Industrial waste Recycling/Utilization

What does recycling/re-using mean?

Recycling is a key component of modern waste and Re-use is the process of reduction a substance from a waste and the removing and is the third component of "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" waste hierarchy. returning it to productive use.

Why do we need to recycle/re-use?

Reduces the need to dispose waste (in traditional manner)

Less pollution by waste (air and water)

Reduction in the release of harmful chemicals and GHGs

Prevents spreading of diseases

Why do we need to recycle/re-use?

Reduction of the usage of fresh raw materials
Reduces the need to dispose waste (in traditional manner)

Reduction of energy usage and power consumption during recycling Reduces financial expenditure Saves space required for landfill disposal

Preserves natural resources (for future generations)

Ways to recycle industrial waste

On- site At the facility Specialized commercial facility Output of a company used as input of another

Places to recycle

Off-site

company

What type of Industrial wastes can be recycled?

Recycling can be undertaken on various objects like paper, textiles, plastic, metal, glass and electronics. Industries that produce metals also produce scrap metal and slag (a byproduct of smelting ore). Mining processes leave behind rocks of no value called tailings. Nuclear plants create radioactive waste, and manufacturing plants generate too many types of chemical waste to count. Hazardous/ Non-hazardous, organic/inorganic, solid/liquid/gaseous wastes

 Materials to be recycled are either brought to a collection center or picked up from the curbside, then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new materials bound for manufacturing.

Paper recycling
1. Sorting papers 2. Collecting and transporting

Paper recycling
3. Storage at the mill 4. Re-pulping and screening

5. Cleaning

Paper recycling
6. Deinking

to remove printing ink and stickies (sticky materials like glue residue and adhesives)

7. Rening, Bleaching and Color Stripping

Paper recycling
8. Papermaking

Plastic recycling
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yo31H7Nz5Bk

Glass recycling
http://planetgreen.discovery.com/videos/g-word-shorts-glasstransformation.html#mkcpgn=snag1

Applications for recycled glass 1. Aggregate materials Recycled glass is used to make "glassphalt" Reflective paint on highways

Glass recycling
2. Abrasive materials Recycled glass can compete with materials like Al, oxide, nickel slag, silica sand, and so can be used for surface preparation of manufacturing equipment parts, tanks, bridges and commercial ships. 3. Landscaping Manufacturers combine recycled glass with crushed porcelain embedded in concrete slab to create decorative pathways and patios

Scrap metal recycling

http://planetgreen.discovery.com/videos/g-word-shorts-scrap-metal-recycling.html

E-Waste recycling
Electronic waste" may be defined as discarded computers, office electronic equipment, entertainment device electronics, mobile phones, television sets and refrigerators.

Audiovisual components, televisions, VCRs, stereo equipment, mobile phones, other handheld devices, and computer components contain valuable elements and substances suitable for reclamation, including lead, copper, and gold.

E-Waste recycling
Component Plastics and metals Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) glass - hazardous materials Destination Shredders and recyclers Sent to special centers to be processed to specification before being used in the manufacture of new CRT monitors and televisions. Remove mercury containing devices such as tubes and lamps and forward these to an EPA approved mercury recycling plant. sent to recycling companies for shredding OR mixed with other waste materials as an alternative fuel source.

Mercury - Highly toxic

Wood

Printed Circuit Boards

Sent to special companies and processed in smelters to recover non renewable resources such as copper, gold, silver, palladium and other precious metals. Processed into aluminium ingots to be used in automotive industry Material is hulled to remove excess plastic, and then the metals placed in special smelter pots to recover cobalt, cadmium, nickel and steel for reuse in battery production OR stainless steel fabrication. shredded before being sent to plastic and metal recyclers.

Hard Drives

Nickel Cadmium, Nickel Metal Hydride & Lithium Ion batteries

CD ROMs, Sound & Memory cards

Limitations of Recycling waste

Often difficult or too expensive - so "recycling" of many products or materials involves their reuse in producing different materials instead (e.g., paperboard) Intrinsic salvage value complex products (e.g., lead from car batteries, or gold from computer components) hazardous nature (e.g., removal and reuse of mercury from various items)

Limitations of Recycling waste

Costs and energy used in collection and transportation Jobs produced by the recycling industry lost to logging, mining, and other industries associated with new/fresh production Some materials like paper pulp can only be recycled a few times