MATHEMATIC FOR SCIENCES TMU 3033 Adiabatic Process En.

Abdul Halim bin Amat @ Kamaruddin

MUHAMAD FADLILAH BIN MUKLAS D20091035132

Adiabatic Process
In thermodynamic study, adiabatic process is one of the process that no heat is transferred to or from the working liquid. The Adiabatic word come from Greek word that literally mean impassable, this etymology correspond to the no heat being transferred from or to the working liquid. In adiabatic process dQ =

0 not equal to TdS. Here we will look on the adiabatic process for
ideal gas From the first law of thermodynamic:

dU + dW = dQ, dQ=0
dU + dW =0 dU = - dW

 Differentiate the ideal gas law: PV = nRT PdV= nRdT

At constant volume : dU = nCvdT, dW = pdV , and PV = nRT

W = F. s dW= PAds dW=PdV So from the first law of thermodynamic : nCvdT + PdV =0 ,

(nCvdT + (nRT/V)dV = 0) nCvT (dT/T) + (R/Cv) dV/V = 0

 From the thermodynamic law : dQ = dU + dW nCpdT = nCvdT + PdV , PdV = nRdT nCpdT = nCvdT + nRdT Cp = Cv + R R = C p - Cv (R = Cp - Cv) Cv (R/ Cv ) = [ (Cp / Cv ) - 1 ] (R/ Cv ) = ( - 1 )

(Cp / Cv )=

Subtitute into equ. (dT/T) + (R/Cv) dV/V = 0 (dT/T) + ( - 1 ) dV/V = 0 (dT/T) + ( - 1 ) dV/V = 0 so , ln T + ( - 1 ) lnV = K TV( -1) = K

 From gas equation: pV = nRT T = pV/nR (P1V/nR)V( -1) = K , n = 1 (P1V1/nR)(V1 / V1 ) = (P2V2/nR)(V2 / V2 ) (P1 V1 ) = (P2 V2 )
(PV ) = k

OR
(T1 V1 )/V1= (T2 V2 )/V2 (P1 V1 ) = (P2 V2 )
(PV ) = k

, substitute T = pV/nR into equ.

) (PV

=k

GRAPH (PV ) = k
Example P against V graph
P

Work Done in Adiabatic Process:

dW = -dU = -nCvdT W = -nCvdT = -nCv(T2 T1) , T= (PV/nR) = nCv [(P1V1/nR) (P2V2/nR)] = Cv/R (P1V1 - P2V2) , R/Cv = ( - 1 )

= 1/ ( - 1 ) [(P1V1 - P2V2)]
Type of gas Monoatomic 1.667 Diatomic 1.400 Polyatomic 1.333

Application
The pump is enclosed by the piston so the air will trap in the pump. Accordance to the First Law of Thermodynamic as the pressure is changed exerted by the piston as changed the volume so the work done on the air or by the air will occur. The work done by the force on the piston is changed into an increase of temperature and the pressure the pressure in the air. It is due to the compression of volume ,so the kinetic energy of air molecule will increase as the volume decrease When the kinetic energy is increase the pressure will directly increase and at the same time the pressure is directly proportional with the temperature. In other word the temperature also increase as the pressure increase. Due to the increase of the temperature, the temperature of surrounding body also increase by conduction.

QUESTION
QUESTIONS: