1. .

∞
𝜋
∑ cos3 ( )
𝑛=1
√𝑛 + 1

TEOREMA DE LA DIVERGENCIA
∞

𝑆𝑖 lim 𝑎𝑛 𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒, ó 𝑠𝑖 𝑒𝑙 lim 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0, 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞
𝑛=1

𝜋
= lim (cos3 ( ))
𝑛→∞ √𝑛 + 1
𝜋
= lim cos3 √𝑛
𝑛→∞
√𝑛 1
( ( 𝑛 + 𝑛 ))
0
= cos3 ( )
√1 + 0
= cos 3 (0)
=1
1 ≠ 0 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
 2. .
∞
2
∑(−1)𝑛 2
3 𝑛
𝑛=1 (1 − 𝑛)

CRITERIO DE SERIES ALTERNANTES.

CONVERGENTE

1. lim 𝑎𝑛 = 0
𝑛→∞

2. 𝑎𝑛+1 ≤ 𝑎𝑛 → 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

2
= lim ( 2)
𝑛→∞ 3 𝑛
(1 − 𝑛)

1
= lim 2 ( 2)
𝑛→∞ 3 𝑛
(1 − 𝑛)

𝑛2
1
= 2 lim (( ) )
𝑛→∞ 𝑛−3
𝑛
2
𝑛 𝑛
= 2 lim (( ) )
𝑛→∞ 𝑛−3
𝑛 2
𝑛
= 2 lim (( 𝑛 ) )
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 3
𝑛−𝑛
2
1 𝑛
= 2 lim (( ) )
𝑛→∞ 1−0

= 2(1)∞
= 2 ≠ 0 → 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
 3. .

∞
𝑛
∑ 3
𝑛=1 (4𝑛 + 1)2

CRITERIO DE COMPARACIÓN EN EL LIMITE

𝑎𝑛
𝑆𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛 > 0 𝑦 𝑏𝑛 > 0 𝑠𝑖 lim = 𝐿 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝐿 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑦 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑛→∞ 𝑏𝑛

𝑛 1
𝑎𝑛 = 3 𝑦 𝑏𝑛 = 3
(4𝑛 + 1)2 (4𝑛 + 1)2

𝑛
3
(4𝑛 + 1)2
lim
𝑥→∞ 1
3
(4𝑛 + 1)2

lim 𝑛
𝑥→∞

∞ → 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
 4. .
∞
1
∑
𝑛(ln 𝑛)2
𝑛=2

CRITERIO DE LA INTEGRAL
∞
∞ 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 → ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
1
∑ 𝑎𝑛 ∞
𝑛=1 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 → ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
{ 1

1
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥(ln 𝑥)2
∞
1
=∫ 2
𝑑𝑥
2 𝑥(ln 𝑥)
𝑢 = ln 𝑥
1
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
𝑥𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
∞
1
=∫ 2
𝑥𝑑𝑢
2 𝑥(𝑢)
∞
= ∫ 𝑢−2 𝑑𝑢
2
𝑢−1 ∞
= |
−1 2
1 ∞
=− |
ln 𝑥 2
1 1
=− +
ln ∞ ln 2
1 1
=− +
∞ ln 2

1
=0+
ln 2
1
= → 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
ln 2

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
 5. .
∞
𝑛2 2𝑛+1
∑
(𝑛!)2
𝑛=1

CRITERIO DE LA RAZÓN
∞

𝑆𝑖 𝐿 > 1 ó ∞ → ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑎𝑛+1 𝑛=1
lim =𝐿 𝑆𝑖 𝐿 = 1 → 𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑦𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛 ∞

𝑆𝑖 𝐿 < 1 → ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
{ 𝑛=1

𝑛2 2𝑛+1 𝑛2 2𝑛 2
𝑎𝑛 = =
(𝑛!)2 (𝑛!)2

(𝑛 + 1)2 2𝑛+1+1 (𝑛 + 1)2 2𝑛+2 (𝑛 + 1)2 2𝑛 22

𝑎𝑛+1 = 2 = 2 =
((𝑛 + 1)!) (𝑛! (𝑛 + 1)) (𝑛!)2 (𝑛 + 1)2

(𝑛 + 1)2 2𝑛 22
(𝑛!)2 (𝑛 + 1)2
𝐿 = lim
𝑥→∞ 𝑛2 2𝑛 2
(𝑛!)2
2
𝐿 = lim 2
𝑥→∞ 𝑛
2
𝐿=
∞
𝐿=0
𝑆𝑖 𝐿 < 1 → 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
 6. .
∞
(𝑛!)2
∑(−1)𝑛
(2𝑛 + 1)!
𝑛=1

CRITERIO DE LA RAZÓN
∞

𝑆𝑖 𝐿 > 1 ó ∞ → ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑎𝑛+1 𝑛=1
lim =𝐿 𝑆𝑖 𝐿 = 1 → 𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑦𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛 ∞

𝑆𝑖 𝐿 < 1 → ∑ 𝑎𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
{ 𝑛=1

(𝑛!)2 (−1)𝑛 (𝑛!)2

𝑎𝑛 = (−1)𝑛 =
(2𝑛 + 1)! (2𝑛 + 1)!

2
(𝑛 + 1!)2 (−1)𝑛+1 (𝑛! (𝑛 + 1)) (−1)𝑛 (−1)(𝑛!)2 (𝑛 + 1)2
𝑎𝑛+1 = (−1)𝑛+1 = =
(2(𝑛 + 1) + 1)! (2𝑛 + 2 + 1)! (2𝑛 + 3)!

(−1)𝑛 (−1)(𝑛!)2 (𝑛 + 1)2

(2𝑛 + 3)!
𝐿 = lim
𝑥→∞ (−1)𝑛 (𝑛!)2
(2𝑛 + 1)!
(−1)(𝑛 + 1)2 (2𝑛 + 1)!
𝐿 = lim
𝑥→∞ (2𝑛 + 3)!
(𝑛 + 1)2
𝐿 = lim −
𝑥→∞ 2(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 3)
(𝑛 + 1)
𝐿 = lim −
𝑥→∞ 2(2𝑛 + 3)
𝑛+1
𝐿 = lim −
𝑥→∞ 4𝑛 + 6
𝑛 1
+
𝐿 = lim − 𝑛 𝑛
𝑥→∞ 4𝑛 6
𝑛 +𝑛
1+0
𝐿=−
4+0
1
𝐿=−
4
𝑆𝑖 𝐿 < 1 → 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒
7. .
∞
(2𝑥 − 2)𝑛
∑
𝑛=1
5𝑛 √𝑛
(2𝑥 − 2)𝑛
𝑎𝑛 =
5𝑛 √𝑛
(2𝑥 − 2) 𝑛+1 (2𝑥 − 2)𝑛 (2𝑥 − 2)
𝑎𝑛+1 = =
5𝑛+1 √𝑛 + 1 5𝑛 5√𝑛 + 1
𝑛
(2𝑥 − 2) (2𝑥 − 2)
5𝑛 5√𝑛 + 1
𝐿 = lim | |
𝑥→∞ (2𝑥 − 2)𝑛
5𝑛 √𝑛
(2𝑥 − 2)√𝑛
𝐿 = lim | |
𝑥→∞ 5√𝑛 + 1
2𝑥 − 2 √𝑛
𝐿=| | lim | |
5 𝑥→∞ √𝑛 + 1

𝑛
|2(𝑥 − 1)| √
𝑛
𝐿= lim || ||
5 𝑥→∞ 𝑛 1
√ +
𝑛 𝑛
|2(𝑥 − 1)| √1
𝐿= lim | |
5 𝑥→∞ √1 + 0
|2(𝑥 − 1)| 1
𝐿= lim | |
5 𝑥→∞ 1
|2(𝑥 − 1)|
𝐿= (1)
5
|2(𝑥 − 1)|
𝐿=
5

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑒𝑛:
|2(𝑥 − 1)|
<1
5
|2(𝑥 − 1)| < 5
5
|𝑥 − 1| <
2
5
𝐿𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑒𝑠
2
5
|𝑥 − 1| <
2
5 5
− <𝑥−1≤
2 2
5 5
− +1< 𝑥 ≤ +1
2 2
3 7
− <𝑥≤
2 2
3 5
𝐸𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑒𝑠 (− , ]
2 2
8. .
∞
2𝑛 (𝑥 + 2)𝑛
∑
𝑛2
𝑛=1
2𝑛 (𝑥 + 2)𝑛
𝑎𝑛 =
𝑛2
𝑛+1 (𝑥
2 + 2)𝑛+1 2𝑛 2(𝑥 + 2)𝑛 (𝑥 + 2)
𝑎𝑛+1 = =
(𝑛 + 1)2 (𝑛 + 1)2

2𝑛 2(𝑥 + 2)𝑛 (𝑥 + 2)
(𝑛 + 1)2
𝐿 = lim | |
𝑥→∞ 2𝑛 (𝑥 + 2)𝑛
𝑛2
2(2𝑥 − 2)𝑛2
𝐿 = lim | |
𝑥→∞ (𝑛 + 1)2
𝑛2
𝐿 = |2(2𝑥 − 2)| lim | |
𝑥→∞ (𝑛 + 1)2
𝑛2
𝐿 = |4(𝑥 − 1)| lim | 𝑛2 |
𝑥→∞ 𝑛 1 2
( 2 + 2)
𝑛 𝑛
1
𝐿 = |4(𝑥 − 1)| | |
(1 + 0)2
𝐿 = |4(𝑥 − 1)|(1)
𝐿 = |4(𝑥 − 1)|

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒 𝑒𝑛:

|4(𝑥 − 1)| < 1

1
|𝑥 − 1| <
4

1
𝐿𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑒𝑠
4

1
|𝑥 − 1| <
4
1 1
− <𝑥−1≤
4 4
1 1
− +1< 𝑥 ≤ +1
4 4
3 5
− <𝑥≤
4 4

3 5
𝐸𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑒𝑠 (− , ]
4 4