Principles and Advances in Application Layer Protocols

Presented By:
Group I
Anteneh Mekuryaw Betsegaw Lemma Aschalew 6/2/2012 G.C

File Transfer Protocol and Hypertext Transfer Protocol

FTP
Transfer files from one host to another host over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet
Allows upload and downloading of files. Allows for access to both directories and files. built on Client/Server architecture. command-response protocol

Cont
Two Primary File Transfer Modes
ASCII (plain text) End-of-line translation occurs between platforms

Data is consider to be only 7 bits (high order bit is lost)

Binary image
Data is transferred raw (not interpreted) Mode must be set before transfer begins

FTP Communication
Uses 2 TCP ports: 20 (data) and 21 (command)

FTP Single Connection

FTP Data Transfer

Separate data connection To send lists of files (LIST) To retrieve a file (RETR) To upload a file (STOR)

control

data

Problems with FTP

FTP does not interpret the contents of a file transferred in binary mode this can cause problems, e.g. a file of 32-bit floating point numbers where the representation is different on the two computers it doesn't use strong authentication. It is based on password logins which can be guessed, or discovered by cybercriminals using a sniffer. FTP sends files in clear plain-text The main reason that web sites get hacked is because they are being updated with insecure FTP transfers.

FTPS AND SFTP

Uses SSL and SSH, security protocols.
both utilize essentially the same techniques to secure a connection.

difference is handling authentication . in practice, SSL (and FTPS) is more widely used.

Auto FTP Manager:easy to schedule and automate your FTP transfers.

connect to any FTP server and automatically upload and download files. synchronize files between PC to FTP Server, PC to PC, and FTP Server to FTP Server, automatically according to a schedule.

Smart FTP
It features:
an Explorer-like,customizable interface and supports drag-and-drop functions. Multiple FTP connections can be opened at the same time, and you can copy files from one remote host to another (FXP). Remote-host directory information is cached for future viewing, and FTP URLs are supported. Favorites list; the ability to resume broken downloads; a global history; background transfers. proxy support; a passive transfer mode; and the ability to perform recursive downloads, uploads, and deletes.

HTTP
Used to transfer data between web clients and web servers. exchange information by which Web browsers and servers. Server listens on a port (by default, 80) used for distributed object management systems.

HTTP Is a request-response protocol.

How Does HTTP Work?

For example, a Web browser initiates a request to a server, typically by opening a TCP/IP connection. The request itself comprises a request line, a set of request headers, and an entity The server sends a response that comprises a status line, a set of response headers, and an entity. When the response has been completed, either the browser or the server may terminate the TCP/IP connection, or the browser can send another request.

<protocol>://

<Server >/<path>

Communication Protocol between the client and the server

Defines the address (Uniform Resource Locator)

HTTP1.1
provides faster delivery of Web pages than the original HTTP and reduces Web

traffic. persistent connection. to an output buffer provides the ability to have multiple domain names share the same IP address.

HTTP 1.2
the new 1.2 version gets a much stronger support for resource hierarchies gets better support for text menu interfaces which are well-suited to computing environments like mobile clients. Other improvements include: Improved DNS Usage Improved Authentication and others HTTP1.2 includes more stringent requirements than HTTP/1.1 in order to ensure reliable implementation of its features.