Beruflich Dokumente
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Controlled circulation Single drum Top supported Tangential corner fired Riffle tubes Balanced draught Radiant reheat Dry bottom Furnace area 14770m3 Manufacturer BHEL
BOILER DRUM, DOWNCOMERS, CC PUMP, FURNACE,(WATER WALL AND STEAM COOLED WALL) FUEL FIRING SYSTEM,(oil gun,ignitor,burner,burner tilt mechanism,scanner) SADC,(secondary air damper control) WATER WALL TUBE OR RISER ECONOMISER ,(THREE STAGE) SUPER HEATER,(LTSH,DIVISIONAL
BOILER COMPONENTS
REHEATER, SOOT BLOWER SYSTEM(WATER WALL,LRSB AND APH) ,BOTTOM ASH HOPPER(CRUSHER,REFACTORY,THR OUGH SEAL) BOILER AUXILLARIES FANS(PA FANS,FD FANS, ID FANS) MILLING SYSTEM(MILL,RAW COAL FEERDER,SEAL AIR FAN) AIR PREHEATER(SAPH,PAPH) ESP ASH DISPOSAL SYSTEM.(DRY ASH SYSTEM,WET ASH SYSTEM
BOILER DRUM
FUNCTIONS:-
STORAGE OF WATER
FURNACE
PROVIDES PROPER INSTTALATION, OPERATION MAINTENANCE OF FUEL BURNING EQUIPMENTS SUFFICIENT VOLUME FOR COMBUSTION
ECONOMISER
LOCATED IN 2ND PASS BELOW LTSH.
SUPER HEATERS
LTSH(LOW TEMP. SUPER HEATER)
DIVISIONAL PANEL(PANEL SUPERHEATER)
PLATEN SUPERHEATER(FINAL)
Principal of combustion
Fuels :
Gaseous fuel Liquid fuel solid fuel
Heat :
LDO HFO
Air :
Less amount of air will cause incomplete combustion Excess amount of air will cause boiler losses
Combustion efficiency:
1. design of boiler 2. fuel used 3. skill in obtaining combustion with minimum amount of air
REHEATERS
HEAT TRANSFER BY RADIATION & CONVECTION
AIR PREHEATERS
LOCATED IN FLUE GAS PASS AFTER ECONOMISER TO HEAT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY AIR
BCW PUMP
BCW PUMP IS SINGLE STAGE, GLANDLESS ,SINGLE SUCTION DOUBLE DISCHARGE, CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.
BURNERS
COAL BURNERS OIL BURNERS AUX. AIR SUPPLY DAMPERS O/F AIR DAMPERS BURNER TILT MECHANISM
HEA IGNITORS
PROVIDED WITH ALL OIL BURNERS 4 SPARKS /SEC,
AB ELEVATION
CD ELEVATION EF ELEVATION GH ELEVATION
SHORT RECIRCULATION
FT
HORV
HFO SUPPLY LINE HFO RETURN LINE
CD ELEVATION
EF ELEVATION
GH ELEVATION
SCAVENGE VALVE
OIL GUN
Important phenomenon
Nucleate boiling
Film boiling
LP HEATERS
DEARETORS
BFP p=<drum p
HPH
ECO
B.DRUM
DOWN COMER
BRH
URH
WATER WALL
ECO.SPECIFICATIONS
MATERIAL CARBON STEEL SA210 GRA1,SA210 GRC 76 51 5.6
DES.PR OF TUBES
DES.PR OF HEADERS
207.4
219.7
M.S
FROM F.R.S
Economiser
NO.OF HEADERS
OUTSIDE DIA(MM)
4
914.4
5
273
DES THICKNESS(MM)
ACTUAL THICKNESS DES PR.OF HEADERS MAX.WORKING PR MATERIAL
86
89 208.8 197.0 SA-299
50
45 204 192.2 SA-106
SH.SPECIFICATIONS
NO.OF TUBES OD(MM) JOINING MAX.STEM TEMP MAX GAS TEMP LTSH STAGE-I 708 PLATEN STAGE-II 444 PLATEN STAGE-III 456
51.0
BUTT 366(H) 467(P) 482(H) 512(P)
51.0
BUTT 488 548
54.0
BUTT 558 628
M.S
FROM F.R.S
Sh 1
M.S
FROM F.R.S
SH 2
M.S
FRM F.R.S
LTSH
M.S
FROM F.R.S
Final SH
RH SPECIFIFATIONS
STAGE-I
MAX.OPERATING PR 46.7
STAGE-II
45.8
DESIGN PR
MAX.GAS SIDE MT OD(MM) JOINING
56.2
460 60.3 BUTT
56.2
566 612 54.0 644+92 BUTT
MAX.STEAMSIDE MT 397
M.S
FROM F.R.S
RH
SH&RH HEADERS
SH
MAX.OPERATI 188.2 NG PR DESIGN PR 204
RH
46.7 56.2 117800
WEIGHT(KGS) 223000
M.S
FROM F.R.S
RE HEATER CIRCUIT NON DRAINABLE PORTION DRAINABLE PORTION UNIT 7 BOILER HYDRO TEST
M.S
FROM F.R.S
RE HEATER CIRCUIT NON DRAINABLE PORTION DRAINABLE PORTION UNIT 7 BOILER HYDRO TEST
Feeder
Pulverizer/Mill Powdered Form
Coal Feeders
Coal feeders is used to regulate the flow of coal from bunker the pulverizer Types of Coal Feeders: 1. Volumetric Feeders 2. Gravimetric Feeders Coal Entry to feeder from
Coal Feeders
Gravimetric Coal Feeder : Feeding the Coal from Bunker to Pulverizer as per requirement Leveling Bar Specialized Belt Conveyer Amount of Coal entry controlled by the speed of the Drive pulley Drive pulley connected through motor with variable speed drive Either DC Motor or Motor with Magnetic clutch is used
Pulverization of Coal
Pulverization : It is a method by which the coal is crushed to a fineness such that 70-80% passes through a 200 mesh sieve Importance of Pulverization Coal firing: 1. High Boiler Efficiency 2. Ability to use high combustion air temp. 3. Low Excess Air Requirement 4. Ability to burn a wide variety of coals 5. Better reaction to automatic control
Steel Balls
Bowl Mill
Coal Entry
Burners
Design consideration: Atomise the oil Properly shaped jet Combustion must be complete Excess air should be minimum Ready accessibility for repairs
Burner Arrangement
Air Heaters
It is a heat transfer surface in which air temperature is raised by transferring heat from other medium such as flue gas. These are used for heating the primary and secondary air before entering the furnace.
Advantages
1. Increase in boiler efficiency. 2. Stability of combustion increases by use of hot air.
Ljungstorm Airheater
FURNACE
MILLS
FD FAN A FD FAN B
ID FAN A
PA FAN A
PA FAN B
ID FAN B