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2DL 320 EXCAVATOR Testing & Adjusting

Media Number SENR6044-02 Publication Date 1994/09/09 Update Date 2000/06/14

Calibration Mode

NOTE: The procedures for each function in "Calibration Mode" are independent of each other. The
engine does not need to be running for all the functions listed in the following chart. The following chart
lists the functions in "Calibration Mode" and whether the engine must be running for each of the
functions:

Calibration Mode Start-up

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Calibration Mode Start-up)

(1) Engine coolant temperature gauge. (2) Fuel gauge. (3) Action lamp. (4) Character display. (6)
Hydraulic oil temperature gauge. (8) Air heater indicator (2DL and 9KK machines only). (9) Charge
alarm indicator. (10) Engine coolant temperature alarm indicator. (11) Hydraulic oil temperature alarm
indicator. (12) Engine oil pressure alarm indicator. (13) Controller alarm indicator. (14) Monitor alarm
indicator. (37) Service switch.

Before to starting the Calibration Mode, the engine speed dial

switch should be set at dial position "1" and the engine start switch
must be in the OFF position.

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1. Depress service switch (37) and start the engine. As shown in the chart above, the engine does not
need to be started to obtain information for certain functions in the "Calibration Mode".

2. Continue to depress service switch (37) until action lamp (3) comes ON and character display (4)
displays [20H] or [20C]. All the alarm indicators except character display (4) will turn OFF.

3. The "Calibration Mode" is now accessed and character display (4) displays the first of the 10
functions (machine and engine model numbers) as shown in the chart above. Action lamp (3) remains
ON during all calibration function modes.

NOTE: Activation of the "Calibration Mode" overrides the function of engine coolant temperature
gauge (1), fuel gauge (2), action lamp (3), hydraulic oil temperature gauge (6), air heater indicator (8),
charge alarm indicator (9), engine coolant temperature alarm indicator (10), hydraulic oil temperature
alarm indicator (11), engine oil pressure alarm indicator (12), controller alarm indicator (13), and
monitor alarm indicator (14).

Calibration Mode Function Selection

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Function Selection)

(3) Action lamp. (4) Character display. (17) Power mode selector switch. (22) Light switch. (28) Travel
speed control switch. (31) AEC switch. (35) Wiper switch.

Power mode selector switch (17), light switch (22), AEC switch (31), wiper switch (35), and travel
speed control switch (28) are pushed each time to obtain one of ten function modes.

Machine And Engine Model

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Machine And Engine Model)

(4) Character display. (17) Power mode selector switch. (18) Power Mode III indicator.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

Upon accessing the "Calibration Mode", the machine and engine model is the first function accessed. To
obtain this function again after viewing or accessing any of the other functions, depress power mode
selector switch (17) until power Mode III indicator (18) comes ON.

2. Character display (4) displays [20H] for a "320" or "320 L" excavator with 3066 engine. Character
display (4) displays [20C] for a "320", "320 L", "320 N", or "320 S" excavator with 3116 engine.

The first and second positions of character display (4) shows the code for the model excavator.

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The third position of character display (4) shows the code for the engine model.

3. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

NOTE: Activation of the "Calibration Mode" overrides the AEC function and keeps the power shift
pressure constant at a pressure level equivalent to a no-load condition. The engine speed dial switch
works normally.

Controller/Monitor Software Version

Electronic Monitor Panel (Controller/Monitor Software Version)

(4) Character display. (17) Power mode selector switch. (19) Power Mode II indicator. (31) AEC switch.

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1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress power mode selector switch (17) until power Mode II indicator (19) comes ON.

3. Character display (4) displays [17C] for example. The "17" in the character display represents a two
digit numeral particular to the software for each machine mode. The "C" represents the controller.

4. To determine the software version for the monitor depress AEC switch (31). Character display (4)
displays [20P] for example. The "20" in the character display represents a two digit numeral particular to
the software for each machine mode. The "P" represents the software version.

NOTE: Each time AEC switch (31) is depressed, the character display will alternate between the two
software codes [17C] and [20P] for example.

5. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

NOTE: Activation of the "Calibration Mode" overrides the AEC function and keeps the power shift
pressure constant at a pressure level equivalent to a no-load condition. The engine speed dial switch
works normally.

Error log

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Error Log)

(4) Character display. (17) Power mode selector switch. (20) Power Mode I indicator. (28) Travel speed
control switch. (31) AEC switch. (34) Washer switch.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress power mode selector switch (17) until power Mode I indicator (20) comes ON.

3. Character display (4) displays [Hd ]. This display indicates that the list of stored error codes can be
viewed. The controller has a continual self-diagnostic function during machine operation. The controller
will store error codes if a fault is detected, even an intermittent fault. The list of error codes is stored in
the error history on important systems until the memory is cleared.

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4. The error codes are viewed on the character display either in ascending or descending order. Each
time AEC switch (31) is depressed, the ascending sequential list of stored error codes are displayed as
shown in the following example:

[Hd]

[F6]

[F10]

[F40]

[F41]

[End]

5. Each time washer switch (34) is depressed, the descending sequential list of stored error codes are
displayed as shown in the following example:

[End]

[F41]

[F40]

[F10]

[F6]

[Hd]

NOTE: A "F" in the first position of character display (4) represents a stored error code (error history).
An "E" in the first position of character display (4) represents a real time error code.

6. To clear the error codes and error history, push and hold in sequence for approximately three seconds
the following three buttons:

· AEC switch (31)

· Power mode selector switch (17)
· Travel speed control switch (28)
7. The error codes are cleared from the error history memory when character display (4) displays [CLr]
and then returns to display [Hd].

REFERENCE: For a listing of error codes, see the section in this module "Data Mode, Real Time

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Errors Codes".

NOTE: Information about a problem is stored by this function mode until the correct clearing procedure
is completed. Always clear the error history after the problem has been corrected.

NOTE: Activation of the error log mode overrides the function of the AEC system and keeps the power
shift pressure constant at the no load pressure level. The engine speed dial works normally.

8. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

NOTE: The following error log codes are not displayed on the character display during activation of
this calibration mode.

F1 to F5, F7, F9, F12, F15, F32, F34, F37, F38, F39, and F48.

NOTE: Activation of the "Calibration Mode" overrides the AEC function and keeps the power shift
pressure constant at a pressure level equivalent to a no-load condition. The engine speed dial switch
works normally.

Digital Output Test

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Digital Output Test)

(4) Character display. (22) Light switch. (23) Light 1 indicator. (29) AEC indicator. (31) AEC switch.
(33) Washer indicator. (34) Washer switch. (36) Alarm cancel switch.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress light switch (22) until light 1 indicator (23) comes ON.

3. Character display (4) displays [0oF] which represents the first of 10 components that can be tested.
There are 16 "ports" available of the electrical connections for various controller output components
(similar to the "Digital Input" information accessed in "Data Mode"). Six of the "ports" are spares. The
code in the first position of the character display represents the particular "port" of each component.

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The "ports" and their components are shown in the following chart:

4. Each time AEC switch (31) is pushed, a different port code appears in character display (4) in an
ascending order. Press washer switch (34) to view the ports in descending order.

5. Press alarm cancel switch (36) to turn the component for each port, either ON or OFF. Character
display (4) displays as shown in the chart above as each port is turned ON or OFF. If an over current
occurs at a component, the character display (4) displays [0Er].

6. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

Proportional Reducing Valve Sweep Test

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Pilot Oil Manifold Compartment

(39) Connector.

1. Stop the engine and disconnect connector (39) from the proportional reducing valve.

2. Connect the test harness to connector (39).

Main Pump Compartment

(40) Power shift pressure tap.

3. Install a 4900 kPa (700 psi) pressure gauge at power shift pressure tap (40).

4. The pump backup switch must be in the "AUT" position.

5. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

NOTE: The engine must be running to obtain accurate information for this test.

6. Warm the hydraulic oil to normal operating temperature.

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7. Run the engine at maximum no-load rpm.

8. All controls must be in the NEUTRAL position.

Electronic Monitor Panel (Proportional Reducing Valve Sweep Test)

(4) Character display. (22) Light switch. (24) Light 2 indicator.

9. Start the "Proportional Reducing Valve Sweep Test" as follows:

a. Depress light switch (22) until light 2 indicator (24) comes ON.

b. The left column of character display (4) displays the letter "P". The "P" in the first column indicates
that the proportional reducing valve is being tested.

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NOTE: The purpose of this function is to check whether the proportional reducing valve is activating
with a current signal from the controller. When this function is selected, the second and third column in
character display (4) changes in an ascending number sequence from of 0 to 32. One cycle range from 0
to 32 takes about five seconds. The character display (4) sequences form [P 0] to [P32].

10. As the "PRV Sweep Test" is being performed, monitor the multimeter and the 4900 kPa (700 psi)
pressure gauge.

The multimeter reading changes within a range of 0.16 to 0.63 amps in approximately five
seconds. The pressure gauge at power shift pressure tap (40) simultaneously ranges from 0 to
3150 kPa (0 to 455 psi).

NOTE: During the "PRV Sweep Test" the multimeter and pressure gauge readings should cycle at a
uniform rate of increase or decrease (no "spike" or quick changes). Also, during activation of this
function mode, AEC functions do not activate, but speed dial activates as normal.

11. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

Engine Speed Change

NOTE: This test is useful to measure no load engine speeds in increments of 20 to 30 rpm, from the
factory present LOW IDLE to HIGH IDLE positions of the governor speed dial switch. This test is
suitable for noise level measurement tests.

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Engine Speed Change)

(4) Character display. (29) AEC indicator. (31) AEC switch. (32) Wiper 1 indicator. (33) Washer
indicator. (34) Washer switch. (35) Wiper switch.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress wiper switch (35) until wiper 1 indicator (32) comes ON.

3. Put the governor speed dial switch in the best position for the test requirement (the position that
comes closest to the desired engine rpm setting).

4. Depress AEC switch (31) to increase the engine rpm, and depress washer switch (34) to decrease
engine rpm. Each time AEC switch (31) is depressed, AEC indicator (29) comes ON. Each time washer

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switch (34) is depressed, washer indicator (33) comes ON.

5. Character display (4) will increment by 1 (10 rpm).

6. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

NOTE: This test allows the power shift pressure command signal to remain constant at a desired
pressure level. The constant power shift pressure command signal is necessary to allow testing and
adjusting procedures to be performed to line relief valves and also perform pump "P-Q" tests.

Fixed Power Shift Pressure

NOTE: This test allows the power shift pressure command signal to remain constant at a desired
pressure level. The constant power shift pressure command signal is necessary to allow testing and
adjusting procedures to be performed to line relief valves and also perform pump "P-Q" tests.

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Fixed Power Shift Pressure)

(4) Character display. (25) Wiper 2 indicator. (31) AEC switch. (34) Washer switch. (35) Wiper switch.
(36) Alarm cancel switch.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress wiper switch (35) until wiper 2 indicator (25) comes ON.

3. Character display (4) will display "P" in the first position and the selected power shift pressure in the
second and third positions. As a example the value shown in character display (4) of [P25] is in kgf/cm2.
To convert kgf/cm2 to kPa, multiply the value shown in character display (4) by 100. The resultant
power shift pressure is 2450 kPa (355 psi).

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4. Depress AEC switch (31) to increase the power shift pressure command signal by 1 kgf/cm2 within a
range of 3 to 30 kgf/cm2 [290 to 2950 kPa (42 to 430 psi)].

5. Depress washer switch (34) to decrease the power shift pressure command signal by 1 kgf/cm2 within
a range of 3 to 30 kgf/cm2 [290 to 2950 kPa (42 to 430 psi)].

NOTE: Depressing alarm cancel switch (36) causes character display (4) to display alternately between
the power shift pressure and the engine rpm.

NOTE: Refer to "Engine Speed Change" to determine the value of engine speed displayed on character
display (4).

6. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

NOTE: Activation of the "Calibration Mode" overrides the AEC function and keeps the power shift
pressure constant at a pressure level equivalent to a no-load condition. The engine speed dial switch
works normally.

Engine Speed Dial Setting Check

NOTE: This test is used to verify that the selected engine speed dial switch position value is meeting the
factory engine speed setting value.

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Engine Speed Dial Setting Check)

(4) Character display. (26) Travel speed HIGH (Rabbit) indicator. (28) Travel speed control switch.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress travel speed control switch (28) until travel speed HIGH (Rabbit) indicator (26) comes ON.

3. Character display (4) displays the engine rpm value characteristic to the setting of the engine speed
dial switch position.

4. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

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NOTE: Activation of the "Calibration Mode" overrides the AEC function and keeps the power shift
pressure constant at a pressure level equivalent to a no-load condition. The engine speed dial switch
works normally.

Automatic Governor Actuator (G/A) Calibration

The hydraulic oil temperature must be at the normal operating

temperature before this calibration procedure is performed.

NOTE: This procedure must be performed any time the governor actuator or controller has been
replaced or reinstalled.

NOTE: Activation of this mode overrides the AEC system function, and keeps the power shift pressure
constant at the no load pressure level. The engine speed dial can be placed at any position since it cannot
activate until the governor actuator calibration has been completed. The governor backup switch must be
in AUT (not backup) position.

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Automatic Governor Actuator Calibration)

(4) Character display. (26) Travel speed HIGH (Rabbit) indicator. (28) Travel speed control switch. (31)
AEC switch. (34) Washer switch. (36) Alarm cancel switch.

1. Start "Calibration Mode". See the section, "Calibration Mode Start-up".

2. Depress travel speed control switch (28) until travel speed HIGH (Rabbit) indicator (26) comes ON.

3. Depress and hold AEC switch (31) then depress and hold washer switch (34). Character display (4)
displays [AC] in a flashing mode.

4. While still depressing AEC switch (31) and washer switch (34), depress alarm cancel switch (36) until
character display (4) stops flashing and changes to [ACP]. The automatic calibration mode is now
started and the governor actuator motor has moved to the initial high idle stop position. The governor

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actuator is now calibrated to the factory engine rpm setting designated for position "10" of the engine
speed dial switch.

5. Once character display (4) displays [ACt], the calibration procedure can be completed.

6. Depress AEC switch (31) and washer switch (34) in sequence until character display (4) displays
[AC1]. The calibration procedure for the factory engine rpm setting designated for positions "1" through
"10" of the engine speed dial switch is now started. The calibration procedure from this point takes
approximately two minutes. Character display (4) will change as follows:

NOTE: After initial setting has been completed, check to be sure that the governor lever is correctly
positioned (in contact with the high idle stopper) by rotating the pulley by hand.

· [AC1]
· [AC2]
· [AC3]
· [AC4]
· [AC5]
· [AC6]
· [AC7]
· [AC8]
· [AC0]
When [AC0] appears in character display (4), the calibration procedure is complete.

NOTE: If the data is not correct or within specified limits, character display (4) will indicate an error
code as shown in the following chart:

NOTE: If character display (4) displays [AC2] and [ -*] (*: error code shown in the following chart)
alternately during Automatic G/A Calibration procedure, it is an indication of the following possible
problems. Have necessary repairs made. If character display (4) displays [AC0] after taking corrective
action, it indicates that the automatic governor actuator calibration has been completed correctly.

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NOTE: If the error code [- 1], [- 2], [- 3], [-15], or [-16] is indicated on character display (4), readjust
the accelerator/decelerator cables. See the section "Adjustment After Replacement Of Major
Components".

NOTE: If the error code [- 4] through [-12] or [-14] is indicated on character display (4), check the
corresponding checking procedure in the section "Checking Procedures (Electronic Control System)".

NOTE: When character display (4) displays [-13], return all controls to the NEUTRAL position. If the
problem code still exists, check the pressure switches and circuits.

NOTE: Even if any of error code [-51], [-52], or [-53] appears after character display (4) has displayed
[AC0], the machine does not need to be stopped, but can continue to be operated. Since the three codes
indicates that the accelerator cable needs further adjustment, readjustment can be performed later using
the following procedure.

a. If [-51] is displayed for two seconds, readjust the accelerator cable. See the section, "Adjustment
After Replacement Of Major Components".

b. If character display (4) alternates between [-52] and [ 10], every two seconds for example, decrease
the tension in the cable by loosening the adjusting nut of the accelerator cable by one turn. (If [ 15] is
indicated, then loosen the nut one and a half turns.)

c. If character display (4) alternates between [-53] and [ 10], every two seconds for example, increase
the tension in the cable by tightening the adjusting nut of the accelerator cable by one turn.

7. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

Calibration Of Proportional Reducing Valve

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NOTE: This calibration procedure must be performed when either the proportional reducing valve
and/or the controller has been replaced. This procedure is made at two power shift pressure points of 5
kgf/cm2 [490 kPa (72 psi)] and 25 kgf/cm2 [2450 kPa (355 psi).

Main Pump Compartment

(40) Power shift pressure tap.

1. Stop the engine and install a 4900 kPa (700 psi) pressure gauge to power shift pressure tap (40).

2. Make sure that the pump control backup switch is in the "AUT" position.

3. Start the "Calibration Mode". Refer to the section "Calibration Mode Start-up".

NOTE: The engine must be running and have a hydraulic oil temperature of approximately 50°C (122°
F) to perform this calibration procedure.

4. Run the engine with engine speed dial switch at position "10".

NOTE: Activation of this calibration mode overrides the AEC function. If the engine speed dial switch
is not at position "10" character display (4) will show an "E" in the first column. The engine speed must
be corrected within specifications to continue the calibration procedure.

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Electronic Monitor Panel (Calibration Of Proportional Reducing Valve)

(4) Character display. (27) Travel speed LOW (tortoise) indicator. (28) Travel speed control switch. (31)
AEC switch. (34) Washer switch. (36) Alarm cancel switch.

5. Depress travel speed control switch (28) until travel speed LOW (tortoise) indicator (27) comes ON.

6. Character display (4) now displays [1 0]. The "1" indicates that the first calibration point has been
accessed and the "0" indicates that the middle step of the 19 individual calibration steps has been
accessed. Each step will change the power shift pressure by approximately 50 kPa (7.5 psi).

7. To change the power shift pressure:

a. To increase the power shift pressure, depress AEC switch (31) once. This will change character

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display (4) to [1 1]. Each time AEC switch (31) is depressed, character display (4) increases by one until
character display (4) displays [1 9]. Also, the pressure reading at power shift pressure tap (40) increases
by approximately 50 kPa (7.5 psi) for each increase. The following is an example of character display
(4) readings in increasing order:

· [1-9]
· [1-8]
· [1-7]
· [1-6]
· [1-5]
· [1-4]
· [1-3]
· [1-2]
· [1-1]
· [1 0] = Middle Step
· [1 1]
· [1 2]
· [1 3]
· [1 4]
· [1 5]

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· [1 6]
· [1 7]
· [1 8]
· [1 9]
b. To decrease the power shift pressure, depress washer switch (34) once to lower the value displayed in
character display (4). Each time washer switch (34) is depressed, character display (4) decreases by one
in descending order until character display (4) displays [1-9]. Also, the pressure reading at power shift
pressure tap (40) decreases by 50 kPa (7 psi) for each decrease. The following is an example of
character display (4) readings in decreasing order:

· [1 9]
· [1 8]
· [1 7]
· [1 6]
· [1 5]
· [1 4]
· [1 3]
· [1 2]
· [1 1]
· [1 0] = Middle Step
· [1-1]

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· [1-2]
· [1-3]
· [1-4]
· [1-5]
· [1-6]
· [1-7]
· [1-8]
· [1-9]
8. To set "Calibration Point No. 1", perform the following steps:

a. Depress washer switch (34) until the pressure reading at tap (40) is less than 490 kPa (72 psi).

b. Depress AEC switch (31) until the pressure reading at tap (40) increases to approximately 490
kPa (72 psi).

NOTE: Pressure adjustments must always be made as the pressure is being increased.

c. Depress alarm cancel switch (36) to store the data in the controller.

d. Once the data is stored in the controller, display (4) changes to [2 0], which indicates that the
first calibration point has been accepted and the second calibration point can be performed. At this
time, the character display flashing light mode will change to a continuous lighting mode.

9. To set "Calibration Point No. 2", perform the following steps:

a. Depress washer switch (34) until the pressure reading at tap (40) is less than 2450 kPa (355
psi).

b. Depress AEC switch (31) until the pressure reading at tap (40) increases to approximately 2450
kPa (355 psi).

NOTE: Pressure adjustments must always be made as the pressure is being increased.

c. Depress alarm cancel switch (36) to store the data in the controller.

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d. Once the data is stored in the controller, display (4) will change to [1 0], which indicates that
the second calibration point has been accepted and the controller has reset to the first calibration
point.

10. Stop "Calibration Mode" (unless another function selection is desired). See the section, "Calibration
Mode Stop Procedure".

Calibration Mode Stop Procedure

Electronic Monitor Panel (Stopping Calibration Mode)

(4) Character display. (37) Service switch.

Use either of the following two methods:

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1. Place engine in low idle position and turn the engine start switch to the OFF position.

2. Depress service switch (37) for a minimum of two seconds until character display (4) changes from
"Calibration Mode" to engine speed dial position.

Copyright 1991, 2015 Caterpillar Inc.

All Rights Reserved.

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