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Reinforced Concrete Beam Design
AS3600 - 2009 (Incorporating Amendment 1, 2010 )
Warner, Rangan, Hall & Faulkes, Concrete Structures , Longman, Melbourne, 1999
Foster, Kilpatrick and Warner, Reinforced Concrete Basics 2E, Pearson Australia, 2010
Symbols and notation as generally used in AS3600.
For bending in rectangular beams including T and L beams
Section geometry including width and depth and for T and L beams dimensions of flange and cover
Material properties
Bending moment M* at a section
Area of reinforcement based on bar diameter and number of bars
For shear in beams
Section geometry including width and depth, cover and material properties
Fitment diameter
Area of tensile reinforcement at section where shear is to be checked
Ultimate design shear force at cross section being checked
Insert value of 1
Cross sectional area of shear reinforcement
For torsion in beams
Section geometry including width and depth, cover and material properties
Ultimate design actions including bending moment, shear force and torsional moment
Diameter and spacing of fitments, area and diameter of diameter of longitudinal flexural reinforcement
Cross sectional area of torsional reinforcement
Insert value of 1
For deemed to comply ratios for deflection for beams
Section geometry including width and depth, cover and material properties
Area longitudinal tensile reinforcement in compression reinforcement
Applied actions
Factor k1 for deflection
Mean value of the modulus of elasticity of the concrete at 28 days
Deflection limitations from table 2.3.2 of AS 3600
Where pink fill is used, it alerts designer to options or information
For flexure in rectangular beams including T and L beams
Area of reinforcement required
Maximum moment at k
uo
Minimum tensile reinforcement required
For shear in beams
Various values for shear parameters including the V
umax,
V
uc
, V
u.min
, and V
uc
Spacing of fitments required and the maximum spacing of fitments allowed
Checks for minimum reinforcement and spacing
For torsion in beams
Torsional modulus J
t
Various values for torsion parameters including the T
u.max,
T
uc
, T
u.min
, and T
uc
Various values for shear parameters including the V
u.max,
V
uc
, V
u.min
, and V
uc
Requirements or torsional reinforcement and additional longitudinal reinforcement
Checks that the diameter and the spacing of fitment is appropriate
For deemed to comply ratios for deflection for beams
Calculation on the ratio of compression reinforcement to tension reinforcement
Reinforcement ratio at the midspan
The total deflection ratio
The incremental deflection ratio
Provides summary of the results
For comments, corrections, suggestions or other feedback regarding this spread sheet,
please contact the CCAA
Version 1.1
Date 7/1/2012
Title :
General Description : Calculates tensile reinforcement requirements for a singly reinforced rectangular
Limitations : For rectangular sections or T or L beams only . Fitments are perpendicular only
Codes / Theoretical
Basis :
Calculates shear reinforcement requirements for a singly reinforced rectangular concrete
Calculates torsional reinforcement requirements for a singly reinforced rectangular
Calculates deemed-to-comply deflections for a reinforced rectangular concrete beam
Calculates tensile reinforcement requirements for a singly reinforced T or L concrete
Nomenclature :
Input :
Output : Boxed cells with green background calculated automatically using formulae.
Feedback :
Yellow cells require data input by designer
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Reinforced Rectangular Concrete Beam Design - Bending
Design for beams that are under reinforced
Data Input
Capacity Reduction Factor
Geometry & Material Properties
Width of rectangular section b 3408 mm f 0.8
Overall depth D
350
mm f'
c 25
MPa
Cover to fitments
30
mm f
sy 500
MPa
Effective depth d
300
mm k
uo 0.36
(Effective depth usually = D - cover to fitment - fitment size - distance Fitment diameter 10 mm
to the centroid of the tensile reo, rounded down to nearest 5mm )
Applied actions
Ultimate strength moment at section M* 303 kNm
Initial A
st
required for M* < fM
u
Nominal A
st.required
2,971 mm
2
This figure is a first approximation of the required reo
Iterate as required to get the area of reo required
Minimum A
st.
1670 mm
2
Proposed reinforcement arrangement (use minimum of 2 bars)
Suggested bar numbers & sizes for limit state requirement M* < fM
u
Bar size 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Area of bar mm2 113 201 314 452 616 804 1020 1260
Theoretical No. of bars 26.29 14.78 9.46 6.57 4.82 3.69 2.91 2.36
Number of bars required 27.0 15.0 10.0 7.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 (Note number of bars rounded up)
Area of bars mm2 Total 3051 3015 3140 3164 3080 3216 3060 3780 (Note areas of bars rounded up)
Number of bars required 26.0 14.0 9.0 6.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 (Note bars of number rounded down)
Area of bars mm2 Total 2938 2814 2826 2712 2464 2412 2040 2520 (Note areas of bars rounded down)
A
st.provided
3140 mm
2
Choose no of bars and area from above table and input it into the yellow box left. Use a minimum of 2 bars
Minimum A
st
for flexure 2,620 mm
2
(This area of reinforcement is based on interpolation)
Maximum A
st
for flexure k
uo
=0.36 13,296 mm
2
Design Calculations
Maximum Moment M
uo
at k
uo
= 0.36 Percentage
Check M
uo
=
2
f'
c
k
uo
(1-0.5 k
uo
) b d
2
fM
uo 1351 kNm M* < fM
u
OK 446%
A
st max
= 0.306 f'
c
/f
sy
b d A
st max
= 13,296 mm
2
Check Moment using stress blocks
Check M
u
= A
st
f
sy
d

(1- 0.5/2 (A
st
f
sy
/ (b d f'
c
)) = M* with A
st
=A
st.provided
fM
u 363.2
kNm M* < fM
u
OK
120%
Check M
u
= f'
c
k
u
(1-0.5 k
u
) bd
2
for concrete stress block fM
u 363.2 kNm M* < fM
u
OK 120%
Check k
u
calculated using provided A
st.provided
k
u 0.09
k
u0
0.36 OK
24%
Calculations (Table 2.2.2) with k
uo
=0.36
= (1.19 13k
uo
/12) = 0.80 limits 0.6 0.8
Calculations (Cl 8.1.3)
g = 1.05 - 0.007 f'
c
=
0.85 limits 0.67 g 0.85

2
= 1.0 0.003 f

c = 0.85 limits 0.67 2 0.85

Initial strength requirements
Requirements based on ultimate strength moment M* and d
Initial calculation of reo A
st
= M* / ( *f
sy
* 0.85 *d) =
2971 mm
2
Minimum strength requirements (Cl 8.1.6.1)
f'
ctf
= 0.6 ( f'
c
)
0.5
= 3.00 MPa
Deemed to comply A
st.min
= 0.2 ( D/d )
2
f'
ctf
/ f
sy
b
w
d = 1670 mm
2
A
stmin
OK 188%
< A
st provided
Results based on tensile reinforcement sizes chosen Ultimate Design Moment M* 303.0 kNm
Depth to neutral axis d
n 25.5
mm Actual bending capacity f M
u
363.2 kNm
Neutral axis parameter k
u 0.085
Reinforcement ratio p 0.003
Depth of compression block g k
u
d
21.7
mm Area of steel chosen A
st
3140 mm
2
d
b
D
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Reinforced Concrete T- or L- Beam Design - Bending
For beams that are under reinforced
Data Input
Capacity Reduction Factor
Geometry & Material Properties
Width of web b
w 340 mm f 0.8
Effective width of compression flange b
ef 1330 mm f'
c 15 MPa
Thickness of flange, t
f 270 mm f
sy 200 MPa
Overall depth D 930 mm k
uo 0.36
Bottom cover to fitments 30 mm Fitment diameter 12 mm
Effective depth d 875 mm
(Effective depth usually = D - cover to fitment - fitment size - distance WARNING fsy not to AS 3600
to the centroid of the tensile reo, rounded down to nearest 5mm ) WARNING f'c not to AS 3600
Applied actions
Ultimate strength moment at section M* 359 kNm
Initial A
st
required for M* < M
u
A
st.required
3,017 mm
2
This figure is a first approximation of the required reo.
For a T or L beam the reo required will probably be lower.
Approximate Strength requirements Iterate as required to get the area of reo required.
Requirements based on ultimate strength moment M* and d
Initial calculation of reo A
st
=M* / ( *f
sy
* 0.85 *d)
3,017 mm
2
Proposed reinforcement arrangement (use minimum of 2 bars)
Suggested bar numbers & sizes for limit state requirement M* < fM
u
Bar size 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Area of bar mm2 113 201 314 452 616 804 1020 1260
Theoretical No. of bars 26.70 15.01 9.61 6.67 4.90 3.75 2.96 2.39
Number of bars required 27.0 16.0 10.0 7.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 3.0 (Note number of bars rounded up)
Area of bars mm2 Total 3,051 3,216 3,140 3,164 3,080 3,216 3,060 3,780 (Note areas of bars rounded up)
Number of bars required 26.0 15.0 9.0 6.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 (Note bars of number rounded down)
Area of bars mm2 Total 2,938 3,015 2,826 2,712 2,464 2,412 2,040 2,520 (Note areas of bars rounded down)
A
st.provided
4,050 mm
2
Choose no of bars and area from above table and input it into the yellow box left. Use a minimum of 2 bars
Minimum A
st
for flexure 2,636 mm
2
For T or L beam with the Stress Block in the Flange Only
Minimum A
st
for flexure -3,430 mm
2
For T or L beam with the Stress Block in the Flange and Web. If negative do not use this value
Design Calculations
Check t A
st
* f
sy
/ (
2
* f'
c
* b
w
) Depth to neutral axis d
n
notional= 48 mm
Check if d
n
notional< t
f
DESIGN AS RECTANGULAR BEAM WITH THE
COMPRESSION STRESS BLOCK IN THE FLANGE
ONLY
Calculations as a Rectangular Beam
USE THIS CALCULATIONS FOR T OR L BEAM
WITH THE COMPRESSION STRESS BLOCK IN
THE FLANGE
Maximum Moment M
uo
at k
uo
=0.36 assuming a rectangular beam
Check M
uo
=
2
f'
c
k
uo
(1-0.5 k
uo
) b
w
d
2
M
uo
688 kNm
M* < M
uo
OK
192%
USE THIS CALCULATIONS FOR T OR L BEAM
WITH THE COMPRESSION STRESS BLOCK IN THE
FLANGE
Calculations as T or L Beam with Compression Stress Block in the Flange Only
Check Moment using stress blocks assuming a rectangular beam with part of the flange in compression
Compression force in flange C
f
C
f
=
2
f'
c
d
n
b
ef 810 kN
Tension force in reinforcing assuming it is at yield T T = A
st
f
sy 810 kN
d
n
=
T 56 mm

2
f'
c
b
w
Calculate Ultimate Moment M
u=
*T* (d-0.5 d
n
) 551.5 kNm
Check k
u
calculated using A
st.provided
k
u
0.06
Check M* < fM
u
OK 154%
Check k
u
< 0.36 OK 561%
D
d
b
w
b
ef
t
f
USE THIS CALCULATIONS FOR T OR L BEAM
WITH THE COMPRESSION STRESS BLOCK IN THE
FLANGE
Calculations as T or L Beam with Compression Stress Block in the Flange & Web
Compression force in flange outstand C
f
=
2
f'
c
t
f
(b
ef
- b
w
) 3408.075 kN
Tension force in reinforcing assuming it is at yield T =A
st
f
sy 810 kN
Compression force in web and flange equal to web width C
w
=( T - C
f
) -2598.075 kN
d
n
= T-C
f -705 mm

2
f'
c
b
w
Calculate Ultimate Moment M
u=
(C
f
(d-0.5t
f
) + C
w
(d-0.5 d
n
)) -423.9 kNm
Check k
u
calculated using A
st.provided
k
u -0.81
M* < fM
u
FAIL -118%
k
u
< 0.36 OK -224%
Calculations for both types of beam
Calculations (Table 2.2.2) with k
uo
=0.36
= (1.19 13k
uo
/12) = 0.80 limits 0.6 0.8
Calculations (Cl 8.1.3)
g = 1.05 - 0.007 f'
c
= 0.85 limits 0.67 g 0.85

2
= 1.0 0.003 f

c = 0.85 limits 0.67 2 0.85

Minimum strength requirements (Cl 8.1.6.1)
f'
ctf
= 0.6 ( f'
c
)
0.5
=
2.32
MPa
Deemed to comply A
st.min
= 0.2 ( D/d )
2
f'
ctf
/ f
sy
b
w
d =
781 mm
2
A
stmin
< A
st provided
OK
519%
Results based on reinforcement arrangement for a T or L Beam when the compression stress block is in the flange only
Depth to neutral axis d
n
56.2 mm Actual bending capacity M
u
551.5 kNm
Neutral axis parameter k
u
0.064 Reinforcement ratio p 0.014
Depth of compression block g dn 47.8 mm Area of steel chosen A
st
4050 mm
2
Results based on reinforcement arrangement for T or L beam when the compression stress block is in the flange and web
Depth to neutral axis d
n
-705.1 mm Actual bending capacity M
u
-423.9 kNm
Neutral axis parameter k
u
-0.806 Reinforcement ratio p 0.014
Depth of compression block g dn -599.3 mm Area of steel chosen A
st
4050 mm
2
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Reinforced Concrete Beam Design - Shear Cl 8.2 (Design shear force at a cross section)
Data Input Capacity Reduction Factor
Geometry & Material Properties
Width, b
v
=

effective width for shear Cl 8.2.6
500 mm f 0.7
Depth, D 700 mm f'
c 25 MPa
Bottom cover to fitments 50 mm f
sy.f 500 MPa
Depth d
o
to centroid of outermost layer of reo
615 mm
(Depth d
o
usually = D - cover to fitment - fitment size - distance Fitment diameter 12 mm
to the centroid of the outermost layer of tensile reo, rounded down to nearest 5mm )

A
st.provided 1,808 mm
2
Applied actions
Design shear force at a cross section V* 360 kN
Maximum Transverse Spacing of Fitments = 600 mm
Cl 8.2.1.2. Single fitments OK
Design Calculations
Calculate web crushing limit V
u.max
CL 8.2.6
V
u.max
= 0.2 f
c
b
v
d
o
Vu.max = 1,538 kN V* < f Vu.max OK 299%
Vu.max
= 1,076 kN
Calculate shear strength of a beam without shear reinforcement Cl 8.2.7
V
uc
=
1

2

3
b
v
d
o
f
cv
{ Ast }
1/3

( b
v
d
o
) Max Spacing of fitments 300 mm
A
sv.min 105 mm2
1 For members where the cross-sectional area of shear reinforcement provided (Asv) is equal to or greater than the minimum area specified in Clause 8.2.8
1 = 1.1(1.6 do/1000) 1.1 1.100 1 1.1
OTHERWISE 1 = 1.1(1.6 do/1000) 0.8 1.084 1 0.8 For beams with no shear reo
Insert value for 1 1 = 1.100
2 = 1, for members subject to pure bending; or 1 (N*/3.5Ag) 0 for members subject to axial tension; or 1 + (N*/14Ag) for members subject to axial compression
2 = 1
3 = 1, or may be taken as 2do/av but not greater than 2, provided the applied loads and the support are orientated so as to create diagonal compression over the length (av)
3 = 1
fcv = f c
1/3
4MPa f
cv
= 2.92 MPa
Shear strength of a beam without shear reinforcement Cl 8.2.7 V
uc
= 178.5 kN
V
uc
= 125.0 kN
Calculate shear strength of a beam with minimum shear reinforcement Cl 8.2.9
V
u.min
= V
uc
+ 0.10 f
c
b
v
do) V
uc
+ 0.6 b
v
do
Vuc + 0.6 bv do = 363.0 kN
(Vuc + 0.6 bv do) = 254.1 kN
Vuc + 0.10 fc bvdo) = 332.3 kN
(Vuc + 0.10 fc bvdo) = 232.6 kN
therefore Vu.min
= 363.0 kN
therefore Vu.min
= 254.1 kN
Requirements for shear reinforcing Cl 8.2.5 V* = 360.0 kN
Check if V* 0.5Vuc 0.5 V
uc
= 62.5 kN V* 0.5 V
uc
Shear Reo may be Required
D > 750 mm No
Check if 0.5 Vuc < V * Vu.min 0.5 V
uc
= 62.5 kN 0.5 V
uc
< V* Shear Reo Required
V
u.min
= 254.1 kN V* < V
u.min
Shear Reo Required
Check if V * > Vu.min V
u.min
= 254.1 kN V* > V
u.min
Shear Reo Required
Shallow Wide Beams Check if D does not exceed the greater of 250mm and half the width of the web Cl 8.2.5 (i)
Check if V* Vuc
Vuc = 125 kN V* < V
uc
Shear Reo Required
Check if D does not exceed the greater of 250mm D = 700 mm D > 250 D > 250
or half the width of the web = 250 mm D > B
w
/2 Shear Reo Required
V* = 360 kN
Check for shallow wide beams if V* V
uc
and D does not exceed the greater of 250mm and half the width of the web Cl 8.2.5 (i) then minimum shear reinforcement is waived
Where V* > V
u.min
however minimum reinforcement shall be provided in accordance with Clause 8.2.10
Spacing of Fitments Cl 8.2.12.2 Maximum spacing 0.75 D = 525 mm Lesser of 0.75D or 500 500 mm
of fitments 0.5 D = 350 mm Lesser of 0.5D or 300 300 mm
V
u.min
= 254.1 kN V* < V
u.min
300 mm
Minimum shear reinforcement Cl 8.2.8 Max Spacing
Asv.min = 0.06 fc bv s / fsy.f 0.35 bv s / fsy.f 0.35 bv s / fsy.f
= 105 mm2
0.06 fc bv s / fsy.f
= 90 mm2
Asv.min
= 105 mm2
Check shear capacity of the beam with minimum reinforcement at minimum spacing
Vus min = (Asv min fsy.f do / s) cot v Adopt v = 45 deg (for perpendicular shear reinforcement)
Vus min
= 75.3 kN (1)
Contribution of shear reinforcing V
us
Cl 8.2.2
Vus = V*/ - Vuc Vus = 235.0 kN (2) If figure is negative then concrete will take all the shear
d
o
b
v
D
4d
f
or 70mm
whichever is
the greater
with a minimum reinforcement. Use V
us min
Take the greater value of Vus and Vus min ie (1) or (2) Vus Design
= 235 kN but area must exceed Asv.min 105 mm2
Check the design shear strength of the beam including concrete and fitments
Vuc + Vus Design = Vu
= 360 kN
Design shear force at a cross section V* = 360 kN
Therefore Asv = Vus/( (fsy.f do / s) cot v) Asv
= 328 mm2 at maximum spacing = 300 mm
Warning Grade 250 Fitment diameters and areas for 2 legs
Fitment Dia (nominal) R6 R10 L6 L8 L10 N12 N16 N20
Grade of Fitment 250 250 500 500 500 500 500 500
Area of one bar mm2 30 80 28 45 71 113 201 314
Area of 2 legs mm2 60 160 57 91 142 226 402 628 Single fitments
Area of 4 legs mm2 120 320 113 182 284 452 804 1256 Fitments in pairs
Area of 6 legs mm2 180 480 170 272 425 678 1206 1884 Fitments in threes
Area of 8 legs mm2 240 640 226 363 567 904 1608 2512 Fitments in fours
Area of 10 legs mm2 300 800 283 454 709 1130 2010 3140 Fitments in fives
Maximum Transverse Spacing of Fitments = 600 mm Single fitments OK
If the beam width is greater than maximum spacing
then will need to have fitments in groups
f
sy.f
=
500 MPa
Fitment Dia assumed = 12 mm
Because of the various combinations, some iteration will be required for shear reinforcement
See table above for various areas and diameters of fitments and different numbers of legs
Check input of fitment size and grade at top RH part of this sheet is consistent.
If spacing of fitments greater than the maximum spacing, reduce area of shear reinforcement
Note it is usual to rationalise the spacing down to the nearest 25 mm
Input Asv = cross sectional area of shear reinforcement = 142 mm2
Asv.min
= 105 mm2
Spacing of fitments required = 130 mm
Maximum spacing of fitments allowed = 130 mm
Results based on fitment arrangement with 2 legs Design shear force at the cross section V* 360.0 kN
V
u.max
= 0.2 f
c
b
v
do V
u.max 1076.3 kN
Fitment diameter 12 mm V
uc
=
1

2

3
b
v
d
o
f
cv
{ A
st
}
1/3
V
uc 125.0 kN
Maximum Spacing 130 mm b
v
d
o
V
u.min
= V
uc
+ 0.10 f
c
b
v
do) V
uc
+ 0.6b b
v
do V
u.min 254.1 kN
Vu = Vuc + Vus V
u 360.0 kN
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Computation Sheet No
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Reinforced Concrete Beam Design - Torsion Cl 8.3 (Design torsion at a cross section)
Data Input
Capacity Reduction Factor
Geometry & Material Properties
Width, bv = effective width for shear Cl 8.2.6 500 mm f 0.7
Overall depth, D 700 mm f'c 20 MPa
Bottom cover to fitments 40 mm fsy.f 500 MPa
Depth do to centroid of outermost reo 615 mm fsy 500 MPa
(Depth do usually = D - cover to fitment - fitment size - distance Fitment diameter 12 mm
to the centroid of the outermost layer of tensile reo, rounded down to nearest 5mm ) Spacing of fitment s 200 mm
Diameter of longitudinal reo d 24 mm
Longitudinal Tensile Reinforcement (fully anchored) Flexural Reo Ast. 1,808 mm
2
Ast.provided 1,808 mm
2
Applied actions
Ultimate strength moment at section M* 380 kNm
Design shear force at a cross section V* 360 kN
Design torsional moment at a cross section T* 50 kNm
Design Calculations
Calculate torsional modulus Jt CL 8.3.3 x = 500 mm y = 700 mm
Jt = 5.775E+07 mm3
Calculate web crushing limit CL 8.3.3 T* + V* < 1.0
Tu.max Vu.max
Tu.max = 0.2Jtfc Tu.max
= 231.0 kN T* < Tu.max
OK 323%
Tu.max
= 161.7 kN
Vu.max = 0.2 fc bv do Vu.max = 1230.0 kN V* < Vu.max
OK 239%
Vu.max
= 861.0 kN
T* + V* = 0.73 Web Crushing OK
Tu.max Vu.max
Calculate torsional strength of a beam Cl 8.3.5 Details of closed fitments
Without closed fitments and no prestress
Tuc = 0.3Jt fc Tuc = 77.5 kNm
Tuc = 54.2 kNm
With closed fitments
Tus = Asw fsy.f 2At cot v/s At = area of a polygon = 212,784 mm2
ut = perimeter of the polygon defined for At
= 1,888 mm
Input cross sectional area of bar forming fitment from the diameter chosen above top RHS of spread sheet
See table below for various areas of bar of the fitments of various diameters
Fitment diameters and cross sectional areas of bar forming the closed fitment asw
Fitment Dia (nominal) R6 R10 L6 L8 L10 N12 N16 N20
Grade 250 250 500 500 500 500 500 500
Area of one bar mm2 30 80 28 45 71 113 201 314 Single fitments
Area of two bars mm2 60 160 57 91 142 226 402 628 Fitments in pairs
Area of three bars mm2 120 320 113 182 284 452 804 1256 Fitments in threes
Asw
= 113 mm2 at spacing = 200 mm
(Cross sectional area of bar forming the fitment)
Tus = Asw fsy.f 2At cot v/s Adopt v = 45 deg and cot v = 1.0 Tus = 120.2 kN
Tus = 84.2 kN
Calculate shear strength of a beam without shear reinforcement Cl 8.2.7
V
uc
=
1

2

3
b
v
d
o
f
cv
{ A
st
}
1/3
/(b
v
d
o
)
1 For members where the cross-sectional area of shear reinforcement provided (Asv) is equal to or greater than the minimum area specified in Clause 8.2.8
1 = 1.1(1.6 do/1000) 1.1 1.100 1 1.1
OTHERWISE 1 = 1.1(1.6 do/1000) 0.8 1.084 1 0.8 For beams with no shear reo
Insert value for 1 1 = 1.100
2 = 1, for members subject to pure bending; or 1 (N*/3.5Ag) 0 for members subject to axial tension; or 1 + (N*/14Ag) for members subject to axial compression
2 = 1
3 = 1, or may be taken as 2do/av but not greater than 2, provided the applied loads and the support are orientated so as to create diagonal compression over the length (av)
3 = 1
fcv = f c
1/3
4MPa fcv = 2.71 MPa
Vuc = 165.7 kN
Vuc = 116.0 kN
Requirements for torsional reinforcing Cl 8.3.4 (a)
Check if T* 0.25Tuc 0.25 Tuc
= 13.6 kNm T* < 0.25 Tuc
Torsional Reo Required
Check if T* + V* 0.5 T* + V* = 4.0 T* + V* 0.5 Torsional Reo Required
Tuc Vuc Tuc Vuc Tuc Vuc
The overall depth does not exceed the greater of 250 mm Depth = 700 If D < 250 Torsional Reo may be Required
and half the width of the web
Half the Width = 250 D < b/2 Torsional Reo may be Required
Check if T* + V* 1.0 T* + V* = 4.0 T* + V* 1.0 Torsional Reo Required
Tuc Vuc Tuc Vuc Tuc Vuc
Requirements for torsional reinforcing Cl 8.3.4 (b)
Check if T* 1.0 T* = 0.59 T* 1.0 Torsional reo is required
Tus Tus Tus
OK Complies with Cl 8.3.4 (b)
If NOT OK then either revise size and spacing or both in top right-hand corner of spread sheet
Requirements for additional longitudinal reinforcing (Cl 8.3.6)
Alt = (0.5 fsy.f / fsy)(Asw / s)( ut cot
2
v) (in the tensile zone). = 533 mm2
Requirements for additional longitudinal reinforcing (Cl 8.3.6)
Alt = (0.5 fsy.f / fsy)(Asw / s)( ut cot
2
v) (in the compression zone). = 533 mm2
Proposed additional reinforcement arrangement
d
o
b
v
D
4d
f
or 70mm
whichever is
the greater
Suggested bar numbers & sizes for limit state requirement M* < fMu
Bar size 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
Area of bar mm2 113 201 314 452 616 804 1020 1260
Theoretical No. of bars 4.72 2.65 2.65 1.18 0.87 0.66 0.52 0.42
Actual bars required 5.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Area of bars mm2 Total 565 603 942 904 616 804 1020 1260
Maximum spacing of fitments allowed = 230 mm Fitment spacing ok
If spacing NOT OK then revise in top right-hand corner of spread sheet
Requirements for torsional reinforcing (Cl 8.3.7)
Minimum transverse reinforcement shall be the greater of
(1) Minimum shear reinforcement required by Clause 8.2.8 in the form of closed ties or fitments and
(11) Torsional capacity equal to 0.25 TUC
Asv.min = 0.06 fc bv s / fsy.f 0.35 bv s / fsy.f 0.35 bv s / fsy.f = 70 mm2
0.06 fc bv s / fsy.f = 54 mm2
Asv.min
= 70 mm2 OK area less than chosen fitment area
With closed fitments If area NOT OK then revise in top right-hand corner of spread sheet
Asw = s * 0.25 Tuc/ (fsy.f 2At cot v )/
At = area of a polygon = 212,784 mm2
ut = perimeter of the polygon defined for At
= 1,912 mm
Asw
= 26 mm2 OK area less than chosen fitment area
If area NOT OK then revise in top right-hand corner of spread sheet
Results based on fitment arrangement for Torsion Design torsion force at a cross section T* 50.0 kNm
Based on 2 legs with closed fitments Design shear force at a cross section V* 360.0 kNm
Fitment Yield Strength f
sy.f 500 MPa Tu.max = 0.2Jtfc Tu.max 231.0 kNm
Fitment diameter 12 mm Vu.max = 0.2 fc bv do
Vu.max 1230.0 kN
Maximum Spacing 230 mm Tuc = 0.3Jt fc Tuc 77.5 kNm
Additional tension Reo 533 mm2
Vuc= 1 2 3 bv do fcv { Ast }
1/3 Vuc = 116.0 kN
Additional compression Reo 533 mm2 bv do
Reminder: Do not forget to add the fitments for torsion to those required shear and the additional longitudinal reo to the reo required for flexure
Disclaimer: The person using this spread sheet is responsible for its use.
Computation Sheet No
Client Job No
Project/Job By
Subject Date:
Reinforced Concrete Beam Design - Deflections - Deemed to comply ratios for beams Cl 8.5.4
(Please note results may be conservative. Refer to discussion in RCDH)
Data Input
Capacity Reduction Factor
Geometry & Material Properties
Width, bw = width of rectangular beam 400 mm f 0.8
Width, bef = effective width of compressive width or flange 990 mm f'c 20
Depth, D 700 mm fsy 500
Cover to fitments 30 mm
Effective depth d 640 mm
(Effective depth usually = D - cover to fitment - fitment size - distance
to the centroid of the tensile reo, rounded down to nearest 5mm )
Longitudinal Tensile Reinforcement (fully anchored) Ast.provided 628 mm
2
Longitudinal Compression Reinforcement (fully anchored) Asc.provided 628 mm
2
Short-term, long-term and combination factors ys and yl (after AS1170.0 )
Applied actions Imposed action Short-term factor Long-term factor
Dead load kN/m g 26.9 kNm (ys) (yl)
Live load kN/m q 11.4 kNm Distributed imposed
actions, Q Residential and domestic
structures
0.7 0.4
Short term and long term actions from AS 1170.0 Table 4.1 Offices 0.7 0.4
Short term factor ys 0.7 Parking 0.7 0.4
Long term factor yl 0.4 Retail 0.7 0.4
See table to the right for values of Storage 1 0.6
Other 1 0.6
Lef is the effective span of beam which is the lesser of Ln +D Lef 8400 mm Roof actions
and L for a beam where Ln is the clear span
Roofs used for floor-type
activities
0.7 0.4
Other roofs 0.7 0
Actual span to depth ratio Lef/d Lef/d 13.1
Design Calculations
Calculate Asc/Ast
Asc/Ast = 1.000
kcs = 0.80
Reinforcing ratio p = Ast/bef/d at the midspan = 0.0010
= bef / bw > 1.0 = 2.48
Factor = 0.001 (f'c)
1/3
/
2/3
= 0.0015 Ratio of p/( 0.001 (f'c)
1/3

2/3
)
0.1/
2/3
Ratio of p/( 0.001 (f'c)
1/3

2/3
) = 0.6681 0.06/
2/3
For k1 factor use k1 (2)
k1(1) Deflection coefficient (5 0.04 fc)p + 0.002 0.1/
2/3
= 0.0062 When p 0.001 (f'c)
1/3
/
2/3
WARNING Do not use this value for k1!
k1(2) Deflection coefficient 0.055(fc)
1/3
/
2/3
50 p 0.06 /
2/3
= 0.0320 When p < 0.001 (f'c)
1/3
/
2/3
OK Use this value for k1
Insert factor k1 = 0.032 For k1 factor use k1 (2)
Factor k2
k2 = deflection constant, taken as
(a) for simply supported beams, 5/384 = 0.01302; or
(b) for continuous beams, where the ratio of the longer to the shorter of two adjacent spans does not exceed 1.2 and where no end span is longer than an interior span
(i) 2.4/384 = 0.00625 in an end span; or
(ii) 1.5/384 = 0.00391 in interior spans.
Insert factor k2 = 0.00391
See options above for values
Effective design load for total deflection Fd.ef = 60.05 kNm
Effective design load for incremental deflection Fd.ef = 33.15 kNm
CONCRETE PROPERTIES AT 28 DAYS
f'c (MPa) 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
Ec (MPa) 24 000 26 700 30 100 32 800 34 800 37 400 39 600 42 200
Input Ec Mean value of the modulus of elasticity at 28 day = 26,700 MPa From Table 2.3.2 of AS 3600. Limits for calculated vertical deflections of beams and slabs
See options above for values
Type of member
Deflection to be
considered
Deflection limitation
(/Lef) for spans
(Notes 1 and 2)
Deflection limitation
(/Lef) for cantilevers
(Note 4)
All members The total deflection 1/250 = 0.004 1/125 = 0.002
Members supporting
masonry partitions
The deflection that
occurs after the addition
or attachment of the
partitions
1/500 = 0.002 where
provision is made to
minimize the effect of
movement, otherwise
1/1000 = 0.001
1/250 = 0.004 where
provision is made to
minimize the effect of
movement, otherwise
1/500 = 0.002
Members supporting
other brittle finishes
The deflection that
occurs after the addition
or attachment of the
finish
Manufacturers
specification but not
more than
1/500 = 0.002
Manufacturers
specification but not
more than
1/250 = 0.004
Members subjected to
vehicular or pedestrian
traffic
The imposed action
(live load and dynamic
impact) deflection
1/800 = 0.00125 1/400 = 0.0025
Transfer members Total deflection
1/500 = 0.002
where provision is
made to minimize the
effect of deflection of
the transfer member on
the supported structure,
otherwise
1/1000 = 0.001
1/250 = 0.004
Input /Lef to be used = 0.004
See options above and to the right, for value TO INPUT
Calculated Actual Lef/d
[k1(D/Lef)(befEc)/(k2Fd.ef)]
1/3
Total deflection = OK COMPLIES 24.33 13.13
[k1(D/Lef)(befEc)/(k2Fd.ef)]
1/3
Incremental deflection = OK COMPLIES 29.66 13.13
Results Deflections Beam D 700
d
bw
D
b 400
Calculated Actual Lef/d Span L 8400
[k1(D/Lef)(befEc)/(k2Fd.ef)]
1/3
Total deflection = OK COMPLIES 24.33 13.1 Ast provided 628
Asc provided 628
[k1(D/Lef)(befEc)/(k2Fd.ef)]
1/3
Incremental deflection = OK COMPLIES 29.66 13.1 /Lef used =1/ 250
Capacity Reduction Factor
& Material Properties
MPa
MPa
mm
mm
mm
mm2
mm2