DIAMOND CHIP

TO OVERCOM E THE DEFECTS OF SILICON CHIP

-BY
NAVEEN KANT SINGH

INTRODUCTION:
Electronics without silicon is unbelievable, but it will come true with evolution of diamond or carbon chips.

Now-a-days we are using silicon for manufacturing of

electronic chips.

It has many disadvantages when it used in power electronic

applications such as bulk size, slow operating speed etc.

By using carbon as manufacturing material , we can achieve

smaller, faster and stronger chips.

Introduction Contd
Carbon, Silicon and Germanium belong They have four valance electrons in
their outer shell. to the same group in the periodic table.

Pure Silicon and Germanium are

semiconductor in normal temperature. widely for the manufacturing of electronic components.

So in earlier days they were used

Introduction Contd
But later it was found that Germanium has many So the industry focused in developing electronic
components using silicon wafers. disadvantages compared to Silicon such as reverse current, less stability towards temperature etc.

Now researchers found that carbon has more advantages

than Silicon such as thermal performance, frequency range, superconductivity. achieve smaller, faster and stronger chips.

By using carbon as the manufacturing material, we can

What is diamond chip ?

Diamond chip nothing but
carbon chip.

Carbon chip is a electronic chip

manufactured on a diamond structural carbon wafer. carbon is carbon nano tube (CNT).

The major component using

How is it possible ?
Firstly, diamond structural carbon is non-conducting in
nature.

To make it conducting- doping process is performed,

Boron- as the p-type doping agent Nitrogen- as the n-type doping agent.

This process is similar to Silicon chip manufacturing. But this process takes more time compared with that of
Silicon because it very difficult to diffuse through strongly bonded diamond structure.

INVENTION:
A diamond semiconductor operates on
81GHz frequency, and is more than twice the speed of earlier devices. and Telephone Corporation (NTT), Japan.

This is developed by Nippon Telegraph According to NTT, this latest

development will allow amplification from 30 to 300 GHz in the Millimeter waveband, possible for the first time.

ADVANTAGES:
Smaller Component Are Possible It Works At High Temperature Faster Than Silicon Chip Largest Power Handling Capacity

Advantages contd..
Smaller Components Are Possible

As the size of the carbon atom is small

compared with that of silicon atom, it is possible to cut very smaller lines through diamond structural carbon.

We can realize a transistor whose size is

one hundredth of silicon transistor.

Advantages contd
It Works At High Temperature
Diamond is very strongly bonded material. It can
withstand high temperatures compared with that of silicon. collapse. But diamond chip can function well in these elevated temperatures. any heat dissipation inside the chip, heat will very quickly transferred to the heat sink or other cooling mechanics.

At very high temperature, crystal structure of Silicon

Diamond is very good conductor of heat. So if there is

Contd
They can work at a temperature of up to
1000 degrees Celsius, while Silicon chips stop working above 150 degrees Celsius.

Diamond can also resist voltages up to

around 200 volts, while Silicon chip can resist up to 20 volts.

Advantages contd
Faster Than Silicon Chip

Mobility of the electrons inside the doped

diamond structural carbon is higher than that of in the silicon structure. carbon. So the chance of collision of electrons, with large silicon atoms increases as compared to carbon chip

As the size of Silicon is higher than that of

Advantages contd
Larger Power Handling Capacity
For power electronics application Silicon is used, but it has
many disadvantages such as bulk in size, slow operating speed, less efficiency, lower band gap etc. chip can work under the high power environments. power at the rate of 100 GHz. diamond chip.

Diamond has strongly bonded crystal structure. So carbon It is assume that carbon transistor will deliver one watt of We can directly connect high power circuits with a

LIMITATIONS:
Much more expensive than silicon. Electricity can not travel smoothly through
diamond.

CONCLUSION:
The chip would be most useful in devices
located near hot burning engines.

Thus diamond chip replaces the need of

Silicon chip in every aspect in future generations.

Thank you..!!!

QUERIES