DLPRTESTtrainer

3.1 DC machines experiments

3.1.1. Introduction

ClassDL30220Pexperiments
6exercises

TheexperimentsaredesignedaccordingtothetypesofDCmotors.

Thegenerators,accordingtotheratedvalues,aretestedbyusingthetestbench
machine.

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3.1.2. DL 30220P exercises

Intheapplication,whenweselectthemachineDL30220P(clickonthemachine)
anewwindowwillappear.

LetusanalyzethismainwindowoftheDirectCurrentMultiexcitationMachine
experiments.

Theonewirediagramisthegeneraldiagramthatwewilladaptwhendifferent
experimentscenarioswillbedesigned.Ontherightside,thereisthepictureof
theterminalboardthatwillbeintegratedinthedifferentexperimentdiagrams.
Below this figure, there is the plate with the rated values that must be
referencedwhenperforminganyexperiment.

Below the one wire diagram, the experiments are accessible by selecting the
left/rightarrows.

Afterwehaveselectedanexperimentdiagramfortesting,intheinterfacefooter
wehaveaccess,asmainfacilities,tosomeexperimenttools.

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Experiment 1. DC motor starting compound excitation

Objectives
This is a direct method for testing a DC machine. It is a simple method for
measuring the motor output speed and when we connect the load we can
analyzeunderloadconditionsthespeedandtheefficiencyatdifferentloads.

The purpose of the experiment is to study the motor starting and the speed
controlwhentheDCmotoriscompoundexcited.

Componentslist
thetestbench
themachine,DL30220P
theDL30205excitationrheostat,1500ohms,0.2A,120WRe.
theDL30206excitationrheostat,5to25ohms,2.15A/120WRa.

From the literature we know that the speed control is done

through the armature voltage control, the excitation current
control, or the flux control methods.

Procedure

1.Maketheproperwiringaccordingtothediagram

When you read the plate (motor section), notice the rated
currents in windings, then notice the rated parameters of the
other equipment used in diagram (like the rheostat), then use
them accordingly.

2.Adjusttherheostats'resistanceattheirmaximumvalues.

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3.WiththeDCmotorselectedapplication,clickontheTESTbutton

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Now,youhaveaccesstotheexperimentcontrolaccordingtotheprivilegesyou
havegot(seetheinstallationsectionfordetails).

Inthisfigure,youhavecontroloverthevoltagearmature(theDCpowersupply
is controlled through the software) left side slider and, like in other
experiments,youhaveaccesstotheimplementedgraphfunctionforyourown
studiesorforafastanalysisoftheDCmotor.

4. Supplythe armature at the rated voltage and control the Rheostat Ra and
Re.

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Now, you can check the values by using the digital measuring systems (DC
INSTRUMENTorMECHINSTRUMENT).

CLICK

5.Clickonthegraphsymbol,collectthesignificantdataanddrawtherelated
graph.

Alltheotherfacilitieshavethesamemeaningslikeintheotherexperiments.

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6. Exercise by adjusting the rheostats and see on the graph the currents and
speedvariations.

7.Exercisewiththeexcitationcurrentsandtrytomaintaintheconstantvalue
ofrpm.

Make correlations between armature voltage and adjusted current value for
keepingtheconstantrpm.

8.Drawthecharacteristicn=f(Iexc).

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9.Evaluatetheelectricalpowerthatisabsorbedfromthepowersupply.

10.SetthearmaturevoltagedowntoMin.

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11.ClicktheLoadTestbutton

12.ClicktheSTARTINVERTERbuttontosetthebrake

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13.Setthebrakelevelandmonitorthemechanicalparameterchange.

PayattentionnottoexceedthemechanicalPowerratedvalue.

14. Click on the Torque Graph picture and check the scrolling of the data
acquisition.

CLICK

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15.ClicktheSTOPbutton.

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Questions

As you know, on the DC machine we have two main windings that must be
suppliedindifferentways.Whatisthedifferencebetweenaseparatelyexcited
andashuntexcitedDCgenerator?Whataboutshuntexcitedandseriesexcited
motors?

Useaseparatepaperanddraw,inthesimplestway,therelateddiagramsforall
threetypesofmotors.

In terms of rated parameters, understand the values of the currents in the

differentwindings.

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