MYANMAR

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
POPULATION
Total populationa as of 1 October (million) 46.1 46.6 47.1 47.6 48.1 48.5 48.8 49.2 49.5 49.8 50.2 50.6 51.0 51.4 52.0 52.5 52.9 53.4 53.9 54.3 54.8
Population density (persons/km2) 68 69 70 70 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 77 78 78 79 80 80 81
Population (% annual change) 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
Urban population (% of total population) 27.0 27.2 27.4 27.6 27.8 27.9 28.1 28.3 28.5 28.7 28.9 29.1 29.3 29.5 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 30.0 30.0 31.1

LABOR FORCEb fiscal year beginning 1 April (million) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 21.9 | 22.0 … 22.3 22.7 23.6 …
Employed … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 21.0 | 21.8 … 21.9 22.6 22.9 …
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 11.2 | 11.3 … 11.1 10.9 10.4 …
Mining and quarrying … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.2 | 0.2 … 0.2 0.1 0.1 …
Manufacturing … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1.4 | 2.4 … 2.3 2.5 2.2 …
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply; water supply;
sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.1 | 0.0 … 0.1 0.1 0.1 …
Construction … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.9 | 0.8 … 0.9 1.2 1.2 …
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1.9 | 3.2 … 3.4 3.7 3.6 …
Transportation and storage … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.8 | 1.0 … 1.0 1.2 1.0 …
Accommodation and food service activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 1.0 | 0.3 … 0.4 0.4 0.9 …
Information and communication … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.0 | 0.1 … 0.0 0.0 0.1 …
Financial and insurance activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.0 | 0.1 … 0.1 0.1 0.1 …
Real estate activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.0 | 0.0 … 0.0 0.3 0.0 …
Other servicesc … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 3.4 | 2.4 … 2.4 2.1 3.2 …
Underemployed … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Unemployed … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.9 | 0.2 … 0.3 0.2 0.6 …
Unemployment rate (%) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 4.0 | 0.8 … 1.6 0.8 2.7 …
Labor force (% annual change) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …| … … … 2.1 3.6 …
Labor force participation rate (%) … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 67.0 | 64.7 … 61.2 61.5 63.2 …
Male … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 85.2 | 80.2 … 77.3 77.0 75.7 …
Female … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 50.5 | 51.6 … 47.7 48.5 52.7 …

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS fiscal year beginning 1 April | 1 October (MK billion)

d

At Current Prices
GDP by industrial origin at current producer prices 2,552.7 3,548.5 5,625.3 7,716.6 9,078.9 12,286.8 16,852.8 23,336.1 29,233.3 33,894.0 39,776.8 46,307.9 51,259.3 58,011.6 65,261.9 72,714.0 | 74,215.7 82,700.0 92,789.0 105,258.5 …
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 1,461.2 2,025.1 3,067.4 3,906.2 4,372.9 5,736.4 7,401.6 10,109.8 11,773.7 12,916.4 14,659.0 15,048.3 15,680.3 17,133.0 18,162.3 19,466.8 | 19,841.1 20,606.9 21,344.0 22,477.0 …
Mining and quarrying 15.0 17.3 25.2 34.6 57.5 89.5 121.9 205.3 254.4 331.4 366.4 2,710.7 3,164.2 3,467.6 4,797.5 4,447.5 | 3,921.4 4,045.1 4,500.2 5,712.7 …
Manufacturing 182.9 277.8 516.2 756.2 1,051.6 1,572.9 2,358.1 3,473.9 4,917.3 6,127.6 7,900.5 9,132.5 10,299.2 11,553.5 13,007.2 15,130.4 | 15,818.0 19,014.7 22,477.6 26,062.3 …
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply 3.4 3.2 4.7 6.0 20.0 27.7 110.0 189.8 218.2 337.7 421.9 481.4 614.9 695.9 926.9 1,030.8 | 1,072.5 1,154.5 1,283.3 1,474.7 …
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Constructione 46.0 77.1 185.6 303.5 356.8 461.7 652.0 893.7 1,236.1 1,518.3 1,839.3 2,165.8 2,515.9 3,056.8 3,777.1 4,454.9 | 4,356.5 5,118.7 5,832.2 6,707.2 …
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles f 613.7 858.1 1,326.6 1,743.6 2,021.3 2,667.2 3,550.8 4,915.2 6,175.1 6,887.3 7,971.2 8,918.2 9,759.2 11,143.7 12,217.5 13,759.3 | 14,202.4 16,258.1 18,729.5 21,638.3 …
Transportation and storageg 153.4 191.8 358.1 776.7 936.6 1,412.2 2,020.0 2,781.7 3,731.5 4,586.6 4,926.6 5,913.3 6,718.5 7,839.5 8,671.0 9,751.9 | 10,111.8 11,016.6 12,284.1 13,916.7 …
Accommodation and food service activitiesh
Information and communicationi
Financial and insurance activities 2.6 3.3 4.8 5.3 6.7 10.2 14.4 16.9 20.9 27.4 37.7 65.3 85.3 114.4 139.7 173.4 | 198.2 277.3 352.1 392.7 …
Real estate activitiesj
Professional, scientific, and technical activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Administrative and support service activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 39.4 44.7 50.7 64.7 103.9 112.6 340.9 371.3 399.7 551.7 915.7 989.0 1,326.1 1,683.3 2,025.5 2,686.7 | 2,748.3 2,867.4 3,169.5 3,458.4 …
Education
Human health and social work activities
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other service activitiesk 35.1 50.1 86.0 119.8 151.6 196.5 283.1 378.5 506.4 609.8 738.5 883.3 1,095.6 1,323.9 1,537.3 1,812.1 | 1,945.5 2,340.9 2,816.4 3,418.6 …
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Gross value added at basic prices … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Taxes less subsidies on production and imports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Net factor income from abroad -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -37.6 -7.0 -73.9 -197.0 -381.7 -435.9 | -3,010.9 -3,627.4 -4,220.6 -4,884.7 …
GNI 2,552.6 3,548.3 5,625.2 7,716.6 9,078.8 12,286.8 16,853.0 23,336.6 29,233.6 33,893.8 39,739.1 46,300.9 51,185.4 57,814.6 64,880.1 72,278.1 | 71,204.8 79,072.6 88,568.4 100,373.8 …

Structure of Output (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Agriculture 57.2 57.1 54.5 50.6 48.2 46.7 43.9 43.3 40.3 38.1 36.9 32.5 30.6 29.5 27.8 26.8 | 26.7 24.9 23.0 21.4 …
Industry 9.7 10.6 13.0 14.3 16.4 17.5 19.2 20.4 22.7 24.5 26.5 31.3 32.4 32.4 34.5 34.5 | 33.9 35.5 36.7 38.0 …
Services 33.1 32.4 32.5 35.1 35.5 35.8 36.8 36.3 37.1 37.4 36.7 36.2 37.0 38.1 37.7 38.8 | 39.4 39.6 40.3 40.7 …

Expenditure on GDP at current producer prices 2,552.7 3,548.5 5,625.3 7,716.6 9,078.9 12,286.8 16,852.8 23,336.1 29,233.3 33,894.0 39,776.8 46,307.9 51,259.3 58,011.6 65,261.9 72,714.0 | 74,215.7 82,700.0 92,789.0 105,258.5 …
Final consumption expenditure 2,237.5 3,139.9 5,049.9 6,865.7 7,965.5 10,682.3 14,291.4 19,861.4 24,141.3 28,543.0 26,770.8 29,191.2 32,478.1 39,022.7 46,711.5 53,788.9 | 55,685.1 61,881.9 68,865.2 74,110.9 …
Household final consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
NPISHs final consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
MYANMAR
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Gross capital formation 317.7 410.6 570.8 850.5 1,108.7 1,620.8 2,306.4 3,455.7 4,570.6 6,394.6 9,221.1 13,543.2 15,848.8 18,538.2 20,978.1 25,315.3 | 24,698.6 28,482.1 29,866.0 32,253.3 …
Gross fixed capital formation 301.0 413.2 551.7 850.1 1,069.0 1,563.8 2,282.4 3,390.5 4,599.8 6,436.2 9,115.1 13,516.2 15,316.4 18,282.8 20,700.9 25,152.2 | 24,104.1 26,480.4 28,865.2 31,497.3 …
Public … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Private … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Changes in inventories 16.7 -2.6 19.1 0.4 39.7 57.0 24.0 65.2 -29.2 -41.6 106.1 27.1 532.5 255.4 277.3 163.1 | 594.5 2,001.8 1,000.8 755.9 …
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of goods and services l 12.6 16.4 19.4 13.7 16.0 19.8 29.3 34.0 32.2 38.7 7,791.7 7,140.4 7,572.5 9,690.0 11,519.6 12,648.6 | 17,051.2 21,454.6 26,314.7 31,987.8 …
Exports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Less: Imports of goods and servicesl 15.1 18.4 14.9 13.4 11.3 11.5 16.8 18.4 24.9 22.8 6,002.3 7,300.3 7,722.9 13,302.0 16,596.5 20,317.5 | 22,962.3 29,010.1 31,631.0 31,892.5 …
Imports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Statistical discrepancy – – – – – -24.6 242.5 3.4 514.1 -1,059.4 1,995.4 3,733.4 3,082.7 4,062.7 2,649.2 1,278.7 | -256.8 -108.5 -625.9 -1,200.9 …

Structure of Demand (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Household final consumptionm 87.7 88.5 89.8 89.0 87.7 86.9 84.8 85.1 82.6 84.2 67.3 63.0 63.4 67.3 71.6 74.0 | 75.0 74.8 74.2 70.4 …
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation 12.4 11.6 10.1 11.0 12.2 13.2 13.7 14.8 15.6 18.9 23.2 29.2 30.9 32.0 32.1 34.8 | 33.3 34.4 32.2 30.6 …
Changes in inventories 0.7 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.2 | 0.8 2.4 1.1 0.7 …
Exports of goods and services 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 19.6 15.4 14.8 16.7 17.7 17.4 | 23.0 25.9 28.4 30.4 …
Imports of goods and services 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 15.1 15.8 15.1 22.9 25.4 27.9 | 30.9 35.1 34.1 30.3 …
Statistical discrepancy – – – – – -0.2 1.4 0.0 1.8 -3.1 5.0 8.1 6.0 7.0 4.1 1.8 | -0.3 -0.1 -0.7 -1.1 …

At Constant Prices
GDP by industrial origin at 1985/1986 | 2000/2001 | 2005/2006 | 2010/2011 | 2015/2016
producer prices 100.3 | 2,842.3 3,184.1 3,624.9 4,116.6 4,675.2 | 13,893.4 15,559.4 17,155.1 18,964.9 | 39,776.8 42,000.9 45,080.7 48,879.2 52,785.1 56,476.2 | 74,215.7 78,483.2 83,510.0 89,147.3 …
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 42.3 | 1,588.3 1,684.1 1,881.2 2,087.8 2,340.0 | 6,290.3 6,789.9 7,170.2 7,569.8 | 14,659.0 14,562.1 14,807.1 15,346.1 15,768.8 16,306.2 | 19,841.1 19,548.6 19,562.2 19,872.3 …
Mining and quarrying 2.4 | 15.8 20.5 22.3 25.2 33.2 | 98.8 104.8 119.6 133.3 | 366.4 401.2 374.1 472.5 699.3 600.6 | 3,921.4 4,048.2 4,095.9 4,183.8 …
Manufacturing 10.2 | 222.8 286.8 350.0 436.4 532.2 | 1,919.9 2,326.0 2,750.7 3,269.5 | 7,900.5 8,754.6 9,483.4 10,387.9 11,370.5 12,496.2 | 15,818.0 17,374.7 19,092.9 20,942.4 …
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply 1.1 | 3.2 3.9 4.5 4.8 5.7 | 30.5 31.9 35.5 41.8 | 421.9 444.0 484.0 551.8 633.3 716.3 | 1,072.5 1,158.5 1,282.5 1,379.6 …
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Constructione 4.7 | 59.6 95.6 114.5 130.0 144.3 | 531.9 623.4 736.3 837.6 | 1,839.3 2,004.8 2,191.9 2,550.9 2,956.0 3,149.7 | 4,356.5 4,779.8 5,168.1 5,620.2 …
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles f 20.9 | 678.9 750.3 849.9 958.7 1,074.3 | 3,009.8 3,357.6 3,680.2 4,043.0 | 7,971.2 8,341.1 8,711.4 9,217.9 9,690.3 10,286.2 | 14,202.4 15,274.7 16,477.9 17,773.4 …
Transportation and storageg 6.8 | 184.1 237.4 284.0 337.2 392.4 | 1,652.8 1,922.9 2,211.7 2,569.9 | 4,926.6 5,574.4 6,800.3 7,787.9 8,795.6 9,772.8 | 10,111.8 10,951.0 11,957.6 13,006.6 …
Accommodation and food service activitiesh
Information and communicationi
Financial and insurance activities 2.1 | 3.3 4.8 5.3 6.7 10.2 | 12.0 14.2 17.6 23.0 | 37.7 78.0 110.1 147.6 180.3 223.8 | 198.2 277.3 352.1 392.7 …
Real estate activitiesj
Professional, scientific, and technical activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Administrative and support service activities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 6.0 | 44.7 50.7 56.2 64.5 69.9 | 122.7 133.7 143.9 154.3 | 915.7 989.0 1,129.4 1,271.0 1,421.4 1,506.6 | 2,748.3 2,867.4 3,037.5 3,172.4 …
Education
Human health and social work activities
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other service activitiesk 3.8 | 41.6 50.0 57.0 65.3 73.1 | 224.6 255.0 289.5 322.8 | 738.5 851.6 988.9 1,145.6 1,269.5 1,417.9 | 1,945.5 2,203.0 2,483.5 2,804.0 …
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Gross value added at basic prices … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Taxes less subsidies on production and imports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Net factor income from abroad -4.3 | -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 -0.0 | 0.2 0.3 0.2 -0.1 | -37.6 -6.4 -65.0 -166.0 -308.8 -338.6 | -3,010.9 -3,442.5 -3,798.5 -4,137.0 …
GNI 96.0 | 2,842.2 3,184.1 3,624.9 4,116.6 4,675.2 | 13,893.6 15,559.7 17,155.3 18,964.8 | 39,739.1 41,994.5 45,015.7 48,713.1 52,476.3 56,137.7 | 71,204.8 75,040.7 79,711.5 85,010.3 …

Growth of Output (% annual change)

GDP 13.7 11.3 12.0 13.8 13.6 13.6 13.1 12.0 10.3 10.6 9.6 5.6 7.3 8.4 8.0 7.0 5.9 5.8 6.4 6.8 3.3*
Agriculture 11.0 8.7 6.0 11.7 11.0 12.1 9.7 7.9 5.6 5.6 4.7 -0.7 1.7 3.6 2.8 3.4 -0.5 -1.5 0.1 1.6 1.8*
Industry 21.3 21.8 35.0 20.8 21.4 19.9 20.0 19.6 18.0 17.6 18.6 10.2 8.0 11.4 12.1 8.3 8.9 8.7 8.3 8.4 5.1*
Services 13.4 12.9 14.8 14.6 14.4 13.1 14.2 13.2 11.6 12.1 9.5 8.5 12.0 10.3 9.1 8.7 8.1 8.1 8.7 8.3 2.5*

Expenditure on GDP at 1985/1986 | 2000/2001 | 2005/2006 | 2010/2011 | 2015/2016

producer prices 100.3 | 2,842.3 3,184.1 3,624.9 4,116.6 4,675.2 | 13,893.4 15,559.4 17,155.1 18,964.9 | 39,776.8 42,000.9 45,080.7 48,879.2 52,785.1 56,476.2 | 74,215.7 78,483.2 83,510.0 89,147.3 …
Final consumption expenditure 61.8 | 2,518.4 2,821.1 3,175.0 3,546.7 4,064.6 | 11,781.8 13,242.7 14,169.1 15,969.9 | 26,770.8 28,390.6 30,697.6 34,904.0 38,793.1 40,610.0 | 55,685.1 57,982.1 60,603.5 61,512.2 …
Household final consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
General government final consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Gross capital formation 31.5 | 326.7 359.6 448.6 564.7 732.8 | 1,968.1 2,523.5 2,949.0 3,973.2 | 9,221.1 12,276.9 13,943.1 15,658.3 16,836.9 19,544.7 | 24,698.6 26,698.0 26,288.8 26,702.1 …
Gross fixed capital formation 30.9 | 328.7 348.9 449.0 546.5 708.5 | 1,947.8 2,478.4 2,965.2 3,997.4 | 9,115.1 12,250.5 13,470.2 15,405.2 16,612.1 19,389.2 | 24,104.1 24,791.5 25,388.0 26,060.2 …
Public … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Private … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
MYANMAR
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Changes in inventories 0.6 | -2.1 10.7 -0.4 18.3 24.3 | 20.3 45.0 -16.1 -24.1 | 106.1 26.4 473.0 253.1 224.8 155.5 | 594.5 1,906.5 900.7 641.8 …
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of goods and services l 13.2 | 14.0 17.3 12.9 15.0 15.5 | 24.8 24.0 20.3 19.9 | 7,791.7 6,723.6 7,157.4 8,081.7 9,592.1 11,037.2 | 17,051.2 19,350.8 21,663.3 24,119.4 …
Exports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports of goods and servicesl 6.2 | 16.7 13.8 11.6 9.7 9.9 | 16.4 17.6 23.1 18.8 | 6,002.3 6,073.5 6,299.3 9,723.7 11,888.6 14,460.9 | 22,962.3 25,267.4 24,703.8 22,795.2 …
Imports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Statistical discrepancy –| – – – – -127.8 | 135.0 -213.2 39.8 -979.3 | 1,995.4 683.3 -418.3 -41.2 -548.3 -254.8 | -256.8 -280.3 -341.8 -391.2 …

Growth of Demand (% annual change)

Household final consumptionm 4.3 12.5 12.0 12.5 11.7 14.6 10.3 12.4 7.0 12.7 2.6 6.1 8.1 13.7 11.1 4.7 2.2 4.1 4.5 1.5 …
Government final consumption
Gross capital formation 11.3 2.8 10.1 24.8 25.9 29.8 21.4 28.2 16.9 34.7 34.6 33.1 13.6 12.3 7.5 16.1 4.3 8.1 -1.5 1.6 …
Exports of goods and services 79.3 16.6 23.0 -25.0 15.6 3.6 25.3 -3.1 -15.5 -2.0 10.9 -13.7 6.5 12.9 18.7 15.1 -0.4 13.5 12.0 11.3 …
Imports of goods and services -8.0 11.0 -17.5 -15.8 -16.5 2.2 42.4 7.4 31.3 -18.9 51.9 1.2 3.7 54.4 22.3 21.6 -11.4 10.0 -2.2 -7.7 …

Investment Financing at Producer Prices

Gross capital formation 317.7 410.6 570.8 850.5 1,108.7 1,620.8 2,306.4 3,455.7 4,570.6 6,394.6 9,221.1 13,543.2 15,848.8 18,538.2 20,978.1 25,315.3 | 24,698.6 28,482.1 29,866.0 32,253.3 …
Gross national saving 317.1 409.7 576.4 851.4 1,114.2 1,605.5 2,562.4 3,476.3 5,094.1 5,352.6 12,969.6 17,111.8 19,047.5 20,449.2 15,904.0 18,856.2 | 16,197.8 17,782.1 20,800.3 27,939.2 …
Gross domestic saving 315.3 408.5 575.3 850.9 1,113.4 1,604.5 2,561.4 3,474.7 5,092.0 5,351.1 13,005.9 17,116.7 18,781.1 19,595.3 14,976.8 16,997.7 | 16,747.2 18,407.6 22,449.0 29,795.8 …
Net factor income from abroad -0.1 -0.2 -0.0 -0.0 -0.1 -0.0 0.3 0.5 0.3 -0.2 -37.6 -7.0 -73.9 -197.0 -381.7 -435.9 | -3,010.9 -3,627.4 -4,220.6 -4,884.7 …
Net current transfers from abroad 1.9 1.4 1.1 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.2 1.7 1.7 1.3 2.2 340.3 1,051.0 1,308.9 2,294.4 | 2,461.5 3,001.9 2,571.9 3,028.1 …

Savings and Investment (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Gross domestic saving 12.3 11.5 10.2 11.0 12.3 13.1 15.2 14.9 17.4 15.8 32.7 37.0 36.6 33.8 22.9 23.4 | 22.6 22.3 24.2 28.3 …
Gross national saving 12.4 11.5 10.2 11.0 12.3 13.1 15.2 14.9 17.4 15.8 32.6 37.0 37.2 35.3 24.4 25.9 | 21.8 21.5 22.4 26.5 …
Gross capital formation 12.4 11.6 10.1 11.0 12.2 13.2 13.7 14.8 15.6 18.9 23.2 29.2 30.9 32.0 32.1 34.8 | 33.3 34.4 32.2 30.6 …

At Current Producer Pricesn (MK)

Per capita GDP 55,379 76,102 119,330 162,029 188,854 253,426 345,015 474,585 590,813 680,594 793,063 916,026 1,005,349 1,127,573 1,255,278 1,386,349 1,402,502 1,549,048 1,722,780 1,937,035 …
Per capita GNI 55,377 76,097 119,330 162,029 188,852 253,426 345,020 474,595 590,820 680,589 792,312 915,887 1,003,900 1,123,744 1,247,935 1,378,039 1,345,602 1,481,103 1,644,419 1,847,144 …

PRODUCTION INDEX period averages

Agricultureo; 2004–2006 | 2010 | 2015/2016 = 100 … … … … … … … … … … 100.0 96.5 96.7 98.6 99.9 102.2 101.4 | 98.6 94.8 91.7 …
Miningo; 2004–2006 | 2010 | 2015/2016 = 100 … … … … … … … … … … 100.0 114.0 106.2 139.2 206.7 173.4 224.7 | 117.0 122.1 128.5 …
Manufacturingo; 2004–2006 | 2010 | 2015/2016 = 100 … … … … … … … … … … 100.0 110.1 117.6 128.0 140.0 154.3 168.3 | 109.8 120.5 129.3 …

ENERGY fiscal year beginning 1 April | beginning 1 October

p

Crude petroleumq (t '000)

Production 558 653 862 967 1,011 1,098 1,049 1,046 993 1,107 1,079 1,053 848 838 789 726 665 687 235 | 743 …
Exports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports 530 638 675 … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …| … …
Consumption … 1,181 1,449 1,023 1,060 … 852 816 849 948 884 911 690 552 618 479 443 323 158 | 315 …

Coal (t '000)
Production 52 44 52 57 234 224 357 315 245 235 240 351 471 380 387 420 550 737 640 | 1,772 …
Exports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 20 20 16 203 …| … …
Imports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Consumption … 56 57 113 117 … … … … … … … … 380 367 400 534 737 640 | 1,772 …

Natural gasr (ft3 million)

Production 183,421 310,323 330,315 371,811 426,171 437,729 460,442 476,832 405,521 439,615 450,381 464,935 467,025 482,276 644,028 696,231 670,081 667,583 305,755 | 668,181 …
Exports … … … … … … … … … … … … 362,115 372,276 518,649 557,183 693,298 514,888 228,664 | 495,910 …
Imports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Consumption … 42,867 44,336 58,906 61,026 … 134,742 135,116 70,292 104,459 79,778 105,891 81,560 82,929 109,425 121,258 130,814 132,497 68,280 | 155,341 …

Electricitys (kWh million)

Production 5,522 4,689 5,068 5,426 5,608 6,064 6,164 6,398 6,622 6,964 8,625 10,425 10,965 12,247 14,156 15,965 17,867 20,055 11,129 | 22,794 …
Exports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Consumptiont 4,087 3,041 3,484 3,850 3,909 4,353 4,355 4,438 4,701 4,993 6,312 7,877 8,441 9,795 11,407 13,551 15,482 17,252 9,573 | 19,303 …

Retail prices (MK/L)

Gasoline, premium … … … … … … … 1,100 1,338 793 848 1,069 1,085 1,078 1,075 881 655 774 951 | 897 …
Diesel … … … … … … … 969 1,257 769 820 987 988 1,020 1,059 934 590 750 965 | 981 …

PRICE INDEXES period averages

Consumer (national); 1997 | 2006 | December 2012 = 100 151.7 183.8 288.6 394.3 412.1 450.8 | 100.0 119.0 142.5 144.6 155.7 163.5 | 95.7 104.2 109.4 119.7 128.0 133.9 143.0 155.7 161.6
MYANMAR
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Food and nonalcoholic beverages … … … … … …| 100.0 118.7 143.6 141.8 152.3 156.7 | 99.1 105.8 113.1 127.9 139.7 145.9 155.5 169.5 174.2
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and narcotics … … … … … …| 100.0 104.2 121.3 131.5 148.0 155.0 | 109.6 92.9 103.5 116.5 127.8 133.1 146.9 150.0 161.1
Clothing and footwear … … … … … …| 100.0 118.8 139.6 145.7 150.7 156.1 | 98.0 102.0 102.8 109.9 115.0 117.2 120.5 126.5 130.1
Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels … … … … … …| 100.0 123.5 138.8 150.3 160.0 176.4 | 92.6 108.4 114.6 123.6 130.4 136.9 147.6 175.5 200.6
Furnishings, household equipment, and routine household maintenance … … … … … …| 100.0 125.5 140.2 135.7 139.1 139.8 | 102.4 101.4 102.1 107.8 112.9 114.7 119.7 128.7 134.1
Health … … … … … …| 100.0 138.1 88.5 130.4 159.2 176.1 | 122.7 106.0 112.2 121.1 128.5 133.6 141.1 153.5 162.6
Transport … … … … … …| 100.0 98.3 137.5 123.9 142.1 160.2 | 87.3 98.9 99.3 93.6 89.5 98.6 109.6 113.8 108.0
Communication … … … … … …| 100.0 … … … … …| … 96.4 95.9 96.3 95.2 98.3 102.3 101.6 101.3
Recreation and culture … … … … … …| 100.0 129.0 150.9 167.3 176.2 180.1 | 87.7 99.1 99.3 102.4 104.8 105.7 107.7 118.9 123.7
Education … … … … … …| 100.0 136.1 173.2 216.4 239.5 246.0 | 98.3 109.7 114.6 116.9 120.8 122.4 129.0 136.6 140.0
Restaurants and hotels … … … … … …| 100.0 129.6 152.2 179.2 183.9 208.9 | 93.0 99.4 98.5 104.5 109.2 112.8 122.8 128.8 139.0
Miscellaneous goods and services … … … … … …| 100.0 118.3 136.4 153.2 165.0 174.2 | 98.6 100.9 99.5 108.6 116.8 122.4 128.7 141.8 151.6
Consumer (Yangon); 1997 | 2006 = 100 | December 2012 = 100 157.3 220.4 316.2 398.0 404.6 449.1 | 100.0 115.4 144.6 146.8 159.9 168.1 | 101.8 102.4 109.0 118.5 130.0 135.2 143.6 155.4 …
Food and nonalcoholic beverages … … … … … …| 100.0 115.4 147.5 143.9 157.6 162.7 | 108.1 103.8 114.9 129.8 146.9 153.8 164.9 178.8 …
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and narcotics … … … … … …| 100.0 119.6 146.9 157.4 162.9 178.8 | 113.1 108.9 113.6 122.3 149.6 154.4 159.5 177.3 …
Clothing and footwear … … … … … …| 100.0 163.5 201.0 209.0 223.0 226.5 | 100.0 103.5 107.9 112.8 116.2 117.6 120.5 124.4 …
Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels … … … … … …| 100.0 107.5 122.5 135.5 143.6 144.6 | 138.3 104.0 107.3 111.0 114.0 115.7 120.0 144.8 …
Furnishings, household equipment, and routine household maintenance … … … … … …| 100.0 113.4 142.6 126.5 139.1 128.8 | 101.3 100.7 104.3 113.0 124.2 125.0 127.3 131.8 …
Health … … … … … …| 100.0 125.8 148.0 127.3 163.4 168.2 | 94.0 101.2 103.3 115.8 136.5 138.9 140.7 144.5 …
Transport … … … … … …| 100.0 106.0 125.5 107.8 119.9 171.3 | 59.4 95.5 95.0 92.8 92.2 98.7 105.9 112.3 …
Communication … … … … … …| 100.0 … … … … …| … 97.0 96.5 96.8 97.1 103.1 109.7 109.9 …
Recreation and culture … … … … … …| 100.0 90.3 105.8 115.9 163.1 163.1 | 94.5 104.1 107.7 107.8 108.2 108.8 111.1 145.1 …
Education … … … … … …| 100.0 148.5 194.6 319.3 313.9 305.3 | 124.1 104.5 104.5 104.5 104.5 104.5 106.8 107.8 …
Restaurants and hotels … … … … … …| 100.0 117.6 157.9 183.0 190.3 185.6 | 105.8 102.4 102.7 106.7 115.4 117.4 124.4 128.4 …
Miscellaneous goods and services … … … … … …| 100.0 99.7 118.7 129.7 154.9 163.4 | 111.8 100.7 101.0 110.6 122.2 125.4 129.1 136.3 …
Implicit GDP deflator; 2000/2001 | 2005/2006 | 2010/2011 | 2015/2016 = 100 2,545.7 | 124.8 176.7 212.9 220.5 262.8 | 121.3 150.0 170.4 178.7 | 100.0 110.3 113.7 118.7 123.6 128.8 | 100.0 105.4 111.1 118.1 …

Price Indexes (% annual change)

Consumer price index (national) -0.2 21.2 57.0 36.6 4.5 9.4 20.0 19.0 19.7 1.5 7.7 5.0 1.5 8.9 5.0 9.5 6.9 4.6 6.8 8.9 3.8
Food and nonalcoholic beverages price index (national) … … … … … … … 18.7 21.0 -1.3 7.4 2.9 … 6.8 6.9 13.1 9.2 4.4 6.6 9.0 2.8
Implicit GDP deflator 2.5 24.8 41.5 20.5 3.6 19.2 21.3 23.6 13.6 4.9 7.0 10.3 3.1 4.4 4.2 4.1 … 5.4 5.4 6.3 5.7*

MONEY AND INTEREST RATES as of end of period (MK billion)

Money supply (M1) 499.7 695.5 1,001.4 1,175.4 1,471.8 1,931.7 2,445.6 3,181.1 3,385.4 4,199.2 5,548.9 6,702.8 7,735.3 9,610.0 10,918.1 14,396.0 14,496.4 15,807.3 17,178.7 19,108.4 …
Currency in circulationu 378.0 494.6 718.6 1,102.9 1,347.6 1,743.7 2,152.9 2,696.7 2,922.6 3,568.6 4,278.9 5,132.6 5,856.8 6,949.2 7,622.8 9,392.5 9,601.8 10,390.9 11,786.6 12,810.4 …
Demand deposits 121.7 200.9 282.8 72.5 124.2 188.0 292.7 484.5 462.7 630.6 1,270.0 1,570.2 1,878.6 2,660.9 3,295.3 5,003.5 4,894.7 5,416.4 5,392.1 6,297.9 …
Quasi-money 335.7 458.5 563.2 400.7 610.1 718.7 928.6 1,202.7 1,651.3 2,380.6 3,827.3 5,542.6 8,497.1 11,723.5 14,886.3 19,323.3 25,106.5 31,931.1 37,515.3 44,087.5 …
Money supply (M2) 835.3 1,154.0 1,564.6 1,576.1 2,081.9 2,650.4 3,374.2 4,383.8 5,036.7 6,579.8 9,376.2 12,245.5 16,232.5 21,333.5 25,804.4 33,719.3 39,603.0 47,738.4 54,694.0 63,195.9 …
Foreign assets (net) 1.2 -8.9 -8.0 -9.5 -9.9 -10.3 -7.1 -1.8 2.4 5.6 6.7 24.6 5,535.4 5,591.5 7,461.2 10,392.9 9,464.0 9,376.6 10,970.6 10,782.4 …
Domestic credit 686.0 1,177.1 1,584.7 1,667.6 2,229.0 2,833.7 3,598.5 4,713.5 5,407.8 7,172.5 10,030.2 12,800.4 11,645.6 15,519.2 18,885.3 24,208.3 31,342.5 38,473.9 45,258.9 52,942.3 …
Claims on government sector 445.4 712.6 929.7 1,294.9 1,766.9 2,252.7 2,936.7 3,906.5 4,485.0 5,988.3 8,127.1 9,642.1 4,281.3 6,571.7 6,325.9 8,949.9 12,048.4 14,469.3 18,156.9 22,171.4 …
Claims on private sector 240.6 390.4 581.9 316.0 430.4 572.2 653.4 799.0 912.4 1,176.9 1,896.1 3,124.3 4,772.4 7,447.8 10,139.9 13,171.9 17,537.0 21,939.7 26,273.3 30,003.2 …
Claims on other financial institutions 0.0 74.1 73.0 56.7 31.8 8.8 8.4 8.1 10.4 7.3 7.0 34.0 2,591.9 1,499.7 2,419.5 2,086.5 1,757.1 2,064.8 828.7 767.7 …
Other items 148.1 -14.1 -12.1 -82.0 -137.3 -173.0 -217.2 -327.8 -373.5 -598.2 -660.7 -579.5 -948.6 222.9 -542.1 -881.9 -1,203.5 -112.2 -1,535.5 -528.8 …

Money Supply (M2) (% annual change) 42.2 38.1 35.6 0.7 32.1 27.3 27.3 29.9 14.9 30.6 42.5 30.6 32.6 31.4 21.0 30.7 17.4 20.5 14.6 15.5 …
M2 (% of GDP at current producer prices) 32.7 32.5 27.8 20.4 22.9 21.6 20.0 18.8 17.2 19.4 23.6 26.4 31.7 36.8 39.5 46.4 53.4 57.7 58.9 60.0 …

Deposit Money Banksv

Demand depositsw 121.7 208.8 292.8 83.5 138.3 184.4 237.2 484.5 462.7 630.6 1,270.0 1,570.2 1,878.6 2,660.9 3,295.3 5,003.5 4,894.7 5,416.4 5,392.1 6,297.9 …
Savings depositsx 300.7 399.5 456.6 354.4 570.7 674.4 877.0 1,202.7 1,651.3 2,380.6 3,121.5 5,264.1 7,091.8 9,262.5 10,797.9 13,054.6 16,216.7 19,462.2 22,877.1 26,750.1 …

GOVERNMENT FINANCE fiscal year beginning 1 April | beginning 1 October (MK billion)
General Governmentp
Revenue … … … … … … … … … … … … 5,033 6,471 9,061 8,603 9,307 9,755 10,160 | 10,782 …
Taxes … … … … … … … … … … … … 3,404 4,259 5,096 5,473 6,236 6,514 6,840 | 7,406 …
Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,438 1,807 2,242 2,341 2,324 2,264 2,325 | 2,692 …
Payable by individuals … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Payable by corporations and other enterprises … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 685 436 421 765 | 558 …
Other taxes on income, profits, and capital gains … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,438 1,807 2,242 1,656 1,888 1,842 1,559 | 2,134 …
Taxes on payroll and workforce … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Taxes on property … … … … … … … … … … … … 10 11 12 30 37 43 68 | 67 …
Taxes on goods and services … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,538 2,036 2,270 2,496 3,339 3,615 3,843 | 4,124 …
Taxes on international trade and transaction … … … … … … … … … … … … 368 363 496 467 480 524 530 | 464 …
Other taxes … … … … … … … … … … … … 51 42 76 139 56 68 75 | 59 …
Social contributions … … … … … … … … … … … … – 9 31 53 73 89 95 | 130 …
Grants … … … … … … … … … … … … 26 76 166 247 342 206 582 | 345 …
Other revenue … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,602 2,126 3,768 2,830 2,655 2,948 2,643 | 2,901 …
MYANMAR
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Expense … … … … … … … … … … … … 3,665 4,535 5,867 6,600 7,125 7,893 8,909 | 8,846 …
Compensation of employees … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,163 1,025 1,872 1,856 2,699 2,871 3,483 | 2,519 …
Use of goods and services … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,162 1,431 2,215 1,837 1,948 3,086 2,083 | 4,085 …
Consumption of fixed capital … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Interest … … … … … … … … … … … … 612 638 721 706 911 1,172 1,399 | 1,467 …
Subsidies … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Grants … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Social benefits … … … … … … … … … … … … 211 283 360 565 598 624 708 | 760 …
Other expense … … … … … … … … … … … … 518 1,159 699 1,636 969 140 1,235 | 15 …
Net operating balance … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Gross operating balance … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,368 1,936 3,194 2,003 2,181 1,862 1,251 | 1,936 …
Transactions in Nonfinancial Assets
Net/gross investment in nonfinancial assetsy … … … … … … … … … … … … 3,621 3,817 4,824 5,215 4,595 4,916 6,724 | 6,132 …
Fixed assets … … … … … … … … … … … … 3,621 3,817 4,824 5,215 4,595 4,916 6,724 | 6,132 …
Inventories … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Valuables … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Nonproduced assets … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Expenditure … … … … … … … … … … … … 7,285 8,352 10,691 11,814 11,720 12,810 15,633 | 14,978 …
Net lending/Net borrowing … … … … … … … … … … … … -2,253 -1,881 -1,630 -3,212 -2,414 -3,054 -5,473 | -4,196 …
Primary balance … … … … … … … … … … … … -1,641 -1,243 -909 -2,506 -1,502 -1,882 -4,074 | -2,729 …
Transactions in Financial Assets and Liabilities (Financing)
Net acquisition of financial assets … … … … … … … … … … … … 26 59 170 320 118 -28 6| -1 …
Domestic … … … … … … … … … … … … 23 57 169 306 110 -35 -23 | -9 …
External … … … … … … … … … … … … 2 2 2 14 8 8 29 | 9 …
Net incurrence of liabilities … … … … … … … … … … … … 906 1,203 589 3,695 2,464 2,949 931 | 3,398 …
Domestic … … … … … … … … … … … … 886 1,185 460 3,236 2,297 2,703 -2 | 2,957 …
External … … … … … … … … … … … … 19 18 128 459 167 246 933 | 441 …

Government Financez (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Revenue … … … … … … … … … … … … 9.8 11.2 13.9 11.8 12.5 11.8 10.9 | 10.2 …
Taxes … … … … … … … … … … … … 6.6 7.3 7.8 7.5 8.4 7.9 7.4 | 7.0 …
Taxes payable by individuals … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Taxes payable by corporations and other enterprises … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.8 | 0.5 …
Expenditure … … … … … … … … … … … … 14.2 14.4 16.4 16.2 15.8 15.5 16.8 | 14.2 …
Net lending/Net borrowing … … … … … … … … … … … … -4.4 -3.2 -2.5 -4.4 -3.3 -3.7 -5.9 | -4.0 …
Primary balance … … … … … … … … … … … … -3.2 -2.1 -1.4 -3.4 -2.0 -2.3 -4.4 | -2.6 …

Expenditure by Function, General Government p

Total expenditure … … … … … … … … … … … … 7,285 8,352 10,691 11,814 11,720 12,810 15,633 | 14,978 …
General public services … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,535 1,401 1,655 1,838 1,909 2,366 2,939 | 2,880 …
Defense … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,887 2,223 2,471 3,141 2,953 3,180 3,243 | 3,302 …
Public order and safety … … … … … … … … … … … … 196 290 392 403 467 500 566 | 592 …
Economic affairs … … … … … … … … … … … … 1,665 1,901 3,098 2,711 2,788 2,763 3,509 | 3,245 …
Environmental protection … … … … … … … … … … … … 5 24 9 10 41 51 73 | 37 …
Housing and community amenities … … … … … … … … … … … … 251 484 655 704 511 636 988 | 927 …
Health … … … … … … … … … … … … 381 485 662 752 704 830 1,088 | 803 …
Recreation, culture, and religion … … … … … … … … … … … … 377 241 122 109 114 126 202 | 193 …
Education … … … … … … … … … … … … 774 1,007 1,240 1,549 1,602 1,660 2,183 | 2,100 …
Social protection … … … … … … … … … … … … 215 296 388 596 630 697 843 | 899 …

Expenditure by Functionz (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Education … … … … … … … … … … … … 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.4 | 2.0 …
Health … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.2 | 0.8 …
Social protection … … … … … … … … … … … … 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 | 0.9 …

EXTERNAL TRADE calendar year ($ million)

Exports, fob 1,756 2,361 3,010 2,460 2,371 3,836 4,569 6,312 6,967 6,702 8,872 9,246 8,900 11,233 11,452 11,432 11,837 13,878 16,704 18,110 …
Imports, cif 2,407 2,885 2,329 2,078 2,188 1,934 2,552 3,301 4,305 4,385 4,866 9,098 9,201 12,043 16,220 16,913 15,706 19,253 19,355 18,607 …
Trade balance -651 -524 681 382 183 1,902 2,017 3,011 2,662 2,317 4,006 148 -301 -810 -4,768 -5,481 -3,869 -5,375 -2,651 -497 …

External Trade (% annual change)

Exports 53.1 34.5 27.5 -18.3 -3.6 61.8 19.1 38.1 10.4 -3.8 32.4 4.2 -3.7 26.2 1.9 -0.2 3.5 17.2 20.4 8.4 …
Imports 3.3 19.9 -19.3 -10.8 5.3 -11.6 32.0 29.3 30.4 1.9 11.0 87.0 1.1 30.9 34.7 4.3 -7.1 22.6 0.5 -3.9 …

Direction of Trade calendar year ($ million)

Exports, total 3,496.8 4,342.4 4,501.1 4,226.9 4,514.7 5,287.2 6,090.1 6,574.2 8,019.0 7,607.5 7,899.3 8,153.3 9,078.8 11,447.1 11,408.9 11,431.9 11,836.9 13,878.3 16,704.2 18,112.0 16,249.6
1. China, People's Republic of 95.7 102.8 104.7 129.2 156.7 205.3 183.2 248.4 373.1 229.0 260.3 1,515.3 1,382.9 3,053.1 4,452.0 4,511.6 4,931.7 5,397.4 5,573.4 5,746.5 4,282.1
2. Thailand 263.1 830.8 939.1 934.8 1,391.8 1,839.0 2,428.6 2,410.1 3,557.1 3,056.9 3,179.6 3,216.9 2,394.6 4,598.1 3,825.3 3,346.5 2,241.5 2,698.5 3,057.1 3,256.9 3,311.9
MYANMAR
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
3. Japan 116.5 99.6 107.6 135.9 174.6 196.1 236.0 273.2 274.1 254.0 217.7 310.0 373.6 780.0 570.9 429.6 663.4 903.0 1,391.0 1,435.5 1,285.2
4. India 289.8 473.0 624.7 453.2 414.6 661.8 801.2 1,061.4 1,147.7 1,337.1 958.2 929.2 2,763.5 811.5 493.1 958.2 1,038.1 708.1 574.1 635.2 899.9
5. United States 491.4 506.2 384.3 299.9 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.4 8.1 12.0 11.1 36.0 61.9 150.3 275.9 491.0 835.2 904.6
6. Singapore 650.4 653.0 647.6 624.5 611.6 649.0 610.2 601.8 628.7 658.0 457.8 396.8 356.5 657.4 460.7 566.7 890.8 735.2 493.3 337.4 132.4
7. Germany … … … … … … … … … … … … 9.2 26.2 52.4 76.1 172.4 360.3 505.4 641.7 552.6
8. Korea, Republic of 26.9 44.0 58.1 42.2 38.7 62.1 75.9 102.8 113.2 109.7 127.1 207.0 294.8 326.9 370.0 266.2 334.8 300.7 445.8 530.6 464.2
9. United Kingdom 65.8 81.7 84.1 85.2 110.5 55.4 52.4 42.8 42.9 34.5 35.2 97.4 10.1 56.1 42.4 36.2 69.0 288.9 423.0 535.9 489.1
10. Netherlands 23.2 24.9 10.7 13.2 19.1 9.1 12.3 10.8 6.4 6.3 5.2 5.9 3.5 20.4 19.8 51.9 55.2 163.7 360.3 481.0 545.3

Imports, total 3,179.8 2,579.6 3,134.9 3,029.4 3,096.2 3,064.7 3,289.0 4,290.1 5,342.5 4,337.8 4,948.2 8,671.9 7,957.0 12,134.7 16,370.4 17,007.7 15,715.0 19,247.3 19,351.7 18,596.3 19,742.7
1. China, People's Republic of 310.4 256.8 368.5 460.7 474.1 467.9 592.6 796.8 849.2 765.1 964.0 2,303.7 2,496.6 3,662.5 5,024.9 6,434.9 5,392.7 6,115.7 6,223.5 6,446.9 7,002.7
2. Singapore 682.8 538.1 652.3 808.6 807.0 733.2 681.1 908.5 1,392.1 799.8 1,122.2 2,529.6 2,076.4 2,276.4 3,755.1 3,659.9 2,635.7 2,931.1 3,693.5 3,391.7 3,117.3
3. Thailand 342.9 182.2 160.3 217.2 297.8 344.7 364.5 439.3 550.7 503.3 467.8 760.8 769.5 1,031.3 1,586.9 1,958.1 1,948.1 2,166.7 2,601.5 2,192.4 1,879.9
4. India 72.9 213.7 186.5 141.4 129.0 112.8 148.8 187.5 163.6 134.2 161.5 311.0 280.0 371.6 659.6 474.0 1,103.5 975.1 990.8 701.9 736.2
5. Malaysia 407.5 307.0 365.8 213.9 226.4 367.2 240.6 287.2 380.9 168.2 134.9 281.3 271.2 432.9 966.8 530.9 648.2 999.1 814.8 944.7 1,045.5
6. Indonesia 73.2 235.1 205.9 156.2 142.7 125.3 166.7 213.3 279.5 285.5 203.3 360.0 156.4 335.9 529.3 587.8 451.5 918.5 936.2 906.4 984.6
7. Japan 304.2 160.5 92.6 100.0 84.5 73.7 83.3 141.7 151.5 162.7 217.2 400.5 885.7 1,589.4 1,647.9 1,534.6 1,253.9 1,055.1 696.1 501.5 597.7
8. Viet Nam 4.7 118.0 106.0 80.2 72.9 63.2 81.8 99.2 114.0 84.6 38.0 59.4 55.4 147.5 238.3 268.7 357.9 572.0 586.5 624.9 640.3
9. Korea, Republic of 305.7 233.6 184.2 139.6 127.2 110.9 145.1 180.2 220.0 192.6 252.6 541.2 245.5 1,405.3 462.4 412.2 499.3 528.3 439.9 450.6 539.3
10. United States 74.8 21.4 16.1 12.4 17.1 10.9 13.2 14.2 16.3 12.6 25.0 200.3 65.8 111.5 492.1 103.1 163.8 694.8 324.8 346.6 2.1

BALANCE OF PAYMENTSaa calendar year ($ million)

Current account -243 -169 9 -21 -79 590 787 1,266 1,262 1,093 1,963 | -1,633 -1,228 -506 | -2,418 -3,074 -1,810 -4,797 -2,332 … …
Balance on goods -516 58 379 790 464 2,038 2,196 2,801 3,026 2,647 3,553 | 236 793 97 | -1,863 -3,841 -3,557 -5,766 -4,115 … …
Exports 1,619 2,443 2,526 2,687 2,446 3,810 4,531 5,766 6,303 6,260 7,847 | 8,263 8,935 10,217 | 10,039 9,975 9,248 9,810 11,082 … …
Imports -2,135 -2,384 -2,147 -1,898 -1,982 -1,772 -2,335 -2,966 -3,276 -3,613 -4,294 | -8,027 -8,142 -10,120 | 11,901 13,817 12,806 15,576 15,197 … …
Balance on services -24 -431 -530 -904 -699 -1,624 -1,532 -1,743 -2,078 -1,867 -1,822 | -426 -282 228 | 916 1,355 1,270 937 1,196 … …
Credit 557 445 408 276 290 317 412 472 477 427 702 | 674 1,041 1,683 | 3,114 3,753 3,785 3,818 4,653 … …
Debit -581 -877 -938 -1,180 -989 -1,940 -1,944 -2,216 -2,555 -2,293 -2,523 | -1,100 -1,323 -1,455 | 2,198 2,398 2,515 2,881 3,457 … …
Balance on primary income … … … … … … … … … … …| -1,841 -2,270 -1,957 | -2,751 -2,312 -1,708 -2,013 -1,770 … …
Credit … … … … … … … … … … …| 202 311 237 | 806 872 973 1,183 1,344 … …
Debit … … … … … … … … … … …| -2,043 -2,581 -2,194 | 3,558 3,183 2,682 3,196 3,114 … …
Balance on secondary income 297 204 161 94 156 175 122 208 313 313 232 | 398 531 1,126 | 1,280 1,724 2,186 2,044 2,357 … …
Credit 297 218 185 117 182 199 161 235 366 377 340 | 503 665 1,516 | 1,998 2,242 2,599 2,310 2,696 … …
Debit -0 -14 -24 -23 -26 -24 -39 -27 -53 -64 -109 | -105 -134 -391 | 718 517 414 266 339 … …
Capital account – – – – – – – … … … … … … …| – – 0 1 0 … …
Credit … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 0 1 0 … …
Debit … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Financial account 160 117 96 136 211 167 195 … … … 1,853 | 2,993 2,328 2,862 | -1,314 -4,131 -4,577 -5,885 -2,416 … …
Direct investment 255 211 190 250 269 239 277 715 872 1,077 1,492 | 2,539 1,342 2,244 | -2,176 -4,098 -3,275 -4,733 -1,610 … …
Portfolio investment – – – – – – – … … … … … … …| -16 0 -36 -3 – … …
Financial derivatives … … … … … … … … … … … … … …| 1,110 386 -1,601 -394 -539 … …
Other investment -95 -94 -93 -113 -58 -72 -83 … … … 361 | 454 986 617 | -232 -419 334 -754 -268 … …
Net errors and omissions 60 230 -37 -40 -7 -625 … … … … …| -44 -1,107 -737 | 1,776 -973 -2,275 -805 349 … …
Overall balance -23 178 69 75 125 132 982 … … … …| 1,316 -6 1,619 | 672 84 492 284 433 … …
Reserves and related items 23 -178 -69 -75 -125 -132 -982 … … … …| -1,316 6 -1,619 | 672 84 492 284 433 … …
International investment position … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

Balance of Payments (% of GDP at current producer prices)

Exports 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 11.2 16.4 15.1 15.9 15.4 16.1 17.1 … …
Imports 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 10.2 16.3 18.0 22.1 21.3 25.6 23.4 … …
Balance on goods -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.0 0.2 -2.8 -6.1 -5.9 -9.5 -6.3 … …
Current account balance -0.1 -0.0 0.0 -0.0 -0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.0 -1.5 -0.8 -3.6 -4.9 -3.0 -7.9 -3.6 … …
Overall balance -0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 … … … … 0.0 -0.0 2.6 1.0 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.7 … …

INTERNATIONAL RESERVES as of end of period ($ million)

Total 233.5 410.6 481.0 562.3 684.7 782.3 1,247.8 3,101.8 3,730.1 5,264.5 5,729.5 7,016.5 6,976.6 8,566.7 4,508.5 4,599.1 4,889.7 5,213.8 5,645.7 5,822.3 7,669.8
Gold, national valuation 10.6 10.2 11.0 12.0 12.6 11.6 12.2 12.9 12.6 12.8 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.6 280.9 248.2 271.1 302.8 298.8 354.0 441.7
Foreign exchange 222.8 399.9 469.9 550.1 672.1 770.5 1,235.4 3,088.5 3,717.4 5,138.4 5,714.3 7,003.0 6,963.5 8,552.3 4,224.9 4,348.4 4,616.4 4,910.2 5,346.8 5,468.0 7,224.0
Reserve position in the IMF – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
SDRs 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 113.3 2.6 1.0 0.5 1.7 2.8 2.5 2.2 0.8 0.1 0.3 4.1

EXCHANGE RATESab (MK–$)

End of period 6.6 6.9 6.3 5.8 5.6 6.0 5.7 5.4 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 | 855.0 988.0 1,031.5 1,304.0 1,357.5 1,362.0 1,550.0 1,465.5 1,329.1
Average of period 6.5 6.7 6.6 6.1 5.8 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.4 | 640.7 933.6 984.3 1,162.6 1,234.9 1,360.4 1,429.8 1,518.3 1,381.6

EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS as of end of year ($ million)

Total debt outstanding and disbursed 6,482.2 6,092.5 6,706.7 7,436.4 7,706.3 7,177.9 7,518.9 8,067.2 8,957.3 9,495.4 10,164.2 11,107.4 11,301.8 10,199.6 10,243.6 10,292.8 10,106.9 10,759.1 10,684.5 11,114.4 …
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Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Long-term debt 5,899.3 5,524.2 6,003.9 6,596.6 6,790.6 6,327.6 6,609.7 7,073.7 7,832.7 8,023.3 8,607.1 9,507.1 9,939.2 9,789.7 9,797.9 9,853.2 9,685.5 10,312.3 10,238.0 10,708.5 …
Public and publicly guaranteed 5,899.3 5,524.2 6,003.9 6,596.6 6,790.6 6,327.6 6,609.7 7,073.7 7,832.7 8,023.3 8,607.1 9,507.1 9,939.2 9,789.7 9,797.9 9,787.0 9,638.3 10,284.0 10,223.8 10,680.7 …
Private nonguaranteed … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … 66.1 47.2 28.3 14.2 27.8 …
Short-term debt 526.3 513.7 643.7 775.2 848.1 788.2 843.8 924.8 1,057.6 1,086.8 1,178.6 1,222.9 984.9 31.4 89.6 99.0 91.1 96.8 104.7 66.1 …
Use of IMF credit 56.6 54.6 59.1 64.6 67.5 62.1 65.4 68.7 67.0 385.3 378.5 377.3 377.7 378.5 356.1 340.6 330.4 350.0 341.8 339.8 …

External debt (% of GNI) 72.8 94.1 99.0 71.1 73.0 59.9 51.9 40.0 28.1 25.7 20.5 18.5 19.6 17.5 16.3 15.6 15.5 16.1 14.5 15.2 …
Total long-term debt (% of total debt) 91.0 90.7 89.5 88.7 88.1 88.2 87.9 87.7 87.4 84.5 84.7 85.6 87.9 96.0 95.6 95.7 95.8 95.8 95.8 96.3 …
Short-term debt (% of total debt) 8.1 8.4 9.6 10.4 11.0 11.0 11.2 11.5 11.8 11.4 11.6 11.0 8.7 0.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.6 …
Debt service (% of exports of goods and services) 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.8 3.1 2.6 12.0 19.7 4.6 3.6 5.5 4.4 4.9 3.8 …

Debt service transactions during the year ($ million)

Principal repayments on long-term debt 16.3 13.4 15.6 17.2 19.1 21.9 37.7 53.9 63.0 81.8 201.0 148.2 885.5 1,689.0 327.4 260.2 493.5 429.5 529.9 501.0 794.7
Interest on long-term debt 2.0 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.1 16.3 22.5 25.0 28.8 42.0 79.0 284.1 746.6 316.1 263.3 280.0 225.7 308.9 207.4 198.9
Interest on short-term debt … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …

Average terms of new commitments

Interest rate (% per annum) 6.8 2.0 1.0 2.7 1.9 2.9 2.5 2.1 3.8 4.4 3.7 4.4 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 1.3 0.2 0.5 1.6 …
Maturity (years) 15.4 14.3 15.4 14.4 16.5 12.6 17.2 20.3 20.5 21.0 19.5 18.9 30.0 36.2 38.3 37.8 29.8 38.8 36.3 31.3 …
Grace period (years) 6.1 3.0 4.4 5.4 6.3 3.1 6.4 7.2 6.0 6.0 5.0 4.9 8.6 9.2 9.7 8.0 6.8 8.7 9.0 7.5 …
Grant element (%) -14.6 19.7 29.2 17.2 25.6 11.3 21.1 27.7 10.1 5.4 11.0 3.7 48.2 58.8 61.4 57.0 41.2 62.6 57.7 40.3 …

… = data not available; | = marks break in series; 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; – = magnitude equals zero; $ = United States dollars; cif = cost, insurance, and freight; fob = free on board; ft3 = cubic feet; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI =
gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; km2 = square kilometer; kWh = kilowatt-hour; L = liter; MK = kyats; NPISHs = nonprofit institutions serving households; SDRs = special drawing rights; t = metric ton.

a For 2000–2013, data were obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) database (World Bank). For 2014–2019, data are based on the results of 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census. For 2020, the figure is taken from the Thematic
Report on Population Projections for the Union of Myanmar, States/Regions, Rural and Urban Areas, 2014–2050.
b For 2014, data are from the 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census; for 2015, from the Myanmar Labour Force, Child Labour, and School to Work Transition Survey 2015; for 2017, from the Myanmar Annual Labour Force Survey 2017; for 2018, from
the Myanmar Annual Labour Force Survey 2018; and for 2019, from the 2019 Inter-Censal Survey. All data sources cover the population 15 years and older.
c Includes professional, scientific, and technical activities; administrative and support service activities; public administration and defense; compulsory social security; human health and social work activities; education; arts, entertainment, and recreation; other
service activities; activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use; and activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies.
d For 2000–2015, the fiscal year is April–March. For 2016 onward, the fiscal year is October–September. For 2015 and 2016, there is an overlap of 6 months in the data due to the shift in the fiscal year from April–March to October–September.
e Includes real estate activities.
f Includes accommodation and food service activities.
g Includes information and communication.
h Included in wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
i Included in transportation and storage.
j Included in construction.
k Includes professional, scientific, and technical activities; and administrative and support service activities.
l A significant change from 2010 onward was due to the adoption of the managed float exchange rate regime for the kyat against the United States (US) dollar by the Central Bank of Myanmar.
m Refers to total final consumption expenditure.
n For 2000–2013, derived based on official GDP estimates from Myanmar's Central Statistical Organization and on population data from the WDI database.
o For 2010–2015, the fiscal year is April–March. For 2016 onward, the fiscal year is October–September.
p For 2018, there is an overlap of 6 months in the data due to the shift in the fiscal year from April–March to October–September.
q For 2009 onward, data converted from barrels to metric tons using a conversion factor of 1 barrel = 0.15897882 metric tons.
r Terajoule figures converted to million cubic feet using 0.947867299 as conversion factor.
s For 2001 onward, data are only for the Myanmar Electric Power Enterprise, which is the main distributor of electric power in Myanmar.
t For 2002 onward, data refer to units sold by the Myanmar Electric Power Enterprise.
u According to the IMF's Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual, currency outside depository corporations is defined as currency outside the central bank less currency holdings of other depository corporations.
v For 2007–2011, data are as amended by the IMF Supplemental Reserve Facility format, and from official communication from the Government of Myanmar's Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development.
w Excludes government deposits.
x For 2007–2011, includes savings, time, and other deposits.
y Refers to acquisition of nonfinancial assets.
z For 2016–2018, the numerator has the fiscal year April–March and the denominator has the fiscal year October–September. For other years, the numerator and denominator have the same fiscal year.
aa For 2000–2010, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (fourth edition). For 2011–2013, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (fifth edition). For 2014–2018, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments and
International Investment Position Manual (sixth edition). For 2012 onward, figures use the managed float exchange rate regime for the kyat against the US dollar adopted by the Central Bank of Myanmar.
ab For 2000–2011, the official exchange rate was pegged to the SDRs. From 1 April 2012 onward, the Central Bank of Myanmar adopted the managed float exchange rate regime for the kyat against the US dollar.

Sources:

Population For 2000–2013: World Bank. World Development Indicators. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators# (accessed 1 July
2017).
For 2014–2019: Government of Myanmar, Central Statistical Organization (CSO). Official communication, 27 May 2020.
For 2020: Government of Myanmar, Department of Population. Official Website: Population. https://www.dop.gov.mm/en/publication-category/thematic-report (accessed
30 April 2021).

Urban population (% of total population) For 2000–2013: World Bank. World Development Indicators. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=world-development-indicators# (accessed 1 July
2017).
For 2014–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020.
For 2020: United Nations. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision, Online Edition. https://population.un.org/wup/Download/ (accessed 12 April 2021).

Labor Force For 2000–2018: CSO. Official communication, 16 June 2020; past communication.
MYANMAR
Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2021
https://kidb.adb.org/

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
For 2019: Government of Myanmar, Department of Population. Official website: Labor Force. https://www.dop.gov.mm/en/data-and-maps-category/main-report-1
(accessed 4 May 2021).

National Accounts For 2000–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.
For 2020: Asian Development Bank. Asian Development Outlook 2021. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/692111/ado2021.pdf.

Production Index CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Energy CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Crude petroleum For 2000–2008: United Nations (UN). Energy Statistics Database. http://www.data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=ILO&f=srID%3a4230 (accessed May 2013).
For 2009–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Imports For 2000–2008: UN. 2014. Energy Statistics Yearbook 2011. New York. http://unstats.un.org/UNSD/energy/yearbook/2011/214.pdf.
For 2009–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Consumption For 2000–2011: UN. 2014. Energy Statistics Yearbook 2011. New York. http://unstats.un.org/UNSD/energy/yearbook/2011/214.pdf.
For 2012–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Price Indexes For 2000–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.
For 2020: CSO. Official website: Macroeconomic and Financial Data. https://www.csostat.gov.mm/Home/NSDP (accessed 3 June 2021).

Implicit GDP deflator For 2000–2019: CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.
For 2020: Asian Development Bank. Asian Development Outlook 2021. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/692111/ado2021.pdf.

Money and Interest Rates CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Government Finance CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

External Trade CSO. Official communication, 27 May 2020; past communication.

Direction of Trade International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction of Trade Statistics. http://data.imf.org/?sk=9D6028D4-F14A-464C-A2F2-59B2CD424B85 (accessed 29 June 2021).

Balance of Payments Government of Myanmar, Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development. Official communication, 4 May 2020; past communication.

International Reserves IMF. International Financial Statistics. http://data.imf.org/ (accessed 3 June 2021).

Exchange Rates IMF. International Financial Statistics. http://data.imf.org/ (accessed 3 June 2021).

External Indebtedness World Bank. International Debt Statistics. https://data.worldbank.org/products/ids (accessed 3 June 2021).