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Snakebite lie down, lower affected area, constrictor band, cold packs, treat for shock, get help ASAP Blisters clean, antiseptic, apply Band-Aid, moleskin
Break only if necessary and then with sterilized pin
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Leave No Trace
No Trace Principles
Plan Ahead & Prepare
Minimize damage to natural and cultural resources Camp in designated areas, hike on established trails, minimize damage to vegetation and soil Pack it in, pack it out. Plan your waste stream to minimize the amount you must pack out. Allow others to discover. Leave rocks, plants, animals and artifacts where you find them. Campfires are necessarily messy. Cutting of wood degrades an area with heavy use. You are in their home, be quiet and observe. Dont feed wild animals and they will stay wild. Allow others to have the experience you expect to have. Keep the noise down, respect the boundaries of others campsites and the boundaries of private land
Boy Scout Handbook pages 244-45 and the Fieldbook provide more info
Trekking Plan
Helps to ensure thorough planning and serves as a precaution if help is required helps you to stay found Time, date and place of departure Time, date and place of return Destination
Show alternates if it is possible that a specific campsite is occupied or if weather conditions make a change in plan necessary
Leave copies with family, troop, park office and transportation, as necessary
Share the work and work as a team Maintain a perpetual roster so that all jobs are rotated and shared Balance the load on backpacking trips
Share tents, pots, stoves Distribute food, water and equipment
Stay dry. If you stay dry you will be more likely to stay warm Change out of clothes worn on hikes or that youve worn all day, change before going to bed
Footwear
Dry out boots before storing them in a well ventilated place Waterproof leather boots with grease, oil, or wax based dressing
Bedding
Air out your sleeping bag after a trip. Hang outside or indoors or use air setting on home dryer Store your sleeping bag loosely stuffed and not tightly rolled to maintain its loft
Pack
Keep your equipment stored in your pack add clothes, food, water and youre ready to go
Layering
THE MOST IMPORTANT CONCEPT
Inner layer moisture management
Silk, wool, synthetic like polypropylene two piece long underwear
YOU CAN ALWAYS TAKE IT OFF, BUT YOU CANT PUT IT ON IF YOU DONT HAVE IT
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Pack all clothing in plastic bags 1.0 1.5 gallon Ziplock bags
Sit on the bags to push all the air out before closing them to save space Repack dirty clothes in the bag you took the clean clothes out of
Pack sleeping bag in waterproof covering garbage bag inside stuff sack Place items you will need during the trip on the outside of the pack within easy reach
First Aid kit Poncho / rain suit Knife Rope parachute cord Small flashlight or headlamp Fire starting equipment Eating utensils/cup/bowl Water bottle / canteen
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Tents
Select a tent based on what kind of camping you are doing and what features are necessary for that kind of camping Trail Tarp Backpacking / fair weather
Versatile, can be used as a shelter or dining fly No protection from insects, blowing rain/snow
A-Frame - Backpacking
Light weight, include doors, walls, floors and bug netting, waterproof/breathable, exterior poles, limited room
Tents - More
3 season and 4 season
3 season tents are best for most of your camping 4 season tents are suited for winter camping and snow
These generally cost more
Tent Care
Seal the seams as directed for nylon tents Always roll your tent toward the front door to let the air out without stressing the tent seams Hang your tent up to dry for a day or two after use especially if you camped in the rain. Mildew and funny smells will result if you skip this important step
Tent Stakes
Nylon Metal Flukes and deadmen for sand or snow
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Water
Normal conditions require 2 quarts per day
Clear urine indicates good hydration, dark indicates the opposite
Camp Sanitation
Keep trash picked up and wrap up excess food Filter out particles and pack out with trash Scatter gray water & grease away from camp Locate latrines and cat holes well away from water sources and camp Why? To minimize attraction to animals, prevent disease from contamination, keep smells down and keep your site neat for others
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Packs
General Considerations
Storage space in cubic inches
3500cu in. for summer 4000-4500cu in. for 3-5 day trips 5000 cu in. for expeditions and cold weather
Remember to still pack as light as possible Add a pack cover or use a garbage bag to protect your pack from weather
External Frame
Advantages: Good for general backpacking, lots of pouches/compartments for easy access, accommodates bulky shared gear and extra gear for winter, gear can be easily tied on the outside of the frame Disadvantages: Not all gear is stored internally so it must be otherwise protected, tying stuff on the outside can unbalance the load Features: higher center of gravity, hip belt, adjustable for growth
Internal Frame
Advantages: OK for general backpacking but better for rock scrambling, skiing, mountaineering, all gear is stored internally and is protected, weight is held closer to the back Disadvantages: Usually more expensive, requires fitting, can be hot in summer, fewer external pouches/compartments, space is more restricted than with an external frame pack Features: snug fit to back, low center of gravity
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Sleeping Bags
Style
Square self explanatory
Good for cabin camping, summer camp Larger area around shoulders and feet must be heated by you
Good for backpacking in warm weather (50 deg), inexpensive, lightweight Can augment a sleeping bag for colder temperatures (additional 10-15 degrees)
Mummy fits head to toe, includes a hood that can be drawn up around your face Best for the coldest weather zero degree range No wasted space to heat Semi-mummy fits head to toe but doesnt include a full hood Good for cold weather good to the teens No wasted space to heat
Tapered
Insulation
Flannel OK if the weather is warm Synthetic warm, durable, capable of keeping you warm when its wet, low maintenance
Hollofill, Hollofill II, Quallofill
Goose down warm, but loses its loft when wet and wont insulate well
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Equipment Checklist
Many sources available
Boy Scout Handbook Chapter 8 pages 203-207 Boy Scout Handbook Chapter 9 pages 224-227 Camping Merit Badge Book Troop 179 Website Scouting Skills section Camping equipment stores/websites
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Waterproof boots
Gloves or mittens appropriate to the season Bandana(s) Small closed-cell foam sitting pad Personal hygiene items toothbrush, tooth paste, deodorant, soap packaged for the bear bag as necessary Flashlight with extra bulb and batteries Pocket knife Boy Scout knife Nylon sack for smellables the bear bag
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Fleece pants
Pair of light gloves or mittens mittens are recommended Iodine water purification tablets Balaclava Sunglasses
Bandannas
Extra water bottle Extra pair of eyeglasses, if needed Repair kit for stove Chemical heat packs Trekking poles Extra trash bag to store boots inside tent Chemical (air activated) hand warmers Thanks to Tom Thomas
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Food Storage
Weather
Keep foods the require refrigeration at home cool while camping
Dairy products, meats, eggs, cheese
Animals
Keep foods in hard containers such as coolers, chuck box, food box or the car but remember about refrigeration Use a bear bag when in the backcountry
All food and smellables go in at night Suspend on rope between two trees Soak the bear bag in Lysol concentrate and let dry the taste discourages even the most persistent squirrel
Contamination
Use multiple layers of plastic bags Store / carry potential contaminants like stove fuel and soap separately
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Let stoves cool before handling or storing Do not use stoves in enclosed spaces tents, cabins
Flames and fumes
Use on level surfaces, do not overload with heavy pots Never leave a lit stove unattended Dont burn leaves, twigs ect on the stove
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Kerosene
REI www.REI.com
Learning and Sharing section Select Camping and Hiking Checklists, equipment comparisons