Wastewater treatment

SISKA LENGGO PUTRI Click to edit Master subtitle style 0811013124

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Waste water treatment

Physical unit operation Chemical unit operation Biological unit operation

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Four levels of waste water treatment

Preliminary treatment Primary treatment Secondary treatment Tertiary / advance treatment

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Preliminary treatment
Screening coarse solids which may clog the mechanical equipments and pipes Communition grinding of coarse solid into smaller and more uniform particles Flotation separation of suspended and floatable solids particles from wastewater. By air bubbles Grit removal 5/3/12

Primary treatment

Removal of settle able organic solids by sedimentation and the removal of materials that float (scum) by skimming

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Secondary treatment
Dissolved and non-settling organic solid from the primary effluent are removed. Aerobic Anaerobic Facultative Stabilitation of organic matter : Respiration Synthesis
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Mostly dead microbes

Secondary
aerobic microbiological process (sludge) organic matter + O2 CO2 + NH3 + H2O aquatic NH3 NO3nutrient
-

lowers suspended solids content (into sludge)

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From primary process

Secondary process

To tertiary process

air diffuser 5/3/12

Aeration and rapid mixing

Settling collects sludge on bottom

Tertiary treatment
If disinfection is practiced, it is always the final process. It is also called effluent polishing Filtration : Activad carbon removes residual toxins Lagooning : Settlement and further biological improvement in man made ponds. Highly aerobic and colonization by 5/3/12 native macrophytes.

Levels of Treatment continued

Tertiary (advanced)

anaerobic microbiological process with a different microbe where O2 is toxic (more sludge) NO3- N2 (escapes to atmosphere)

PO4-3 if not removed in sludge in secondary process PO4-3 + Al+3 AlPO4 (s) (into sludge)

- aeration to strip N2 and re-oxygenate (add DO) 5/3/12

From secondary process

Tertiary process
add methanol as food source

Effluent

Slow mixing to keep suspended and O2 out 5/3/12

Settling collects sludge on bottom

Why treat wastewater?

Causes a demand for dissolved oxygen (lower DO levels of streams) Adds nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) to cause excessive growth Increases suspended solids or sediments in streams (turbidity increase)
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Effluent back to stream after

When the treatment is done

a final carbon filtration and chlorination/dechlorination

Sludge very nutrient rich

applied directly to land as fertilizer incinerated (good fuel after drying) composted (Compro from WSSC)

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