BY DHEERAJ B R DESU NITHIN GIRISH

ABOUT HIMALAYA
1930 - Mr. M. Manal formed The Himalaya Drug Company. His vision: Put Ayurveda on par with modern medicine. 1932 - His elder brother, Mr. M. Misal, joined him a few years later and they set about building the company together. 1934 - Launch of Serpina, the world's first anti- hypertensive drug, derived from Rauwolfia serpentina 1950 - Dr. Roshan M. Captain, Ph.D., joins the company and spear heads research and development.

1955 - Liv.52, a hepatoprotective, is launched and goes on to become one of the world's top-selling drugs.
1965 - Mr. Karstein, a German pharmaceutical consultant, directs the company's focus towards allopathic medical practitioners.

1975 - An advanced manufacturing facility is set up in Bangalore. The facility grows to become the corporate headquarters.
1991- The company's R&D center moves to Bangalore. Research and development becomes a very important aspect of the company's focus. 1996 - The company opens its US office at Houston, Texas. 1998 - The Animal Health Product range for commercial livestock is launched. 1999 - Himalaya Herbals launches its personal healthcare products in India. 2000 - The company launches a special range for pets called the Companion Care range. 2001 - The company adopts a new unified brand identity

2003 - ISO 9001: 2000 certification awarded for design, manufacture and marketing of herbal health care products. 2005 - Himalaya celebrates seventy-five years.

2006 - UK-based National Quality Assurance gives Himalaya ISO-14001:2004 certification for environment management.
2008 - Soliga Forest Honey, a Certified USDA Organic honey sourced from the forests of South India, is launched. Collected by the Soliga Tribe, the honey is sourced by Himalaya at a fair trade price. 2009 - Introduction of Organique by Himalaya, a range of personal care products formulated with organic herbs and oils.

2010 - Liv.52 HB, the worlds first herbal drug for the effective management of Hepatitis B, is introduced.

HIMALAYA PRODUCTS
Himalaya includes 3 major categories of products:-

1. 2. 3.

Pharmaceutical Personal care Animal Health

In pharmaceutical - Childrens health, Mens Health, Womens health, General Health. E.g.- Bonnisan - Keeps babies health and happy, Bresol The breathing solution In Personal care - Olive oil, Antidandruff hair cream, Soap free face wash, Dental cream, Antiseptic cream, Hair detangler & conditioner. E.g. - Dental pack, Clarifying mudpack, Fairness cream In Animal health - Live-52vet, Him-c, Liv-52 Protec, Anxocare. E.g. - Him-c - Natural source of Vitamin c

 The USP of this brand is its focus on scientific research with an emphasis on the need to validate traditional Ayurveda. The forests of India are situated in lands far removed from the ills of urban life. Nature's goodness is found in abundance here. In the herbs. In the flowers. Himalayas USP in Russia will be its extensive product portfolio, rare ingredients used in our formulations and above all else the science and research backing each and every product. Adding that the new drugs contain natural phyto estrogens tested to have no side effects at all.

USP

Types of Foreign Exchange Exposure

Changes in exchange rates can effect firm value through:

Example
A Taiwanese company has the following USD exposures: 1. Owns a factory in Texas worth US$5 million. 2. Agreement to buy goods worth US$2 million. 3. Biggest competitor is a US company.
What happens if the dollar appreciates? 1. $ value of US factory goes down (translation). 2. $ cost of buying goods goes down (transaction). 3. Global competitiveness of Taiwanese company decreases (operating).

Translation Exposure
Translation exposure, also called accounting exposure, arises because financial statements of foreign subsidiaries which are stated in foreign currency must be restated in the parents reporting currency for the firm to prepare consolidated financial statements. Translation exposure is the potential for an increase or decrease in the parents net worth and reported net income caused by a change in exchange rates since the last translation. The accounting process of translation, involves converting these foreign subsidiaries financial statements into home currency-denominated statements.

Translation Methods
Two basic methods for the translation of foreign subsidiary financial statements are employed worldwide: The current rate method The temporal method
Regardless of which method is employed, a translation method must not only designate at what exchange rate individual balance sheet and income statement items are remeasured, but also designate where any imbalance is to be recorded (current income or an equity reserve account).

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Current Rate Method

The current rate method is the most prevalent in the world today.
Assets and liabilities are translated at the current rate of exchange. Income statement items are translated at the exchange rate on the dates they were recorded or an appropriately weighted average rate for the period. The biggest advantage of the current rate method is that the gain or loss on translation does not pass through the income statement but goes directly to a reserve account (reducing variability of reported earnings).
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Temporal Method
Under the temporal method, specific assets are translated at exchange rates consistent with the timing of the items creation.
This method assumes that a number of individual line item assets such as inventory and net plant and equipment are restated regularly to reflect market value. Gains or losses resulting from remeasurement are carried directly to current consolidated income, and not to equity reserves (increased variability of consolidated earnings).

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Monetary / Non-monetary Method

If these items were not restated but were instead carried at historical cost, the temporal method becomes the monetary/non-monetary method of translation.
Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at current exchange rates. Non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at historical rates. Income statement items are translated at the average exchange rate for the period. Dividends (distributions) are translated at the exchange rate on the date of payment. Equity items are translated at historical rates.

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Managing Translation Exposure

The main technique to minimize translation exposure is called a balance sheet hedge.
A balance sheet hedge requires an equal amount of exposed foreign currency assets and liabilities on a firms consolidated balance sheet. If this can be achieved for each foreign currency, net translation exposure will be zero. These hedges are a compromise in which the denomination of balance sheet accounts is altered, perhaps at a cost in terms of interest expense or operating efficiency, to achieve some degree of foreign exchange protection.
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Transaction Exposure
Transaction exposure measures changes in the value of outstanding financial obligations incurred prior to a change in exchange rates but not due to be settled until after the exchange rates change.

Thus, this type of exposure deals with changes in cash flows that result from existing contractual obligations.

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Sources of Transaction Exposure

Transaction exposure arises from:
Purchasing or selling on credit goods or services whose prices are stated in foreign currencies.

Borrowing or lending funds when repayment is to be made in a foreign currency.

Being a party to an unperformed foreign exchange forward contract. Otherwise acquiring assets or incurring liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.
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Transaction Exposure Example

Suppose a U.S. firm, Trident, sells merchandise on account to a Belgian buyer for: 1,800,000 payment to be made in 60 days. S0 = $0.9000 per

The U.S. seller expects to exchange the 1,800,000 for $1,620,000 when payment is received.

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Transaction Exposure Example

Transaction exposure arises because of the risk that the U.S. seller will receive something other than $1,620,000. If the euro weakens to $0.8500/, then Trident will receive $1,530,000 If the euro strengthens to $0.9600/, then Trident will receive $1,728,000

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THANK YOU