CASHEW

Indu Hemangi Nehul Meghna

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History
The Portuguese introduced cashew into India Second half of the 16th century Its commercial value was only realized in the twentieth century. The world market for cashew is relatively new. Cashew started appearing on global markets towards the middle of the 1920s Trade was dominated by two countries: India, United States.
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Cont..
The cashew tree, native to Brazil, was introduced to Mozambique and then India. As a means of controlling coastal erosion.

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Some background
India is a major player on the cashew world stage. While cashew cultivation originated in Brazil. Today cashew is cultivated in Asia, Africa and Latin America. In the year 2000, the total global area under cashew cultivation 4,000,000 ha. Average productivity was around 510 kg per ha. Total raw nut production was 1.8 million tones.
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Cont..
India is the 2ND largest country in the world cashew economy for area as well as production of raw cashew nuts. Vietnam is first. Today cashew is cultivated on around 720,000 ha in India. Yielding an output of 450,000 MT Average productivity of 710 kg/ha.
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Cont..
Cashew processing, using manual techniques, was started in India in the first half of the twentieth century. It was exported from there to the wealthy western markets, particularly the United States. In the 1960s.

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Cont..
The cashew industry ranks second in the world production of edible nuts. world production in 2000 at about 2 million tones of nuts-in-shell and an estimated value in excess of US$2 billion. Vietnam,India and Brazil are the major cashew exporters. The major importers are the United States UAE, Netherlands, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom.
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Top Importers of cashew

US- imports from Vietnam & India Netherlands- Mozambique & India UAE India

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Cashew
Three main cashew products are traded on the international market: Raw nuts Cashew kernels Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL). A fourth product The cashew apple is generally processed and consumed locally.
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Cont..
One major factor that affects the consumption of cashew kernels in world markets is competition from other tree nuts. The major importers in developed countries contract their requirement for the whole year based on the sales from previous years
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Q. G) Govt. Scheme
CEPC would provide one time subsidies to cashew exporters for procurement of equipment required for export of cashew in consumer pack(max. Rs 8 lakhs) CEPC would provide one time subsidies to cashew exporters on identified items of equipments (Max. Rs 8 lakhs)

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Cont..
CEPC provide subsidy to cashew exporter for adopting flexi-pouch vacuum packing systems either in indigenously or through import. (Max. Rs 5 lakhs) CEPC would provide one time subsidy to cashew exporter to improve facilities in the factories & get certification like ISO,HACCP, etc.( Max. Rs 5 lakhs for one system & Rs 8 lakhs for more then one system)
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CEPC
Publicity and Promotion Abroad The Council undertakes publicity abroad with a view to projecting the 'Product Image' Participation in Exhibitions The Council participates in specialised International Food Fairs/ Exhibitions and general fairs abroad.
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Directorate of Cashew nut and Cocoa Development

DCCD, under the Ministry of Agriculture, is undertaking a programme to develop new plantations with clones of high yielding varieties of cashew National agency-overall development of cashew
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GLOBAL TRADE
Among 28 countries in the world involved in cashew production, 26 countries are actually engaged in production of cashew either for export or for their own consumption or for both export and domestic consumption. The share of the Indian crop vis--vis world production for the year 2010 was 15% at 375,000 tons. The Brazil crop constituted 30% of the world crop at 1,178,000 tons.
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INDIAN CASHEW INDUSTRY IN A NUTSHELL

India started its exports in the early part of 20th century with a small quantity of 50 MT which has increased almost to the level of 0.1 million MT by the end of the same century. Simultaneously the export earnings almost tripled during the last decade of the 20th century. Cashew forms an important component of the basket of agricultural products exported from India.
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Production Location in India

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Why process in india

Better technology Inexpensive & semi- skilled labor High capacity to process Leader since beginning in processing India's cashew industry was the first to use quality control for improvement of performance India also has a long tradition and good reputation as a high quality processor of cashew.
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The domestic market

It appears that almost 50% of the kernels produced in India are being sold on the domestic market.

But this markets dynamics and major players are as yet unexplored, as are the linkages between domestic and international markets.
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Q. i)

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Current news
India Market share in cashew industry has declined due to entry of Vietnam Indian cashew is losing its prominence in the global market, given its decreasing competitiveness owing to relatively higher input costs.

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