KONVERTER

Komponen % mol Laju alir mol

Propylen 0.06044 31.06061
Propane 0.93956 482.8857

Laju alir umpan 22551.515 kg/jam

Densitas propilen 1.326 kg/m3 STP
Densitas propan 3.046 kg/m3 STP
Spacetime 0.0022129878 jam
Jenis katalis kromium oksida
Diameter katalis 0.005 m
Densitas katalis 3390.22 kg/m3
Kondisi operasi
T 675 C 948 K
P 0.7 bar
Jenis reaktor Multitubular fixed bed reactor
Reaksi C3H8 → C3H6 + H2

Volume Reaktor
Densitas umpan = 1.4079722392 kg/m3
Laju alir volumetrik = 16017.0169005667 m3/jam
Volume reaktor = 35.4454636339 m3
Faktor keamanan 10 %
Volume total reaktor = 38.9900099972 m3
volume 1 reaktor 12.9966699991 m3
Jumlah Tube
diameter katalis/ diameter tube dk/dt = 0.15
diameter tube = 0.0333333333 m 1.312333 in
OD = 1.7 in 0.04318009 m
ID = 1.5 in 0.03810008 m
BWG = 16
L= 35 f 10.6681297 m 420.0043
volume 1 tube = 0.0121565302 m3
jumlah tube = 1781.8502736835 buah

Diameter Shell
Susunan tube : triangular pitch (60 )
o

C' (clearance) = 0.0215900432 m sin 60 0.866025

Pt = 0.0647701295 m
Luas segitiga = 0.0018165618 m2
Diameter shell = 2.0306069082 m 79.94499 in

Tebal Dinding Reaktor

low-alloy steel SA-301 B
P= 0.6908461 atm 11.1679417 psi
R= 1.015303454 m 39.972497 in
f= 1000 psi
E= 0.8
C= 0.125 in
ts = 0.683348155 in 0.01735708 m

Massa Katalis

porositas 0.4
Tumpukan katalis 2034.132 kg/m3
Massa katalis = 14.8367922541 kg /tube
Ac 0.001139518 M2
Volume katalis dlam tube 0.0072939181 m3

Note:
Data dari sumber/ perhitungan
Sumber data

PERHITUNGAN TEBAL HEAD, TH

OD = ID + 2TS
OD = 2.065321064 m 81.3116903 in (Brownell tabel 5.7)==>

rc = 84 in (Brownell tabel 5.7) 2.133604

irc = 5.25 in (Brownell tabel 5.7)

menghitung tebal head Brownell hal.133, k=2, bentuk head elliptical dished head
k= 2
v= 1

Th = 0.683793217 in ===> 0.27 in 0.029572

Tinggi tutup, OA = TH + b + sf

a = ID / 2 = 39.97249699 in
AB = a - icr = 34.72249699 in
BC = rc - icr = 78.75 in
AC = akar(BC^2 - AB^2) = 70.6817565072 in
b = rc - AC = 13.31824349 in
sf = 2
OA = 15.58824349 in 0.39594218 m

Tinggi Total Tangki = Hs + 2 x OA = 451.180754 in 11.46001

MENGHITUNG BUFFLE
buffle 6
jarak buffle 1.910002346 m
luas area buffle 0.008057124 m2

Nozzle
Nozzle reaktor yang digunakan meliputi
Nozzle pemasukan umpan
Nozzle Pengeluaran produk
Nozzle Pemasukan BFW
Nozzle pengeluaran BFW

Nozzle pemasukan umpan

Laju alir massa gas masuk, Fi 22551.515 kg/h 49717.84 lb/h
densitas gas campuran,r 1.4079722392 kg/m3 0.087897 lb/f3
Viscositas campuran gas 0.0014126413 lb/f

Laju alir volumetrik, vo 157.1217255407 f3/h

Diamenter Nozzle, Dn
Asumsi aliran turbulen
Dn opt 39.6906441251 in

Digunakan pipa standar 40 in

ID
OD
at'
cek reynold number

kecepatan gs, u

Nre
Nre > 4000, asumsi aliran turbulen benar
Spesifikasi Reaktor
Kondisi Operasi Kondisi Desain
temperatur, C 402 temperatur, C 402
tekanan, bar 0.7 tekanan, bar 0.76
space time, jam 0.002212988 space time, jam 0.00221299
Data Mekanik
bahan konstruksi low-alloy steel SA-301 grade B
Diameter Reaktor, m 2.0653210639 m
Tinggi reaktor, m 11.4600140777 m
tebal shell, m 0.0173570778 m
tipe head torispherical
tebal head, m 0.0295715454 m
Tube
Diameter, m 0.0381000762 m
tinggi, m 10.6681297245 m
jumlah 1781.8502736835
 KONVERTER

Laju alir massa BM Z Data Zc = JM Smith

1304.545 kg/jam 42 0.289 Data BM = JM Smith
21246.970 kg/jam 44 0.276
0.942

Bahan Carbon steel SA 204 A grade c

Fungsi Memproduksi propilen
Cao 8.344614E-06
k 31260000 -5.95283 0.002598 81228.04 viskositas : cp * 2,42
r 53423.284965
to` 0.0022129878
V 0.2957787288 1.01325
W 0.2386259442 1 750.0615
1247 525.043
112.5933 m3/kgmol
k2 0.0097 -0.1624 0.850099 0.008246 120.3194 m3/kgmol
185.1068

Perhitungan Densitas (Gas Ideal)

BMcamp = 43.87913
Z= 0.276786
R= 83.14 cm3(bar)/ mol K
ρ= 0.001408 gr/cm3
1.407972 kg/m3

(JM Smith, 1981)

(Kern )
(Kern )
(Kern )
in

ID shell 2Ntube*Pt^2*sin60/3.14

(Brownell and Young)

 (+ 10% tekanan operasi)

(bischoff,1970)

(Brownell tabel 5.7)==> 84 in Elipsoidal Head => volume = 0.0847

m 1.1642317437

m
 Zc = kompresibility factor critis (tekanan)

viskositas : cp * 2,42

m3/kgmol
m3/kgmol

nsitas (Gas Ideal)

cm3(bar)/ mol K
ID^3
 Komponen Laju alir massa Laju alir mol % mol
Propylen 47894.0656565657 kg/jam 1140.335 0.05821
Propane 334613.888888889 kg/jam 7604.861 0.38818
Oxygen 27608.5858585859 kg/jam 862.7683 0.04404
Hydrogen 2448.6111111111 kg/jam 1224.306 0.06249
Water 1262.6262626263 kg/jam 70.1459 0.00358
Methanol 276606.944444444 kg/jam 8643.967 0.44122
Fuel 1914.0151515152 kg/jam 44.51198 0.00227
19590.89

Laju alir umpan 692348.737 kg/jam

Densitas propilen 1.326 kg/m3 STP
Densitas propan 3.046 kg/m3 STP
Spacetime 0.0076055541 jam
Jenis katalis kromium oksida
Diameter katalis 0.005 m
Densitas katalis 2363.5 kg/m3
Kondisi operasi
T 65 C 338 K 149
P 15 bar
Jenis reaktor Multitubular fixed bed reactor
Reaksi C3H+H2+O2 → C3H6O + H2O

Volume Reaktor
Densitas umpan = 454.0898992904 kg/m3
Laju alir volumetrik = 1524.6953047309 m3/jam
Volume reaktor = 11.5961526451 m3
Faktor keamanan 10 %
Volume total reaktor = 12.7557679096 m3

Jumlah Tube
diameter katalis/ diameter tube dk/dt = 0.15 (JM Smith, 1981)
diameter tube = 0.0333333333 m 1.312333 in
OD = 1.7 in 0.04318009 m (Kern )
ID = 1.5 in 0.03810008 m (Kern )
BWG = 16 (Kern )
L= 30 f 9.14411119 m 360.0037 in
volume 1 tube = 0.010419883 m3
jumlah tube = 1224.1757296025 buah

Diameter Shell
Susunan tube : triangular pitch (60 o)
C' (clearance) = 0.0215900432 m
 Pt = 0.0647701295 m
Luas segitiga = 0.0018165618 m2
Diameter shell = 2.3802749968 m 93.71143 in

Tebal Dinding Reaktor

(Brownell and Young)

P= 14.803845 bar 239.313037 psi (+ 10% tekanan operasi)

R= 1.1901374984 m 46.8557133 in
f= 11250 psi
E= 0.85
C= 0.125 in
ts = 1.2976829918 in 0.03296121 m

Massa Katalis
Volume reaktor 12.7557679096
Bulk density 0.4 (wallas)
Tumpukan katalis 1418.1 kg/m3
Massa katalis dlm tube 8.8658616742 kg/tube
Ac 0.0011395184
Volume katalis dlm tube 0.0062519298 m3

Note:
Data dari sumber/ perhitungan
Sumber data

PERHITUNGAN TEBAL HEAD, TH

OD = ID + 2TS
OD = 2.4461974246 m 96.3067926 in (Brownell tabel 5.7)==>

rc = 96 in (Brownell tabel 5.7) 2.438405 m

irc = 5.875 in (Brownell tabel 5.7)

menghitung tebal head Brownell hal.133, k=2, bentuk head elliptical dished head
k= 2
v= 1

Th = 1.3005624348 in ===> 0.75 in 0.057317 m

Tinggi tutup, OA = TH + b + sf

a = ID / 2 = 46.8557133114 in
AB = a - icr 40.9807133114 in
BC = rc - ic 90.125 in
AC = akar(BC^2 - AB^2) = 80.2689028298 in
b = rc - AC 15.7310971702 in
sf = 2
OA = 18.4810971702 in 0.46942081 m

Tinggi Total Tangki = Hs + 2 x OA = 396.965852 in 10.08295 m

Volume total = Vr + 2xV head = 15.0402871 m^3

 BM Z Data Zc = JM Smith Zc = kompresibility factor critis (tekanan)
42 0.289 Data BM = JM Smith
44 0.276
32 0.288
2 0.305 densitas ( A B n Tc
18 0 0.817242 0.3471 0.3473 0.28571 647.13 -0.80971
32 0 0.749048 0.27197 0.27192 0.2331 512.58 -0.77797
43 0.2765
propilen 0.133931495
Ca 7.149032E-05
Bahan Carbon steel SA 204 A grade A Cao 3.10701E-05
Fungsi Memproduksi propilen

viskositas : cp * 2,42
k 1.238994
r 1.081779
to -0.45633 0.007606 1.01325
1 750.0615
525.043
40.14401 m3/kgmol
1017.632 m3/kgmol
1082.587

Perhitungan Densitas (Gas Ideal)

BMcamp = 35.34033
Z= 0.156333
R= 83.14 cm3(bar)/ mol K
ρ= 0.45409 gr/cm3
454.0899 kg/m3

Smith, 1981)
wnell and Young)

0% tekanan operasi)

96 in Elipsoidal Head => volume = 0.0847 ID^3

2.2565604
actor critis (tekanan)
 MIXER NaOH

Komponen Laju Alir massa% mol Laju alir masuk mol densitas viskositas
Propylen 40646.84343 0.108082339 967.781986532 787.381 kg/m3 0.00054
Propane 269388.5101 0.683759843 6122.4661386593 1000.000 kg/m3 #REF!
Oxygen 23936.61616 0.083539135 748.0192550505
Hydrogen 2142.676768 0.119647565 1071.3383838384
Fuel 1914.015152 0.004971118 44.5119802678
8954.117744348

material = stainless steel reactor

temperatur = 25 C
Waktu = 300 menit 5 jam
sistem continous
Jenis Reaktor CSTR

MENGHITUNG VOLUME REAKTOR

Densitas Campuran = 74.5663 kg/m3 0.002694 lbm/in3 4.655141 lbm/f3

Laju alir volumetrik = 321.0114 m3/jam
Volume cairan, VL = 1605.0568 m3
hold up = 20%

Volume reaktor = 1926.068201 m3

Over design = 20%

Volume total reaktor = 2311.281842 m3

DIMENSI TANGKI

Asumsi Hs/ID = 1 geankoplish

Torisperical Head => volume = 0.0778 ID^3

Volume tangki = V shell + 2xV head

2311.2818416757 = 0.785 ID^2 * H + 0.1556 ID^3
ID^3 = 2457.242018
ID = 13.49426737 m 531.2693065157 in
Hs = 13.49426737 m 531.2693065157 in
Tinggi cairan, HL
VL = 0.785 ID^2 * HL + 0.0778 ID^3
1605.056834497 = 142.9447728 HL + 191.1734
HL = 9.891116534 m 389.4132579274 in

PERHITUNGAN TEBAL SHELL, TS

Tekanan operasi, Pop = 1 atm 14.696 psi

gc = 386.0919227 lbm in/lbf s2
g= 385.826 in/s2

P desain = 15.74430437 psi

R= 6.747133687 m 265.6346532579 in
f= 20000 psi
E= 85%
C= 0.125 in
ts = 0.371150477 in 0.009427241 m 0.25 in standar (brownell tabe

PERHITUNGAN TEBAL HEAD, TH

OD = ID + 2TS
OD = 532.0116075 in 38 in (Brownell tabel 5.7) 0.965202

rc = 36 in (Brownell tabel 5.7)

irc = 2.375 in (Brownell tabel 5.7)

Th = 0.436093042 in ===> 0.19 in 0.004763 m

Tinggi tutup, OA = TH + b + sf

a = ID / 2 = 265.6346533 in
AB = a - icr = 263.2596533 in
BC = rc - icr = 33.625 in
AC = akar(BC^2 - AB^2) = #VALUE! in
b = rc - AC = #VALUE! in
sf = 2
OA = #VALUE! in #VALUE! m

Tinggi Total Tangki = Hs + 2 x OA = #VALUE! in #VALUE! m

 PERHITUNGAN PENGADUK

impeller ===>> six-blade turbine with disk agitator with four baffles

Dt = 38 in
C/Dt = 1/3

C= 12.66666667 in 0.3217339768 m

Da/Dt = 0.4

Da = 15.2 in 0.3860807722 m

Dd/Da = 2/3

Dd = 10.13333333 in 0.2573871814 m

W/Da = 1/5

W= 3.04 in 0.0772161544 m

L/Da = 1/4

L= 3.8 in 0.096520193 m

J/Dt = 1/12

J= 3.166666667 in 0.0804334942 m

PERHITUNGAN VISKOSITAS CAMPURAN

µ mix = #REF! Pa s #REF! lbm/ft s

PERHITUNGAN DAYA MOTOR

Diketahui N = 72 rpm 1.2 rps

Nre = #REF!

dari Fig 3.4-4, menggunakan curve 1, didapat Np = 5

P= 5.53 W
0.01 kW
0.01 HP

Efisiensi daya motor pengaduk = 85%

Daya motor = 0.01 HP 0.0065017165 kW

 BM F19
Pa s 42 MeOH 28.4898 0.890306
Pa s 44 H2O 59.28798 3.293776
32
2
43 F30
MeOH 11.21069
H20 0.262751

F20
MeOH
H20

61023.38
standar (brownell tabel 5.7) 0.00635 m

m
0.350334
0.014597
 Komponen % mol (Y) Laju alir mol Laju alir massa
Propylen 0.060435511 31.06060606 1304.54545455
Propane 0.939564489 482.8856749 21246.969697

P 0.7 bar
T 675 C 948 K R 0.08314
space time 0.1666666667 jam
Katalis kromium oksida
porositas katalis 0.06 cm3/g
Densitas katalis 5220 kg/m3
reaktor fixed bed multitubular

reaktan pembatas propan

laju volumetrik (Vo) Fao/CAo
CAo Yao.P/RT 0.008344614 kmol/m3 Ca 0.0022364574
Vo 57867.943034239 m3/jam
Volume reaktor 9644.6571723731 m3

k 1.238994297
 BM
kg/jam 42 Laju alir massa Laju alir mol BM % mol
kg/jam 44 propylen 11657.7020202 277.5643338 42 0.362373
propana 8486.74242424 192.8805096 44 0.251815
hidrogen 493.055555556 246.5277778 2 0.321854
m3(bar)/ kmol K butana 957.007575758 17.089421 56 0.022311
etana 957.007575758 31.90025253 30 0.041647
765.9622948

lnCao/Ca=kt
kmol/m3 k 7.9003394898
Chart Title
2.5

2 f(x) = 0.0320794845x^2 - 0.0699974743x + 0.2142968475

R² = 0.9884546641
0.9 0.105361 1.5
Column I
0.8 0.223144 Axis Title
1 Polynomial (Column I)
0.7 0.356675
0.6 0.510826 0.5
0.5 0.693147
0.4 0.916291 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0.3 1.203973
0.2 1.609438 Axis Title
0.1 2.302585
3x + 0.2142968475

Column I
Polynomial (Column I)
T 948
propilen -7.23 0.3418 -0.000094516
propane -5.462 0.32722 -0.00010672

viskositas campuran 0.001413 lb/(ft·s)

231.8545 0.000232 0.001558
208.8329 0.000209 0.001403