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MULLAPERIYAR MULLAPERIYAR DAM ISSUE DAM ISSUE

By
SOP 12 Alex George Aparna Mohan Click to edit Master subtitle style Bijesh S.B Geethu K.Ravi Rahul P.M Vinayak S.L
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MULLAPERIYAR DAM

It is constructed over the headwaters of the Periyar River in 1895 in Idukki District of Kerala Periyar National Park, Thekkady is located near the Periyar reservoir formed by the backwaters of this dam. name is derived from a portmanteau of Mullaiyar and Periyar. 1886 a lease for 999 years was made between Maharaja of Travancore and Madras presidency dam was built by British Army Engineering corps under the supervision of Benny Cook.
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situated The The In

The

Cont
By

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another agreement in 1970, Tamil Nadu was permitted to generate power also. dam stops the west flowing river to form a reservoir, exclusively located in Kerala. From the reservoir, Tamil Nadu collects water to the eastern side of Western Ghats via a tunnel. Badly needed for the arid lands of Theni, Ramanathapuam, Sivaganga and Madurai Districts of Tamil Nadu. water from the Mullaperiyar Dam reaches to Idukki Dam,kulamavu dam and cheruthoni dam. Idukki dam is the biggest hydel power reservoir in Kerala and a major producer of Electricity in the State.

The

The

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MULLAPERIYAR DISPUTE
Grand has

DAM

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example for inter basin water transfer is stored up to a height of 136 feet only

a height of 155 feet(47.24m)

water

against

the protest of neighboring State of Tamil Nadu which demands to store water up to 142 feet(41 to 43m). Kerala government has opposed this move, considering the safety issues more than hundred year old bridge and thickly populated 4 districts downstream than 5million people will be wiped out the
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The

More

Historical background of the dispute

The

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project came into being after the Madras government entered into an agreement with Travancore state in 1886 right to divert "all the waters" of the Mullaperiyar and its catchment to British territory for 999 years. the use of waters of the river flowing through the tract for irrigation purposes by diversion. Independence, both the entities became non-existent. between British Government and
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gave

and

After

treaties

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Cont..
Subsequently,

a supplement to the principal agreement was signed in May 1970 by both parties to enable the use of the waters for power generation by TN. from both states are reaping the benefits of this century-old inter basin water transfer. 1979, the dam showed signs of distress necessitating urgent repairs down to 136 ft the water level was brought
66

people

In

Consequently

After

the requisite repairs were completed, TN wanted the water level to be raised to 152 ft

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CURRENT STATUS
Supreme

Court has allowed for the storage level to be raised to 142feet(2006). enacted a new "Dam Safety Act" against increasing the storage level of the dam Kerala did not object giving water to Tamil Nadu. main cause of objection is the dams safety as it is as old as 115 years. the level would add more pressure to be handled by already leaking dam.So we need to construct a new dam
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Kerala

But

Their

Increasing

Cont
Tamil

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Nadu want to increase the water level to 142feet and Forests ministry of India granted environmental clearance to Kerala for conducting survey for new dam. argued that if Mullaperiyar is an interstate, the SC has no jurisdiction to intervene in the issue . to this agreement, only the dam area is leased to Tamil Nadu, and water is not leased. also argues that if the water level is increased to 142 feets, wide forest areas that are inhabited by conserved flora and fauna

Environment

Kerala

According

Kerala

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Cont
Tamil

Nadu also asserted that Mullaperiyar is not an interstate river, Tamil Nadu counsel argued that Kerala has an motive to make a new dam and keep it under its control. Nadu fears that the water supply will be restricted if Kerala builds a new dam and controls it. has called for a road blockade on May 28 to stop transport of food grains, vegetables and milk to Kerala to protest its proposal to construct a new dam in place of the Mullaperiyar dam.

The

Tamil

MDMK,

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Cont
On

18 February 2010, the Supreme Court decided to constitute a five-member empowered committee to study all the issues of Mullaperiyar Dam and seek a report from it within six months. Bench in its draft order said Tamil Nadu and Kerala would have the option to nominate a member each, who could be either a retired judge or a technical expert. five-member committee will be headed by former Chief Justice of India A. S. Anand to go into all issues relating to the dam's safety and the storage level.
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The

The

Cont
Consisting

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of D.R. Rajpal Singh, J.Director of CWPRS,Senior research officials Pankajkumar, Vythriy, Rizwas Ali, Cauvery Water Tribunal technical committee member Siva Subramanyam. details from inaccessible areas by using expert deep water swimmers & underwater cameras. committees have to give report to supreme court regarding the settlement of issues prevailing between Kerala & Tamilnadu

Collect

These

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KERALAS STAND ON THE ISSUE

Collapse

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of the dam will create the greatest man-made disaster does not want to raise the level of water from 136 cft to 142cft. existing dam is in an area prone to earthquakeIIT-Roorkee report, IIScBangalore seeks to own and operate a new Dam.
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Kerala

The

Kerala

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Cont
Even

after the new construction, the water supply to TN from the old structure would continue is not inspections cooperating with Kerala in

TN

Tamil

Nadu officials did not permit the Kerala engineer to carry out his duty. Nadu did not respond to the letters from
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Tamil

TAMILNADUS STAND ON THE ISSUE

The

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attitude of the Kerala government is a danger to TN want to abort the existing water sharing agreement wont be able to provide water to Tamil Nadu from the new structure. does not utilize water wisely whereas Tamil nadu use it judicially. of Mullaperiyar dam will make 4 districts in TN deserts.
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Kerala

Kerala

Kerala

Demolition

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Cont
Unilateral

movement by Kerala Govt. to ascertain the safety of the dam tries to hinder implementation of Supreme Court verdict, 2006- by the amendment of State Irrigation and Water Conservation Act, 2003 need of a new dam. The existing dam itself is safe.

Kerala

No

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MULLAPERIYAR DAM : A TIME BOMB

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The

Mullapperiyar dam is one of the oldest dams in operation in the World. Dam was built on a technology available 115 years ago. for the people of Kerala the danger from the Mullaperiyar Dam is real and serious. Nadu which demands to store water up to 142 feet. The Kerala Government cannot do that on account of the structural weakness of the Dam.
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The

As

Tamil

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IIT Delhi conducted a study which stated that the dam safety would be affected even at a level of 136ft (41 m). IIT Roorkee conducted structural stability study on the Reservoir and found that the structure would not be safe in the event of an earthquake Dam is situated in a quake prone area
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The 20

mild tremors were reported this year alone and the latest was a few days ago

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Idukki

Dam is just 30 Kms away from Mullaperyar. water from the Mullaperyar Dam reaches to Idukki Dam, the biggest hydel power reservoir in Kerala and a major producer of Electricity in the State Our nation has been famous for post mortem for any disaster than proactive measures to prevent them

The

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If

Tamil Nadu has to go without water, naturally Kerala will have to go without food. The day the Mullaperiyar dam is demolished, national integration will be in question and any emotional outburst will have serious chain reactions on both sides.

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Failure of dam also occur due to the following causes:

1.Liquefaction of the materials used in the dam. 2.Liquefaction in the foundation soil. 3.Inability to estimate performance of the dam and foundation characteristics by comparison with case histories of dam failures.

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4.Slope failures induced by ground motions 5.Sliding of the dam on weak foundation materials
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6.Disruption of dam by major fault movement in the foundation 7.Loss of freeboard due to slope failures or soil compaction 8.Piping failure through cracks induced by the ground motions 9.Overtopping of dam due to slides into the reservoir 10.Overtopping of dam due to failure of spillway or failure of dams upstream

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SOLUTION TO THE ISSUE

According

to the views of govt. & experts the only solution is to built a new dam for preventing the greatest man made disaster ever level is to be maintained below 136 ft. till a new dam is built released is to be measured and priced
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Reservoir

Water

anew

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conclusion

For commissioning a new dam in mullaperiyar the paper works are going on, but the earthquakes have no paper works to do before they hit at a target

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