 Cálculos Y Tablas

Datos Experimentales
# Lectura HCL (ml) T (K)
1 0 299.15
2 2 301.15
3 4 303.15
4 6 304.15
5 8 305.15
6 10 307.15
7 12 307.15
8 14 307.15

𝑉𝑖 ∙ 𝜌𝑖 ∙ 𝑉𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑧𝑎
𝜂𝑖° =
𝑃𝑀𝑖

°
25𝑚𝑙 ∙ 1.193𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ∙ 0.37𝑚𝑙
𝜂𝐻𝐶𝐿 = = 0.3058 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
36𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

°
1.1089𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 ∙ 30𝑚𝑙
𝜂𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 = = 0.8317 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
40𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

Moles que no reaccionan

𝑉𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 ∙ 𝑁𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝜂𝐻𝐶𝐿 = 𝑉
𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑜𝑡𝑎(𝐻𝐶𝐿) 𝑇 𝐻𝐶𝐿(𝑎𝑔𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑑𝑜)

7𝑥10 − 4𝑚𝑙 ∙ 1𝑚𝑙 ∙ 55𝑥10 − 3𝐿

𝜂𝐻𝐶𝐿 = = 0.0385 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠
1𝑥10 − 5𝑔/𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝜀 = 0.3058 − 0.0385 = 0.2673 𝑚𝑜𝑙

 a) Calcular la entalpia de los reactantes desde T inicial hasta T=25°C

298 298
∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐 = 𝜂𝐻𝐶𝐿 ∫ 𝐶𝑝𝐻𝐶𝐿 𝑑𝑇 + 𝜂𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 ∫ 𝐶𝑝𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑑𝑇
𝑇 𝑇

298 298
0.042216
∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐 = 0.3853 ∫ (29.2206)𝑑𝑇 + 0.8317 ∫ (88.34725 − 2.495103 𝑇 − 3.013028 𝑇 2 + 0.08626 𝑇 3 + )𝑑𝑇
𝑇 𝑇 𝑇2

298 298 298 298 298 298

𝑑𝑇
∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐 = 0.3853(29.2206) ∫ 𝑑𝑇 + 0.8317 [88.34725 ∫ −2.495103 ∫ 𝑇 𝑑𝑇 − 3.013028 ∫ 𝑇 2 𝑑𝑇 + 0.08626 ∫ 𝑇 3 𝑑𝑇 + 0.042216 ∫ ]
𝑇 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇 𝑇2

2.495103 3.013028 0.08626 1 1

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐 = 0.3853(29.2206)(298 − 𝑇) + 0.8317 [(88.34725)(298 − 𝑇) − (2982 − 𝑇 2 ) − (2983 − 𝑇 3 ) + (2984 − 𝑇 4 ) − 0.042216 − )]
2 3 4 298 𝑇

𝑇1 = 299.15 𝐾
2.495103 3.013028 0.08626 1 1
∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,1 = 0.3853(29.2206)(298 − 𝑇) + 0.8317 [(88.34725)(298 − 𝑇) − (2982 − 𝑇 2 ) − (2983 − 𝑇 3 ) + (2984 − 𝑇 4 ) − 0.042216 − )]
2 3 4 298 𝑇

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,1 = −21702835.595

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,2 = −60050038.058879

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,3 = −99171977.030275

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,4 = −119026709.05983

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,5 = −139079017.44947

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,6 = −179781593.12907

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,7 = −179781593.12907

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,8 = −179781593.12907
 b) Llevar a cabo la reacción a 25°C

𝛥𝐻𝑅° 𝑇 298 = ∑(𝜂 ∙ 𝐻𝑓° ) − ∑(𝜂 ∙ 𝐻𝑓° )

𝑝 𝑛

𝛥𝐻𝑅° 𝑇 298 = [0.2873 𝑚𝑜𝑙(−6.83158) + 0.2673(−97.302)] − [(0.3058)(−40.023) + 0.8317(−112.236)]

𝛥𝐻𝑅° 𝑇 298 = 640485.7774

c) Calentar los productos desde 25°C hasta T final

𝑇
∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑 = ∑ 𝜂𝑖 ∫ 𝐶𝑝𝑖 𝑑𝑇
293

𝑇 𝑇
∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑 = 0.2673 ∫ 75.312 𝑑𝑇 + 0.2673 ∫ 241.59096 𝑑𝑇
293 293

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑 = 0.2673(75.312)(𝑇 − 298) + 0.2673(241.59096)(𝑇 − 298)

𝑇1 = 299.15 K

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,1 = 0.2673(75.312)(299.15 − 298) + 0.2673(241.59096)(299.15 − 298) = 97.4143

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,2 = 266.8307

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,3 = 436.2470

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,4 = 520.9552

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,5 = 605.6633

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,6 = 775.0796

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,7 = 775.0796

∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑,8 = 775.0796
 d) Calcular la entalpía de reacción a la T final

°
∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐 = ∆𝐻𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑 + 𝛥𝐻𝑅 𝑇 298 − ∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐
°

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,1 = 97.4143 + 640485.7774 − (−21702835.5959)

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,1 = 22343418.7878

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,2 = 60690790.667021

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,3 = 99812899.054739

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,4 = 119667715.79246

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,5 = 139720108.89026

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,6 = 180422853.98618

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,7 = 180422853.98618

∆𝐻𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑐,8 = 180422853.98618

Determinación de la constante de equilibrio teórica y experimental

𝛥𝐻𝑅° 1 1
ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞 ) = − ( − )
𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

22343418.7878 1 1
ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞 ) = − ( − )
8.314 299.15 301.15

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,1 ) = 0.00000000
 ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,2 ) = −162.05815723625

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,3 ) = −263.00633246391

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,4 ) = −156.10671606265

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,5 ) = −181.07049972221

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,6 ) = −463.07104894917

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,7 ) = 0.00000000000

ln(𝑘𝑒𝑞,8 ) = 0.0000000000

𝑘 = 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑘 𝑒𝑞

𝑘1 = 𝑒𝑥𝑝0.000000
𝑘1 = 1.0000000
𝑘2 = 4.1594562904793𝑥10 − 71
𝑘3 = 5.9951645166037𝑥10 − 115
𝑘4 = 1.5985073074434𝑥10 − 68
𝑘5 = 2.301871814443𝑥10 − 79
𝑘6 = 7.7767602847819𝑥 − 202
𝑘7 = 1.0000000
𝑘8 = 1.0000000