Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Sektion 04 Digitale Welt - XIV Epigraphic Congress of Greek and Roman Epigraphy, 2012
Sektion 04 Digitale Welt - XIV Epigraphic Congress of Greek and Roman Epigraphy, 2012
CONSILIO ET AVCTORITATE
ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM
BEROLINENSIS ET BRANDENBVRGENSIS
EDITVM
AVCTARIVM
SERIES NOVA
VOLVMEN QVARTVM
DE GRVYTER
MMXIV
herausgegeben von
Werner Eck und Peter Funke
in Verbindung mit
Marcus Dohnicht, Klaus Hallof,
Matthus Heil und Manfred G. Schmidt
DE GRUYTER
MMXIV
Vorwort
Ein Kongress ist ein wissenschaftliches und ein soziales Ereignis. Whrend das
Letztere wichtig ist fr das innere Leben einer Disziplin, aber mit dem Abschlusstag des Kongresses auch bereits wieder sein Ende findet, sollte das wissenschaftliche Ereignis fortleben. Die hier vorgelegten Akten sollen dies leisten.
Die Herausgeber dieses Bandes mussten entscheiden, ob alle Vortrge, die in
Berlin vorgetragen wurden, verffentlicht werden sollten. Wir haben uns dazu
entschlossen, dies zu tun, freilich in unterschiedlicher Form. Die lngeren Abhandlungen der Plenarsitzungen werden hier vollstndig vorgelegt, die Beitrge
der Nachmittagssektionen dagegen nur als Kurzversionen. Der Verzicht darauf,
auch diese Beitrge in voller Lnge abzudrucken, erschien uns angemessen, doch
sollte zumindest ein berblick ber die Themen und Probleme gegeben werden,
die in den Nachmittagssektionen behandelt wurden. Wir danken allen Autoren
fr die Zusendung ihrer Manuskripte und fr die schnelle Korrektur der Druckvorlagen.
Es war unser Bestreben, die Akten zgig vorzulegen, damit die Autoren nicht
zu lange nach Abschluss ihrer Manuskripte auf die Verffentlichung warten
mussten; und zugleich wollten wir den nicht selten berechtigten Klagen begegnen, dass die Ergebnisse wissenschaftlicher Veranstaltungen allzu oft erst nach
vielen Jahren publiziert wrden. Darber hinaus schien uns ein solches Vorgehen
angebracht, um keinen zu groen Abstand zwischen der hier erfolgenden Publikation der Abstracts und der vollstndigen Verffentlichung der Beitrge der
Nachmittagssektionen entstehen zu lassen und um ein Erscheinen der Akten in
einer hinlnglich langen Zeit vor dem nchsten Epigraphikkongress in Wien im
Jahr 2017 sicherzustellen.
Wir wollen hier auch all denen nochmals danken, die den XIV. Internationalen Kongress fr Griechische und Lateinische Epigraphik ermglicht haben. An
erster Stelle ist die Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie und ihr Prsident, Prof.
Dr. Gnter Stock zu nennen, sodann der amtierende und der frhere Prsident
der Humboldt-Universitt, Prof. Dr. Jan-Hendrik Olbertz und Prof. Dr. Christoph Markschies, die dem Kongress ihre volle Untersttzung gewhrt haben;
des Weiteren gilt unser Dank der Prsidentin des Deutschen Archologischen Instituts, Prof. Dr. Friederike Fless, fr die logistische Untersttzung, und dem
Prsidenten der Stiftung Preuischer Kulturbesitz, Prof. Dr. Hermann Parzinger,
sowie dem Direktor der Antikensammlung der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin,
Prof. Dr. Andreas Scholl, fr die Bereitstellung des Pergamon-Museums, das ei-
VI
INHALTSVER ZEICHNIS
Vorwort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inhaltsverzeichnis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
V
VII
1
7
77
91
105
135
159
161
183
197
231
271
275
299
VIII
Inhaltsverzeichnis
RALPH HAEUSSLER: Differences in the epigraphic habit in the rural landscapes of Gallia Narbonensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GUY LABARRE MEHMET ZSAIT: Les inscriptions rupestres de langue
grecque en Pisidie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Plenarsitzung Public Entertainment
SILVIA ORLANDI: Public Entertainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BRIGITTE LE GUEN: Textes et monuments: largent dans lactivit thtrale de lpoque hellnistique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TULLIA RITTI: Spettacoli dellarena in et imperiale: alcune osservazioni
sulle forme e la finalit della comunicazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
323
347
375
377
401
431
433
436
438
441
443
445
448
450
453
454
Inhaltsverzeichnis
IX
458
461
464
468
471
473
476
479
481
483
484
487
489
492
494
494
497
501
Inhaltsverzeichnis
MICHLE BRUNET: Le programme de publication numrique de la collection des inscriptions grecques du Muse du Louvre, E-PIGRAMME
KIRSTEN JAHN: Die Erschlieung von Fluchtafeln durch den TheDeMa
(Thesaurus Defixionum Magdeburgensis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ANTONIO ENRICO FELLE: Prospettive per il corpus digitale delle iscrizioni cristiane di Roma: contesti e testi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MANFRED HAINZMANN: Monumenta Epigraphica Electronica Pldoyer fr eine transmediale Edition lateinischer Inschriften . . . . . . . . . .
ASKOLD IVANTCHIK IRENE POLINSKAYA: A Digital Corpus of Ancient
Inscriptions from the Northern Black Sea Coast (IOSPE3) . . . . . . . .
GIULIA SARULLO: Iscrizioni Latine Arcaiche: a Digital Corpus of Archaic
Latin Inscriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sektion Forschungsgeschichte
MARCO BUONOCORE: Introduzione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DANIELA GIONTA: Epigrafia antica e ideologia politica nellItalia del
Quattrocento . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XAVIER ESPLUGA: Antiquitates Romanae: per una storia della prima tradizione epigrafica di Verona . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ULRIKE JANSEN: Der Codex Pighianus als rezeptionsgeschichtliches Dokument fr die Epigraphik . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ROBERTA MARCHIONNI: Nicht nur Handschriften. Die etwas andere
berlieferung der Inschrift CIL VI 1163 und ihres Texttrgers . . . .
MARIANNE PADE: The materiality of Bartolomeo Sanvitos (14351511)
epigraphic capitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HEIKKI SOLIN: Sammlungen von Inschriftensteinen zu Anfang der Neuzeit. Gelehrsamkeit und Sammelttigkeit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HELENA GIMENO PASCUAL: Storia della ricerca epigrafica nella Penisola
Iberica nei secoli XVI e XVII: analisi, interpretazione e valorizzazione
delle iscrizioni dellHispania romana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MARTIN OTT: Die Entdeckung des Altertums: Der Umgang mit der rmischen Vergangenheit Sddeutschlands im 16. Jahrhundert . . . . .
Sektion Tituli novi (I)
KLAUS HALLOF ERKKI SIRONEN: Praefatio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
D. JORDAN G. ROCCA L. THREATTE: Una nuova iscrizione (dalla Sicilia?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
503
506
508
510
512
515
519
524
526
529
531
535
538
541
543
547
548
Inhaltsverzeichnis
YANNIS KALLIONTZIS NIKOLAOS PAPAZARKADAS: New Boeotian Inscriptions from Akraiphia and Koroneia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ANDRONIKE MAKRES ADELE SCAFURO: New Inscriptions from Thalamai (Ancient Lakonia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ALEXANDRU AVRAM: Revision eines Ehrendekrets der Stadt Istros (SEG
52, 724) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ATHANASSIOS THEMOS: A Fragmentary Decree from Anaphe . . . . . . . .
M. H. SAYAR: Lysimacheia. Zankapfel zwischen den Diadochen . . . . .
DAMIANA BALDASSARRA: Epigraphical Novelties from Greek Adria . . .
ELENI ZAVVOU: An honorary monument from modern Asopos area (Laconia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sektion XII. F.E.R.C.AN. Workshop
PATRIZIA DE BERNARDO STEMPEL: Einleitung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
WOLFGANG SPICKERMANN: Neue epigraphische Zeugnisse gallo-rmischer Gtternamen aus den beiden Germanien . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MILENA DE ALBENTIIS HIENZ PATRIZIA DE BERNARDO STEMPEL: Towards a Typology of Epithets Referring to Classical Deities: The
Greek, Latin and Celto-Roman Apollo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
M CRUZ GONZLEZ RODRGUEZ MANUEL RAMREZ SNCHEZ: Hacia
la elaboracin del corpus de divinidades locales de Gallaecia (HC):
novedades y revisiones epigrficas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESTBALIZ ORTIZ DE URBINA LAVA: Dedicantes y cultores de divinidades indgenas en el conventus Asturum (Hispania citerior) . . . . . . .
GERHARD BAUCHHENSS: Doppelgttinnen in den rmischen Nordwestprovinzen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sektion Vermessung von Rumen
ISABEL ROD: Introduccin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BORJA DAZ ARIO DIANA GOROSTIDI PI: Medir la distancia en poca
republicana. Los miliarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
JONATHAN PRAG: Territorial organisation in late Hellenistic Halaesa, Sicily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
KAJA HARTER-UIBOPUU: Streit um Land oder Streit um Grenzen berlegungen zur zwischenstaatlichen Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit . . . . . . . . .
ORIETTA DORA CORDOVANA: Vici e agri vectigales nelle testimonianze
epigrafiche e nei gromatici (Britannia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XI
550
552
554
556
557
562
564
567
568
570
573
576
579
583
587
590
592
595
XII
Inhaltsverzeichnis
597
600
605
608
611
613
615
617
619
622
624
626
629
631
635
637
640
Inhaltsverzeichnis
CILLIERS BREYTENBACH ULRICH HUTTNER CHRISTIANE ZIMMERMANN: Mrtyrer in Lykaonien und ihre Gedenksttten. Das Zeugnis
der Inschriften . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DONATELLA NUZZO: Le iscrizioni degli edifici cristiani di Ostia e Porto:
forme e contenuti di una prassi tardoantica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SPYROS P. PANAGOPOULOS: Verse inscriptions on Byzantine religious artifacts: The case of Manuel Philes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ANDREAS RHOBY: Byzantinische Kirchen als Orte der Interaktion von
Wort, Bild und Betrachter Inschriften im sakralen Kontext . . . . . .
ERKKI SIRONEN: Sptrmische und frhbyzantinische Inschriften im
kirchlichen Kontext in Athen und Attika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NORBERT ZIMMERMANN: Christliche Inschriften aus vorkonstantinischer Zeit im Sieben-Schlfer-Zmeterium in Ephesos . . . . . . . . . . .
Sektion Zwiesprache von Lebenden und Toten: Grber und ihre Inschriften
ANTONIO CABALLOS RUFINO: Introduccin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DANIELA MARCHIANDI: Reader-reception of funerary inscriptions in
Classical Athens: a case study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ALESSIA DIMARTINO: Limmagine e la parola: funzione dialogica dei monumenti funerari di et arcaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BARBARA E. BORG: In search of senators deceased: Senatorial tomb building reconsidered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CLAUDIO ZACCARIA: Et tibi ... et tu. Forme di dialogo nella necropoli di
Aquileia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
JUAN MANUEL ABASCAL PALAZN: Epigrafa funeraria de Segobriga . .
CONCEPCIN FERNNDEZ MARTNEZ JOAN GMEZ PALLARS
JAVIER DEL HOYO CALLEJA: CLE funerarios en el marco del CIL
XVIII/2. La explotacin de todo el material a travs de las TIC en un
nuevo portal de Poesa Epigrfica Latina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
MILAGROS NAVARRO CABALLERO: Les monuments funraires du Haut
Empire dans la province Aquitanique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GIUSEPPE FALZONE: Il dialogo tra i vivi e i morti: le iscrizioni della catacomba di santIppolito sulla via Tiburtina a Roma . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sektion Raum Bild Inschrift
HENNER VON HESBERG: Einleitung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
XIII
642
645
648
650
652
655
659
661
664
666
668
671
673
675
678
681
XIV
Inhaltsverzeichnis
683
686
688
691
693
695
698
701
703
707
708
711
712
715
717
720
722
724
727
Inhaltsverzeichnis
XV
Abschlussvortrag
JRGEN HAMMERSTAEDT: Inschrift und Architektur. Die philosophische
Publizistik des Diogenes von Oinoanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
731
Index auctorum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Verzeichnis der Poster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Teilnehmerverzeichnis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
757
761
765
John Bodel
Introduction
Five years ago when our Association convened in Oxford, I attempted to assess
the state of scholarship and research concerned with Latin Epigraphy and the
IT Revolution, the title under which I had been asked to present my thoughts.1
After surveying briefly the pioneering efforts of the first thirty years of digital
epigraphy, beginning with John Jory and David Packer, I focused on developments during what was then the preceding decade, a period that had witnessed
an exponential increase in both the number and the quality of projects initiated
or carried forward in Europe and North America, in three areas particularly: databases, images, and editing.2 I also hazarded two predictions: that we might
soon be on the cusp of entering what I characterized as the third phase of our
digital evolution, which would follow and depend upon the course of the anticipated successor of the World Wide Web, the so-called Semantic Web; and that
the adoption of uniform common standards and the consequent open exchange
of information among diverse epigraphic projects, as exemplified by the loosely
confederated members of the EAGLE consortium, would necessarily pave the
way for this entry into the third phase of digital epigraphy. Finally, I urged any
who planned to undertake work in Greek or Latin digital epigraphy to join the
growing community of researchers employing and developing the open EpiDoc
system of editing conventions for semantic encoding of ancient inscribed documents in XML, according to the guidelines of the Text Encoding Initiative.3
As it turns out, I was about half right. We have not yet reached the Semantic
Web, nor come much closer to it, but the expansion of the EpiDoc community
beyond epigraphists of the ancient Mediterranean world to include classical numismatists and papyrologists, as well as epigraphists of other western and nonwestern cultures, has led to widespread adoption and recognition of the EpiDoc
guidelines as the standard system of semantic markup for the digital publication
of ancient documents. As the community grows, it continues to fine-tune the
utility and precision of the system, but the development of useful cross-walks
among compatible although not identical corpora has proceeded less smoothly.
502
Those bridges that exist have mostly been built ad hoc between particular projects with specific and sometimes peculiar interchange needs. Further articulation of an EpiDoc web of relations of exchange remains a goal for the future.
One welcome, if unanticipated, development, ironically, has been the boost
in recognition given to digital epigraphy by the publication in printed books of
collected papers or conference proceedings devoted to humanities research on
antiquity in a digital environment. Two in particular, published in 2010, combine papers reporting the progress and practices of various digital projects with
essays that address the broader theoretical considerations raised by research and
publication in digital epigraphy.4 In the same year appeared the fourth edition
of the indispensable Guide de lpigraphiste, equipped for the first time with a
printed supplement listing the internet addresses of some ninety websites associated with the works catalogued in its entries.5 Printed books seem a curiously
backwards way to move forward, but if printed media continue to advance the
discussion (if not the practice) of digital innovation, we would be foolish to disdain or denigrate their influence now, even as the revolution rolls on.
A second welcome development has been a breaking down of the conceptual
division between relational databases and full digital editions of inscribed documents. With the expansion of the EpiDoc guidelines to encompass increasingly
complex forms of metadata, we are coming closer to producing the sort of integrated editions that will adequately represent the tripartite themes of this Congress (Display Monument Text), that is, ones that reflect an understanding
of inscriptions as textual monuments originally displayed in specific contexts.
This shift in focus can be seen in a change in the language used by projects pursuing research in this area, which have begun to identify their products as digital
corpora of epigraphic editions rather than as databases of inscribed texts. Three
of the papers on our panel, for example, now present their material as digital
corpora, although more than one began life as a database.
Databases will continue to form starting points for digital corpora, and
many will enjoy continued relevance and use, just as thematically arranged collections (of sacred laws or carmina epigraphica, e.g.) continue to hold value today, even as our printed corpora incorporate their material in more up-to-date
editions. Increasingly, however, researchers in digital epigraphy will find that
the challenge of treating the inscriptions they present less as textual data mines
and more as fully rounded material documents will repay the effort. For where
the new digital editions surpass their printed counterparts is in the possibility
they allow of regular, ongoing, updating and supplement, which obviates the
main liability of the printed medium and yet presents challenges of its own,
Le programme E-PIGRAMME
503
some no doubt as yet unseen, that will continue to engage us as we move forward.
2
3
4
Latin Epigraphy and the IT Revolution, in J. K. Davies and J. J. Wilkes, eds., Proceedings of
the XIII International Congress of LAssociation Internationale dpigraphie Grecque et
Latine, Oxford, September 2007, Proceedings of the British Academy 177 (2012) 27596.
The range of topics represented on our panel reflects promising new developments in all three
areas.
http://sourceforge.net/p/epidoc/wiki/Home.
F. Feraudi-Grunais, ed., Latin On Stone. Epigraphic Research and Electronic Archives (Lanham, MD 2010); G. Bodard and S. Mahony, eds., Digital Research in the Study of Classical
Antiquity (Burlington, VT 2010).
F. Brard, D. Feissel, N. Laubry, P. Petitmengin, D. Rousset, M. Sve, and S. Toulouse, eds.,
Guide de lpigraphiste. Livret des cotes, liste des sites internet pour accompagner la 4e dition
(2010) (Paris 2010).
Michle Brunet
504
dinscriptions, plus discrtes, associes des statues, reliefs, lments architecturaux, etc. se trouvent de facto elles aussi exposes dans les salles du Muse,
pour qui sait les voir et les lire! Tout en souhaitant mieux valoriser la prsence
duvres inscrites dans les salles, Le Louvre dsire publier un nouveau catalogue
de cette Collection, afin de remplacer les deux prcdents, celui de W.Froehner,
Muse imperial du Louvre. Les inscriptions grecques, paru en 1865 et celui de
A.Dain, Inscriptions grecques du Muse du Louvre : les textes indits dit en
1933, devenus incomplets et obsoltes.
De fait, considrer la varit chronologique, gographique mais aussi thmatique de tous ces textes et loriginalit intrinsque de bon nombre de leurs
supports, lintrt scientifique et patrimonial de cet ensemble est incontestable.
Qui plus est, du fait mme de sa diversit, cette collection a valeur dchantillon
idal pour la ralisation dun prototype ditorial innovant, une sorte de E-Sylloge, susceptible de bnficier dune visibilit certaine tout la fois par la publication dun livre, par la diffusion sur le web de plusieurs sites relis, destins
des usages et des publics diffrents, et par une prsentation musographique
renouvele dune partie de la collection. Afin de raliser ces publications saccompagnant dune nouvelle mdiation, un consortium lintersection de lpigraphie, de lhistoire de lart et de larchologie fut constitu et a obtenu un
financement pour 3 annes (20132015) de la part de lAgence Nationale de la
Recherche franaise. Il runit quatre partenaires: deux laboratoires de recherche, lUMR 5189 Histoire et Sources des Mondes Antiques (HiSoMA Michle Brunet), coordonnateur, et lUMR 8210 Anthropologie et Histoire des
Mondes Antiques (ANHIMA Denis Rousset), ainsi que le Dpartement des
Antiquits Grecques Etrusques et Romaines du Muse du Louvre (DAGER
Jean-Luc Martinez) et lcole franaise dAthnes (EfA Richard Bouchon).
Les innovations induites par les outils lectroniques fournissent en effet une
occasion optimale pour approfondir la recherche concernant les modalits techniques, les contours et la forme donner la publication numrique des inscriptions grecques, la suite et avec laide des pionniers, tels Charlotte Rouech,
John Bodel et quelques autres prsents dans cette salle. Dans le contexte de mutation profonde des formes et des rgles de ldition critique savante, alors que
le web est devenu un lieu incontournable de production et de diffusion du savoir, le programme qui dbute officiellement en janvier 2013 consiste laborer
une dition numrique de rfrence en libre accs, utilisant des technologies ouvertes, qui soit conforme aux standards internationaux, enrichie par la mise en
contexte des textes par rapport leurs supports et lieux de provenance. Le cur
du programme vise raliser deux publications conjointes, lune pour la diffusion sur internet, lautre imprime sur papier, rsultant dun processus de pro-
Le programme E-PIGRAMME
505
506
Kirsten Jahn
507
Wertvoll ist die dem Buch von Kropp (2008) beiliegende CD-ROM, denn sie bietet umfangreiche Angaben zu 382 lateinischen Fluchtafeln. Allerdings braucht
der Nutzer entweder eine alte Version von FileMaker, oder die Abfragemglichkeiten reduzieren sich auf eine Wortsuche in einem pdf-Dokument.
Der Mangel an einem aktuellen Corpus und vor allem an bergeordneten
Registern, Konkordanzen bzw. Recherchemglichkeiten ist folglich eklatant.
Die an der Otto-von-Guericke-Universitt Magdeburg eingerichtete Datenbank
TheDeMa behebt diese Missstnde, da sie die technischen Mglichkeiten von
Datenbanken fr diese Quellengattung nutzt und als ein aktualisierbares Gesamtcorpus aller Fluchtafeln angelegt ist.4 Der TheDeMa ermglicht kombinierte
Suchanfragen auf Griechisch, Latein oder in den beigegebenen bersetzungen.
Desweiteren wird zu jeder Tafel eine Bibliographie und eine Konkordanz enthalten sein. Geplant ist, alle defixiones aufzunehmen, soweit sie eine sinnvolle Beschriftung aufweisen, d.h. etwa 1000 Tfelchen. Zu jeder defixio werden der
Text in der textkritischen Edition, in einer vereinfachten Lesevariante und in einer neusprachlichen bersetzung eingegeben werden. ber den reinen Text hinaus werden Angaben zur Materialitt des Objektes gemacht, und es erfolgt eine
systematische Erfassung des Textinhaltes. Dies ermglicht verschiedenste Abfragen, z.B. nach Personennamen, angerufenen Gttern und Dmonen, nach der
Art des Fluches und auch nach den inneren Strukturen der Verfluchung, den formelhaften Wendungen. Insbesondere diese typischen Formeln sollen im Rahmen
eines Forschungsprojektes in Magdeburg untersucht werden, um Einblicke in
die Transformationen der antiken Verfluchungspraxis zu gewinnen und herauszufinden, in welchem Verhltnis die allgemeinen Merkmale dieser Quellengattung zu ihrer spezifischen Ausprgung im jeweiligen Kulturraum stehen.
Kirsten Jahn, Magdeburg
kirsten.jahn@ovgu.de
Anmerkungen:
1
Die wichtigsten unter ihnen sind: IG III 3: Defixionum Tabellae Atticae, ed. R. Wnsch, Berlin
1897; A. Audollent, Defixionum tabellae, Paris 1904; D. Jordan, A Survey of Greek Defixiones Not Included in the Special Corpora, GRBS 26, 1985, 151197; ders., New Greek
Curse Tablets (19852000), GRBS 41, 2000, 546.
H. Solin, Eine neue Fluchtafel aus Ostia, Comm. hum. litt. Soc. Sc. Fennica 42, 3, Helsinki
1968; R. S. O. Tomlin, The Curse Tablets, in: B. Cunliffe (Hrsg.), The Temple of Sulis Minerva at Bath, II: The Finds from the Sacred Spring, Oxford 1992, 59277; J. Gager, Curse Tablets and Binding Spells from the Ancient World, New York 1992; D. Ogden, Magic,
Witchcraft, and Ghosts in the Greek and Roman Worlds: A Sourcebook, Oxford 2009.
508
3
509
la loro elevata quantit; in secondo luogo, per la mancanza quasi totale di rilievi
georeferenziati delle catacombe romane, con leccezione positiva del Domitilla
Projekt (N. Zimmermann, AW), che ha realizzato un rilievo tridimensionale
e completamente georeferenziato della catacomba di Domitilla, la pi estesa del
suburbio romano. allo studio una connessione diretta di questo modello virtuale con lEDB, anche per costituire un utile precedente anche per gli altri complessi cimiteriali cristiani romani. Da parte della PCAS, con cui lEDB collabora
da sempre e strettamente, si auspica lavvio di un progetto condiviso per la realizzazione di rilievi georeferenziati cui poter collegare dinamicamente i dati
dellEDB.
2. Come rilevato da chi scrive in altre occasioni,2 i vari supporti materiali e le
connesse tecniche esecutive, di diverso livello qualitativo, appaiono differentemente presenti nelle singole regioni di una medesima catacomba. La distribuzione delle iscrizioni non costante, ma con ogni evidenza segue i livelli sociali
(indicati dai tipi di tomba o dalla ricercatezza architettonica e decorativa) dei
fruitori delle differenti aree di una medesima catacomba cristiana, specchio
esattamente come una qualsiasi necropoli antica di una societ fortemente diversificata, come attestato anche dalle differenze nelluso delle lingue greca e latina e del loro uso pi o meno corretto nellortografia e nella sintassi. In questa
ottica trova il suo senso la scelta in EDB di non correggere le cosiddette forme
aberranti delle parole (ovviamente quando esse siano riflessi della lingua usuale). La divergenza dalla norma significativa dei mutamenti linguistici ed anche
dei registri linguistici ed espressivi dei committenti e degli estensori delle iscrizioni funerarie della Roma tardoantica: le cosiddette forme aberranti quindi
non vanno corrette; ma contemporaneamente lEDB deve garantire affidabilit
nella ricerca testuale. La soluzione la realizzazione di un thesaurus complessivo
dei termini presenti nelle trascrizioni. Ogni termine associato alla sua forma
normativa, nonch al suo lemma: ad esempio, cesquet associato a quiescit, dipendente da quiesco. Il thesaurus permetter di operare ricerche sulla base di
lemmi e forme normative e di trovare varianti loro associate. In prospettiva sar
interessante combinare le ricerche morfolinguistiche con quelle per contesti, per
verificare in quale misura, analogamente alle tecniche esecutive ed alle grafie,
anche il registro linguistico sia o no coerente con il panorama generale del contesto monumentale cui, inscindibilmente, il monumento scritto appartiene.
Antonio Enrico Felle, Bari
ae.felle@gmail.com
510
Note:
1
Sotto questo aspetto, lambito di azione dellEDB pi vicino a quello anchesso di scala solo
urbana delle note Inscriptions of Aphrodisias realizzate con il sistema EpiDoc. Ma le corrispondenze si fermano qui, dato il forte divario nella quantit dei documenti. Inoltre, oggettivamente difficile trovare corrispondenza lineare tra le esigenze di definizione dei concetti
topografici di EDB con quelli pi generici previsti nel sistema EpiDoc (<rs type="found">
<placeName type="ancientFindspot" key="----"></placeName></rs> e <rs type="origLocation">
</rs>).
A. E. Felle, La documentazione epigrafica della catacomba di Domitilla a Roma alla luce
dellEpigraphic Database Bari: nuovi elementi di riflessione, pubblicazione on line: [http: //
ciegl.classics.ox.ac.uk/html/webposters/30_Felle.pdf], settembre 2007; A. E. Felle, Prassi epigrafiche nella catacomba di Domitilla a Roma. Elementi di riflessione, in Episcopus, ciuitas,
territorium. Actas XV Congreso Internacional de Arqueologa Cristiana (Toledo, 812 septiembre 2008), Citt del Vaticano 2013, 15591568.
Manfred Hainzmann
511
512
ntzliche Auxilia Epigraphica versucht der Verfasser dieses Beitrages seit geraumer Zeit mit dem Online-Portal Monumenta Epigraphica Electronica
(MonEE) bereit zu stellen.
Die digitale Editionstechnik ist nur eine Seite des fachinternen Bemhens um
eine bessere globale Nutzung unserer antiken Quellen. In der Kodierung der
Texte zum Zwecke ihrer maschinellen Auswertung steckt eine noch viel grere
Herausforderung (vgl. das Projekt EPIDOC). Es steht also auer Zweifel, dass
die bereits bestehenden Datenbanken den Zugang zum Inschriftenmaterial
enorm erleichtern. Was freilich noch fehlt, ist eine direkte elektronische Anbindung an die einschlgigen Corpora mit ihren auch fr die Forschungsgeschichte
so informativen Kommentaren.
Manfred Hainzmann, Graz
fercan@oeaw.ac.at
A Digital Corpus of Ancient Inscriptions from the Northern Black Sea Coast 513
inscriptions from this region are now preserved in some 30 museums in Russia,
Ukraine and Western Europe. Chronologically, the material dates from ca. 600
BCE to 1450s CE, thus including the Byzantine period. We adopted IOSPE3 as
a title of our project in order to underline the continuity of scholarly tradition
going back to the first corpus prepared by Latyshev.
The new IOSPE will include not only lapidary inscriptions, but also texts inscribed on metal, ceramic and bone fabrics; new editions of all inscriptions will
be based on the study of the originals, whenever possible. Important innovations
of the corpus are the bilingual (Russian/English) format, and an open access digital edition alongside the traditional print edition. The advantages of publishing
the new corpus freely on the internet are the following: accessibility of material
to online users around the world; large scale of materials that can be made available; media, including colour images, animations, 3-dimensional reconstructions, interactive visualizations; hypertext navigation both within the site (for
cross-references, footnotes, index entries, image thumbnails) and to externally
hosted supporting materials, making it easier to cite and point to evidence and
prior scholarship; periodic updating of the corpus with new editions, or new inscriptions; versatile research process, through the use of multiple search filters
and indices.
The new IOSPE corpus will make use of the EpiDoc standards for digital encoding and publication of epigraphy. EpiDoc is a schema and set of guidelines
for the application of the established XML system defined by the Text Encoding
Initiative (TEI) to ancient epigraphic and papyrological texts. The EpiDoc is a
well-established standard, and has been used to publish several high-profile online epigraphic collections. One of the key features of EpiDoc (and TEI) is that
the XML is used to encode structural and semantic features of the text and edition, in a form that is machine-actionable but not meant for humans to read.
From this explicit and computer-readable code, transformations are applied to
generate various outputs that scholars expect, from the interpretive edition itself, with all the restorations, brackets and other sigla of the Leiden Conventions, to a diplomatic edition showing a version of the text closer to what
appears on the stone. Another transformation of XML collates the underlying
marked-up data and generates the indices.
A large number of authors are involved in the work on the corpus, and they
are physically distant one from another, while often needing to consult each other. The collaborative aspect of the project involves the need: to enable several
authors to work on an edition of a particular text in a format that could be accessed, transmitted and displayed in universally comprehensible format between
users with different sets of hardware at their disposal. The collaborative and
514
workflow features of this project are in part addressed by adapting and repurposing an Open Source tool the Son of SOL.
Since the region of the Black Sea had multiple cultural and economic connections with the Greek states of the Aegean and of Asia Minor from the late 7th
century BC onwards, as well as important cultural and linguistic connections
with various indigenous tribes, some of them nomadic, such as Scythians and
Sarmatians and some settled, such as Taurians, we aim to register the complex
web of geographic relationships between the areas of the Black Sea, reflected in
the epigraphic data of the IOSPE. We plan to enhance the usability of our geographic datasets by linking up with the Pleiades Project, an online gazetteer of
ancient places and place names. In the future, we intend to adopt for the needs
of IOSPE similar technological solutions as employed in the online Inscriptions
of Roman Tripolitania, where Atom and KML were used to express geographical relationships between the internal database of locations and references to
geographical terms in the XML of the inscriptions themselves.
The present team works on the project since 2001 under the scientific direction of Askold Ivantchik. In 2002, this project came under the patronage of the
International Union of Academies and has since been supported by small grants
of different research institutions and foundations. In 2008, Irene Polinskaya initiated a collaboration with digital researchers at Kings College London (Gabriel
Bodard is the head of our technical team), and in 2010, Kings College London
secured a five-year grant from the A. G. Leventis Foundation on behalf of the
project, which is currently in its third year. The progress of our work can be followed on the projects public website: https://iospe.cch.kcl.ac.uk/index.html. We
anticipate that the first online collection of inscriptions (Byzantine) will be made
public in 2014, and the second (Inscriptions of Chersonesos) in 2015. Print
editions will precede online publications.
Askold Ivantchik, Bordeaux/Moscow
ivantchik@u-bordeaux3.fr
Irene Polinskaya, London
irene.polinskaya@kcl.ac.uk
515
Giulia Sarullo
516
that in most of the cases are impossible to integrate. In comparison with later
texts, the archaic Latin inscriptions need a very small range of the sigla used in
Leiden. A few examples will show some of the solutions we elaborated to solve
the issues we have encountered.
In the Vendia inscription, the -S in VENDIAS is written in the direction opposite to the ductus of the inscription, so we decided to use the <hi rend=
"reversed"> tag. This encoding is generally used to markup the reversed letters
that can be encountered in later epigraphic documents, that is, the initial letter
of an abbreviated word written as reversed to avoid misunderstandings of gender. As a matter of fact, when the standard EpiDoc XSLT is applied, a letter
marked up with the element <hi rend="reversed"> would be enclosed in double
round parentheses (e.g. ((S)) in our case). In archaic Latin epigraphy, though, the
reversed letters do not carry a special meaning and are frequent especially in the
most archaic testimonies in which the ductus is fluctuating; it is then common
practice to leave these letters unmarked in their edition, and we decided to comply to this practice; nevertheless, we decided to use the <hi rend="reversed"> element anyway so that in a search it would be possible to recover all the
inscriptions presenting a reversed letter.
In the archaic Latin inscriptions the ductus is a predominant issue that requires a specific markup. Unlike more recent inscriptions that have a predominant left-to-right ductus, as the Vendia inscription, the epigraphic documents
dating back to the 7th and 6th century BC show a fluctuating trend: there are
right-to-left epigraphs, such as the inscription on the silver bowl from Praeneste
VETUSIA; boustrophedon, such as in the Forum Romanum inscription (CIL
I2 1), indicated with a different value on each line; and there are also some particular cases such as the Castor and Pollux dedication from Lavinium (CIL I2
2833) and the Tibur pedestal inscription (CIL I2 2658).
In the lamina from Lavinium the inscription is engraved on two lines from
right to left, but at the end of the first line, perhaps due to lack of space, the author rotated the lamina 90 degrees clockwise and wrote the two vowels of the
conjunction -que vertically. In the encoding process we treated these two vowels
as a separate line defined by the element <lb n="2" rend="up-to-down"/> in order to point out the different ductus, thus raising the number of lines to 3.
A more complex case is that of the Tibur pedestal inscription, which presents
a serpentine ductus. This text is marked up as seven different lines and each line
is specified by the attribute of the direction of the script. This inscription presents both reversed letters and upside-down letters, a peculiarity that occurs in a
few Latin epigraphic documents dating back to the 6th century BC. The EpiDoc
Guidelines do not provide for this eventuality and none of the allowed values of
517
@rend for the <hi> element is suitable for this issue. We need therefore to provide a new value, upside-down, in order to render, for example, the V (line 2)
and the L (line 6) in this text.
Since the EpiDoc Guidelines were first designed to encode in XML relatively
late epigraphic documents, our challenge has been to adapt those Guidelines in
order to mark up the Latin inscriptions originated between the 7th and the 5th
century BC in the best possible way: some elements were adapted to serve our
purpose, others needed to be created in order to render some features of the
texts.
Giulia Sarullo, Enna
giulia.sarullo@unikore.it