In the name of Allah The most Beneficent and the most Merciful

STATISTICS & INFERENCE REPORT

Analysis on Reliable ISP in Karachi

Submitted to:

Sir Rizwan Farooqui

Submitted by:
WAHID JILANI 55301

M. KHIZER HAYAT MIRZA ATIF BAIG FAHAD SEHGAL MUHAMMAD MUDASSIR MUHAMMAD MOHSIN

55588 55383 55540 55368 55349

PTCL Broadband is the largest and the fastest growing Broadband service in Pakistan. Since its launch on 19th May 2007, PTCL has acquired 730,000 Broadband customers in over 1000 cities and towns across Pakistan, leading the proliferation and awareness of Broadband services across Pakistan.

Wateen Telecom delivers complete solutions for Internet, Voice, Multimedia and Enterprise Solutions that make it the most comprehensive provider for all of Pakistans communication necessities. An Abu Dhabi Group venture, Wateens vision is to take Pakistan into the digital revolution of the 21st Century and to make Pakistan a regional communications hub, connecting the East with the West and Central Asia with the Middle East.

WorldCall Telecom Limited (WTL), an Oman Telecommunications Company (Omantel), is the most reliable and unique telecom and multimedia service provider in Pakistan. WorldCall launched its business in June 1996 with payphone operations.

OBJECTIVE STUDY ABOUT THE RELIABILITY OF INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS (ISPs) IN KARACHI

Reliability depends on many factors. For ISP company, it depends on:

Goodwill of the company in the market, Fast speed of internet at low/ affordable charges with consistent connectivity and satisfied customer services, etc.

For our study we asked Ten (10) Questions related to user choices, preferences and facilities which they often demand from any ISP. The data was collected by using Facebook. Following are the Questions which help us to identify the most Reliable ISP.

1) Gender 2) Age 3) If you have an offer to get DSL (or Internet) connection, which company connection would you prefer ? 4) How much Speed you will prefer? 5) How much maximum amount would you like to pay? 6) Which type payment mode would you like to pay (post pay or prepay) 7) How many hours you use internet in a week? 8) How many computers or devices would you like to use? 9) Would you like to recommend your DSL connection to others? 10) Are you satisfy with customer support services?

SAMPLE DATA

S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Q 1. MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE MALE MALE FEMALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE MALE MALE MALE FEMALE FEMALE MALE MALE FEMALE MALE

Q 2. 28 21 25 22 18 19 26 25 22 19 20 18 18 22 28 24 22 19 20 18 18 22 25 24 22 19 24 21 19 19 27

Q 3. PTCL PTCL WORLDCALL WORLDCALL PTCL WORLDCALL PTCL WORLDCALL WATEEN PTCL WATEEN PTCL WATEEN PTCL WATEEN PTCL WATEEN PTCL WATEEN WATEEN PTCL PTCL WATEEN PTCL WATEEN PTCL PTCL PTCL WORLDCALL WORLDCALL PTCL

Q 4. 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB 1 MB 2 MB 2 MB 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 1 MB 2 MB 1 MB 2 MB 1 MB Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.

Q 5. 1,200 840 1,800 2,400 840 1,800 1,200 1,800 1,500 1,200 1,500 1,400 799 840 799 840 799 1,200 799 1,500 840 840 799 840 799 840 840 1,400 1,800 1,400 840

Q 6. Postpay Postpay Postpay Prepay Postpay Postpay Postpay Postpay Prepay Postpay Prepay Postpay Postpay Postpay Prepay Postpay Postpay Postpay Prepay Prepay Postpay Postpay Prepay Prepay Postpay Postpay Postpay Postpay Prepay Prepay Postpay

Q 7. 20 25 30 20 21 22 20 19 30 18 29 35 25 21 22 25 24 25 24 30 19 18 30 24 20 21 12 23 22 21 34

Q 8. 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Q 9. Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No

Q 10. Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

SUMMARY OF SAMPLE DATA

Company PTCL WATEEN WORLD CALL Male 29 16 07 Female 14 07 07 Total 43 23 14 Realative %tage 53.75% 28.75% 17.50% Mean 1,055 939 1,700 Median 840 799 1,800 Variance 95,322 72,655 78,462 S.D 309 270 280 Min 840 799 1,400 Max 1,999 1,500 2,400

52

28

80

Company PTCL WATEEN WORLD CALL

Male 29 16 07

Female 14 07 07

Total 43 23 14

Realative %tage 53.75% 28.75% 17.50%

Mean 1,055 939 1,700

Median 840 799 1,800

Variance 95,322 72,655 78,462

S.D 309 270 280

Min 840 799 1,400

Max 1,999 1,500 2,400

52

28

80

MEAN World Call 1700 PTCL 1055

Wateen 939

Company

Male

Female

Total

Realative %tage

Mean

Median

Variance

S.D

Min

Max

PTCL
WATEEN WORLD CALL

29
16 07

14
07 07

43
23 14

53.75%
28.75% 17.50%

1,055
939 1,700

840
799 1,800

95,322
72,655 78,462

309
270 280

840
799 1,400

1,999
1,500 2,400

52

28

80

MEDAIN
PTCL 840 WarldCall 1800

Wateen 799

Company PTCL WATEEN WORLD CALL

Male 29 16 07

Female 14 07 07

Total 43 23 14

Realative %tage 53.75% 28.75% 17.50%

Mean 1,055 939 1,700

Median 840 799 1,800

Variance 95,322 72,655 78,462

S.D 309 270 280

Min 840 799 1,400

Max 1,999 1,500 2,400

52

28

80

Variance PTCL 95 WarldCall 78

Wateen 72

Company PTCL WATEEN WORLD CALL

Male 29 16 07

Female 14 07 07

Total 43 23 14

Realative %tage 53.75% 28.75% 17.50%

Mean 1,055 939 1,700

Median 840 799 1,800

Variance 95,322 72,655 78,462

S.D 309 270 280

Min 840 799 1,400

Max 1,999 1,500 2,400

52

28

80

Standard Devaition WarldCall 280 PTCL 309

Wateen 270

Company PTCL WATEEN WORLD CALL

Male 29 16 07

Female 14 07 07

Total 43 23 14

Realative %tage 53.75% 28.75% 17.50%

Mean 1,055 939 1,700

Median 840 799 1,800

Variance 95,322 72,655 78,462

S.D 309 270 280

Min 840 799 1,400

Max 1,999 1,500 2,400

52

28

80

Minimum WarldCall 1400 PTCL 840 WarldCall 2400

Maximum PTCL 1,999

Wateen 799

Wateen 1500

CONFIDENCE OF INTERVAL FOR PROPORTION Objective: To construct a 95% Confidence Interval of population proportion of users who are using internet connection of PTCL, Worldcall and Wateen respectively.

Data and Sample Size: The data is primary and has been collected through survey from facebook. A sample of 80 individuals was taken.

Sampling technique: The sampling technique that was used in the survey is Convenience Sampling. We have used sample data from Question 5. Statistical Method: We have applied Confidence interval for a population proportion at 95% level of confidence interval.

Statistical Method: We have applied Confidence interval for a population proportion at 95% level of confidence interval. Data:
Variable PTCL WORLDCALL WATEEN Sampe Size, n = No. of user 43 14 23 80 Relative ratio 0.5375 0.175 0.2875

Z value = 1.96

Formula:

Calculation:
PTCL ( 0.5375 ) + ( 1.960) (0.5375) ( 1 - 05375 ) 80 WORLDCALL ( 0.175 ) + ( 1.960) ( 0.175 ) (1 - 0.175 ) 80

0.428 < p < 0.6465

0.0917 < p < 0.2582

WATEEN ( 0.2875 ) + ( 1.960) ( 0.2875 ) (1 - 0.2875 ) 80

0.18832 < p < 0.386

Conclusion: Hence with 95% confidence the true percentage of internet users of PTCL is 42.18% to 64.65%, Worldcall is 9.17 % to 25.82% and Wateen is 18.83% to 38.6% in Karachi

HYPOTHESIS TESTING (Individually) Objective: The objective of this test is to find out the average used of internet (in hrs) in a day by Karachi users. Sample Size, Data: Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) Primary Used Sample data from question # 7 Sampling Technique: Convenience sampling has been used Statistical method: The method we have used is Hypothesis Testing.

Problem: The researcher claims that the average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hours in a day To test the claim, Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at =0.05.

Data:

Parameters
Sample Size ( n ) Mean Mean () (X) Standard deviation ( s ) 43

PTCL
14

WORDLCALL

WATEEN
23 3.66 hrs 1.25 3 hrs

3.52 hrs 0.957 3 hrs

3.19 hrs 1.316 3 hrs

Test: Two tailed test. Step 1 Ho : The average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day. (claim) HA : The average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day. Step 2 Since = 0.05 and critical values are +- 1.960 ( PTCL) , +-2.145 ( Worldcall) and +- 2.069 (Wateen).

Step 3 Formula :

**When n < 30, t distribution would be used instead of z. The formula would changed to t .

Calculation:

PTCL z = 3.52 - 3 0.957 43 3.563 t =

WORLDCALL 3.19 - 3 1.316 14 0.540

z =

t =

Reject H o
WATEEN t = 3.66 - 3 1.25 23 2.532

Accept H o

t =

Reject H o

Step 4 Decision Rule:

Two tailed test

Step 5:
Conclusion For PTCL and Wateen Since Z value lies in the rejection region, hence reject Ho and accept HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day. For Worldcall Since Z value lies in the acceptance region, hence accept Ho and reject HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day.

HYPOTHESIS TESTING (Collectively)

Objective: The objective of this test is to find out the average used of internet (in hrs) in a day by Karachi users. Sample Size, Data: Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) Primary Used Sample data from question # 7 Sampling Technique: Convenience sampling has been used Statistical method: The method we have used is Hypothesis Testing. Problem: The researcher claims that the average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hours in a day To test the claim, Is there enough evidence to reject the claim at =0.05.

Data: Sample Size ( n ) Mean (X) Standard deviation ( s ) Mean () Test: Two tailed test.

80
3.50 7.718 3 hrs

Step 1 Ho : The average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day. (claim) HA : The average used of internet in Karachi is not 3 hrs in a day. Step 2 Since = 0.05 and critical values are 1.960 Step 3
Formula :

Z=
**When n < 30, t distribution would be used instead of z. The formula
would changed to t .

Calculation:

Z =

Step 4 Decision Rule:

Two tailed test

0.580

Step 5: Conclusion For ALL Since Z value lies in the acceptance region, hence accept Ho and reject HA. Now we can say that average used of internet in Karachi is 3 hrs in a day.

TEST FOR INDEPENDENCE

Objective: The objective of this test is to find the association between the age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the Internet Service. Sample size was 80 and frequency distribution was used for the independence test.
Age
799-1200 18-20 13 1201-1600

Price
1600 and + Total

21-22
23-25 26-30

11
21 7 52

14.3 13.65 16.25 7.8

6
2 4 18

4.95 4.725 5.625 2.7

4
2 1 10

2.75 2.625 3.125 1.5

22

21
25 12 80

E= E1 = 14.3 E2 = 4.95 E3 = 2.75 E4 = 13.65 E5 = 4.725 E6 = 2.625 E7 = 16.25 E8 = 5.625 E9 = 3.125 E10 = 7.8 E11 = 2.7 E12 = 1.5

Statistic Formula:

0.118 0.227 0.022

1.388 2.336

0.405

0.514 0.344

0.082
0.812

0.720 The sum of all the Chi-Square values: 7.134

0.166

State the hypotheses: Ho : There is no association between age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the internet service. HA : There is association between age of the consumers and the amount they pay against the internet service.

Critical Region: Reject Ho if:

> >

0.05 , 6

V=(r-1)(c-1) v=(4-1)(3-1) v=(3)(2) = 6

= 12.59

Graph:

Conclusion: Do not reject Ho as it does not lie in the critical region and conclude that there is no association of age to the amount that is paid against the Internet Service.

GOODNESS OF FIT TEST

Objective : To see whether a frequency distribution fits a specific pattern

Sample Size, Data: Sample Size: 80 (PTCL 43, Wateen 23, Worldcall 14) Primary Used Sample data from question # 3 & 10
Sampling Technique: Convenience sampling has been used Data: CLAIM A CEO of Internet company wishes to know that whether customers show any preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP)?. The samples of 80 observations were taken from Question 3 and 10 and let Alpha value is 0.05. No. of subscribers PTCL WATEEN 43 23

WORLDCALL 14

Solution: Step 1 State the hypotheses: Ho : Customers does not show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP) (Claim) HA : Customers show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider (ISP) If there were no preference, one would expect each frequency to be selected with equal frequency. In this case 80/4 = 26.666 PTCL 43 26.66 WATEEN 23 26.66 WORLDCALL 14 26.66

Observed value Expected value

Step 2 Find the critical value. The degree of freedom are (c-1) = 3 - 1 = 2 and the critical value from Chi-square table is = 5.991 at alpha is 0.05. Step 3 Formula for test value: = (O E) 2 E X = (43 26.66)2 + ( 23 26.66) 2 + ( 14 26.66) 2 26.66 26.66 26.66 = 16.529

Step 4 GRAPH

Right - Tailed - Test

Make the decision. The decision is to reject null hypothesis, since 16.5291 > 5.991 Step 5 CONCLUSION The value lies in rejection region so reject Ho and accept HA, it can be concluded that Customers does not show equal preference while selecting Internet Service Provider. So Test is Not a good fit.

CONCLUSION We can say PTCL is a most reliable ISP in Karachi Because the company is offering some unique services as compared to competitors. Like DSL, Smart TV and Land line in ONE connection and also offering fast internet speed with consistent connectivity and also maintaining satisfied customer services. The most important benefit for student is 30% reduction on internet charges.

REFERENCES WWW.FACEBOOK.COM WWW.GOOGLE.COM WWW.GEO.TV WWW.PTCL.COM.PK WWW.WORLDCALL.COM.PK WWW.WATEEN.COM Statistics for Business and Economics 6th Edition by PAUL NEW BOLD