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P wr o e:
P rs M jo p rs o eain a ot : a r ot p r t g t
% f C in s % f U ) o3h a , 3 o3 S
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Thrust on infra spending continues 12th Plan infrastructure outlay at ~10% of the GDP
(Rs trn) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 V III IX X XI XII 3 33 . X XI XIII 33 . 33 . 33 . Inf rastruc ture inv es tments during plan periods 3 3 33 . 33 . 33 . Inf rastruc ture inv estments % of GDP during plan periods 3. 33
health given the increasing share of infrastructure in gross bank (non food) credit
Source: RBI
funding Long project implementation periods and long gestation period Some Infrastructure projects require 15 year, 20 year loans or even longer
Project finance creates a ALM mismatch for Banks as the average tenor of fund
source (liabilities) for the banks is 3 7 years as against long tenor assets of 15 20 years in project finance
Many banks still have policies that favor loans of not more than 10 years Infra finance can be an attractive for banks to invest if the tenure of such
Debt Funds The risk profile of a infrastructure project (for instance annuity road projects, captive power plants) change sharply after they have commissioned and have attained stability
Upon stabilisation, infra projects present
ideal opportunity for insurance companies, pension funds and provident funds which have appetites for long term assets but till now invested only 7% - 8% of their total investments in infra and social sectors.
Access to proposed Infra Debt Funds (IDF)
for PPP projects is being established on similar lines of Takeout finance scheme.
within a pre-fixed period (~ 5 years, when the project reaches certain defined milestones), by another institution thus preventing any possible asset-liability mismatch.
After taking out the loans from the banks, the institution could off-load them to
medium term loan with phased redemption beginning after, say 5 years. At the end of 5 years, the bank could sell the loans to the institution and get it off its books.
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out finance
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institution must provide for the risk capital for the loans has rendered this instrument less desirable.
Having
participated in high risk period (pre commissioning), lack of enthusiasm among banks to exit from assets which have been commissioned and attained stability.
books of banks until the take-out actually happens. Moreover, it is subjected to high uncertainties with respect to achievement of the project milestones at the end of defined period, which in Indian infrastructure scenario, are more often not achieved.
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Regulatory framework
Recognized by RBI and norms exist for capital adequacy, income recognition and
provisioning
At present, conditional take out financing is subject to 100% risk weight for
provision of capital by both the entities involved simultaneously, with the take out financier using a credit conversion factor of 50% till the take out happens.
RBI has stated that exposure has to be recognized even in case of off balance
sheet transactions and accounted for using a credit equivalent. The risk weights in conditional and unconditional transfers are as per Table below:
Lending bank Unconditional takeover Conditional takeover 20% 100% Taking over bank 100% 50%
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Regulatory framework
Till recently, refinancing of domestic Rupee loans with ECB was not permitted. However, keeping in view the special funding needs of the infrastructure sector, the
ECB policy has been reviewed and a scheme has been put in place for take-out finance.
Accordingly, it has been decided to permit take-out financing arrangement through
ECB, under the approval route, for refinancing of Rupee loans availed of from the domestic banks by eligible borrowers in the sea port and airport, roads including bridges and power sectors.
Conditions for takeout of Rupee Loan by ECBs A tripartite agreement with banks and overseas recognized lenders for either a
conditional or unconditional take-out of the loan within three years of the scheduled COD. Date of occurrence of take-out should be clearly mentioned in the agreement. The loan should have a minimum average maturity period of seven years. Compliance by banks with the extant prudential norms relating to take-out financing. The fee payable, if any, to the overseas lender till take-out < 100 bps per 15
Occurrence of Takeout and 75% takeout finance to 75% of residual debt; subject to total takeout amount being < 50% of the total residual debt of the project on the Scheduled Date of Occurrence of Takeout.
Tripartite agreements to be executed between IIFCL, Lender(s) and the Borrower at the time of
financial closure for new projects. Existing projects where residual loan tenor > 6 years can also be covered under this scheme
Scheduled Date of Occurrence of Takeout shall be 1 year after the scheduled COD of the
project.
Tenor of the Takeout Amount with IIFCL shall be up to 15 years - last loan repayment not to be
including Takeout Financing by IIFCL shall not exceed 30% of total project cost
Takeout will be executed in respect of only those loans, which are classified as standard
at least 1.10
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companies or infrastructure capital companies or infrastructure projects / SPVs which are created for the purpose of facilitating or promoting investment in infrastructure or PPP and post COD infrastructure projects which have completed at least one year of satisfactory commercial operation having a compulsory buyout with termination payment guarantee.
.The investors in IDF would primarily be domestic and off-shore institutional investors,
especially Insurance and Pension Funds who have long term resources. Banks and FIs would only be allowed to invest as sponsors of an IDF.
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Way forward
Banks need to change to originate carry take out / refinance model and
commissioned and attains stability and exit either by way of refinance through either the takeout scheme or bond issue or through IDF
Banking system need to move to a stronger risk based pricing system
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Interest rate on DDBs post take-over defined but linked to performance ratios achieved by
the Project
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