, Database Management, 4th Edition, The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc 1994. Thomas M. Connolly E. Begg, Database Systems: A Practical Approach to Design , Implementation and Management, 4th Edition, Addison Wesley Company, 2004.
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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

What is Database ?
An organized collection of data for one or more

purposes, usually in digital form

Data are typically organized to model relevant

aspects of reality
A database is typically organized according to

general Data models

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Role of the Database

Primary Role: To Support Managerial Decision

Making at All Levels of the Organization

Top Level Strategic Decisions Middle Management Tactical Decisions Operational Management Daily, Operational

Decisions

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Need for Databases

Data is used by different people, in different

departments, for different reasons Interpretation and Presentation of data in useful formats Distribution of data and information
To the right people At the right time

Control

over Data Duplication(Compression technique for storage utilization) and Use

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Database Administrator
Coordinates all the activities of the database

system
has a good understanding of the enterprises

information resources and needs.

Database administrator's duties include:
Storage structure and access method definition Granting user authority to access the database

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Database Administrator Conti.

Specifying integrity constraints Acting as liaison (means of communication b/w groups) with

users
Monitoring performance and responding to changes in

requirements

BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Database Administration
Definitions
Data Administration: A high-level function that is

responsible for the overall management of data resources in an organization, including maintaining corporate-wide definitions and standards
Database Administration: A technical function

that is responsible for physical database design and for dealing with technical issues such as security enforcement, database performance, and backup and recovery
BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP 24 April 2012

DBA Functions
Data policies, procedures, standards Planning Data conflict (ownership) resolution Managing the data repository (data partitioning logical o

physical)

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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DBA Functions Conti.

Selection of hardware and software Installing/upgrading DBMS

Improving query processing performance

Managing data security, privacy, and integrity Data backup and recovery
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DBAs Responsibilities
DBA ACTIVITY Planning Organizing DBA SERVICES End User Support Policies, Procedures, Standard

Testing
Monitoring Delivering

Data Security, Privacy, Integrity

Data Backup, Recovery Data Distribution

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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End-User Support
User Requirements Gathering
Understanding of the users views and needs Present and Future information needs

Conflict and Problem Resolution

Solutions in one department may cause problems in another

Finding Solutions to Information Need Ensure Quality and Integrity of Applications and Data Build End-User Confidence
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Policies, Procedures, and Standards

Policies:

General Statements of Direction or action that communicate and support DBA goals Written Instructions that describe a services of steps to be followed during the performance of a given activity More detailed and specific than policies, and describe the minimum requirements of a DBA activity Rules that are used to evaluate the quality of the activity

Procedures:

Standards:

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Areas of Policies and Procedures

End-User database requirements gathering

Database design and modeling

Documentation and Naming conventions Design, coding, and testing of applications Database software selection Database security and integrity Database backup and recovery Database maintenance and operation End-user training

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Data Security, Privacy and Integrity

User Access Management
Define each user to the database Operating System Level Database Level Assign Passwords Define User Groups Assign Access Privileges Read Write Delete Physical Access Control

View Definitions
Protect and Control the Scope of the Data that is accessible to

a user
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Data Backup and Recovery

Disaster Management Periodic Data and Application Backups
Full Incremental Concurrent

Proper Backup Identification Convenient and safe backup storage Physical protection of hardware and software

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Data Distribution and Use

Data is only useful when: Given to the Right User Right Time Right Format Programmers Deliver programs to access data Time consuming for DBA Data Distribution allows end users to access the

database

Internet Intranets Queries, Web Front Ends End Users may make improper use of database, data duplication, etc.
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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

DBAs Technical Role

DBMS and utilities, evaluation, selection and installation

Design and implementation of Database

Testing and Evaluation

Operation of DBMS, Utilities, and Applications

Training and Supporting Users

Maintenance of DBMS, Utilities, and Applications

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Evaluation, Selection, and Installation

Selection of Hardware and Software Must be based on the Organizations Needs

Search is for a solutions to a problem, not a need

for a software
1st step is to determine companies NEEDS

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Design and Implementation

Determination and Enforcement of Standards and

Procedures Ensure the Design activities are performed within the Standards and Procedures Ensure Transactions are:
Correct Efficient Compliant with Integrity and Standards

Physical Design Operational Procedures

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Testing and Evaluation

All Database and End User Applications Maintained Independently of Development and

Implementation Cover:
Technical Aspects

Backup, Recovery, Security, Integrity

Evaluation of Documentation Observance of Standards Naming, Documentation, Coding Data Duplication Conflicts with existing data Enforcement of Data Validation rules

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012

Assignment # 1
o Define
Data Metadata Information

o List any 3 risks associated with Databases

Deadline = Tomorrow

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

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Thank You!

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BCS 4th Semester Section "B" UoP

24 April 2012