|

MA Art & Design

20 1 2

P L A G I A R I S M

Plagiarism comes from a Latin word that means kidnapping.

So, plagiarism means to steal a persons words or ideas.

You might think that taking a word or phrase here and there
because they sound good, makes the work yours.

Unfortunately, that is not true, and if we don't identify the original source, we are committing plagiarism.

Plagiarism can be committed with or without citation.

1. "The Ghost Writer" The writer turns in another's work, word-for-word, as his or her own. 2. "The Photocopy" The writer copies significant portions of text straight from a single source, without alteration. 3. "The Potluck Paper" The writer tries to disguise plagiarism by copying from several different sources, tweaking the sentences to make them fit together while retaining most of the original phrasing.

4. "The Poor Disguise" Although the writer has retained the essential content of the source, he or she has altered the paper's appearance slightly by changing key words and phrases.
5. "The Labor of Laziness" The writer takes the time to paraphrase most of the paper from other sources and make it all fit together, instead of spending the same effort on original work. 6. "The Self-Stealer" The writer "borrows" generously from his or her previous work, violating policies concerning the expectation of originality adopted by most academic institutions.

Sources Cited (But Still Plagiarized)

1. "The Forgotten Footnote" The writer mentions an author's name for a source, but neglects to include specific information on the location of the material referenced. This often masks other forms of plagiarism by obscuring source locations. 2. "The Misinformer" The writer provides inaccurate information regarding the sources, making it impossible to find them. 3. "The Too-Perfect Paraphrase" The writer properly cites a source, but neglects to put in quotation marks text that has been copied word-for-word, or close to it. Although attributing the basic ideas to the source, the writer is falsely claiming original presentation and interpretation of the information. 4. "The Resourceful Citer" The writer properly cites all sources, paraphrasing and using quotations appropriately. The paper contains almost no original work! It is sometimes difficult to spot this form of plagiarism because it looks like any other well-researched document. 5. "The Perfect Crime" The writer properly quotes and cites sources in some places, but goes on to paraphrase other arguments from those sources without citation. This way, the writer tries to pass off the paraphrased material as his or her own analysis of the cited material.
Adopted from: plagiarismdotORG @ www.plagiarism.org/

Checklist to avoid plagiarism:

1. Did I make a list of all the books, articles, websites and other sources I used? 2. Did I keep track of which information came from which sources?

3. When I used sentences just as they were in the source, did I put quotation marks around them?
4. When I paraphrased/summarized ideas in my own words, did I remember to give credit to the original source?

quotation
A quotation states the exact words of a person either in speech or writing. It should be used sparingly for specific reasons only. When a piece of work is filled with quotations, the work is no longer original and the writers voice is lost between the quotes. However, when used correctly, quotations can improve a work.

How to quote:
There two types of quotations; short and long quotations.

The first is very much used as it incorporates the quote into your sentence.
The second is used if the quote fulfills several criteria.

Short Quotation:
You are actually incorporating the quote into your own sentence. This is where your language proficiency plays a crucial part. Example: Gregg Hall(2009), a consultant for online and offline businesses, believes that it is possible that shoes could assist in depicting an individuals personality(p.2). In this kind of quotation, inverted commas () are needed to signal where a quote begins and ends. However, if you want to take a whole sentence as your quote, even with inverted commas, the quote cannot stand on its own. For example: Shoes say a lot about the wearer. It is believed that shoes help in depicting an individuals personality(Hall, 2009, p.2).

Long Quotation:
Example: Gregg Hall(2009), a consultant for online and offline businesses, believes that: A grubby sneaker in the collection denotes that the woman is an athlete or, maybe, she is a gardener. Cowboy boots will signify that the woman has a passion for riding horses. But if the boots are found to be in immaculate condition, then she probably has interest in country and western dance. A wide collection of shoes in diverse colors, shapes and style means that perhaps she is an office worker(p.2).
Notice that in this type of quotation, no inverted commas are employed. Instead, an indention of 10 spaces is used to show that it is a quote.

Introducing a quotation:
Introductory phrases are used: X states that X claims that X asserts that X agrees that X strongly argues that X comments that X suggests that X argues that X says that X observes that X takes the view that X contends that X believes that X proposes that X concludes that X maintains that X concedes that X notes that According to X As X states

Other guides of quoting:

Ellipsis marks Ellipsis is the three dots () used in a quote when you intend to take the first and last parts but not the middle of the chosen sentences.
Example: Gregg Hall(2009), a consultant for online and offline businesses, believes that it is possible that shoes could assist in depicting an individuals personality, who she is, what she fond of and what kind of lifestyle she has(p.2).

Brackets square brackets([]) would have to be used either to make it grammatically suitable to be incorporated into your sentence, to make the sentence easier to be understood, or to correct a spelling error in the quote.
Example: Gregg Hall(2009), a consultant for online and offline businesses, believes that shoes [could] help in depicting an individuals personality(p.2).

end