The Temporomandibular Joint & Jaw Bones

TMJ
Type:
ginglymoarthrodial synovial joint Ginglymus:

Arthrodial:

1st movement: 2nd movement:

Articulations:
Head of mandibular condyle

Ant. Part of Mandibular fossa Of? & Articular tubercle of ?

*articular surfaces fibrocartilage

Supporting Ligaments
Main (Intrinsic) Articular fibrous capsule surrounds the J. attached sup.: inf.: Lat. (TM) Lig.: runs downwards backwards between? prevents? protects?

Accessory (Extrinsic) Stylomandibular lig.: extends between? thickened part of ? Sphenomandibular lig.: lies on medial side & extends between? 3. Is there any other lig.??

*define the extents of Mandibular movements

The Articular Disc

Oval plate of fibrocartilage that is located between articular surfaces of TMJ Ant. & post. Bands Attachments periphery: ant.: ? &? post.:

* The disc divides the Joint cavity into 2 compartments:

Sup. & Inf.

Movements
1. Depression of mand. (mouth opening) 3 muscle groups ? * Main mover ?

2. Elevation: (mouth closing) 3 muscles?

3. Protrusion: (forwards) 3 muscles? main one? 4. Retrusion, Retraction: (backwards) by ?? 5. Lat. Movement to the sides: by ??

Movements of Mouth Opening

Involves 2 kinds of movement:

1. Rotation: condyle & lower surface of articular disc ( compartment) 20o (hinge)
2. Translation: condyle & disc articular tubercle until ?? (gliding)

Relations of TMJ
Ant.: masseteric a. & n. (from?) Post.: glenoid process of ? tympanic plate of EAM & ?? Lat.: parotid gland Med.: max. Vessels & auriculotemp. N.

Dislocation of TMJ
The head of the mandible moves ant. To the articular tubercle mandible is depressed & the pt. cannot close his mouth Cause: excessive contraction of lat. Pterygoid m. as in: taking a large bite over opening for the dentist

Rx.: pressure the mandible inf. Then post. by grasping the mandible with your thumbs over lower dentition

Clicking of TMJ
When the post. Band of articular disc is anteriorly displaced (in front of mand. Condyle) *As the pt. opens his mouth: the displaced disc, at a certain point, returns to its normal position producing the click sound in the joint Ant. Displacement with reduction

Anterior Displacement Without Reduction

The disc remains anteriorly displaced as the mouth is opening - the pt. cannot fully open his mouth - Grinding sounds are present - sometimes perforation of the disc may happened

The Jaw Bones

Maxilla
Body & 4 Processes
Body pyramidal hollow inside (max. sinus) Upper surface: ? Anterolateral surface: ? Posterolateral surface: ? Medial surface: ?

Maxillary Processes
Zygomatic: projects lat., ant. zyg. Arch

Frontal: sup., lat. to nasal bones

Alveolar: inf., contains upper teeth Palatine: post., ant. 2/3 of hard palate

Maxillary Foramina
2 foramina: Infraorbital F. ant. wall, infraorbital n. & a. Incisive Foramen: between palatine processes post. to central incisors incisive n. (nasopalatine n.)

Mandible
Largest & strongest facial bone

Only movable skull bone beside The ear ossicles

Horizontal part: Body Vertical Parts: Rami (ramus) Jxn.: Angle

Body:
mental foramen alveolar process mental protuberance sup. & inf. Mental spines mylohyoid line

Ramus:
mandibular notch coronoid process

condylar process:
head & neck lingula & mand. foramen

Mention 8 muscles attached to the mandible ?