FREDERICK HERZBERG (1923-2000)

BY

HARIKRISHNAN.S
SANUDEV

"The Father of Job Enrichment" and the originator of the "Motivation-Hygiene Theory Herzberg was born in Lynn, Massachusetts on April 18, 1923 Herzberg graduated from City College in 1946 and moved to the University of Pittsburgh to undertake post-graduate workplace while teaching as a professor of psychology at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland Later moved to the University of Utah where he held the position of professor of management in the college of business

In academic, management and scholarly circles, the mention of the surname 'Herzberg' alone was sufficient to indicate an awareness and knowledge of his concepts and contributions. His 1968 publication "One More Time, How Do You Motivate Employees?" had sold 1.2 million reprints by 1987 and was the most requested article from the Harvard Business Review . In 1995, the International Press announced that his book Work and the Nature of Man was listed as one of the 10 most important books impacting management theory and practice in the 20th century.

One of the most influential management teachers and consultants of the postwar era..." died on January 18, 2000 in Salt Lake City

Frederick Herzberg's theory of motivation is a content theory of motivation. Content theories of motivation try to explain the factors that motivate people by determining and satisfying their specific needs, as well as the goals and efforts undergone to satisfy these motivators. This motivation theory is referred to as a two factor theory. The reason it is called a two factor theory is the belief that motivators can be categorized as either motivation factors or hygiene factors. This is also referred to as two need system.

Hygiene Factors which can demotivate when not present. Hygiene Factors affect the dissatisfaction of a person, but are rarely identified as creating job satisfaction

Hygiene Factors

Pay and Benefits Company Policy and Administration Relationships with co-workers Supervision Status Job Security Working Conditions Personal life

Motivation Factors which will motivate when present. Job dissatisfaction isn't usually caused by a lack of Motivation Factors, but they are identified as the cause of job satisfaction.

Motivator Factors

Achievement Recognition Work Itself Responsibility Promotion Growth

People are made dissatisfied by a bad environment, but they are seldom made satisfied by a good environment. The prevention of dissatisfaction is just as important as encouragement of motivator satisfaction. Hygiene factors operate independently of motivation factors. An individual can be highly motivated in his work and be dissatisfied with his work environment. All hygiene factors are equally important, although their frequency of occurrence differs considerably. Hygiene improvements have short-term effects. Any improvements result in a short-term removal of, or prevention of, dissatisfaction. Hygiene needs are cyclical in nature and come back to a starting point. This leads to the "What have you done for me lately?" syndrome. Hygiene needs have an escalating zero point and no final answer.

The Managerial Choice: To Be Efficient and to Be Human Work and the Nature of Man Work and the Nature of Man The Motivation to Work

Worker's Needs Overcoming the Betrayals of the '80s Mystery Systems Shape Loyalties Managing Egos - East vs West: Seeking Answers That Motivate Remedies for Depression and Burnout Down the Staircase to Depression Individual Motivation: Group Dynamics at the Roundtable Leadership in a Period of Psychological Depression The Dynamics of Caring Humanities: Practical Management Education

CONCLUSION
He is the father of job enrichment and the originator of the MOTIVATION-HYGIENE THEORY. One of the most influential management teachers and consultants of the postwar era. Herzberg was professor of management at Case Western Reserve University where he established the Department of Industrial Mental Health. Frederick Herzberg's theory of motivation is a content theory of motivation. In 1959, his findings were published in "The Motivation to Work.