Industrial Pollution

Industrial Pollution: Types

Water Air Soil Noise

n n n n

Industrial Pollution: Water

n n n n n n n

Sources of wastewater Process wastewater Floor washing Washing of reactors and equipment Spills, overflows, leaks Domestic wastewater Blow downs and backwashes from utilities

Industrial Pollution: Standards

n n

n n n

Water Pollution General standards for discharge of environmental pollutants Part A: Effluents as per disposal point 33 parameters Example SS for inland surface water is 100 and for public sewers is 600 mg/l

Industrial Pollution: Standards

n n

Water Pollution Part B: Wastewater generation standards Example, sugar:0.4m3/ton cane crushed, Nylon and polyester fibre: 120m3/ton of fibre produced, Milk : 3m3/kl milk

Industrial Pollution: Standards

n n n

Water Pollution Part C: Load based standards Example, oil and grease for oil refinery : 10 kg / 1000 ton crude

Industrial Pollution: Standards

n

In addition, there are ambient environmental quality standards (example NAAQS, technology based standards (example installation of incinerator for hazardous or biomedical wastes, sector specific standards related to water, air etc.)

Industrial Pollution : Air

n n

n n n

Sources of air pollution Process or manufacturing (For example particulate matter from prilling tower of urea plant, fluoride from phosphoric acid plant, sulphur dioxide from sulphuric acid plant) Fugitive emissions (VOCs from open tanks, drums etc) Utilities (SO2 and NOx from boiler) Others (Hydrocarbons from flammable gas storages, VOCs from effluent treatment)

Industrial Pollution : Air

n n n

Standards Stack Ambient

Industrial Pollution : Soil

n n n

n n n

Improper disposal of Wastewater Improper Storage and handling of Chemicals Improper Storage, handling and disposal of Wastes Manufacturing and process Utilities (example storage of fuel oil) Monitoring under Hazardous Waste Rules

Industrial Pollution : Soil

Industrial Pollution : Soil

Industrial Pollution : Soil

Industrial Pollution : Soil

Industrial Pollution : Groundwater

Bicchri, Rajasthan

Industrial Pollution : Noise

n

n n

Manufacturing and process (Heavy machinery, hammers, furnaces) Utilities (example DG sets, compressors) Workplace noise standards Ambient standards

Industrial Pollution: SWOT analysis of SMEs in pollution control and prevention

n
n n

Opportunities
Pollution prevention could lead to improved competitiveness Better environmental performance could imply access to bigger / additional markets Using EMS as a tool for continual improvement Cleaner production For upcoming industries, environmental cost could be reckoned for selecting newer, low waste technology Improved environmental performance translates into a better shop floor and thereby greater productivity

n n n

Industrial Pollution: SWOT analysis of SMEs in pollution control and prevention

n
n

Threats
Increasing intervention of judiciary and regulators, possibility of closure in extreme cases Increasing public pressure: Fear of becoming a public enemy Increasing enforcement: Expensive EOP becoming mandatory Adverse effects on business due to loss of consumer faith in case of non compliance Possible blanket curb by regulators on higher polluting industry sectors / products

n n n

R & R of industry in managing industrial pollution

n n n n n n n n n n n

Knowledge of legal requirements, standards and limits Environmental infrastructure to meet the same Use of common treatment and disposal facilities People Interested parties Monitoring and measurement Providing data to PCBs P2 Audits EMS Environmental Management Tools