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Normal Delivery
Alternative approach
Several vaccines to prevent viral encephalitis
And for each viral vaccine
Scientists may perform several studies
Yet results could be disappointing
Simple research but complicated solution
Caesarian
Prevention is better than cure
http://history.enotes.com/food-encyclopedia/metabolic-
imprinting-programming
Hunt for panacea
http://www.wordinfo.info/words/index/info/view_unit/1/?letter=B&spage=3
Component ≠ Sufficient
Component to which
Population exposed is
Part of sufficient causal mechanism
Examine priors
Viruses can not emerge outside the host
http://www.jacn.org/cgi/content/abstract/20/suppl_5/384S
Disease Definition
The disease definitions require set of
intersection of some factors (component causes)
as denominators to
make the definition complete
What is seen in viral encephalitis?
http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/content/full/326/7394/865
Component and sufficient causes
Which component causes come together (?)
To make sufficient causal mechanism for disease (?)
This is the challenge in Spatial Epidemiology and
For the Disease Informatics Groups
Requirement of team effort
Define complex diseases thereby
Identifying all the targets to combat disease and
Design a holistic solution
Disease features
The disease as it is understood today has
Shared + Variable features
Conventional disease definition
The universally shared features as against spatiality are
generally considered for diseases definition, however
the most optimum solutions are spatiality dependent
shared by local people than universal
Communicable diseases
In case of communicable diseases
The conventional approaches to have the
definition of disease in 3 phases
Suspected, Probable and Confirmed and
Arriving at a single cause (!!!)
Why modern approach?
Conventional approach has
Yet to generate feasible solutions for
Most of the real life health problems
Rigid Disease Definitions
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/158/6/848
Defining the diseases
The purposes of defining the
diseases are
To understand exactly what those
are
So that those are prevented or
reversed
The basis of Disease Informatics
To operate on the fact that
“Most outcomes — whether
disease or death — are caused by
A chain or web consisting of
many component causes”
This has been denoted as Disease
Causal Chain (DiCC)
Modern Epidemiology
Epidemiologists Rothman and
Greenland emphasize that the
"One cause − one effect"
understanding is
A simplistic misbelief
Baseline for Disease Informatics
“Existence of chain or web consisting
of many component causes”
Connotes lot of information and
Could be difficult to handle manually
Here goes the role of information
scientists
Gurus
Drs. Abhay and Rani Bang and their colleagues have
Successfully provided solutions to several health problems
By performing on multiple morbidities
www.indianngos.com/districts/gadchiroli.htm
Bayesian again
Alternatively,
Disease Complex needs to be defined
Rather than several simple diseases
Disease burden
Burden of several diseases
rely on
Certain backend events of
Disease Causal Chain
Backend vs. Frontend measures
Frontend event measures are like
Pruning the branches of disease tree while
Backend event measures uproot the tree
Disease Causal Chains
The Disease Causal Chains should
be studied as
A spatial epidemiological
problem for
All the diseases together
Present in the locality.
Solving problem of Disease Complex
Dr. V Prakash
Side effects
http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/cgi/eletters/331/7516/566#134452
Thank you