English File Fourth Edition Intermediate Grammar Bank
English File Fourth Edition Intermediate Grammar Bank
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form, Present Simple b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit dem Present Simple
(einfache Gegenwart) oder Present Continuous (einfache Gegenwart) oder Present Continuous
(Verlaufsform der Gegenwart). (Verlaufsform der Gegenwart) der Verben in Klammern.
I don't believe / I’m not believing that you cooked We don’t go to Chinese restaurants very often. (not go)
this meal yourself. 1 I high cholesterol so I never
1 Come on, let’s order. The waiter comes / is coming. fried food. (have, eat)
2 Kate doesn’t want / isn’t wanting to have dinner now. 2 you any vitamins at the moment? (take)
She isn’t hungry. 3 Don’t eat the spinach if you it. (not like)
3 The head chef is ill, so he doesn’t work / isn’t working 4 your boyfriend how to cook fish? (know)
today.
5 We takeaway pizzas once a week. (order)
4 The bill seems / is seeming very expensive to me.
6 What your mother ? It
5 We’ve had an argument and now we don’t speak /
delicious! (make, smell)
aren’t speaking to each other.
7 You look sad. What you about? (think)
6 My mum thinks / is thinking my diet is awful these days.
8 I the diet in my country
7 Do we need / Are we needing to go shopping today?
worse. (think, get)
8 Can I call you back? I have / I’m having lunch right now.
9 How often you seafood? (have)
9 I didn’t use to like oily fish, but now I love / I’m loving it!
10 I usually red meat. (not cook)
10 Your cake is wonderful! It tastes / is tasting like one
my mother used to make. ➜ SB S. 8 1
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1B GRAMMATIK
Vorhersagen 1.17
Barcelona are going to win. They’re playing really well.
Look at those black clouds. I think it’s going to rain.
• going to (NICHT will / won’t) wird verwendet, wenn etwas bereits
beschlossen ist. NICHT My sister will adopt a child.
• going to wird auch für Vorhersagen für die Zukunft verwendet, vor
allem, wenn es bereits Anzeichen gibt (z. B. we can see black clouds). Sofortige Entscheidungen, Versprechen, 1.19
Angebote, Vorhersagen, zukünftige Tatsachen,
Present Continuous (Verlaufsform der Gegenwart): be + Verb + -ing Vorschläge
1 I’ll have the steak. (sofortige Entscheidung)
Etwas, das für die Zukunft geplant ist 1.18 I won’t tell anybody where you are. (Versprechen)
Lorna and Jamie are getting married in October. I’ll carry that bag for you. (Angebot)
We’re meeting at 10.00 tomorrow in Richard’s office. You’ll love New York! (Vorhersage)
Jane’s leaving on Friday and coming back next Tuesday. Next year Christmas Day will be on a Thursday.
(zukünftige Tatsache)
• Das Present Continuous (Verlaufsform der Gegenwart) wird oft für
etwas verwendet, das für die Zukunft geplant ist. 2 Shall I help you with your homework? (Angebot)
Shall we eat out tonight? (Vorschlag)
• Der Unterschied zwischen dem Present Continuous (Verlaufsform der
Gegenwart) und be going to für Zukunftspläne ist gering; oft kann 1 Für sofortige Entscheidungen, Versprechen und
beides verwendet werden. Angebote verwendet man will / won’t und NICHT
– be going to zeigt an, dass man eine Entscheidung getroffen hat. das Present Simple (einfache Gegenwart). NICHT
We’re going to get married next year. I carry that bag for you.
– Mit dem Present Continuous (Verlaufsform der Gegenwart) wird • will / won’t kann auch für Vorhersagen verwendet
betont, dass etwas bereits organisiert ist. werden, z. B. I think Barcelona will win, sowie für
We’re getting married on October 12th. (= wir haben die Kirche reserviert) Tatsachen in der Zukunft, z. B. The election will
• Das Present Continuous (Verlaufsform der Gegenwart) wird oft mit be on 1st March.
Verben verwendet, die sich auf Reisen und Fortbewegung beziehen, 2 shall (NICHT will) wird für Angebote und
z. B. go, come, arrive, leave etc. Vorschläge mit I und we verwendet, wenn es sich
He’s arriving tomorrow and leaving on Thursday. um Fragen handelt.
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form. Wenn beide b Ergänzen Sie die Antworten von B mit der richtigen
möglich sind, versehen Sie den Satz mit einem Zukunftsform.
Haken (✓). A What’s your mother going to do about her car?
The exam will be / is being on the last Friday of term. B She’s going to buy a second-hand one. (buy)
1 Will / Shall we invite your parents for Sunday lunch? 1 A I’m going to miss you. Please stay in touch.
2 A It’s Alice’s birthday tomorrow. B I promise I every day. (phone)
B Oh, really? I ’m making / ’ll make a cake. 2 A What are Alan’s plans for the future?
B He a degree in engineering. (do)
3 I ’m not having / ’m not going to have dinner with
my family tonight. 3 A Can I see you tonight?
B No, I late. Maybe Saturday? (work)
4 Are you going to go / Will you go to Jo’s party
4 A Are you ready to order?
next weekend?
B Yes, I the prawns, please. (have)
5 You can trust me. I ’m not telling / won’t tell
5 A There’s nothing in the fridge.
anyone what you told me.
B OK. we a takeaway? (get)
6 A What are you doing on Sunday? 6 A I don’t have any money, so I can’t go out.
B We ’re visiting / ’ll visit my grandparents. B No problem, I you some. (lend)
7 I think the birth rate will go down / is going down 7 A Shall we have a barbecue tomorrow?
in my country in the next few years. B No, the weather forecast says it . (rain)
8 My grandfather is going to retire / retiring at the 8 A We land at about 8.00.
end of the month. B I you up from the airport? (pick)
9 Shall / Will I help you with the washing-up? ➜ SB S. 11
a Ergänzen Sie die Gespräche mit der Present Perfect-Form b Sind die fettgedruckten Sätze richtig
des Verbs in Klammern und einem Adverb aus der Liste. Die oder falsch? Markieren Sie sie mit einem
Adverbien können mehrmals verwendet werden. Haken (✓) oder (✗). Korrigieren Sie die
falschen Sätze.
already ever just never yet
I’ve never been in debt. (✓)
A Why are you smiling? B I’ve just found a €50 note! (find) How much has your new camera cost? (✗)
1 A you a flight online? (book) How much did your new camera cost?
B Yes, of course. I’ve done it loads of times. 1 Dean has just inherited €5,000 from a
2 A When are you going to buy a motorbike? relative.
B Soon. I nearly €1,000. (save) 2 Did your sister pay you back yet?
3 A you the phone bill ? (pay) 3 We booked our holiday online a month
B No, sorry. I forgot. ago.
4 A your parents you money? (lend) 4 When have you bought that leather
B Yes, but I paid it back as soon as I could. jacket?
5 A How does eBay work? 5 They’ve finished paying back the loan last
B I don’t know. I it. (use) month.
6 A What are you celebrating? 6 We haven’t paid the gas bill yet.
B We the lottery! (win) 7 Have you ever wasted a lot of money on
something?
7 A Why haven’t you got any money?
8 I’m sure I haven’t borrowed any money
B I my salary. I bought a new
from you last week.
phone last week. (spend)
9 I spent my salary really quickly last month.
8 A Would you like a coffee?
10 Have you seen the Batman film on TV
B No, thanks. I one. (have)
yesterday?
➜ SB S. 18 3
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2B GRAMMATIK
a Schreiben Sie Sätze im Present Perfect Continuous c Bilden Sie Sätze im Present Perfect (vollendete
(Verlaufsform der vollendeten Gegenwart). Gegenwart) (mit for / since, falls notwendig).
How long / you / work here? Wenn möglich, verwenden Sie die Verlaufsform.
How long have you been working here? I / work for a charity / eight years
1 She / study English for three years. I’ve been working for a charity for eight years.
2 How long / they / watching TV? 1 we / know each other / we were children
3 It / rain / since lunchtime. 2 the children / play computer games / two hours
4 I / not live / here for very long. 3 your sister / have that hairstyle / a long time?
5 How long / you / learn to drive? 4 I / love her / the first day we met
5 my internet connection / not work / yesterday
b Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form. Setzen Sie einen
6 how long / you / wait?
Haken (✓), wenn beides möglich ist.
7 I / be a teacher / three years
Harry is / has been unemployed since last year. 8 it / snow / 5.00 this morning
1 We’ve had our new flat for / since six months. 9 Sam / not study enough recently
2 Hi Jackie! How are you? I haven’t seen / haven’t been 10 you / live in London / a long time?
seeing you for ages! ➜ SB S. 21
3 How long have you known / do you know your husband?
4 I’ve worked / been working as a teacher for five years.
5 I’m exhausted! I’m cleaning / I’ve been cleaning the
Die Grammatik für jede Lektion finden Sie online 4
kitchen for two hours.
© Copyright Oxford University Press
3A GRAMMATIK
a Fügen Sie die Steigerung oder den Superlativ des b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit einem Wort.
fettgedruckten Wortes ein (und than, falls notwendig). Going by motorboat is more exciting than travelling
What’s the fastest way to get across London? fast by ferry.
1 I think skiing is horse-riding. easy 1 A coach isn’t as comfortable a train.
2 This is train I’ve ever been on. hot 2 It’s most expensive car we’ve ever bought.
3 A motorbike is a scooter. powerful 3 The traffic was worse we expected.
4 I drive my partner. slowly 4 This is the longest journey I’ve been on.
5 time to travel is on holiday 5 He gets home late, but his wife arrives later
weekends. bad than .
6 I’ve ever driven is from London to 6 The interesting place I’ve ever visited is
Edinburgh. far Venice.
7 The London Underground is the 7 I leave home at the same time my brother.
subway in New York. old 8 He drives carefully than his girlfriend –
8 I think that travelling by train is form he’s never had an accident.
of transport. relaxing 9 We don’t go abroad often as we used to.
9 Of all my family, my mum is driver. 10 What’s the longest motorway the UK?
good ➜ SB S. 28 5
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3B GRAMMATIK
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form. b Ergänzen Sie mit a / an, the oder – (kein Artikel).
I love weddings / the weddings! A What does the guidebook say about Pizzeria Marco?
1 Jess is nurse / a nurse in a hospital. A B It says that it’s a great restaurant.
hospital / The hospital is a long way from 1 A How often do you go to gym?
her house. B About three times week. But I never go on
2 What a horrible day / horrible day! We’ll Fridays.
have to eat our picnic in the car / a car. 2 A What time does train leave?
3 My wife likes love stories / the love stories, B In 40 minutes. Can you drop me off at station on your
but I prefer the war films / war films. way to work?
4 We go to theatre / the theatre about once 3 A What amazing dress!
a month / once the month. B Thanks. I bought it in sales last month.
5 I’m having dinner / the dinner with some 4 A What’s most interesting place to visit in your town?
friends the next Friday / next Friday. B Probably castle. It’s oldest building.
6 My boyfriend is chef / a chef. I think he’s 5 A What shall we do next weekend?
the best cook / best cook in the world. B Let’s invite Toni for lunch. We could eat in garden.
7 I’m not sure if I closed the windows / 6 A Do you like cats?
windows before I left the home / home this B Not really. I prefer dogs. I think they’re best pets.
morning. 7 A Is your mum housewife?
8 In general, I like dogs / the dogs, but I B No, she’s teacher. She’s always tired when she finishes
don’t like dogs / the dogs that live next work.
door to me. 8 A Have you ever had problem in your relationship?
9 I got to the school / school late every day B Yes, but we solved problem and we got married.
the last week / last week. 9 A When is meeting?
10 I think happiness / the happiness is more B They’ve changed date. It’s on Tuesday now.
important than money / the money. ➜ SB S. 31
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form. Wenn beide b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit der richtigen Form des
möglich sind, setzen Sie einen Haken (✓). Verbs in Klammern.
You don’t have to / mustn’t use your phone in quiet If the line’s engaged, you’ll have to call back later.
zones. (have to)
1 Do you think we should / ought to text Dad to tell him 1 do a lot of homework when you
we’ll be late? were at school? (you / have to)
2 You don’t have to / mustn’t send text messages when 2 take my tablet out of my bag at
you are driving. Security? (I / must)
3 A pilot has to / must wear a uniform when he’s at work. 3 My sister is a nurse, so some weeks
4 You should / must go to the Uffizi when you’re in work nights. (she / have to)
Florence. 4 ever have an operation?
5 I have to / must speak to my phone company. My last (you / have to)
bill was wrong. 5 Saturdays are the best day of the week. I love
6 We don’t have to / mustn’t hurry. We have plenty of get up early. (not have to)
time. 6 I don’t think wear boots inside their
7 When I was at school we had to / must wear a horrible house. (we / should)
uniform. 7 The exhibition was free, so I pay.
8 You shouldn’t / don’t have to walk on the grass. (not have to)
They’ve just planted flowers there. ➜ SB S. 37
7
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4B GRAMMATIK
Our daughter could play the violin when she was three. 1 be able to + Infinitiv wird für Fähigkeiten und
Möglichkeiten verwendet, vor allem wenn
I can speak three languages fluently. 4.13
es die Form von can nicht gibt, z. B. Present
Jenny can’t come tonight. She’s ill. Perfect (vollendete Gegenwart), Infinitiv, Gerund
Our daughter could play the violin when she was three. (Verlaufsform), Zukunft etc.
They couldn’t wait because they were in a hurry.
2 Manchmal wird be able to in der Gegenwart und
• can ist ein Modalverb. Es existiert nur in der Gegenwart (kann für eine in der Vergangenheit verwendet (statt can /
zukünftige Bedeutung verwendet werden) und in der Vergangenheit could), normalerweise, wenn es formeller sein
oder im Konditional (could). soll.
• Für alle anderen Zeiten und Formen wird be able to + Infinitiv verwendet.
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form. Wenn b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit der richtigen Form von be able
beide möglich sind, setzen Sie einen to ( + , – , oder ? ).
Hake (✓).
I’ve always wanted to can / be able to
dance salsa.
1 My little boy couldn’t / wasn’t able to
speak until he was nearly two years old.
2 She’s much better after her operation.
She’ll can / be able to walk again soon.
3 He hasn’t could / been able to mend my
bike yet. He’ll do it tomorrow.
4 It’s the weekend at last! I love can / being I’ve never been able to scuba dive.
able to go out with my friends. 1 Her mobile has been switched off all morning, so I
5 When we lived on the coast, we used to talk to her yet.
can / be able to go to the beach every day. 2 I don’t like noisy bars. I like have a
6 I can’t / ’m not able to send any emails at conversation without shouting.
the moment. My computer isn’t working. 3 I leave home when I get a job.
7 I could / was able to read before I started 4 We’re having a party next Saturday. you
school. come?
8 We won’t can / be able to go on holiday 5 You need swim before you can go in a canoe.
this year because we need a new car. 6 I can speak five languages. I hate
9 Linda’s pleased because she’s finally could communicate with people in their own language.
/ been able to find a part-time job. 7 Fortunately, firefighters rescue everybody
10 Alex can / is able to speak Portuguese from the burning house.
fluently after living in Lisbon for ten years. 8 I’m very sorry, but we come to your wedding
next month. We’ll be on holiday.
9 You’re looking worse. you contact
the doctor yet?
10 The manager see you right now because she’s
in a meeting.
➜ SB S. 40
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form. b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit dem Past Simple (einfache
When the teacher collected the exam papers he saw Vergangenheit), Past Continuous (Verlaufsform der
that Robbie cheated / had cheated. Vergangenheit) oder Past Perfect (Plusquamperfekt).
1 They didn’t play well in the match although they The marathon runner was sweating when she crossed
were training / had trained every evening. the finish line. (sweat, cross)
2 Mike had an accident as he cycled / was cycling to 1 The accident when they
work. home. (happen, drive)
3 I left work early because I wanted / was wanting to 2 The crowd when the referee
watch the match. the final whistle. (cheer, blow)
4 There was a lot of traffic, and when we arrived, the 3 I Jane at first because she
match already started / had already started. so much. (not recognize, change)
5 The captain didn’t score / hadn’t scored any goals 4 The police my sister on the motorway
when the referee sent him off. because she a seat belt. (stop, not wear)
6 My son got injured while he played / was playing 5 Some of the players while the coach
basketball last Saturday. to them. (not listen, talk)
7 When the snowstorm started, we stopped / had 6 We use the ski slope because it
stopped skiing and went back to the hotel. enough. (not can, not snow)
8 England didn’t lose / hadn’t lost any of their previous 7 They play tennis because they
games when they played in the quarter-finals. a court. (not able to, not book)
9 The referee suspended the match because it was 8 The player a yellow card because
raining / rained so hard. he his shirt after scoring a goal.
(get, take off) ➜ SB S. 48 9
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5B GRAMMATIK
a Sind die markierten Verbformen richtig b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit used to + Infinitiv oder usually
(✓) oder falsch (✗)? Korrigieren Sie die + Present Simple (einfache Gegenwart) ( + , – , oder ? ) und
falschen. einem Verb aus der Liste.
When I was a teenager I use to have very
short hair. ✗ used to have argue be eat eat out get on
go
have
play speak watch work
1 I didn’t used to like my maths teacher when
I was at school. My brother didn’t use to eat vegetables, but now he loves them.
2 Do you usually tell close friends about your 1 We a lot in common, but now we’re
problems? completely different.
3 My sister never didn’t use to want children, 2 We to bed early during the week because we
but now she’s got four! have to get up at 6.00 a.m.
4 How used you to keep in touch in the days 3 I TV on my phone, but now I often do.
before the internet?
4 you football on Sunday mornings? Could
5 They used to go on holiday together every I join you next weekend?
winter because they all love skiing.
5 They love sushi so they in Japanese restaurants.
6 That couple have three kids, so they don’t
6 Where your husband before he got the
usually go out at night.
job in the bank?
7 Did your parents use to meet each other at
7 My sister has lost a lot of weight. She never so slim.
university?
8 you a lot with your parents when you
8 My husband use to work for a bank, but
were a teenager?
now he’s unemployed.
9 Laura really well with her flatmates, but they
9 We love the theatre. Nowadays, we use to
occasionally argue about housework.
go to a play at least once a month.
10 My ex-boyfriend to me, but now he
calls me quite often. ➜ SB S. 51
a Umkreisen Sie die richtige Form, Aktiv oder b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze so mit dem Passiv, dass die
Passiv. Bedeutung gleicht bleibt. Verwenden Sie by nur,
The college built / was built in the 16th century. wenn es notwendig ist.
1 The costumes for the show are making / are being People don’t use this room very often. This room
made by hand. isn’t used very often.
2 The story inspired / was inspired him to make a film. 1 They subtitle a lot of foreign films.
3 This castle hasn’t inhabited / hasn’t been inhabited for A lot of foreign films .
nearly a century. 2 García Márquez wrote Love in the Time of Cholera in
4 His latest film set / is set in France in the 1960s. 1985.
5 The film will shoot / will be shot in the autumn. Love in the Time of Cholera in 1985.
6 The actors aren’t recording / aren’t being recorded 3 Someone is repairing my laptop at the moment.
the dialogue until next week. My laptop at the moment.
7 The house wasn’t using / wasn’t being used by the 4 They haven’t released the DVD of the film yet.
owners during the winter. The DVD of the film .
8 The make-up artist has transformed / has been 5 They won’t finish the film until the spring.
transformed the actor into a monster. The film until the spring.
9 They hadn’t owned / hadn’t been owned the company 6 You have to collect the tickets from the box office.
for very long before they went bankrupt.
The tickets from the box office.
10 The photo took / was taken by my husband on the
7 They hadn’t told the actor about the changes in the
balcony of our hotel.
script.
The actor about the changes in the
script.
8 Damien Chazelle directed La La Land.
La La Land .
9 They’ve already recorded the soundtrack.
The soundtrack .
10 They were interviewing the director about the film.
The director about the film.
➜ SB S. 57
11
© Copyright Oxford University Press
6B GRAMMATIK
a Paaren Sie die Sätze. b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit must, might (not), oder can’t.
He might be American. D A What does Pete’s new girlfriend do?
1 He can’t be a university student. B I’m not sure, but she might be a doctor. I think she works at
2 He must be cold. the hospital.
3 He might be going to the gym. 1 A Do you know anyone who drives a Ferrari?
4 He could be lost. B Yes, my nephew. I don’t know his salary, but he
earn a fortune!
5 He must be married.
2 A Why don’t you buy this dress for your mum?
6 He must be a tourist.
B I’m not sure. She like it. It’s a bit short for her.
7 He can’t be enjoying the party.
3 A My sister works as an interpreter for the EU.
8 He may not have a job. B She speak a lot of languages to work there.
9 He can’t be a businessman. 4 A Did you know that Andy’s parents have split up?
A He’s carrying a sports bag. B Poor Andy. He be very happy about that.
B He’s carrying a camera and a guide book. 5 A Are your neighbours away? All the curtains are closed.
C He’s looking at a map. B I’m not sure. I suppose they be on holiday.
D He’s wearing a baseball cap. 6 A Where’s your colleague today?
E He’s looking at job adverts in the B She be ill. She called to say that she was going to
newspaper. the doctor’s.
F He isn’t talking to anybody. 7 A I’m looking forward to seeing Jane! I haven’t seen her for years.
B You recognize her – she’s lost a lot of weight.
G He isn’t wearing a suit.
8 A My daughter has failed all her exams again.
H He’s wearing a wedding ring.
B She be working very hard.
I He’s wearing school uniform.
9 A Why is Tina so happy?
J It’s freezing and he isn’t wearing a jumper. B I’m not sure, but she have a new partner.
10 A Where does your boss live?
B I don’t know, but he live near the office because
he commutes every day by train.
➜ SB S. 61
First Conditional (Konditionalsatz Typ 1) und Nebensätze in der Zukunft + when, until etc.
Sätze im First Conditional (Konditionalsatz Typ 1): if • Sätze im First Conditional (Konditionalsatz Typ 1) werden für
+ Present Simple (einfache Gegenwart), will / won’t + eine mögliche / wahrscheinliche zukünftige Situation und
Infinitiv ihre Folgen verwendet.
1 Nach dem if in First Conditional-Sätzen (Konditionalsatz
1 If you work hard, you’ll pass your exams. 7.13 Typ 1) wird die Gegenwart (NICHT die Zukunft) verwendet.
The teacher won’t be very pleased if we’re late for class. NICHT If you’ll work hard, you’ll pass all your exams.
2 Come and see us next week if you have time. 2 Statt dem Nebensatz mit will kann auch die Befehlsform
3 Alison won’t get into university unless she gets good grades. verwendet werden.
I won’t go unless you go too. 3 Statt if...not kann in Konditionalsätzen unless + Present
Simple (einfache Gegenwart) + verwendet werden.
The teacher Vergleichen Sie: Alison won’t get into university if she
won’t be very
pleased if we’re doesn’t get good grades.
late for class.
Nebensätze in der Zukunft
We’ll have dinner when your father gets home. 7.14
As soon as you get your exam results, call me.
I won’t go to bed until you come home.
I’ll have a quick lunch before I leave.
After I finish university, I’ll probably take a year off and travel.
• Nach when, as soon as, until, before und after wird die
Gegenwart (NICHT die Zukunft) verwendet, um über die
Zukunft zu sprechen.
a Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit dem Present Simple b Umkreisen Sie das richtige Wort bzw. den
(einfache Gegenwart) der der Zukunft mit will und richtigen Ausdruck.
den Verben in Klammern. I won’t go to university if / unless I don’t get good
If I fail my exams, I’ll take them again next year. (take) results.
1 That girl into trouble if she doesn’t 1 Don’t turn over the exam paper after / until the
wear her uniform. (get) teacher tells you to.
2 If you give in your homework late, the teacher 2 Please check the water’s not too hot before / after the
it. (not mark) kids get in the bath.
3 Don’t write anything unless you 3 Your parents will be really happy when / unless they
sure of the answer. (be) hear your good news.
4 Gary will be expelled if his behaviour 4 I’ll look for a job in September before / after I come
. (not improve) back from holiday.
5 They’ll be late for school unless they 5 The schools will close unless / until it stops snowing
. (hurry) soon.
6 Ask me if you what to do. (not 6 The job is very urgent, so please do it after / as soon
know) as you can.
7 Johnny will be punished if he at the 7 We’ll stay in the library as soon as / until it closes.
teacher again. (shout) Then we’ll go home.
8 My sister university this year if she 8 Harry will probably learn to drive when / until he’s 18.
passes all her exams. (finish) 9 You won’t be able to speak to the head teacher unless
9 I tonight unless I finish my / if you make an appointment.
homework quickly. (not go out) 10 Give Mummy a kiss before / after she goes to work.
10 Call me if you some help with your ➜ SB S. 68
project. (need)
13
© Copyright Oxford University Press
7B GRAMMATIK
a Schreiben Sie Sätze und Fragen im Second b First oder Second Conditional (Konditionalsatz 1
Conditional (Konditionalsatz Typ 2). oder 2)? Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit der richtigen
I wouldn’t live with my parents if I didn’t have to. Form der Verben in Klammern.
(not live, not have to) I’ll stay with my sister if I have to go to London for my
Would you have a dog if you didn’t live in a flat? job interview. (stay)
(have, not live) I’d buy my own flat if I had enough money. (have)
1 Nick commute every day if he 1 My kids earlier if they didn’t go to
from home. (not have to, work) bed so late. (get up)
2 If they such a noisy dog, they 2 Where you if you go to
better with their neighbours. (not university? (live)
have, get on) 3 If you your exams, what will you do?
3 I that bike if I you (not pass)
– it’s too expensive. (not buy, be) 4 I’d buy a bigger house if I sure we
4 we our house if somebody could afford it. (be)
us enough money? (sell, offer) 5 We couldn’t have a dog if we a
5 If my mother-in-law with us, we garden. (not have)
divorced. (live, get) 6 How will you get to work if you your
6 you a flat with car? (sell)
me if I half the rent? (share, pay) 7 If we sit in the shade, we sunburnt.
7 If my sister her room more often, it (not get)
such a mess. (tidy, not be) 8 If you could change one thing in your life, what
8 You me like this if you really it ? (be)
me. (not treat, love) 9 He won’t be able to pay next month’s rent if he
9 If we the kitchen white, a job soon. (not find)
it bigger? (paint, look) 10 If she made less noise, her neighbours
10 I a house with a garden if I so often. (not complain) ➜ SB S. 71
gardening so much. (not buy, not enjoy)
Die Grammatik für jede Lektion finden Sie online 14
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8A GRAMMATIK
Der Infinitiv mit to • Der Infinitiv ohne to wird für folgendes verwendet:
1 nach den meisten Modal- und Hilfsverben.
1 My flat is very easy to find. 8.7 2 nach make und let.
2 Liam is saving money to buy a new car.
3 My sister has never learned to drive. Verben, auf die das Gerund (Verlaufsform) oder der Infinitiv
Try not to make a noise. folgen kann, die aber eine andere Bedeutung haben
Try to be on time. (= bemühe Dich, pünktlich zu sein)
• Der Infinitiv + to wird nach folgendem verwendet: Try doing yoga. (= mach es, um zu sehen, ob es dir gefällt)
1 nach Adjektiven. Remember to phone him. (= vergiss es nicht)
2 um einen Grund oder Zweck auszudrücken. I remember meeting him years ago. (= ich kann mich daran
erinnern)
3 nach manchen Verben, z. B. want, need, learn.
a Umkreisen Sie die korrekte Form. b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit der korrekten Form des
I’m in charge of recruiting / to recruit new staff. Verbs aus der Liste.
1 It’s important for me spending / to spend time
with my family. not buy commute do leave lock not make retire
2 Applying / Apply to go to university abroad can set up wear not worry
be complicated.
I’d like to set up my own company.
3 I want to do / doing my shopping this morning.
1 My parents are planning before they are 65.
4 My boss wants open / to open a new office.
2 Rob spends three hours to work and back
5 Be careful not asking / not to ask her about her every day.
boyfriend – they’ve split up.
3 Mark and his wife agreed about the
6 We went on working / to work until we finished. problems he had at work.
7 Dave is very good at solving / to solve problems. 4 Did you remember the door?
8 The best thing about weekends is not going / 5 In the end I decided the shoes because
not to go to work. they were very expensive.
9 Layla gave up modelling / to model when she 6 The manager lets us work early on Fridays.
had a baby.
7 All employees must a jacket and tie at work.
10 I went on a training course to learning / to learn
8 Please try any more mistakes in the report.
about the new software.
9 I don’t mind overtime during the week.
➜ SB S. 77 15
© Copyright Oxford University Press
8B GRAMMATIK
a Ergänzen Sie die Sätze in der indirekten Rede. b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze in der indirekten Rede.
‘I’m in love with you.’ ‘Why did you break up?’
My boyfriend told me he was in love with me. My friend asked me why we had broken up.
1 ‘I’m selling all my books.’ 1 ‘When are you leaving?’
My friend Tim said . My parents asked me .
2 ‘I’ve booked the flights.’ 2 ‘Have you ever been married?’
Emma told me . She asked him .
3 ‘Your new dress doesn’t suit you.’ 3 ‘Will you be home early?’
My mother told me . Anna asked Robert .
4 ‘I may not be able to go to the party.’ 4 ‘Where do you usually buy your clothes?’
Matt said . My sister asked me .
5 ‘I won’t wear these shoes again.’ 5 ‘Did you wear a suit to the job interview?’
Jenny said . We asked him .
6 ‘I didn’t buy you a present.’ 6 ‘Do you ever go to the theatre?’
My brother told me . I asked Lisa .
7 ‘I can’t find anywhere to park.’ 7 ‘Can you help me?’
Luke told me . Sally asked the policeman .
➜ SB S. 80
b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit dem Third Conditional (Konditionalsatz Typ 3) mit der korrekten
Form der Verben in Klammern.
If Tom hadn’t gone to university, he wouldn’t have got a job with that company. (not go, not get)
1 If you me to the station, I my train. (not take, miss)
2 We the match if the referee us a penalty. (not win, not give)
3 You the weekend if you with us. (enjoy, come)
4 If I the theatre tickets online, they more expensive. (not buy, be)
5 Mike his wife’s birthday if she him. (forget, not remind)
6 If the police five minutes later, they the thief. (arrive, not catch)
7 If you me the money, I to go away for the weekend. (not lend, not be able)
8 That girl in the river if you her arm! (fall, not catch)
9 We the hotel if we the signpost. (not find, not seen)
10 If I about the job, I for it. (know, apply)
➜ SB S. 87
17
© Copyright Oxford University Press
9B GRAMMATIK
Unbestimmte Zahlwörter
Große Mengen Mehr oder weniger als man braucht oder will
1 My daughter has a lot of apps on her phone. 9.15 1 I don’t like this city. It’s too big and 9.17
Nina has lots of clothes. it’s too noisy.
I’ve been there loads of times. You’re speaking too quietly – I can’t hear you.
2 James eats a lot. 2 There’s too much traffic and too much noise.
3 There aren’t many cafés near here. There are too many tourists and too many cars.
Do you have many close friends? 3 There aren’t enough parks and there aren’t
Do you watch much TV? enough trees.
I don’t eat much chocolate. The buses aren’t frequent enough.
4 Don’t run. We have plenty of time. The buses don’t run frequently enough.
1 a lot of oder lots of wird in bejahenden + Sätzen verwendet. Auch 1 Man verwendet too + Adjektiv oder Adverb.
loads of kann verwendet werden, ist aber eher umgangssprachlich. 2 Man verwendet too much + nicht zählbare
2 Wenn es kein Substantiv gibt, wird a lot of verwendet. He talks a lot. Substantive und too many + zählbare
NICHT He talks a lot of. Substantive im Plural.
3 (not) enough wird vor einem Substantiv verwendet,
3 much / many kann normalerweise in verneinenden Sätzen – sund Fragen
z. B. (not) enough eggs / milk, und nach einem
? erwendet werden, aber a lot of kann ebenfalls verwendet werden.
Adjektiv, z. B. It isn’t big enough, oder nach einem
4 In bejahenden Sätzen + wird plenty of verwendet (= mehr als genug) Adverb, z. B. You aren’t walking fast enough.
1 A Do you want some more ice cream? 9.16 1 There isn’t any milk in the fridge. 9.18
B Just a little. We don’t have any eggs.
The town only has a few cinemas. 2 There’s no milk in the fridge. We have no eggs.
2 I’m so busy that I have very little time for myself. 3 A How many eggs do we have?
Sarah isn’t popular and she has very few friends. B None. I’ve used them all.
3 I have less free time than I used to have.
1 Für die Menge null wird any + ein nicht zählbares
There are fewer flights in the winter than in the summer.
Substantiv oder ein Substantiv im Plural mit
einem verneinenden – Verb verwendet.
1 Man verwendet little + nicht zählbare Substantive und few + zählbare
Substantive im Plural. 2 Mit einem bejahenden + erb wird no + ein nicht
zählbares Substantiv oder ein Substantiv im
• a little und a few = ein bisschen / einige, aber nicht sehr viel(e).
Plural verwendet..
2 very little und very few = nicht viel(e).
3 In Kurzantworten wird none (ohne Substantiv)
3 Die Steigerung von little ist less und die Steigerung von few ist fewer. verwendet.
a Umkreisen Sie das richtige Wort bzw. den b Sind die markierten Satzteile richtig (✓) der falsch (✗)?
richtigen Satzteil. Wenn beide möglich sind, Korrigieren Sie die falschen.
setzen Sie einen Haken (✓). My nephew got lots of video games for his birthday. ✓
My husband has too much / too many gadgets. I don’t post much photos online. many photos
1 I just have to reply to a few / a little emails. 1 ‘How many presents did you get?’ ‘A lot of!’
2 Do you spend much / many time on social media? 2 I buy fewer ebooks than I used to because I prefer physical
3 My bedroom is a nice size. There’s enough books.
room / plenty of room for a desk. 3 There isn’t no time to walk there. We’ll have to get a taxi.
4 I know very few / very little people who speak 4 Please turn that music down. It’s too much loud!
two foreign languages. 5 There aren’t many good programmes on TV tonight.
5 My brother has downloaded a lot of / lots of 6 My broadband isn’t enough fast for me to download films
apps onto his new phone. easily.
6 I have some cash on me, but not a lot / a lot of. 7 I get too much emails at work. It takes me ages to read
7 Their new TV is too / too much big. It hardly fits them all!
in the living room. 8 A How much fruit do we have? B Any. Can you buy some?
8 There aren’t any / There are no potatoes. I 9 There are only a little people that I can talk to about my
forgot to buy some. problems.
9 My niece isn’t old enough / enough old to play 10 Karen has plenty of money, so she always has the latest phone.
with a games console. ➜ SB S. 92
10 I don’t have a lot of / many close friends.
Die Grammatik für jede Lektion finden Sie online 18
© Copyright Oxford University Press
10A GRAMMATIK
a Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit who, which, where oder whose. b Sehen Sie sich die Sätze unter a an.
Minneapolis is the city where Prince was born. Markieren Sie die Sätze, bei denen man
1 Rob and Corinna, have twins, often need a that anstelle who / which verwenden
babysitter. könnte, mit einem Haken (✓). Umkreisen
2 Downing Street, the British Prime Minister lives, is Sie die Relativpronomen, die weggelassen
in central London. werden könnten.
3 The sandwich you made me for lunch was
delicious. c Fügen Sie ein Komma ein, wenn dies
4 The woman lived here before us was a writer. notwendig ist.
5 David Bowie, songs inspired us for nearly 50 Caroline, who lives next door to me, is
years, died in 2016. beautiful.
6 My computer is a lot faster than the one I used to 1 This is the place where John crashed his car.
have. 2 The castle that we visited yesterday was
7 The Mona Lisa, has been damaged several times, amazing.
is now displayed behind glass. 3 Beijing which is one of the world’s biggest
8 Look! That’s the woman dog bit me last week. cities has a population of over 25 million.
9 On our last holiday we visited Stratford-upon-Avon, 4 Adele’s 25 which was released in 2015 is one
Shakespeare was born. of the best-selling albums of the last ten years.
10 We all went to the match except Angela, doesn’t 5 These are the shoes which I’m wearing to the
like football. wedding tomorrow.
11 That man you saw at the party was my boyfriend! 6 Sally and Joe who got married last year are
12 That’s the park I learned to ride a bike. expecting their first baby.
➜ SB S. 97
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© Copyright Oxford University Press
10B GRAMMATIK
• Frageanhängsel (is he?, aren’t they?, do you?, did we? etc.) werden oft verwendet,
um zu bestätigen, dass etwas stimmt, das man bereits vermutet.
Your name’s Maria, isn’t it?
• Zur Bildung von Question Tags (Frageanhängseln) wird folgendes verwendet:
– das richtige Hilfsverb, z. B. be / do / have / will / would etc. in der richtigen Form,
z. B. do / don’t etc. für die Gegenwart, did / didn’t für die Vergangenheit und
will / won’t für die Zukunft.
– ein Pronomen, z. B. he, it, they etc.
– ein verneinendes Hilfsverb für einen bejahenden Satz und ein bejahendes
Hilfsverb für einen verneinenden Satz, oder mit never, z. B. You never do the
washing-up, do you?
b Ergänzen Sie die Sätze mit einem Question Tag (Frageanhängsel) (are you?, isn’t it? etc.).
Your name’s Jack, isn’t it?
1 Your brother works at the police station, ?
2 They don’t have any proof, ?
3 That man isn’t the murderer, ?
4 You were a witness to the crime, ?
5 The police have arrested someone, ?
6 The woman wasn’t dead, ?
7 That girl took your handbag, ?
8 He won’t go to prison, ?
9 You haven’t seen the suspect, ?
10 They couldn’t find enough evidence, ?
➜ SB S. 101