Shanty Bunga Adinda

2110251015/UTS

Aljabar Linear

1. Selesaikan Sistem Persamaan Linear berikut dengan menggunakan Operasi baris dasar

a+ 4 b+ 3 c−2 d+ e=4

a+ 3 b−2 c +d +3 e=2

2 a−2b+ c +4 d−e=8

2 a+b+ 5 c−3 d +3 e=4

a+ b+c +d +2 e=2

Pembahasan :

[ |]
1 4 3 −2 1 4
1 3 −2 1 3 2
2−2 1 4 −1 8
2 1 5 −3 3 4
1 1 1 1 2 2

b 2=(−1 ) b1+ b2

b 3=(−2 ) b1 +b3

b 4=(−2 ) b1 +b 4

b 5=(−1 ) b1 +b5

[ |]
1 4 3 −2 1 4
0 −1 −5 3 2 −2
0 −10 −5 8 −3 0
0 −7 −1 1 1 −4
0 −3 −2 3 1 −2

b 2=(−1 ) b2
[ |]
1 4 3 −2 1 4
0 1 5 −3 −2 2
0 −10 −5 8 −3 0
0 −7 −1 1 1 −4
0 −3 −2 3 1 −2

b 1=(−4 ) b2 +b1

[ |]
1 0 −17 10 9 −4
0 1 5 −3 −2 2
0 −10 −5 8 −3 0
0 −7 −1 1 1 −4
0 −3 −2 3 1 −2

b 3=( 10 ) b2 +b3

b 4=( 7 ) b 2+ b4

b 5=( 3 ) b2 +b5

[ |]
1 0 −17 10 9 −4
0 1 5 −3 −2 2
0 0 45 −22 −23 2 0
0 0 34 −20 −13 10
0 0 13 −6 −5 4

b 3= ( 451 ) b
3

[ |]
10 9 −4
1 0 −17
−3 −2 2
01 5
−22 −23 4
00 1
45 45 9
0 0 34
−20 −13 10
0 0 13
−6 −5 4

b 1=( 17 ) b3 +b1

b 2=(−5 ) b3 +b2
[ |]
76 14 32
45 45 9
10 0
−5 5 −2
01 0
9 9 9
00 1
−22 −23 4
0 0 34
45 45 9
0 0 13
−20 −13 10
−6 −5 4

b 4=(−34 ) b3 +b 4

b 5=(−13 ) b3 +b 5

[ |]
76 14 32
45 45 9
−5 5 −2
100
9 9 9
010
−22 −23 4
001
45 45 9
000
−152 197 −46
000
45 45 9
16 74 −16
45 45 9

b 4= ( −45
152 )
b 4

[ |]
14 32
76
45 9
45
5 −2
1 0 0 −5
9 9
010 9
−23 4
0 0 1 −22
45 9
0 0 0 45
−197 115
000 1
152 76
16
74 −16
45
45 9

b 1= ( −76
45 )
b +b 4 1
b 2= ()
5
b +b
4 4 2

b 3= ( 2245 ) b + b
4 3

b 5= ( −16
45 )
b +b 4 5

[ |]
5
1
2
47
−25
1000 76
152
0100 45
−87
0010 38
76
0001 115
−197
0000 76
152
−44
40
19
19

b 5= ( 1940 ) b
5

[ |]
5 1
2 47
1 0 0 0 −25 76
0 1 0 0 152 45
0 0 1 0 −87 38
0 0 0 1 76 115
0 0 0 0 −197 76
152 −11
1 10

b 1= ( −52 ) b + b5 1

b 2= ( 152
22
) b +b 5 2

b 3= ( 8776 )b +b
5 3
b 4= ( )
197
b +b
152 5 4

[ |]
15
4
7
10000
16
01000
−3
00100
40
00010
7
00001
80
−11
10

Pembuktian :

15 7 −3 7 −11
a= , b= , c= , d= , e=
4 16 40 80 10

Persamaan 1

a+ 4 b+ 3 c−2 d+ e=4

15
4
+4 ( ) ( ) ( )
7
16
+3
−3
40
−2
7 −11
80
+
10
=4

15 28 9 14 11
+ − − − =4
4 16 4 0 80 10

300+140−18−14−88
=4
80

320
=4
80

Persamaan 2

a+ 3 b−2 c +d +3 e=2

15
4
+3
7
( ) ( )
16
−2
−3 7
+ +3
40 80
−11
10 ( )
=2

15 21 6 7 33
+ + + − =2
4 16 40 80 10

300+105+12+7−254
=2
80
160
=2
80

Persamaan 3

2 ( 154 )−2( 167 )+( −340 )+ 4 ( 807 )−( −11

10 )
=8

30 14 3 28 11
− − + + =8
4 16 40 80 10

300−140−18+14+ 88
=8
80

640
=8
80

Persamaan 4

2 a+b+ 5 c−3 d +3 e=4

2 ( 154 )+ 167 + 5( −340 )−3( 807 )+3( −11

10 )
=4

30 7 15 21 33
+ − − − =4
4 16 40 80 10

600+35−30−21−264
=4
80

320
=4
80

Persamaan 5

a+ b+c +d +2 e=2

15 7 −3
+ +
7
+ +2
4 16 40 80 ( )
−11
10
=2 ( )
15 7 3 7 22
+ − + − =2
4 16 40 80 10

300+35−6 +7−176
=2
80

160
=2
80
2. Selesaikan Sistem Persamaan Linear berikut dengan menggunakan Operasi baris dasar

a+ b+2 c−2 d−e=4

−2 a+b+ 4 c−2 d+ e=6

5 a+2 b+3 c+ d−e=4

2 a+b−4 c +d +2 e=2

3 a+ b−c+3 d +e=6

Pembahasan :

[ |]
1 1 2 −2 −1 4
−2 1 4 −2 1 6
5 2 3 1 −1 4
2 1 −4 1 2 2
3 1 −1 3 1 6

b 2 = ( 2 ) b 1 + b2

b 3=(−5 ) b1 +b3

b 4=(−2 ) b1 +b 4

b 5=(−3 ) b1 +b5

[ |]
1 1 2 −2 −1 4
0 3 8 −6 −1 14
0 −3 −7 11 4 −16
0 −1 −8 5 4 −6
0 −2 −7 9 4 −6

b 2= ( 13 ) b2

[ |]
2 −1 4
1 1 −2
8 −1 14
0 1 −2
3 3 3
0 −3 11
−7 4 −16
0 −1 5
−8 4 −6
0 −2 9
−7 4 −6

b 1=(−1 ) b2+ b1
[ |]
−2 −2 −2
1 0 3 0 3 3
0 1 8 −2 −1 14
0 −3 3 11 3 3
0 −1 −7 5 4 −16
0 −2 −8 9 4 −6
−7 4 −6

b 3=( 3 ) b2 +b3

b 4=( 1 ) b2 +b 4

b 5=( 2 ) b2 +b5

[ |]
−2 −2 −2
3 3 3
1 0 8 0 −1 14
0 1 3 −2 3 3
00 1 5 3 −2
0 0 −16 3 11 −4
00 3 5 3 3
−5 10 10
3 3 3

b 1= ( 23 ) b +b
3 1

b 2= ( −83 )b + b
3 2

[ |]
4
0 10 3 −2
10 0 3 −25 10
01 1 −46 3 −2
0 0 −16 3 3 −4
00 3 5 11 3
0 0 −5 3 3 10
3 5 10 3
3

b 4= ( 163 ) b +b
3 4
b 5=() 5
b +b
3 3 5

[ ]
10 4
3 3

|
1 0 0 −46 −25 −2
010 3 3 10
001 5 3 −2
0 0 0 89 59 −12
000 3 3 0
40 25
3 3

b 4= ( 893 ) b
4

[ ]
4

|
10
3
3 −2
100 −25
−46 10
010 3
3 −2
001 3
5 −36
000 59
1 89
000 89
40 0
25
3
3

b 1=( −103 ) b +b 4 1

b 2=( 463 ) b + b
4 2

b 3=(−5 ) b4 + b3

b 5=( −40
3 )
b +b 4 5
[ |]
−78 −58
89 89
163 338
1000
89 89
0100
−28 2
0010
89 89
0001
59 −36
0000
89 89
−45 480
89 89

b 5= ( −89
45 )
b 5

[ |]
−58
−78
89
89
338
1 0 0 0 163
89
0 1 0 0 89
2
0 0 1 0 −28
89
0 0 0 1 89
−36
0 0 0 0 59
89
89
−32
1
3

b 1= ( 7889 ) b + b
5 1

b 2= ( −163
89 )
b +b 5 2

b 3= ( 2889 )b + b
5 3

b 4= ( 5989 ) b +b
5 4
[ |]
−10
70
10000 3
01000 −10
00100 3
00010 20
00001 3
−32
3

Pembuktian :

70 −10 20 −32
a=−10 , b= , c= , d= ,e=
3 3 3 3

Persamaan 1

a+ b+2 c−2 d−e=4

−10+
70
3
+2 ( ) ( )( )
−10
3
−2
20
3
−
−32
3
=4

70 20 40 32
−10+ − − + =4
3 3 3 3

−30+70−20−40+32
=4
3

12
=4
3

Persamaan 2

−2 a+b+ 4 c−2 d+ e=6

−2 (−10 ) +
70
3 ( ) ( )( )
+4
−10
3
−2
20
3
+
−32
3
=6

70 40 40 32
2 0+ − − − =6
3 3 3 3

60+70−40−40−32
=6
3

18
=6
3

Persamaan 3
5 a+2 b+3 c+ d−e=4

5 (−10 ) +2 ( 703 )+3( −103 )+ 203 −( −323 )=4

140 30 20 32
−50+ − + + =4
3 3 3 3

−150+140−30+ 20+32
=4
3

12
=4
3

Persamaan 4

2 a+b−4 c +d +2 e=2

2 (−10 ) +
70
3
−4 ( )
−10 20
3
+ +2
3
−32
3
=2 ( )
70 40 20 64
−20+ + + − =2
3 3 3 3

−60+70+ 40+20−64
=2
3

6
=2
3

Persamaan 5

70 −10 20 −32
a=−10 , b= , c= , d= ,e=
3 3 3 3

3 a+ b−c+3 d +e=6

3 (−10 ) +
3
− ( ) ( )( )
70 −10
3
+3
20
3
+
−32
3
=6

70 10 60 32
−30+ + + − =6
3 3 3 3

−90+70+10+ 60−32
=6
3

18
=6
3
3. Selesaikan Sistem Persamaan Linear berikut dengan menggunakan Operasi baris dasar

a−b+2 c + 4 d−e=1

2 a+b+ 2 c+ d+2 e=2

3 a+2 b+ c+ 2d −e=3

a+ 3 b+2 c+ d+ 2e=4

3 a+ b+4 c+ 3 d+ e=5

Pembahasan

[ |]
1 −1 2 4 −1 1
2 1 21 2 2
3 2 1 2 −1 3
1 3 21 2 4
3 1 43 1 5

b 2=(−2 ) b1 +b2

b 3=(−3 ) b1 +b3

b 4=(−1 ) b1 +b 4

b 5=(−3 ) b1 +b5

[ |]
1 −1 2 4 −1 1
0 3 −2 −7 4 0
0 5 −5−10 2 0
0 4 0 −3 3 3
0 4 −2 −9 4 2

b 2= ( 13 ) b2

[ |]
2 4 −1
1 −1 1
−2 −7 4
0 1 0
3 3 3
0 5 0
−5 −10 2
0 4 3
0 −3 3
0 4 2
−2 −9 4

b 1 = ( 1 ) b 2 + b1
[ |]
4 5 1
10 3 3 3 1
0 1 −2 −7 4 0
05 3 3 3 0
0 4 −5 −10 2 3
0 4 0 −3 3 2
−2 −9 4

b 3=(−5 ) b2 +b3

b 4=(−4 ) b 2+ b4

b 5=(−4 ) b2 +b5

[ ]
4 5 1
3 3 3

|
−2 −7 4
10 1
3 3 3
01 0
−5 5 −14
00 0
3 3 3
00 3
8 19 −7
00 2
3 3 3
2 1 −4
3 3 3

b 3=( −43 ) b 3

[ ]
1
4 5
3
3 3

|
4
1 0 −2 −7 1
3
01 3 3 0
14
0 0 1 −1 0
5
0 0 8 19 3
−7
00 3 3 2
3
2 1
−4
3 3
3

b 1=( −43 ) b +b3 1

b 2=( 23 ) b + b
3 2
[ ]
−17
5
0 3

|
16
1 0 0 −3 1
5
0 1 1 −1 0
14
0 0 8 19 0
5
00 3 3 3
−7
00 2 1 2
3
3 3
−4
3

b 4= ( −83 ) b +b 3 4

b 5= ( −23 ) b + b 3 5

[ ]
−17
5

|
16
100 3 1
5
0 1 0 −3 0
14
0 0 1 −1 0
5
000 9 3
−49
000 1 2
5
−16
5

b 4= ( 19 ) b 4

[ ]
−17

|
5
16 1
100 3
5 0
0 1 0 −3
14 0
0 0 1 −1
5 1
000 1
−49 3
000 1
45 2
−16
5

b 1=(−3 ) b4 + b1

b 2=( 3 ) b4 + b2
b 3=( 1 ) b 4 +b 3

b 5=(−1 ) b4 +b 5

[ |]
−2
5 0
−1 1
1000
15 1
0100
77 3
0010
45 1
0001
−49 3
0000
45 5
−19 3
9

b 5= ( −919 ) b 5

[ |]
−2
0
5
1
1 0 0 0 −1
1
0 1 0 0 15
3
0 0 1 0 77
1
0 0 0 1 45
3
0 0 0 0 −49
−1 5
45
19
1

b 1= ( 152 ) b +b
5 1

b 2= ( 151 ) b +b
5 2

b 3= ( −77
45 )
b +b 5 3

b 4= ( 4945 ) b + b
5 4
[ |]
−2
19
18
10000
19
01000
32
00100
19
00010
−10
00001
19
−15
19

Pembuktian :

−2 18 32 −10 −15
a= , b= , c= , d= , e=
19 19 19 19 19

Persamaan 1

a−b+2 c + 4 d−e=1

−2 18
− +2
19 19
32
19
+4 ( ) ( )( )
−10
19
−
−15
19
=1

−2 18 64 40 15
− + − + =1
19 19 19 19 19

−2−18+64−40+15
=1
19

19
=1
19

Persamaan 2

2 a+b+ 2 c+ d+2 e=2

2 ( −219 )+ 1819 + 2( 3219 )+( −10

19 ) ( 19 )
+2
−15
=2

−4 18 64 10 3 0
+ + − − =2
19 19 19 19 19

−4 +18+64−10−30
=2
19

38
=2
19
Persamaan 3

3 a+2 b+ c+ 2d −e=3

3 ( −219 )+2( 1819 )+ 3219 +2( −10

19 ) −(
19 )
−15
=3

−6 36 32 20 15
+ + − + =3
19 19 19 19 19

−6+36+ 32−20+15
=3
19

57
=3
19

Persamaan 4

−2 18 32 −10 −15
a= , b= , c= , d= , e=
19 19 19 19 19

a+ 3 b+2 c+ d+ 2e=4

−2
19
+3
18
19 ( ) ( )( ) ( )
+2
32
19
+
−10
19
+2
−15
19
=4

−2 54 64 10 30
+ + − − =4
19 19 19 19 19

−2+54+64−10−30
=4
19

76
=4
19

Persamaan 5

3 a+ b+4 c+ 3 d+ e=5

3 ( −219 )+ 1819 +4 ( 3219 )+3( −10

19 ) +(
19 )
−15
=5

−6 18 128 30 15
+ + − − =5
19 19 19 19 19

−6+18+128−30−15
=5
19

95
=5
19