FOOT ANATOMY

Bone Anatomy

Tarsal Bones

Calcaneus

Sustentaculum Tali Peroneal Tubercle

Cuboid Navicular 3 Cuneiforms 5 metatarsals 5 phalanges (proximal, middle, distal)

Division of the Foot

Rearfoot Midfoot Forefoot

Hindfoot (Rearfoot)

Subtalor Joint
Talus and calcaneus articulation Individual Bone Formation

Calcaneus

Calcaneal Tuberosity Sustentaculum Tali Three facets Five functional articulation

Inferior Talus

Midfoot

Composed of
Navicular 3 cuneiforms cuboid

Forefoot

5 MTs
Proximally 1-3 articulate with cuneiforms Proximally 4-5 articulate with cuboid Bases articulate with:

Phalanges

Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Subtalor Joint
Three facets Motions of the Subtalor Joint

Supination Components Pronation Components

WB vs NWB Status of Foot at Subtalor joint

Hindfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Subtalor Joint

Ligamentous Support Intra-articular Ligaments Interosseous Talocalcaneal Ligamentum Cervis Medial Talocalcaneal Lateral Talocalcaneal

Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Six Joints

Talocalcaneonavicular Calcaneocuboid Cuboideonavicular Intercuneiform Cuneocuboid Cuneonavicular

Comprised by calcaneocuboid & talonavicular

Transverse Tarsal

Stability Related to subtalor joint

Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Ligamentous Support

Talocalcaneonavicular Joint

Plantar Calcaneonavicular (Spring Ligament) Talonavicular Bifurcate

Calcaneonavicular Calcaneocuboid

Calcaneocuboid Joint

Bifurcate Ligament

Calcaneocuboid portion

Plantar Calcaneocuboid Long Plantar Ligament

Midfoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Ligamentous Support

Intercuneiform Joints

Dorsal and Plantar Intercuneifrom Ligaments Plantar and Dorsal Cuneocuboid Ligaments Plantar and Dorsal Cuneonavicular Ligaments

Cuneocuboid

Cuneonavicular Joints

Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Tarsometatarsal Joint (Lisfrancs Joint) Intermetatarsal Joint Metatarsalphalange al Joint (MTP) Interphalangeal Joint
PIP DIP

Forefoot Articulations and Ligamentous Support

Ligamentous Suppor
Intermetatarsal Joint

Proximal Distal Plantar Fascia Plantar Ligament MCL and LCL

MTP Joints

Interphalangeal Joints

Plantar and dorsal join capsule MCL and LCL

Arches of the Foot

Function Medial Longitudinal Arch Lateral Longitudinal Arch Transverse Arch

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch

Calcaneus Talus Navicular 1-3 cuneiforms 1-3 MTs Function

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued

Ligament Support

Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued

Ligament Support

Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued

Ligament Support

Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued

Ligament Support

Plantar Calcaneonavicular Long Plantar Lig Deltoid Plantar fascia

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued

Muscular Support

Intrinsic

Abductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Anterior Flexor Digitorm Longus

Extrinsic

Arches of the Foot

Medial Longitudinal Arch continued

Muscular Support

Intrinsic

Abductor Hallucis Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Tibialis Posterior Flexor Hallucis Longus Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibialis Anterior Flexor Digitorm Longus

Extrinsic

Arches of the Foot

Lateral Longitudinal Arch

Composed of

Calcaneus Cuboid 4-5th MTs

Ligament Support

Long & Short Plantar Plantar Fascia

Arches of the Foot

Lateral Longitudinal Arch continued

Muscle Support

Intrinsic

Abductor Digiti Minimi Flexor Digitorum Brevis Peroneus Longus, Brevis & Tertius

Extrinisic

Summary of Arches

Arches of the Foot

Transverse Arch

Formed By: Ligament Support

Intermetatarsal Ligaments Plantar Fascia All intrinsic muscles Extrinisic

Muscle Support

Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Anterior Peroneus Longus

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Superficial Layer
Abductor Hallucis Abductor Digiti Minimi Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Middle Layer
Quadratus Plantae Lumbricales

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Deep Layer
Flexor Hallucis Brevis Adductor Hallucis

Transverse and Oblique Heads

Flexor Digiti Minimi

Foot Muscles Plantar Surface

Interosseus Layer
Plantar Interossei Dorsal Interossei

Foot Muscles Dorsal Surface

Extensor Digitorum Brevis Extensor Hallucis Brevis