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Primary Pollutants CO CO2 SO2 NO NO2 Most hydrocarbons Most suspended particles Secondary Pollutants
Sources
Natural
Stationary
Mobile
GWP: CFC > N2O > CH4 > CO2 10,000 > 150 > 25
Ozone Depletion
Stratospheric Ozone Destruction by Chlorine Atoms and UV Radiation
Formation of Smog
Fig 18-8
Formation of PAN
Fig 18-9
Temperature Inversions
Cold, cloudy weather in a valley surrounded by mountains can trap air pollutants (left). Areas with sunny climate, light winds, mountains on three sides and an ocean on the other (right) are susceptible to inversions.
Fig 18-12
Fig18-14
Frazier fir stand on Mount Mitchell in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina
Plants - indirectly (lower soil nutrients, insects attack weak trees) Soils - directly (leaching of base cations eg, Ca & Mg)
20
Electrostatic Precipitator
Can remove 99% of particulate matter Does not remove hazardous ultrafine particles. Produces toxic dust that must be safely disposed of. Uses large amounts of electricity
Wet Scrubber
Can remove 98% of SO2 and particulate matter. Not very effective in removing hazardous fine and ultrafine particles.