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Liberia Scandal & Greece/Bulgaria Conflict

By: Abbas Hussaini, Jamie Anderson, April Le & Payal Patel

1930 Liberian Labo Crisis/Scandal

Liberia - History
West Coast of Africa 19th Century American Slave Colony End of 19th Century Open Door Policy for Economy I.e. Firestone uses resources

Liberia - History
January 10th, 1920: Liberia joins League of Nations Initial member

Liberia Early 1920s


1920: Liberian Presidential Election Charles D.B. King WON! True Whig Party Took over during one of worst FINANCIAL CRISIS! Went to US to negotiate a LOAN $5 million LON did not help with huge crisis!

Liberia Beginning of Conflict


1927: Liberian Presidential Election Thomas Faulkner vs. Charles D.B. King Peoples Party vs. True Whig Party Faulkner LOST, much to his chagrin Most Fraudulent Election in History

Liberia Conflict Arises


Faulkner devises REVENGE plan! Spread rumors about King Allowed slave trade of indigenous Liberian people Insinuated that King used army to ship and enforce slaves & make $$$

League of Nations
League of Nations learned of accusations Created investigation Investigation Committee creates: Christy Report Named after British lead investigator

Christy Report
1. Slavery as defined by the AntiSlavery Conference did not exist in Liberia 2. Shipment of people to other countries is associated with slavery because it has compulsion, or force, with it 3. The leaders of the Liberia misused their power over the Liberian frontier forces

Conflict Results
Accusations proved TRUE! President King resigned to avoid impeachment & trial Gov. made reforms to stop forced labor

However
Open Door Policy American company Firestone! Americo-Lberian officials benefited from slave labor!!! Firestone 8500/10000 Liberian employees were NOT voluntarily working for the company LON only stopped this slave labor in 1960s

Final Result?
The League of Nations DID stop corruption in Liberia HOWEVER, Western companies were still allowed to have slave labors into the late 20th century!!! Odd situation overall

Greece & Bulgaria Conflict

History of Area
Treaty of Neuilly November 27, 1919 Bulgaria gave Western Thrace to Triple Entente (area Nestos and Evros River) Punishment for Bulgarian involvement with Central Powers Western Thrace given to Greece, Romania & Serbia Loss of land = skirmishes between countries

History of Area
Treaty also called for: Voluntary exchange of population 300,000 people Reparations! $$ Pop. Exchange led to Tarlis Incident 17 Bulgarian peasants shot by Greek officer

Tensions Rise
Tarlis Incident Heavy protests in Bulgaria & anger at Greece Raids for livestock and movable property occurred on both sides

Incident at Petrich

War of the Stray Dog Dog crosses border Greek soldier ran across Bulgarian/Greek border to retrieve it Bulgarian sentries shot at the soldier AND a Greek Captain High tensions Greek General Theodoros Pangalos sent soldiers into Bulgaria to TRY and occupy Petrich

Incident at Petrich

General demanded: 1. Punishment of Bulgarian commanders who shot at Greek solider 2. Apology from the Bulgarian government 3. $6 million drachas as compensation!! Bulgaria is given 48 Hours to Accept INSTEAD, Bulgaria sets up defense line against the Greeks & hoped LON would come to the rescue

Incident at Petrich
Greeks attack: October 25th Span of three days

League of Nations
League of Nations intervention: Nov. 28th: ruled that Greece is the aggressor! Called for: Greek withdrawal Fine of: $45,000 pounds Bulgaria pay reparations to the family of the killed captain

Overall?
L.O.N. was able to successfully intervene between these two countries that had LOTS of tension!

Sources:
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/libhtml/liberia.html personal.denison.edu/~waite/liberia/history/index.htm http://www.liberiapastandpresent.org/ForcedLabourScandal.htm http://library.lawschool.cornell.edu/WhatWeHave/SpecialCollections/LiberianLaw /Slavery.cfm http://www.enotes.com/topic/Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine http://www.enotes.com/topic/Tarlis_incident http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/410481/Treaty-of-Neuilly http://www.enotes.com/topic/Incident_at_Petrich http://www.athensnews.gr/old_issue/13309/18541

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