EVALUACIN CLCULO IV.

20%
Apellidos y Nombres:
1.- YURAIMA TOLEDO CI N 10.321.333
2.- CARMEN ALVARADO CI N 10.327.340
Objetivo #18: Calcular la Transformada de Laplace usando la definicin. Valor:
4%. Criterio de Aprobacin: 80%.
18.1.- Sea

1 0t 4

f (t ) t 2 4 t 9
e 3t
9t

, calcular

l f (t )

usando la definicin.

Solucin:
Por definicin se tiene
L ( f t )=0 es t f t d t c o n f t=

1 0 <t < 4
t 2 y< t < 9
e 3 t 9< t

L ( f t )=0 est ( 1 ) d t+ 4 est t 2 d t+ 9 est e 3t dt

4

Calculamos la primera ecuacin:

0 es t ( 1 ) d t= 0 es t d t
4

1 s t
e
S

1 4 s
( e e0 s ) 1 ( e 4 s1 )
S
S
e4 s 1
+
s
S

(I)

Calculamos la segunda ecuacin:

4 est t 2 dt u=t 2 d u=2t d t d v=est v= s

9

4 e
9

s t 2

t =

2
4 1 s t
t s t
e
e
2t d t
s
s
9

est

4 es t t 2 =
9

t st 2
e + 4 es t t d t
s
s
9

s t

u=t d u=d t d u=e

4 es t t 2 d t =
9

v=

1 s t
e
s

t st
2 1 s t
2 1 s t
e +
e
t
e dt
s
s s
s s
2

4 e

t 2 s t 2 t s t 2
s t
t d t=
e
e + 2e d t
2
s
s
s

4 e

t 2 es t 9 2 t s t 9
2 1 s t 9
t d t=

e + 2
e
2
s
4 s
4
4
s s

4 e

t 2 s t
2 t
2
t d t=
e 9 2 es t 9 3 es t 9
s
4 s
4 s
4

s t 2

s t 2

s t 2

Evaluamos

81 e9 s 16 e4 s
18 9 s 8 4 s
2 9 s 2 4 s
+
+
e + 2e
+ 3 e + 3e
s
s
s2
s
s
s

)(

)(

81 e9 s 16 e4 s 18 e9 s 8 e4 s 2 e9 s 2 e4 s
+

+
s
s
s2
s2
s3
s3
81 s e9 s18 e9 s 8 e4 s +16 s e4 s
2 e4 s2 e 9 s
+
+

2
2
3
s
s
s
81 s e9 s 18 e9 s + 8 e4 s + 16 s e4 s 2 e4 s 2 e9 s
+
s2
s3

Calculamos 3

es t e 3 t d t 9 e( s3 )t d t= lim

1
lim e( s3 ) A lim e ( s 3) 9
s 3 A
A

1 (s 3) t A
e

s3
9

)
( s 3) 9

1 ( (s 3) 9 )
e
( s3 ) 9
e
=e
=
s3
s3

e ( s3) 9
s3

L ( f t )=c u a n d o f t =

4 s

L ( f t )=

e
s

1 0<t < 4
2
t y <t <9
3t
e
9<t
9 s

1 81 s e
+ +
s

9 s

18 e

4 s

+8e

4 s

+ 16 s e

s2

4 s

2e

9 s

2 e
s3

( s3 ) 9

s3

Objetivo #19: Calcular la Transformada de Laplace usando propiedades. Valor:

4%. Criterio de Aprobacin: 80%.
19.1.- Calcular

usando propiedades, siendo

l f (t )

f (t ) tsen 2 3t

Solucin:
n

d
L ( t n f ( t ) ) =(1) n
F ( s ) con F(s)= L ( f (t ) )
n
ds
1

1 d
2
F ( s ) con F(s) =
L ( t s e n 3 t ) = (1)
n

ds

L ( t s e n 2 3 t ) =

d F (s )
ds

Cos 2 u = 1 2 sen 2 u

y f(t) = s e n 2 3 t

L ( f (t ) )

:: F(s) = ( s e n 2 3 t )
2 sen 2 u

1-cos 2u

Sen 2 u = 1 ( 1cos 2 u )
2
1
2
s e n 3 t = ( 1cos 6 t )
2

F(s) = L 1 (1cos 6 t )

(2

1
1
F ( s )= L 1 L ( c o s 6 t )
2
2
F ( s )=

1
1
s
* 2
2s
2 s + 36

d F (s) 1 d
1
1 d
s
=
*

* 2
ds
2 ds
s
2 ds
s + 36

( )

2
2
d F ( s ) 1 1
1 s + 362 s
= * 2 *
2
2
ds
2
2
s
( s + 36 )

( )

2
d F ( s ) 1 1
36s
= 2 * 2
ds
2 ( s + 36 )2
2s

L ( t s e n 3 t )=

1
36s
+
2
2
2
25 2 ( s + 36 )

L ( t s e n 3 t )=

( s 2 + 36 )2 +( 36s 2 ) s 2
2
2
2
2 s ( s + 36 )

L ( t s e n 3 t )=

L ( t s e n 2 3 t )=

s 4 +72 s 2 +1296 + 36 s 2s 4
2 s 2 ( s 2 + 36 )2

2( 54 s 2 +648 )
2
2
2
2 s ( s + 36 )
2

( 54 s + 648 )
2
L ( t s e n 3 t )= 2 2
2
s ( s + 36 )

Objetivo #20 Calcular la Transformada Inversa de Laplace. Valor: 4%. Criterio de

Aprobacin: 80%.
20.1.- Calcular

l 1 F ( s )

siendo
F (s)

16
( s 1)( s 2 9) 2

( F ( s ) ) = L1

((

16
2
2
s1 ) ( s + 9 )

Utilizando fracciones parciales:

16
A
B s+C D s+ E
=
+ 2
+
2
2
(
s1)
( s1 ) ( s + 9 )
( s + 9 ) ( s 2+ 9 )
16= A ( s 2 +9 ) 2+ ( B s+C ) ( s1 ) ( s 2 + 9 ) +( D s+ E )( s 1)( s 2+ 9 )

s= 116= A ( 10 )2 + ( B s +C ) ( 0 )+( D s + E )( 0 )

16= A ( 100 ) A=

16
8
4
= =
100 50 25

16 = A ( s 4 +18 s 2 +81 ) + ( B s +C ) ( s 3+ 9 ss 2 9 ) + ( D s+ E ) ( s +9 s s 2 9)

16= A s +18 A s +81 A +B s +9 B s B s 9 B s+C s +9C sC s 9C+D +9 D s D s 9 D s+E s +9 E s9 s 9 E

A + B=0 B = A =

8
4
=
50
25

B +C =0 B=C C =

8
4
=
50
25

18 A+ 9 BC + D9=0

9 B +9 C9 D+ 9 E=0
81 A 9 C 9 E 81

( 508 )+9 ( 508 ) 9 E =16

576
576
112
112
+ 9 E=16 9 E=16
9 E=
E=
50
50
25
225
4
4
112
9 B +9 C9 D+ 9 E=0 9 25 + 9 25 9 D +9 225 =0

( ) ( )

72 1008
184

9 D=0 D=
25
225
225

( ( s1)16( s + 9 ) )=L

16 4 1 4 1 s1 1 1 184s+112
= L L
+ L
(s1)( s2+9)2 25 ( s1) 25 (s2+9) 225 (s2 +9)

( ) () ( ) ( )

L1

16 4 t 4 1 s 4 1 1 184 1 s 122 1 1
= e L + L L L
(s1)( s2+9)2 25 25 (s2+9) 25 (s2+9) 225 (s2+9) 225 (s2+9)

4
4
4 184
112
s+
s+
25
25
25
225
225
+
+
2
2
( s1 )
( s +9)
(s +9 )

( ) ()() () ()
1

((

16
4 t
4
4 3 t 184
122 3 t
=
e
co s 3 t+
e
c o s 3 t
e
2
2
25
25
25
225
225
s1 ) ( s + 9 )

Objetivo #21: Calcular la Transformada Inversa de Laplace usando convolucin.

Valor: 4%. Criterio de Aprobacin: 80%.

21.1.- Calcular
l

usando convolucin.

( s 1)( s 2)

Solucin:

( f * g )( t )= 0 f ( v ) * g ( tv ) d v
t

L1 ( F s * G s )= ( f * g ) ( t )

L1

1
1
*
( ( s1 )s( s 1) )= L ( s1
s1 )

L1

1
1
*
( ( s1)s( s 1) )= L (1+ s1
s1 )

L1

1
1
*
( ( s1 )s( s 1) )= L ( s1 2 )+ L ( s1
s 2 )

L1

( s1 2 )= e

L1

( ( s1)1( s2 ) )= L

L1

1
1
*
=( f * g )( t )
( s1
s 2 )

g ( t )= L1 ( G s )

F v = e

L1

2t

( F s * G s)

G s=

L1

1
1
*
= e
( s1
s2 )

1
s2

2t

1
1
*
= e
( s1
s 2 )
L

f ( t )= L1 ( F s )

g ( t v )= e 2 t e2 v

1
( s11 * s2
)= ( e . e
L1

con

2t

2t

. e2 v ) d v

0 ev d v
t

( ev )|t = e 2 t ( et 1)

( ( s1 ) s( s 2 ) )= e

2t

e +e

2t

F s=

1
s1

( ( s1 ) s( s 2 ) )= 2 e

2t

Objetivo #22: Solucin de un Problema de Valor Inicial usando Transformada de

Laplace. Valor: 4%. Criterio de Aprobacin: 70%
22.1.- Obtenga la solucin del Problema de valor inicial

y '' 6 y ' 9 y 6t 2 e3t

;
usando Transformada de Laplace.
y (0) 0 y '(0) 0
yright)-italic 6 italic L left ( italic y^ right ) +italic 9 italic L left ( italic y right ) =italic italic L left ( {italic 6 {italic e italic t}^italic 2 italic e^{italic 3 italic t}} right )}
L

(I)

Por propiedad se tiene que:

n

L ( f ( t ) ) = s L ( f ( t ) ) s

n1

n2
f ( 0 ) s
f ( 0 ) .

y} right ) =italic italic s ^italic 2 italic L left ( italic y right ) -italic italic s italic y left ( italic 0 right ) -italic y \( italic 0 \)}

(II)

y} right ) =italic italic s ^italic 2 italic L left ( italic y right )}

6 L ( y )=6 s L ( y ) y ( 0)

6 L ( y )=6 s L ( y )

(III)

y} right ) -italic italic 6 italic L left ( {italic y } right ) +italic italic 9 italic L left ( italic y right ) =italic italic L left ( {italic 6 italic t ^italic 2 italic e ^{italic 3 italic t }} right )}

y} right ) -italic italic 6 italic L left ( {italic y } right ) +italic 9 italic L left ( italic y right ) =italic italic L left ( {italic 6 italic t ^italic 2 italic e ^{italic 3 italic t }} right )}

s 2 L

( s 26 s+ 9 ) L ( y )= L ( 6 t 2 e 3t )
6 ( 2)
:: L ( 6 t 2 e 3 t ) L ( e a t f ( t ) )= F ( sa ) c o n F ( s )=6 L n!
=
n+1
3

(s )

3t

3t

L ( 6 t e ) =F ( s 3 ) F ( s ) =

L ( 6 t e ) =

12
( s3 )3

(IV)

12
3
s

Sustituyendo (II), (III) y (IV) en (I)

2

s L ( y )6 s L ( y )+ 9 L ( y )=

L( y )=

y= L

y= L

y= L

12
2

( s 6 s+9 ) ( s 3 )3

12
3
( s3 )

((

12
2

s 6 s+ 9 ) ( s 3 )

12
3
( s3 )( s 3 )( s 3 )

12
5
( s3 )

Aplicando fracciones parciales se tiene que:

y=

12 1 1 * 4 ! 3 t
L
e
5
4!
s

y=

12 4 3 t
t e
24

1 4 3t
y= t e
2