EFECTIVE PRESENTATIONS

ACADEMIC SPEAKING Dewi Rochsantiningsih

Presentattion Skills The 3 Ps

Preparation
Performance Performance review

PREPARATION (pointers to planning)

Know your topic and set clear objectives Analyse your audience Prepare your venue and check equipment Organise your talk Prepare the physical environtment

PERFORMANCE
Get comfortable and bond with the audience Use non verbal cues Use voice Monitor the audience Be yourself!!!

Post Performance Review

Follow up (act on promises made) Seek feedback, peer, audience, video Evaluate Reflect and debrief Relax Reward yourself

Effective Presentations
Objectives Audience Format Behaviour Venue Protocol

Set your objective and know your topic

Reason/Problem/Goal Research List key points Logical order/means of support

Flow
CONFIDENCE & SUCCESS

Understand your audience

Who? Their language Their links Their needs Their knowledge of your subject How many

Presentation Format
What do you want to achieve? Short chunks Examples Repetitions Audiovisuals

OPENING ANECTDOTE OBJECTIVE POINTS

What do you want participants to do in the end?

PROPOSAL/RECOMMMENDATION DISCUSSION SUMMARY & CLOSE

Presentation Behaviour
communication tools

Eyes Space Gestures Posture Motion Attitude Voice: volume, tempo, tone, pitch, breath, timing, force, articulation

Know Your Venue

The The The The The The

right right right right right right

sound location light food layout breaks

Presentation Protocol

Know your subject and use clear language Know the source of material presented Use statistics carefully Avoid generalisations Only promise what you can deliver Dont get on a hobby horse stick to your agenda

The Final Touch

Equipment is in order Materials are laid out logically Plan/script is well times Samples are at hand Have rehearsal Think good - feel good!!!

ELEMENTS OF GOOD PRESENTATION

ATTITUDE REHEARSAL VERBAL EXPRESSION NONVERBAL EXPRESSION

ATTITUDE

Attitude matters a great deal with delivery. A confident presence is an aspect of your credibility and persuasiveness. Yet people have speaker apprehension, fear of speaking in front of an audience. This fear can become a self-fulfilling prophecy: We can make ourselves fail . . . or succeed.

DONT

Comment on your own performance. Apologize for your speaking, especially not before you speak. Dont hide behind the lectern, wear hats, or chew gum. Dont look over the audience heads or envision them naked (silly myths). Dont watch your own feet when you dance.

Youre just the messenger.

Dont stay focused on yourself or how people are regarding you. Its not just about you. Of the three elements necessary to the speaking process: a message, an audience for which the message is designed, and a messenger, the messenger is less important.

DO

Be conversational. A public speaking situation is still personal, if you speak naturally and make eye contact. Look at people. Theyll relate to you. Move like you do in normal life, but much less. Stay focused on your material. Youre just the messenger, not the point of the message. If youve chosen topics well, its vital that you get this information to audience.

DO NOT
Give up on yourself. Theres something you do well you that may not know yet. Get help when you need it. Dont go away and try to get it perfect on your own before you let anyone see it. Wait until the last minute. Its a lousy habit anyway that holds you back from your goals.

REHEARSAL

Practice, practice, practice. Get your presentation written at least a week early and say them out loud every day. Say your presentation out loud as youre writing them. Some phrasing looks good on the page, but doesnt fit the tongue. It will remind you to keep language tight.

Rehearsal
Places to practice: In the car. In the shower or bathtub. Somewhere where you can shout without being heard. In your mind when your lips are tired, and our lips will get tired is youre speaking correctly.

Rehearsal
Repeat some tongue-twisters for conditioning : Rugged rubber baby bumpers She sells sea shells by the seashore. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. How much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? Hed chuck all the wood that a woodchuck could, if a woodchuck could chuck wood.

ELEMENTS OF GOOD SPEAKING

VOCAL EXPRESSION: You must speak loudly enough to be heard, clearly enough to be understood, and slowly enough for your audience to keep up. NONVERBAL EXPRESSION Body language matters because it influences your credibility and helps the audience focus on your speech. Nonverbal frames the verbal.

Vocal Expression
There are five dimensions of voice that can be manipulated for greater effect. Volume - Speak louder or softer for emphasis. Pitch - Stay at an appropriate mid-range level. Rate - Accelerate for a few sentences to excite, slow down and pause to emphasize some words. Articulation - Speak clearly with full voice. Quality - The personality of your voice, resonant, throaty, nasal, etc.

Vocal Expression

Be appropriate in tone. Sometimes when we get nervous we laugh inappropriately during serious moments. We may even become self-satirizing when nervous, playing as if it werent important. While you dont want to take yourself so seriously that you pressure yourself into errors, you should treat the process with respect.

Nonverbal Expression
The nonverbal frames the verbal in this sense: Whichever behavior interrupts the other is the one that takes audience focus. If I move to draw their attention gesture or take a step - then speak, theyll hear me. If I start to speak, then move aimlessly, theyll watch but not hear.

Nonverbal Expression
Stand still for a moment and make eye contact with your audience. Then start. Speak only once youve made contact. Stay in one place for awhile. Dont pace around through the speech. Choose 2 or 3 places where youll take a step or two.

Nonverbal Expression

Gesture naturally, as you would when you talk with friends. Free your hands as much as possible to allow that to occur.

Make the manuscript your friend with large font, double spacing, and only complete sentences on one page. Use the lectern for your notes. Keep your hands out of your pockets.

Nonverbal Expression
Clothing and accessories are an aspect of your persuasion. Dress appropriately to the occasion. Dont hide under hats or behind sunglasses. Watch jangling jewelry.