Environmental Pollution

[Unit-4]

Presented By:Sourabh Kumar Kushwaha 2011MCA020

Environmental Pollution:
The term pollution refers to the act of contaminating ones environment by introducing certain hazardous contaminants that disturb the ecosystem and directly or indirectly affect the living organisms of that ecosystem. Pollution in general is the activity of disturbing the natural system and balance of and environment. The increase in the pollution over the years by man has caused severe damage to the earths ecosystem. It is responsible for global warming which is leading to the end if all the lives on earth. Over the years there is an extreme increase in the rate of human diseases, and death rate of various animals and plants on earth, and that is all because of the pollution caused by man himself.

Types Of Pollution

Air

Pollution Water Pollution Noise Pollution Land Pollution Radio Active Pollution Thermal Pollution

Air Pollution

Definition
Air pollution may be defined as the presence in the air (outdoor atmosphere) of one or more contaminants or combinations thereof in such quantities and of such durations as may be or tend to be injurious to human, animal or plant life, or property, or which unreasonably interferes with the comfortable enjoyment of life or property or conduct of business.

Air pollution is perhaps the most common and the most dangerous type of pollution. It involves the direct release of chemicals into the environment. The chemicals then become the part of the air around us that all the living things take in. The increase in the rate of diseases such as asthma and lung cancer today is due to the increase in the air pollution around us. Air pollution is also a cause of global warming and acid rain.

Air Pollutant
It is a substance or effect dwelling temporarily or permanently in the air , which adversely alters the environment by interfering with the health, the comfort, or the food chain, or by interfering with the property values of people. A pollutant can be solid (large or sub-molecular), liquid or gas . It may originate from a natural or anthropogenic source (or both). It is estimated that anthropogenic sources have changed the composition of global air by less than 0.01%. However, it is widely accepted that even a small change can have a significant adverse effect on the climate, ecosystem and species on the planet. Examples of these are acid rain, ozone in the lower atmosphere, and photochemical smog.

Causes of Air Pollution

Major sources of Air Pollution - Industries -Automobiles and Domestic fuels -High Proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide

Basically the air pollution is caused by the burning of fuel that directly releases hazardous chemicals into the air.
For e.g. : The burning of coal releases sulphur dioxide, a poisonous gas which is responsible for acid rain. The sources of such chemicals are the large factories, smoke from the vehicles, chimneys and burning of wood.

Air Pollution Pictures

Effects of Air Pollution

Air Pollution affects???
Human Animals Plants The

health

atmosphere as a whole

How to Avoid Air Pollution

Yes, we can avoid pollution As Follows

Use natural Gases, like lpg autos Do not Burst Crackers Use less Amount of Fuel for Vehicles Avoid using and use electric stoves (bio gas)

Water Pollution

Water Gods Valuable Gift

Definition of Water Pollution

The Contamination of water with undesirable substances which make it unfit for usage is termed water Pollution.

Causes of Water Pollution

About

40% of Deaths worldwide are caused by Water Pollution. Water Pollution is Caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and affluents discharged into rivers. Noise also causes anxiety stress reacation and fright.

Water Pollution Pictures

Effects of Water Pollution

Diseases

like Cholera

Malaria
Typhoid

(spread during the rainy season ) Aquatic life gets destroyed

How to Avoid Water Pollution

Rivers

should not be used for washing clothes or bathing animals in. Harvesting of Rainwater to meet water requirements. Dams &embankments must be created. The rivers must not be contaminated. In sacred river like Ganga the dead bodies shouldnt thrown.

Noise Pollution

NOISELESS ATMOSPHERE
Noise

can be simply defined as unwanted sound. The sound is pleasant or not depends upon its loudness, duration, rhythm and the mood of the person. Noise pollution not only results in irritation and anger.

Causes of Noise Pollution

Traffic

Noise Air craft Noise Noise from construction and civil engineering works. Noise from the Industries. Noise from other sources.

 Picture

See what is this?

shows :

Noise Pollution

Effects of Noise Pollution

Hearing

Loss High Blood Pressure Stress Sleep Disturbance Colour Blindness

How to Avoid Noise Pollution

The

Government should ensure the new machines that Should be noise proof. Air ports must be away from residential area. The Sound horn symbol is to be in School Roads.

Prevention of Noise Pollution

Pleasant

Home We need to talk sweetly to others. Talk Less Work More. Sound affects our ears so loud noise should be avoided.

Land Pollution

Definition of Land Pollution

One

fourth of area is covered by land is Called Land.

Land

is a earth which is occupied by people for shelter, occuption etc..,

Causes of Land Pollution

We can classify major sources that lead to land following Categories Mining and quarrying Sewage waste Household Garbage Industrial Waste

Land pollution pictures

Prevention of Land Pollution

More

and more land should be brought under farming Trees should be planted everywhere. Waste matter should be disposed immediately Avoid drilling the Land for more underground water. Avoid using more fertilizers and Pesticides.

Effects of Land Pollution

The

Land Cannot be construct house Man cannot be farming Ground water will gets Affected House hold Garbage like putting Plastics

Radio Active Pollution

Definition of Radio Active Pollution

Despite

the Advantage of nuclear as a clean energy, the big concern is the resulted from nuclear reaction, which is a form of pollution called Radio activity. (Laser-Rays) will from Radio Active Pollution.

Radiation

Causes of Radio Active Pollution

Nuclear

power plants(Ex: Neyveli, Kalpakkam) Nuclear Weapon(Ex: Missiles) Disposal of Nuclear Waste Uranium Mining

Effects Of Radio Active Pollution

The

Diseases include blood in cough Ulcer Swelling of bone joints Cancer Lung Cancer Skin Cancer Bone Cancer Eye Problems

How to Prevent of Radio Active Pollution

Avoid

Plants Avoid Using Nuclear Weapon Have Proper Treatment for Nuclear Waste Avoid mining for Uranium to a minimal

Constructing Nuclear Power

Thermal Pollution

What is Thermal Pollution?

Increase

in the normal temperatures of natural waters caused by intervention of human activities.

Major Causes
Nuclear

power plants Deforestation Soil erosion

Nuclear Power Plants

Nuclear

power plants use water as a cooling agent. After the water is used, it is put back into a water supply at 9-20oC warmer

Deforestation
The

decrease in vegetation increases the amount of light that hits the water, which increases the temperature of the water Deforestation also increases erosion

Soil Erosion
Erosion

makes the water muddy, which increases the light absorbed

Effects of Increased Water Temperature

Thermal

shock aquatic life adapted to a certain water temperature can go into shock when the temp is changed even 1 or 2 degrees. Oxygen dissolved in water decreases Increases the rate of photosynthesis, which increases the amount of plant growth Increases the metabolic rate of fish, which increases their need for oxygen

Possible Solutions
Energy chips (Energy Ciptm) Desalination plants (what problems

this lead to?) Less nuclear power (what are some alternatives?) End shoreline deforestation Prevent soil erosion (what are some methods?) Extra Credit type a 1-2 page paper on one of these topics. Include references. Due March 1st.

can

Thank You