000 MacDonald Vol1 Kern200 001-380

ANNE MACDONALD
IN CLEAR WORDS
THE 35$6$11$3$'Ɩ, CHAPTER ONE
ÖSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN
PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE
SITZUNGSBERICHTE, 863. BAND
BEITRÄGE ZUR KULTUR- UND GEISTESGESCHICHTE ASIENS

NR. 86
ÖSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN
PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE
SITZUNGSBERICHTE, 863. BAND
In Clear Words
The3UDVDQQDSDGƗ, Chapter One
Vol. I
Introduction, Manuscript Description,
Sanskrit Text
Anne MacDonald
Vorgelegt von w. M. ERNST STEINKELLNER
in der Sitzung vom 24. Oktober 2014
Diese Publikation wurde einem anonymen, internationalen

Peer-Review-Verfahren unterzogen.
This publication has undergone the process of anonymous, international peer review.
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ISBN 978-3-7001-7673-2
Copyright © 2015 by
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien
Druck und Bindung: Ferdinand Berger & Söhne Ges.m.b.H., 3580 Horn
Printed and bound in the EU
http://hw.oeaw.ac.at/7673-2
http://verlag.oeaw.ac.at

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RDOCJPO<ITKCDGJNJKCD><G<I<GTNDN NP=NO<IOD<GKJDIOJADIO@M@NODI
<I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N >MDODLP@ JADBI»B<‫ځ‬NPI?@MNO<I?DIBJAMO>QV>HӸ>‫ټ‬AJM
DBI»B< OC@ >JBIDODJI ?DM@>O K@M>@KODJI‫ټ‬DN <I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N KJNDODJI
OC<OAJM(»?CT<HDF<N<NAJMJM?DI<MTK@MNJINࢪ<I?DI?@@?AJM>@MO<DI
JOC@M P??CDNON OC@ KMDH<MT M@A@M@IO JA OC@ RJM? MO>QV>HӸ> DN IJO
>JIN>DJPNI@NN =PO M<OC@M OC@ J=E@>O K@M>@DQ@? Q@I OCJPBC G<O@M
DIO@MKM@O<ODJIN@NK@>D<GGTDI/D=@OJA<I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N>MDODLP@JAC»QD
Q@F< RJPG? NP=NO<IOD<GGT <AA@>O OC@ >C<M<>O@MDU<ODJIN DIO@MI<G
?@H<M><ODJIN<I?<N<M@NPGOOC@N@GAPI?@MNO<I?DIBJAOC@(<?CT<
H<F<N>CJJGCDNM@H<MFNDIM@B<M?OJDBI»B<‫ځ‬NQD@RNC<?QDMOP<GGT
IJDHK<>OJIOC@GJBD><G@KDNO@HJGJBD><GOM<?DODJIDI$I?D<OC@T?D?
CJR@Q@M G@<? OJ C@<O@? ?@=<O@N DI /D=@O !JM OC@ (»?CT<HDF<N DI
<I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N DHH@?D<O@ <I? NP=N@LP@IO OM<?DODJI CJR@Q@M OC@
>JIQ@MN<ODJI RDOC DBI»B< @SKG<DI@? KM@>DN@GT RCT OC@DM A@GGJR
(<C»T»IDNO‫ځ‬N N@?P>ODQ@@KDNO@HJGJBD><GOC@JMD@NK<MOD>PG<MGTOC<OJA
P>ӘSӰQFG@Q@G=<M@K<MOD>PG<MNC<?OJ=@M@E@>O@?

$I OC@ N@>ODJI EPNO <IO@>@?@IO OJ OC@ <OO<>F JI DBI»B<‫ځ‬N @KDN
O@HJGJBD><G QD@RN <I?M<FåMOD <??M@NN@N JKKJI@ION ࢪKM@QDJPNGT
KM@NPH@? =T N>CJG<MN OJ =@GJIB OJ DBI»B<‫ځ‬N OM<?DODJI JM OJ =@
DBI»B<CDHN@GA‫ټ‬JM@Q@IC»QDQ@F<RCJ><IJIGT=@D?@IODAD@?<N
)<DT»TDF<N /C@N@ JKKJI@ION ?DNKPO@ OC@ (<?CT<H<F< >G<DH OC<O
OCDIBN ?J IJO >JH@ DIOJ =@DIB JI OC@ BMJPI? OC<O NP>C @MO<DIH@IOQD<NJH@NJMOJAQ<GD?>JBIDODJI<MBPDIBOC<O
DAOC@(»?CT<HDF<N<?HDOOC<OOCDN>JBIDODJI@SDNONOC@INJH@OCDIB
D @ OC@ H@<IN JA Q<GD? >JBIDODJI HPNO DON@GA >JH@ DIOJ =@DIB <I?
@SDNORCD>CRJPG?OCPN>JIAPO@OC@(<?CT<H<F<<NN@MODJI $AJIOC@
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NJ><GG@? ‫ڄ‬#åI<T»IDNON‫ څ‬DN N<I?RD>C@? =@OR@@I OC@ <MBPH@IO<ODJI
?DM@>O@? OJR<M? C»QDQ@F< <I? OC@ >JIAMJIO<ODJI RDOC OC@ )<DT»TD
F<N /C@ JIN@MQ<ODQ@ P??CDNO JKKJI@IO J=E@>ON OJ OC@ (<?CT<
H<F< N>CJJG‫ځ‬N M<?D><GDUDIB JA OC@ KMDI>DKG@ JA ?@K@I?@IO<MDNDIB OJ
OC@ @SO@IO OC<O ?@K@I?@IO<MDNDIB DN >C<M<>O@MDU@? <N DO DN DI OC@
JK@IDIB Q@MN@N OJ OC@ ((& <N =@DIB TFQELRQ <MDNDIB JM >@<NDIB
RDOCJPO JI@ OCDIB JM N@K<M<O@ OCDIBN <I? RDOCJPO >JHDIB JM BJDIB
<I? >C<MB@N OC@ (»?CT<HDF<N RDOC >JIOM<?D>ODIB OC@ Q@M=<G
O@NODHJIT JA OC@ CDBC@NO <POCJMDOT I<H@GT OC@ P??C< /C@
JIN@MQ<ODQ@ P??CDNO‫ځ‬N >DODIB JA <IJID><G Q@MN@N <I? KMJN@
NO<O@H@ION RCD>C PI@LPDQJ><GGT M@A@M AJM @S<HKG@ OJ OC@ >JHDIB
DIOJ @SDNO@I>@ <I? NP=N@LP@IO >@NN<ODJI JA OCDIBN <I? RCD>C OCPN
<KK@<M OJ >JIADMH OC<O ?@K@I?@IO<MDNDIB DN DI?@@? LP<GDAD@? =T
<MDNDIB<I?>@<NDIBDNO<F@I<N<IJKKJMOPIDOT=T<I?M<FåMODOJ@?DAT
CDN >JP??CDNON <N OJ OC@ ?DAA@M@I>@ =@OR@@I DIO@MKM@ODQ@ <I?
?@ADIDODQ@ N>MDKOPM@N <I? DINKDM@N CDH OJ >DO@ < IPH=@M JA K<NN<B@N
AMJH =JOC OC@ JIN@MQ<ODQ@ P??CDNON‫< ځ‬I? OC@ (<C»T»IDNON‫ ځ‬N>MDK
OPM<G >JGG@>ODJIN DI NPKKJMO JA OC@ <>OP<G IJI<MDNDIB @O> JA OCDIBN
OC<O?@K@I?@IOGT<MDN@ +M@N@IO@?DIOC@N@>ODJI<M@K<NN<B@NAMJHOC@
ºB<H<N OC@ 1DI<T< OC@ 0?»I<Q<MB< OC@ FӼ<T<H<ODNĥOM< OC@
.<H»?CDM»E<NĥOM< OC@ &»ĕT<K<K<MDQ<MO<NĥOM< OC@ ӴҦC»?CT»ĕ<T<
K<MDKӴ>>C»NĥOM< OC@ 1<EM<H<ӠҦ<?C»M<Ӡå <I? OC@ 0K»GDK<MDKӴ>>C»
NJH@JARCD>CKM@N@MQ@OC@JIGTFIJRI.<INFMDOAJMOC@DMM@NK@>ODQ@
RJMF

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<=JQ@<NR@GG<NAMJHĕ»PQO>N<M@AJPI?DIOC@JOC@MN@>ODJINJAOC@
+N+‫ځ‬N ADMNO >C<KO@M *A M@G@Q@ OJ JPM FIJRG@?B@ JA OC@ O@HKJM<G
NP>>@NNDJI DI RCD>C OC@ DI?DQD?P<G RJMFN DI <I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N J@PQM@
R@M@ KMJ?P>@? <M@ OC@ M@A@M@I>@N OJ <I? >DO<ODJIN AMJH OC@
(<?CT<H<F»Q<O»M< RCD>C <KK@<M OJ DI?D><O@ OC<O OCDN RJMF R<N
>JHKJN@? KMDJM OJ OC@ +N+ <I? OC@ G<>F JA M@A@M@I>@N OJ <IT JA OC@
+-.))+º#+/ -*)
JOC@M >JHH@IO<MD@N <OOMD=PO@? OJ <I?M<FåMOD /C@ =MD@A >DO<ODJIN

AMJH P??C<K»GDO<‫ځ‬N (ĥG<H<?CT<H<F<QӴOOD <I? C»QDQ@F<‫ځ‬N
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.<INFMDO JM < >GJN@ <KKMJSDH<ODJI OC@M@JA AJM OC@ LPJO@? K<NN<B@N
<I?M<FåMOD <??DODJI<GGT >DO@N AMJH RJMFN JOC@M OCNNP>C<NOC@
Ĕ»GDNO<H=<NĥOM< OC@ '<GDO<QDNO<M< OC@ -<OI<>ĥҦ<K<MDKӴ>>C» <I? OC@
-<OI»F<M<NĥOM<<NR@GG<NAMJH+»ӠDID‫ځ‬NӼԆ»?CT»Tå <I?M<FåMODC<N
OC@O@I?@I>TOJ>G<NNDATOC@><IJID><G=CD?C<MH<H<O@MD<GC@H<F@N
M@A@M@I>@OJ<N<POCJMDO<ODQ@O@NODHJITࢪ»D>J>

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$ OC@ H»OFH»N =T R<T JA RCD>C )»B»MEPI< M@APO@N OC@ AJPM
>JI?DODJIN ࢪMO>QV>V> C@G? OJ =@ M@NKJIND=G@ AJM OC@ >JHDIB DIOJ
=@DIB JA OCDIBN OC@DM @AA@>ON /C@ JKKJI@IO K<MOT DI OCDN N@>ODJI DN
<B<DI OC@ JIN@MQ<ODQ@ P??CDNON RCJ NP=NO<IOD<O@ OC@DM QD@R OC<O
OC@>JI?DODJIN<M@OMPGT@SDNO@IOOCDIBNRCD>C=MDIB<=JPOOC@<MDNDIB
JA JOC@M OMPGT @SDNO@IO OCDIBN =T <MBPDIB OC<O OC@ P??C< CDHN@GA
O<PBCOOC@AJPM>JI?DODJIN <I?M<FåMODHPNOC<Q@C<?P??C<K»GDO<‫ځ‬N
>JHH@IO<MT JI OC@ ((& =@AJM@ CDH @DOC@M DI H@HJMDU@? JM
H<IPN>MDKO AJMH <N C@ >JHKJN@? CDN >JHH@IO<MD<G M@H<MFN JI OC@
H»OFH»N JA OCDN N@>ODJI C@ JAO@I M@DO@M<O@N P??C<K»GDO<‫ځ‬N DIO@MKM@
O<ODJIJANK@>DAD>H»OFH»NJM@G@H@IONOC@M@JA<I?OCPN?@HJINOM<O@N

!@GDS M= ࢪ N@@ <GNJ AA NPBB@NON OC<O <I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N RJMFN R@M@
KMJ?P>@? DI OC@ AJGGJRDIB JM?@M (<?CT<H<F»Q<O»M<=C»ӼT< +M<N<II<K<?» 4PFOD
Ӽ<ӼԆDF»QӴOODĔĥIT<O»N<KO<ODQӴOOD<OPҾĕ<O<F<ԆåF» (THN,>JIO<DIN<A@RM@A@M@I>@N
OJOC@(<?CT<H<F»Q<O»M<OC<O<M@>G@<MGTDIO@MKJG<ODJINRCD>CG@<?NJI@OJRJI?@M
DA NJH@ JA OC@ JOC@MN DI OC@ +N+ O@SO R@ C<Q@ M@>@DQ@? HDBCO IJO <GNJ =@ G<O@M
<??DODJIN<GOCJPBC<OG@<NOJI@N@@HNOJ=@I@>@NN<MTAJM<I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N<MBPH@IO<
ODJI<I?OCPNDIOMDIND>OJOC@RJMF

/C@ADMNO>C<KO@MJAP??C<K»GDO<‫ځ‬N>JHH@IO<MTJIOC@((&DNIJOKM@N@MQ@?DI
OC@+H<IPN>MDKO?DN>JQ@M@?<I?@?DO@?=T.C<JTJIB4@

N KJDIO@? JPO <I? ?DN>PNN@? DI HT OM<ING<ODJI‫ځ‬N <IIJO<ODJI OJ OC@ M@G@Q<IO
K<NN<B@N<I?M<FåMOD?J@NIJO<GR<TNLPJO@CDNNJPM>@NGDO@M<GGTࢪJM?D?CDNNJPM>@N
M@<??DAA@M@IOGT
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CDN@I?JMN@H@IOJADO 2C@OC@MC@<GNJC<?C»QDQ@F<‫ځ‬N>JHH@IO<MT
=@AJM@ CDH DN G@NN >G@<M CDN O@I?@I>T OJ M@K@<O NJH@ODH@N DI <
M@QDN@? AJMH P??C<K»GDO<‫ځ‬N >JHH@ION =PO OJ JQ@MRC@GHDIBGT
DBIJM@ Q<MD<IO DIO@MKM@O<ODJIN BDQ@I =T C»QDQ@F< H<T =@OM<T @ ࢪ<O G@<NO <N >JI>@MIN @<MGD@M >JH
H@IO<OJMNOJP??C<K»GDO<‫ځ‬NRJMF *IJ>><NDJIP??C<K»GDO<C»
QDQ@F<<I?<I?M<FåMODKM@N@IONDHDG<MDIO@MKM@O<ODJINAJMOC@((&$
Q@MN@N <O ODH@N <I?M<FåMOD <KK<M@IOGT ADI?N OC@ @SKG<I<ODJIN <I?
<MBPH@ION JA =JOC JA CDN KM@?@>@NNJMN PIN<ODNA<>OJMT <I? ?@QD<ODIB
AMJH OC@N@ JAA@MN <I<GO@MI<ODQ@<I<GTNDN $>JIND?@M@?DOH@<IDIB
APGBDQ@IOC<OHJNOOM<ING<ODJINJA>C<KO@MNJAOC@+N+AJ>PNJIGTJI
<I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N>JHH@IONOJ=@BDIOJDIQ@NODB<O@DI<Q@MTKM@GDHDI<MT
R<T OC@ ?@BM@@ OJ RCD>C <I?M<FåMOD M@GD@N JI OC@ M@H<MFN <I?
>JHH@IO<MD<G NOTG@ JA P??C<K»GDO< <I? C»QDQ@F< <I? C<Q@
OC@M@AJM@ DI>GP?@? DI HT <IIJO<ODJI NJH@ =<ND> J=N@MQ<ODJIN
M@B<M?DIB OC@ DIO@MKM@O<ODJI JA OC@ H»OFH»N KM@N@IO@? =T OC@ @<MGD@M
>JHH@IO<OJMN

-OBSFLRP&KSBPQFD>QFLKP "AFQFLKP >KA1O>KPI>QFLKP

/C@ ADMNO M@A@M@I>@ OJ OC@ +N+ =T < PMJK@DQDGN@MQ<IO<KKJDIO@?DI
OJ-@ND?@IONCDKDI&<OCH<I?PRC@IC@DI>GP?@?DODI<GDNOJA
P??CDNO.<INFMDOGDO@M<OPM@DI)@K<GDI<I@NN<TKP=GDNC@?DI
(DNG@?CJR@Q@M=T<I@MMJI@JPN?@NDBI<ODJIJAOC@RJMF#J?BNJI

0IAJMOPI<O@GT OC@ ((& >JHH@IO<MD@N >JHKJN@? =T <>>JM?DIB OJ
Q<GJFDO<QM<O< @Q<ĕ<MHJHH@IONRC@IC@?@QD<O@NAMJHOC@DIO@MKM@O<ODJINJA
P??C<K»GDO<<I?C»QDQ@F< .>CJG<MNRCJM@<?CDI@N@RDGG=@<=G@OJ?@O@MHDI@DA
C@@Q@MM@GD@NJI.OCDM<H<OD‫ځ‬N>JHH@IO<MT

!JM?@O<DG@?M@H<MFNJIOC@+N+‫ځ‬NM@G<ODJINCDKOJ@<MGD@M>JHH@IO<MD@N@NK@>D<GGT
<NM@B<M?N((&31$$N@@&M<BC

.@@#J?BNJI <I?#J?BNJI
+-.))+º#+/ -*)
RMJIBGT M@>JM?@? OC@ +N+‫ځ‬N I<H@ <N ‫ڄ‬3FKBV>0´QO> ‫ څ‬/CDNHDNO<F@

DI <KK@GG<ODJI R<N M@>ODAD@? NCJMOGT <AO@M #J?BNJI K<NN@? JI JI@ JA
CDN H<IPN>MDKON JA OC@ +N+ OJ OC@ .J>D£O£ ND<ODLP@ DI +<MDN =T OC@
!M@I>C N>CJG<M PB¢I@ PMIJPA ࢪ RCJ D?@IODAD@? OC@
RJMFDI<>>JM?RDOCOC@I<H@AJPI?DIH<IPN>MDKO‫ځ‬N>JGJKCJI<NOC@
‫?<(ڄ‬CT<H<F<QӴOOD‫< څ‬I? RCJ M@<GDU@? PKJI M@<?DIB <I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N
JK@IDIBQ@MN@NOC<OOC@>JHKJNDODJIR<NNK@>DAD><GGT<>JHH@IO<MT
JI )»B»MEPI<‫ځ‬N ((& /C@ M@QDN@? ?@O@MHDI<ODJI JA OC@ I<H@ <I?
>C<M<>O@M JA OC@ RJMF <N R@GG <N PMIJPA‫ځ‬N =MD@A =PO NJH@RC<O
K@MKG@S@? J=N@MQ<ODJIN JI (<?CT<H<F< KCDGJNJKCT R@M@ KM@N@IO@?
DI CDN ‫ڄ‬$IOMJ?P>ODJI G‫ځ‬CDNOJDM@ ?P P??CDNH@ DI?D@I‫ څ‬RC@M@
<GJIBND?@ CDN ><M@APG ?@N>MDKODJI JA <I? >JHH@ION JI OC@ RJMF C@
IJO@? OC<O OC@ +M<E«»K»M<HDO» GDO@M<OPM@‫ځ‬N KMJ>GDQDOT AJM I@B<ODJIN‫ټ‬
>C<M<>O@MDU@? =T CDH <N ‫<ڄ‬P?<>DJPN‫ټڅ‬DN DI OC@ ((& O<F@I @Q@I
APMOC@Mࢪ‫ڄ‬ND>@G<@NOKJNND=G@‫څ‬OJDIO@I?H@O<KCTND><GIJI@SDNO@I>@
PMIJPA <?HDOO@? OC<O C@ AJPI? DO ?DAAD>PGO OJ PI?@MNO<I? CJR OC@
((& >JPG? C<Q@ KM@N@IO@? DON@GA <N OMDI@ NDI>@ C@ JKDI@? <IT M<CHDI RCJ R<IO@? OJ
?@>DH<O@ P??CDNH RJPG? I@@? OJ ?J GDOOG@ HJM@ OCO OJ +M<E«»K»M<HDO» <I? (<?CT<H<F< GDO@M<OPM@
<I? CDN K@BBDIB JA )»B»MEPI<‫ځ‬N ࢪ<I? =T DHKGD><ODJI <I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N
B@I@M<G KCDGJNJKCD><G QD@R <N < ‫ڄ‬N>CJG<NOD> IDCDGDNH‫ څ‬KMJAJPI?GT
DIAGP@I>@? JOC@M IDI@O@@IOC>@IOPMT N>CJG<MN NJH@ JA RCJH ><NO
N@Q@M@Q<GP@EP?B@H@IONJIP??CDNH<N<RCJG@<I?R@M@<OG@<NO

#J?BNJI>JMM@>ONCDN M@A@M@I>@‫ڄ‬3FKBV>0´QO>‫څ‬OJ‫ڄ‬3FK>V>0´QO>‫څ‬DIOC@
M@KMDIO JA OC@ @NN<T #J?BNJI >JGG@>O@? <O G@<NO ORJ H<IPN>MDKON JA OC@ +N+ /C@
H<IPN>MDKOOC<OC@K<NN@?JIOJOC@.J>D£O£ND<ODLP@DI+<MDNC<?PMIJPAM@KJMON
OC@ RJM?N ‫ڄ‬SFK>V> M>QO>‫ څ‬RMDOO@I JI DON ADMNO AJGDJ OC@ H<IPN>MDKO OC<O #J?BNJI
KM@N@IO@?OJOC@ND<OD>.J>D@OTJA@IB<GC<N‫ڄ‬SFK>V>‫څ‬RMDOO@IDIOC@G@AOH<MBDIJA
DONAJGDJN

PMIJPAࢪ‫*ڄ‬I<K@DI@>JHKM@I?M@>JHH@IO>@GDQM@K@PON@?JII@M
KJPM PI@ ?@N <POJMDO£N ?@ G< ?J>OMDI@ ?@ ĔFT<HPID $G N@H=G@ LP‫ځ‬PI MCH<I@
QJPG<IO M£?PDM@ @OO@ ?J>OMDI@ I@ KJPMM<DO HD@PS A<DM@ LP@ ?‫?<ځ‬JKO@M G@N
<MBPH@IONI£B<ODAN?@)BM?EPI<@O?@NJI>JHH@IO<O@PM ‫څ‬

.@@ PMIJPA AA /P>F A ?@ %JIB DS *I PMIJPA
<I?CDNRJMF>A ?@%JIBPAA@OMDGG@<I?'JK@U AA
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K<MOD<GGTJMDI?DM@>OGTM@NKJIND=G@AJM<B@I@M<GM@E@>ODJIJAOC@O@I@ON
JA(<?CT<H<F<KCDGJNJKCT

+M@NPH<=GT DI NJH@ H@<NPM@ < M@NPGO JA OC@ M@>@KODJI JA PMIJPA‫ځ‬N
M@H<MFN <I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N +N+ R<N DBIJM@? AJM I@<MGT OC@ M@NO JA OC@
>@IOPMT $I OC@ HD?‫ځ‬N CJR@Q@M OC@ H<IPN>MDKO OC<O C<? =@@I
?@GDQ@M@? OJ +<MDN =T #J?BNJI R<N <N GP>F RJPG? C<Q@ DO ADI<GGT
?PNO@?JAA=TOC@=MDGGD<IOTJPIB@GBD<IN>CJG<M'JPDN?@'<1<GG£@
+JPNNDI ࢪ @ '< 1<GG£@ +JPNNDI PI?@MOJJF <N CDN DIDOD<G
KMJE@>O C<KO@M JA OC@ +N+ RCD>C
R<NKP=GDNC@?DI #@NP=N@LP@IOGTJQ@MOC@T@<MN
K<DINO<FDIBGT>M@<O@?<>MDOD><G@?DODJIJAOC@@IODM@O@SO<I@?DODJI
OC<O RJPG? DIOMJ?P>@ <I? M@I?@M <>>@NND=G@ OJ HJ?@MI N>CJG<MNCDK
=JOC)»B»MEPI<‫ځ‬N((&<I?<I?M<FåMOD‫ځ‬N>JHH@IO<MTJIDO<I?OC<O
RJPG? N@MQ@ <N OC@ =<NDN AJM <GG NP=N@LP@IO NOP?T JA OC@ ORJ RJMFN
/C@H<IPN>MDKODI+<MDNR<NJI@JA<OMDJJAH<IPN>MDKON>JGG<O@?=T
?@ '< 1<GG£@ +JPNNDI AJM CDN @?DODJI JA OC@ +N+ C@ NJPBCO JPO DI
<??DODJIOJOC@M@G<ODQ@GTKJJMLP<GDOT+<MDNH<IPN>MDKO<H<IPN>MDKO
JA OC@ +N+ OC<O C<? =@@I <>LPDM@? =T OC@ <H=MD?B@ 0IDQ@MNDOT
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IJO N@@H OJ ?DNODIBPDNC =@OR@@I OC@ ORJ QJR@GH<MF@MN JM =@><PN@

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OC@JOC@MC<I?=@KJNND=G@OC<OOCDNH<MF@M<GNJNJH@ODH@N<OO@NO@?
DI OC@ JG?@M )@K<G@N@ N>MDKO C<N =@@I OM<INHDOO@? OJ HN OCMJPBC
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N>MD=@ R<N >JINDNO@IO OC@ H<EJMDOT JA OC@ ODH@ DI RMDODIB NP>C
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GOCJPBC OCDN KMJ>@?PM@ ?@KMDQ@N OC@ DI?DQD?P<G @S<HDIDIB OC@ <KK<M<OPN JA APGG
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JOC@MHJM@NP=NO<IOD<GQ<MD<ION<I?NDI>@OC@M@>JM?DIBJAOC@>HӸ>O>NDI)@K<G@N@
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OFQF@>I"AFQFLK

PRASANNAPADĀ CHAPTER ONE

i ु
यो ऽयावासिवधूतवासः सधीसागरलजा।

समतोय गभीरभावं यथानबु ं
ु कृ पया जगाद ॥

य दशनतेजांिस परवािदमतेनम ।्

PsPL 2 दह ् अािप लोक, मानसािन तमांिस च ॥

5 यासमानवचःशरौघा िनि िनःशेषभवािरसने ाम ् ।

्
िधातरु ा ियम आदधाना िवन ेयलोक सदेवक ॥

ु
नागाजनाय िणप तै तािरकाणां िववृितं
किरे।
P: Ø up to PsPM §5 (end of third sentence [= PsPL 4.6]); Q: ddhāya ||

(the right and left edges of folio 1 are damaged due to breakage; the
homage may have read: oṃ namo buddhāya ||); A-C, E-M: oṃ namo
buddhāya ||; D: namo buddhāya; N: oṃ namaḥ śrīvajrasatvāya | oṃ
namo ratnatrayāya |. Tib: ’phags pa ’jam dpal gzhon nur gyur pa la
phyag ’tshal lo ||. P: Ø; D: yānta°; F: yānta...tavāsa; K: yotta°; N:
yo ntardvayā°. LVP (PsPL 1, n. 4) remarks: “Mss. yo ’ntardaya°” but
L and M read yo ntadvayā° (N as stated). A: gaṃbhira°; C, G, I:
gambhīra°; E, H, M: gaṃbhīra° P: Ø; Q: yathānabu°; A, I: yathā-
nuddha; E, H: yathānuddhaṃ A, E, I: jagmada; H: jagmadaḥ
P: Ø; A, E, H, I: daśana°; D: °jātsi A: paravādimete°; F: °mate-
ndharaṃ; I: °matyaṃdhanaṃ P: Ø; A-C, E, G-J, L, M: dahaty; F:

rahabhy; K: nahaty F: eyāpi A, E, H, I: tavānsi A, E, F,
H, I, K, L: va P: Ø; Q: yasyādvayajñāna°; Tib: gnyis med ye
shes; *LṬ: asamajñānaṃ. Q presumably has its reading from the γ

line (see Stemma). F: °bhacāriśenāṃ; G: °bhavāri≈sanāṃ
P: Ø; Q: ādadhanā P: Ø; L: vineyayalokasya P: Ø; Q:
sadeva///; N: repeats sadevakasya P, Q: Ø P, Q: Ø N:
tatkāṇām F, K: vikṛtiṅ
116 CRITICAL EDITION

्
उानसियवानां तकािनलााकुिलतां साम ॥

iत न तो नािप परतो न ााम ् इािद वमाणं

शाम ।् त कािन सािभधेययोजनानीित े मम-

1U कावतारिविहतिविधनायानाल तं ु
महाकणोपायपरःसरं

थमिचोादं ु ् आिदं
तथागतानोिहेतम कृ ा 5

-U&U,U यावद ् आचायनागाजनु  िविदतािवपरीतापारिमतानीतेः PsPL 3
P: Ø; D: °satprakriyavākanaddhāṃ A, E, H, I: tarkātila° A,
E, H, I: prasannā; N: nnasannāṃ P: Ø; A-C, E-N number the
verses one to four I: mvato N: dvā; Tib: n.e. na dvābhyām

N: tyādi H: vakṣamāṇāṃ A, E, F, H, I: śāstra P: Ø; Q:
saṃbandhābhidheyaprayojanaprayojanānīti; A: saṃ...ābhiveyaprayo-
janatatprayojanānīti; B: saṃ...ābhidheyaprayojanaṃtatprayojanānīti;
D: saṃ...āvidheyaprayojanatatprayojanānīti; E, F, H, I, K, L: saṃ...ā-
bhidheyaprayojanatatprayojanānīti; PsPL: saṃbandhābhidheyaprayo-
janāni iti; Tib: ’brel pa dang brjod par bya ba dang | dgos pa’i dgos pa
dag ... zhes (*sambandhābhidheyaprayojanaprayojanānīti). The fact
that the manuscript group C, G, J, M and N reads saṃbandhābhidhe-
yaprayojanānīti presumably has its source in an eyeskip committed
by J’s scribe; ms κ, from which mss B, J and L stem, must have con-
tained the reading °ābhidheyaprayojanatatprayojanānīti in order for it
to appear in both B and L. Candrakīrti only refers to a prayojana and
not to a prayojanaprayojana in the commentary which follows. See
Translation note. P: Ø; A-C, E, H-N: praśe; F: pra≈e; G: pradeśe;
em. by LVP (silently) H: °kṛta H: °karuṇopāyavuraḥsaraṃ;
Tib: n.e. upāya P: Ø; A, E, F, H, K, L: °cittautpādaṃ P: Ø;
Q: tathāgata/// P, Q: Ø P, Q: Ø P: Ø; Q: ///d P: Ø;
A-N: ācāryāryanāgārjunasya; Tib: n.e. ārya F: °pārapitānīteḥ
PRASANNAPADĀ CHAPTER ONE 117

कणया परावबोधाथ शाणयनम ् इ एष
् तावच ् छा
सः॥

यच ् छाि च े शिरपून ् अशेषान ् सायते गिततो
्
भवाच च।

5 तच ् छासनात ् ाणगणाच
ु ् च शाम ् एतद ् यं चा- *U
मतेष ु नाि॥
इित॥

iयम ् एव चाचाय वमाणसकलशाािभधेयाथ स- .U

योजनम ् उपदशयस
ं ् तदिवपरीतसकाशकेन माहाम ् %U
C, G: parova°; M: parova...tha P: Ø; C, G, J, N: °preṇayenam;
F: °praṇayaṇam; M: śāstraṃpreṇayenam P: Ø; C, G, J, M, N: aṣa

A: tavad A: tastrasya; C, G: chāstra; M: chāstraṃ P: Ø; A,
E, H, I, L: ya; C, G, J, M, N: yec; em. by LVP (silently); Tib does not

include the verse. H: chāstī P: Ø; A-N: va; conj. by LVP:
va[ḥ]. P: Ø; A-E, H-L, N: °ripūr; F: °ripur; G: °ripūv; M: °ripu-

pūr; em. by LVP (silently) F: aṇeṣānu A, E, H, I: saṃśāyate;
C, G, M, N: °yata M: durgatitot P: Ø; A-N: tec; em. by LVP
(silently) Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): chāsanāt; P: Ø;
Q: chāsanā; A, E, F, H, K, L: chāsanāṃ; B, C, D, G, J, M, N: chāsanān;

I: chasanā P: Ø; D: etata P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: dvaya
A: svayem Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): eva; P: Ø;
Q: evan; A, B, D-F, H-M: evaṃ; C, G, N: evam; Tib: nyid P: Ø;
A, C-H, J-M: vā°; B: vācārye; I: vāṃcāryyo; N: cācāyo; em. by LVP

(silently); Tib: n.e. ca P: Ø; Q: °śāstrābhidheyam arthaṃ; A:
°śāstrabhi°; B: vikśya°; C: °śāstrābhirdheyarthaṃ; D: °śāstrahidhe-

yam arthaṃ; F: vakṣa...rtha; G: °śāstrābhirdheyam arthaṃ; M: va-
kṣyamāta°; Tib: ’chad par ’gyur ba’i bstan bcos mtha’ dag gi brjod
par bya ba’i don P: Ø; Q: sapra///; A-C, E-N: su°; em. by LVP

+U ु तथागताय शा-
उा तभावाितरेकवितन े परमगरवे

ु
णयनिनिमकं णामं कतकाम आह –

अिनरोधम ् अनादम
ु ् े
अन ु दम ् अशातम।्

/U अन ेकाथ म ् अनानाथम ् अनागमम अिनग
् मम ् ॥

$U ु
यः तीसमादम ् 5
इािद॥

0U ु ादः शाा-
तद ् अािनरोधािवशेषणिविशः तीसम

िभधेयाथः ॥ PsPL 4
(silently) P, Q: Ø; A, E, H: upadarśayaṃ; I: ūpa°; PsP : °yan

L
P: Ø; Q: ///(prakāśakatvena); A, E, F, H, I, K, L: °parītaprakāśaka-
tvena; PsPL: °parītasaṃprakāśatvena; Tib: ston par mdzad pa nyid

kyi sgo nas
P: Ø; A, E, F, H, L: uhāvya; M: utbhāvya; I: ūhāvya P: Ø; D:
tetsva°; F: °vyatinekavarttine; G: °vattine; H: °varttite; M: °varttire

P: Ø; C, M: parana°; D: parave; I: °guruve P: Ø; D: °praṇapa-
nanani°; F: °praṇayaṇa°; G: °ka P: Ø; A-N: pramāṇaṃ; em. by
LVP (silently); Tib: phyag P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: anirādham

P: Ø; A: anurāchedam; E, F, H, I, K, L: anugachedam A: anekār-
tha P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om. N: anirggasaṃ P: Ø;
A: pratitamanutpādam; B-H, J-N: pratītyamanutpādam; D: pratītye-

samutpādam; I: pratityamanutpādam; em. by LVP (silently) P: Ø;
Q: om.; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om. P: Ø; Q: tatrānirodhā°; A, E, H,
I: tatrānirodhādyāstaviśeṣaṇaviśiṣṭa; B: °viśiṣṭa; C, J, M, N: °viśeṣe-
ṇaviśiṣṭha; F: tatrānirodhājyaṣṭaviśeṣanaviśiṣṭa; G: °viśeṣeṇaviśiṣṭa;
K, L: tatrānirodhā...viśiṣṭa; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: de la ⁘ tad
atra° P: Ø; Q: °samutpāda///; F, K: pratīmanupādaḥ Em.
with LVP (LVP emends silently): śāstrābhidheyārthaḥ; P, Q: Ø; A, B,

D-F, H, I, K, L: śāstre ’bhidheyārthaḥ; C, G, M, N: śāstra ’bhidheyār-

सवपोपशमिशवलणं िनवाण ं शा योजनं िनिदम॥्

तं वे वदतां वरम॥्

इन ेन णामः ॥

i ् तावोकय समदायाथ
इ एष ु ः ॥ )U

5 iअवयवाथस ् त ु िवभ ते । त िनिर ् िनरोधः ण- (U,Y

भो िनरोध इतेु । उादनम ् उाद आभावो- 3U

नम ् । उििर ् उेदः बिवििर ् इथः। -Y&Y
thaḥ; J: śāstre(/°tra?) ’bhidheyārthaḥ; Tib: bstan bcos kyi brjod par

bya ba yin
P: Ø; Q: ///ñcopaśama°; F: °siva°; G: sasarva° P: Ø; C, G, J, M,
N: nirvāṇa P: Ø; A, E, F, I: sāstrasya; L: s(/ś?)āstrasya P: Ø;
C, G: prayojenan; J: prayoje(/ja?)nan; M: prayojanan; N: prayojana

I: vade A, E, H, I: om. F, K: pramāṇa; I: prāṇāma A, E,
H, I: epa P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K-M: °choka°; B, C, G, J, N:
°chroka°; D: tovacchroka°; em. by LVP (silently) M: °ārthaṃ

A, E, H: ayavārthas; C, G, M: avyayavārthas°; I: ayavārtham; N:
aveya° P: Ø; A, E, F, H, K, L: vibhakṣyate; D: vihakṣyate. The
following explanation of the words nirodha to nirgama appears in Tib

only after the discussion of the compound pratītyasamutpāda, i.e., in
§15; see Translation: Appendix IV. P: Ø; A-C, E, G-N: niruddhi;
F: mirurddhi; em. by LVP (silently) P: Ø; A, D-F, H, K, L: kṣa-
ṇabhaṅgā; C, G, M: kaṇa° I: ni≈dha N: ityucya P: Ø;
A-C, E-G, I-N: utpādenam; H: utpātenam; em. by LVP (silently)

P available as witness; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ātmabhāvānma°; M:
ātmabhāvojanaṃ; PsPL: ātmabhāvonmajjana[m ity arthaḥ], but ity

arthaḥ appears neither in the mss nor in Tib F: ucchittin A:
ucheda A, E, H: prabandhva°

शातो िनः सवकालारु ् इ ् अथ ः । एकश ् चासाव ्

अथ श ् चे ् एकाथ ऽिभाथ न पृथग ् इथः। नानाथ

1Y िभाथः पृथग ् इ ् अथः । आगितरागमो िवकृ देशाव-

*Y ितानां सिकृ देशागमनम ् । िनगितर ् िनग मः सिकृ -

देशावितानां िवकृ देशगमनम ् ॥ PsPL 5

i एितर ् गथः ितः ाथः । उपसगवशेन धाथ -

िवपिरणामात ् –

.Y उपसगण धाथ बलाद नीयते ।

गासिललमाधयु सागरेण यथासा ॥
Q: śā///; F, K: śāśvato nityarthaḥ | śāśvato Q: Ø Q: Ø; A-F,
H-N: °sarvakālasthānur; G: sarvākālasthānur; PsPL: sarvakāle

sthāṇur. LVP (PsPL 4, n. 5) suggests sarvakāle sthāsnu as a possible
original reading. Tib: dus thams cad du gnas pa Q: Ø Q:
///rthaḥ Q: cārthaś ⁘ cāsāv arthaś Q: see previous note A,

E, H, I: cet P: akārto; A, E, H, I: ekārtā F: om. A: ta
A, E, I: īty; N: i N: rthaḥ D: viprakṛṣṭadaśā° D, F, K:
saṃti°; H: saṃkṛṣṭa° A, C, E-N: nirgati; em. by LVP (silently)

M: nirgamaṃ Q: °deśāvasthināṃ; A, E, H, I: sinnikṛ° A:
°gamatāṃ; H: °gamanāṃ; I: vikṛṣṭa° A-N: prati; em. by LVP

(silently) A: prāpprarthaḥ; I: °artha; M, N: prātyarthaḥ P:
°vasena; A: °vaśema; Tib: n.e. vaśena M: °mā; Tib: n.e. artha

Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): elision of hi. P: uparggeṇa
hi; Q: u///; A, D-F, H, I, K, L: °gena hi; B, C, G, J: °geṇa hi; M: ipa-

sargeṇa hi; N: upargeṇa hi. See Translation note. Q: Ø; F: dhā-
tvarthā I: nīyatye B: °mādhūryaṃ; F, J: °mādhurya; G:

°mādhūryat; I: °mādhūryya; M: gaṅgāsariramādhuryaḥ; N: °mādhūr-
yan G: yathāṃbhameti ⁘ yathāmbhasā || iti; M: yathābha°

इित

– तीशो ऽ बः ााव ् अपेायां वतते। +Y

ु वः पिदः ाभावाथ  इित समादशः
समू ु ाभाव े %Y

ु
वतत।े तत हेतयापे ो भावानाम ् उादः तीसम-ु 'U

5 ादाथ ः ॥

iअपरे त ु वु ते – इितर ् गितर ् गमनं िवनाशः , इतौ

साधव इाः , ितर ् वीाथ इ ्एवं तिताम ् इ- ,U
PsPL: n.e. iti; Tib: zhes bshad do P: °śabdātra ⁘ °śabdo ’tra; A:

°sabdo; K: °da≈ Tib: n.e. atra A: ityabanta; B: ityabaṃtaḥ; C-
E, G, H, J-N: ityabantaḥ; F: ityebakaḥ; I: ityebanta; em. by LVP
A, E: epekṣāyā; D: ayekāyāṃ; F, K, L: epekṣāyaṃ; H: eyekṣāyā; I:
epekṣāmā F: samūt° M: yadiḥ A: pādur°; M, N: °bhā-
varthaḥ A, E, H, I: samutpādasaḥ; B, C, F, G, J-N: samutpādaśaḥ;

em. by LVP (silently) A: pradurbhāve, superscript r written
above pra°; E: pradurbhāve, possibly long ā stroke extending upward

from top of pra° (resembles 2 superscript r-s on top of each other)
Tib: n.e. ca A, E, F, H, I, K, L: °pratyayāvekṣā; D: °pratya-
yāyekṣo A, E, H, I: bhavām D: °deḥ C, G, M: °tha

A: apale F: bruvateḥ; K: bruvato Q: i///; C, G, J, M, N:
iti; I: gitir Q: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: gati; G: tatir; PsPL: om.; Tib:

’gro ba Q: Ø; F: gamana Q: Ø Q: itau, followed by ‘x’
marking point of insertion, presumably for bhavāḥ in margin (PsP
Tib: i tya ni ’gro bar rung ba dag go; AKBh: itau sādhava ityāḥ … |);
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: isau G: ityā G: prīti; H: pratī. De Jong
(1979: 29), citing PsPL 5.7 as attesting the reading prati, emends to
pratir, but PsPL 5.7 correctly reads pratir. M: vipsārtha C,
G, I, M: avan; D: aivaṃ F: taddhitātam; K: taddhitāttam


ु
शं ा ित ित इानां िवनािशनां उादः तीस-

4U ु
माद ु
इित वणयि। तेषां तीसमादं वो िभवो देश- PsPL 6

/Y ु
ियािम, यः तीसमादं पयित स धम पयती ्

$Y&U-U एवमादौ िवषये वीाथ सवात ् समाससावाच ् च
1U
0Y ाज ् ायसी िःु । इह त ु चःु ती पािण 5

चोते च ुिवानम ् इेवमादौ िवषये सााद ् अीकृ -
A, E: ityaśabda; H: ityaśabdaḥ; I: ityaśabdā A, E, H, I: vyatpāya;

F: vetpādya; L: vyatpādya; K: vetyādya G: patti P: vināsinām;
C, G, J, M, N: vināsināṃ; A, E: śamutpādaḥ; B-D, F-N:
samutpādaḥ; PsPL: samutpāda A: °pada; G, H: pratitya°; PsP :

L
om.; Tib: rten cing ’brel par ’byung ba H, N: teṣā A, H:
pratitya°; N: pratīsamut° A-C, E-N: bodhi; em. by LVP on the
basis of Tib: khyed la D, F: bhikṣuvo A, E, H, I, K, L: pra-

tāṃtya°; F: pratāṃtyapādraṃ; G: °pāda A, B, E, H, L, M:
paśyaṃti; C, F, G, I-K, N: paśyanti; em. by LVP (silently) A, E,
H, I: om. F, G, I: dharma; H: dharmma B, M: paśyaṃtīty; F:

paśyatit; G: paśyantīty; H: paśyatīt; I: paśyantity F: evamārdo;
H: eva ādau A, E, H, I, K: viṣaya; F: viṣayā D: vīp-
sārthaṃsya; F: vīpsyārthasya; H: vip° A, E, H: saṃbhāvāt

Q: samāśa°; A, E, F, H, L: samāsasahāvāc; D: °bhāvoc; M: samā-
sasabhāvāc; N: samāsa, then repeats from viditāviparītaprajñā-

pāramitānīteḥ up to and including anekārtham anānārtham anāgam
(sic) anirggamaṃ | ya, after which the text continues with sadbhāvāc;
em. by LVP (silently) C, G, M: sāt A, B, E, F, H, I, K, L:
kāyaśī; C, G, M: jyāpaśī; D, J, N: jyāyaśī; em. by LVP (silently)

A, C, E-G, J-N: vyatpattiḥ; H: vyaktantiḥ; I: vyatpatti; em. by LVP
(silently) A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ihaca; D: ihe D, F: tuc D:

cakṣaḥ; F: cakṣu; I: cakṣu A, C, E, F, H, J-L, N: vātpadyate; D,
M: vot°; G, I: cātpadyate; em. by LVP (silently) D: °nem

H: viṣaya F: sākṣā

ताथ िवशेष े चःु तीेित तीश एकचिरियहे
ु ु
तका-

याम ् अ ् एकिवानोाव ् अभीायां कुतो वीाथ ता । *U

PsPL 7 ाथ स ्  ् अनीकृ ताथिवशेष े ऽिप तीशे सवित

ु
ा सवः ती समाद इित , अीकृ ताथिवशेष े ऽिप )Y

5 सवित चःु ती चःु ा चरु ् अपेिे त

ाानात ् । तिताे चेशे च ुः ती पािण .U(Y
F: kṣīkṛtārthaviśeṣe; G: agīkṛtārtha°; H: añjikṛ° A, B, E, F, I, K,

L: pratītyetī; H: pratīteti; Tib: migs dang gzugs la brten nas (= cakṣuḥ
pratītya rūpaṃ ca) ⁘ cakṣuḥ pratītya A, E, I: tyaśarbde; H:
tyeśabde; G: prātītyeśabde; C, M: pratītyeśabde Q: °hetukā///; C,
G, J, M, N: °kāmām Q: Ø Q: ///tpattāv; A: akavijñānotbattāv;

J, C: °vijñānotpajñāv; E, H, I, K, L: aka°; G, M: °vijñānotpājñāv; N:
°vijñānotprajñāv; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, F, H, I, K, L: kutā;
C, G, J, M, N: kṛto; D: kūṭo; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I, K,
L: vipsārthata; F: vipsarthataḥ; C, G, J, M, N: vip°; em. by LVP

(silently) F: anaṅgi° A, E, H, I, L: pri; D: di; F: dhi (?); K:
prī (?) Tib: rten cing ’brel par ’byung ba’i sgra la ⁘ pratī-
tyaśabde A: °bhavatī; G: °bhaveti; N: sambhati H: itiḥ
C, G, M: °kṛtārthavipa; F, K: agī°; J, N: °kṛtārthaviṣe G: yi
D: °veti G: cakṣu; I: om. I: om. C, M: caḥ; D:
cakṣu; G: vaḥ G: prāpyavac C, G, J, M, N: cakṣu; L:
cakṣun; em. by LVP (silently) A: apekṣotu; D: apekṣyaṃti; C, G,

J, M, N: pekṣyeti; em. by LVP: prekṣyeti, LVP’s Cambridge ms (= ms
L) bears the correct reading; Tib: ltos nas zhes. Tib: mig dang gzugs
la brten nas mig dang gzugs phrad cing mig dang gzugs la ltos nas
zhes ⁘ cakṣuḥ pratītya cakṣuḥ prāpya cakṣur apeksyeti P:
vyākhyā syāt; A, F: vyākhyātāta; D: vyākhyānosyāt; E, H, I, K, L:

°nāta; Tib: bshad pa’i phyir D: taddhitaunte A: catye°; B,
E, F, H, I, K, L: catya°; C, G, M: catyacakṣuśabdeḥ; I: casaśabde; N:

caśabde; em. by LVP (silently) C, G, M: see previous note; I:
cakṣu F: rūpāśi

,Y चोते चिवु ानम ् इ ् अ तीसायाभावात ्

+U समासासावाच ् च िवभितु ौ सां चःु तीं

्
िवानं पािण चेित पाठः ात।् न च ैतद ् एवम ् इ अ-

%U ु
यैव ब िर ्अपु ेया ॥
i यस त् ु 5

वीाथात ्ु
पसग ैतेः ाथ ात ् समाद- ु

श च सवाथ ात ् तांस ् तान ् यान ् ती
A: potpadyate; C, G, M: ropadyate; E, H, I: ṣotpadyate; F, K, L:

votpadyate; J, N: copadyate; em. by LVP (silently) Q: cakṣur-
vijñā/// Q: Ø Q: Ø; D: atre; M: utra Q: ///syāvyayatvābhā-

vāt P: °sadbhāvā(c); A, E, H, L: °hāvāc; D: °sadbhāvāṣ; M: °sat-
bhāvāc P: (ca); D: ṭha A, E, H: tibhaktiḥśrutau; I: tibhakti°
D: śatyāṃ; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: satyaṃ A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om.
P: (pratīty).; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om. A-C: nipātaḥ; D: yāteḥ
(not pāteḥ as de Jong [1978: 29] records; de Jong suggests the

emendation pāṭhaḥ, following Tib ’don pa); E, F, H-N: nipātaḥ; G:
nipāta; LVP (PsPL 7, n. 5) retains the reading nipātaḥ found in his mss
but notes Tib’s pāṭhaḥ as a “leçon au moins aussi vraisemblable.”
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ta K: evaṃm; N: evas A, E, H, I: avā-
ya°; C, G, M, N: avyayasyava P: ityupeyā; D, M, N: atyupeyā; F:

atyupiyā; H: abhyupeya F, G: vipsyārthatvāt; A-C, E, H-M: vip°;
N: vipsārthatvān; em. by LVP (silently) A, B, E, F, H, I, K: °ete;
D: pratyeyasargasya° A, E, F, H, K, L, M: prārthatvāt; I: prārtha-

tvātta D: °sye A, B, D-F, H, I, K-N: va; em. by LVP (silent-
ly) N: °ārthatvār≈ G, M: tās; H: stāṃs P: +ān+; C, G,
M: tāvat; A, B, E, F, K, L: tāṃn F: pratyanpratītyayān; I: pratye-

yān

PsPL 8 ु
समादः ा सव इ ् एके । ित ित िवनािशनाम ्

उादः तीसम ्
ु ाद इ अे ॥

्  षणम ् अिभधे , त परपान-ु
इित पराानम अनू

वादाकौशलम ् एव तावत ् साते । िकं कारणम।् यो िह &Y

5 ाथ तीशं ाचे, नासौ ितं वीाथ ाचे , 1Y3Y

ना ् एितं ाथम ् । िकं तिह । ितं ाथ म ् एितं -Y

ु च तीशं ााव ् एव वण यित ॥
च गथ समिदतं
Q: samutpāda/// Q: Ø Q: Ø; I: sabhava Q: ///ty A, E,

F, H, I, K, L: ake; D: eka N: pati C, G, M: om. A, E, H, I,
L; vitāśinām; C, G, J, N: vināsinām; M: vināsi≈ām; em. by LVP (si-
lently) A, E: enya; I: ene A, E, H, L, M: anudya I: ≈ūṣa-
ṇam; N: dūṣ P: a̝(bh)idha.e; A-C, E-G, J-N: ahidhatte; D: abhi-
dhaste; I, H: ahidhante; em. by LVP (silently) P: [3].ān.°; A, E, F,

H, K, L, N: parakṣānu°; G, M: parapakṣānavā°; I: parakṣānuvādāḥ-
kauśalam; em. by LVP (silently) A: evat A: om.; D: tāvata-
na A: saṃbhāveteḥ; G: sabhāvyate; E, H, I: saṃbhāvyateḥ
F: prātyarthaṃ Tib: rten cing ’brel par ’byung ba’i sgra ⁘
pratītyaśabdaṃ M: pratī A, C, E, G, H, J, M, N: vip°; F, I:
vipsārtha Tib: ma yin ⁘ na ... vyācaṣṭe C, G, N: nāṣy

P: +t+; A, E, H, J-L: e || te; B: ate; C, G, I, M, N: a || te; F: e te; em.
by LVP (silently) F: prāptyārtha I: ki P: (t)a̞+h+; A, E,

F, H, I, K, L: tahi A: prati Q: prāp///; A, E, F, H, I, K: prā-
ptyārtham; C, G, M: prāptyarthaṃm P: (e)t+; Q: Ø; A, E, F, H, I,

K: atiṃś; B, C, J, M: atiṃ; L, N: atiñ; PsPL: om.; Tib: ’brel par
P: (c)a; Q: Ø; PsP : om.; Tib: zhing Q: Ø; D, F, I: gatyartha;
L
PsPL: om.; Tib: ’gro ba’i don yin A: pratityaśabda; E, H, I, K, L:
°śabda; F: pratyatīśabda; G: pratitya° D: prāptov A, C, E-I,
K-N: e; D: eta; em. by LVP (silently) K: carṇṇayati

/U ु
तेन ेदान ा सवः ती समाद ु
इेव ं ािदते
न

*Y ु
तीसमादशे
न यिद िनरवशेषसिवपदाथपरामश

$U,U िववितः , तदा तां तां ु
हेतयसाम ा सवः

0U ु ाद इित वीासः ियते । अथ
ती सम िवशेष-

परामशः , तदा चःु ा पािण चेित न वीायाः 5

ु
स इित। एवं तावद ् अनवादाकौशलम ् आचाय॥

.Y i ु
एतायं चःु ती पािण चोते चिव
ु ा-

्
नम ् इ अोभयाथा
िभसासवात ् ॥
A, E, H, I: tenedānī H: saṃbhava; I: sabhavaḥ P: Ø; A, E, H,

I, K, L: ityedaṃ P: Ø; C, M: vyatpādi | tena; G: vyatpādi || tena; J:
vyatpyaditena, vertical line above te; N: vyatpādite | na; A, E, F,
H, I, K, L: °samupādaśabdana; M: pratyasamutpāda° A, E, F, H,
I, K, L: ya; D: padi; N: p(?)adi Em. with LVP (LVP emends
silently): °śo; P, Q: °ṣo; A-E, G, H, J-N: °ṣo; F: nina...ṣo; I: °vipa-

dārthapārāmarṣo A-M: vivarjitas; N: vivarjjitas; Tib: brjod par
’dod pa; em. by LVP (silently) P: Ø; C, G, J, M, N: tadās P:
Ø; A, E, H, I, K, L: tāṃ to; F: tāṃ tī; G: tāṃ tā P: Ø; A, C, E-N:
°grī; em. by LVP (silently) A: tipsā°; C, E-L, N: vip°; M: vivsā-

sam≈andhaḥ; em. by LVP (silently) Q: kri///; A: triyate; I: kriye-
teḥ; J: krīyate Q: Ø; F: artha Em. with LVP (LVP emends
silently): °śaḥ; P: °ṣas; Q: ///parāmarṣas; A, B, C, E-N: °ṣas; D: °ma-

rṣaṃs Tib: brten nas (pratītya) ⁘ prāpya A: ta A, E, K,
L: vip°; F: viptyāyā; H, I: vipsāyā P: °nu° (the preceding akṣara
is damaged); A, E: °kauśam; D: enu°; H, I: °kausam; N: °kośalam
P: Ø; A-C, E, G, H, J-N: etad vāyukta kiṃ ca ayuktaṃ etat; D: eted
vāmuktaṃ kiṃ ca ayuktaṃ et; F: yatad vāyukta kiṃ ca ayuktaṃ

etata; I: etad vāyukta kiṃ cakṣu ayuktaṃ etat (most of the manu-
scripts place a daṇḍa after vāyukta[ṃ]); PsPL: etad vā [a]yuktaṃ, kiṃ
ca, ayuktaṃ etat; Tib: de yang mi rung ste. See Translation note.

PsPL 9 इित यं षणं तदिप नोपपते। िकं कारणम ।् कथमसव +Y

ु नपादान
इित य ु ेन ितामाात ॥्

i ्
अथायम अिभायः ात ् – अिपाद ् िवान चषा
ु %Y'Y

ािर ् नाि िपणामेव तािदशनाद ् इ ् एतद ् अिप
F, K: cakṣu P: Ø; A, C, E, F, H-J, L, N: cakṣuvi°; D: °nem

Em: atrobhayārthābhisambandhāsambhavāt. P: .(obh)a̞yārthābhi-
sambandhā(s)a̞+bha̞(vād) (the first akṣara is damaged); Q: atrobha-
yathābhisambandhāsambhavād; A, E, I, L: atrohayārthābhisaṃban-
dhāsatavād; B: atrāhayārthābhisaṃbaṃdhāsaṃbhavād; C, J, M:
atrāhayārthābhisaṃbhavād; D: atrā | bhayārthābhisambandhāsam-
bhavād; F, K: atrohayārthābhisaṃbaṃdhāsatavād; G: atrāhayathā-
bhisaṃbhavād; H: atrohayārthābhisaṃbandhvāśatavād; N: as C,
°sambhavād; PsPL: atrārthadvayāsaṃbhavāt. LVP (PsPL 8, n. 7)
records Paris (= M) and Calcutta (= N) as attesting atrāha yārthābhi-
sambhavād but misreads Cambridge (= L) as atrāha yārthābhisam-
bandhād. Tib: ’di la don gnyi ga med pa’i phyir.
Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): ceti/vati/veti not included. P:
⊗, the lower parts of two akṣaras are visible after iti (the reading iti is
uncertain due to damage) before serious damage to the leaf begins.
The remains of the akṣaras could indicate a c/v and a t, and there is a
vertical line prior to the t suggesting ti; Q: iti ceti; A, E, F, I, K, L: iti
vati; B-D, G, J, M, N: iti veti; H: iti cati; PsP Tib: n.e. ceti/vati/veti.
G: kāraṇa P: ⊗; A-C, E, F, H-L, N: katham anava tetprāpte saṃ-
bhava; D: katham anameva tetprāpte saṃbhava; G: katham anava

tetprāpte sabhava; M: katham anava teprāpte saṃbhava; conj. by
LVP: katham an[enai]va tatprāpte[ḥ] saṃbhava; Tib: ji ltar med. See
Translation note. Q: yu///; B, J, N: yuktyunu°; C: puktyunu°; D:
yuktyenu°; A, E, H, I: yukatyanu°; F: yuktatyanu°; G: yu≈tyanu°; K:

yukutyanu°; M: yuktyanutpā° Q: ///jñāmātratvāt F: abhipraya
H: syāṭh A, E, F, H, L: anupitvād; K: anūpitvād I: prāpti
D: nāsthi P: ta̞t*(pr)ā̞[1]°; A-C, E-N: tatprāpta°; em. by LVP
(silently) P: t(y) (the preceding akṣara is damaged); D: it P:


)U ु म,् ाफलो ऽयं िभिर
न य ु ्
अिप ्
ापु गमात ॥

i ाश चापेशपयायात ।् ााथ ैव आचा-

(U&U यनागाजनु ने तीश
(et)a̞[1]; A, C, E-N: adād; B: atad; em. by LVP (silently)

A, E, H, I: na yu P: Ø; E, H, I, L: prāptya° A: ya; I: om.
Em. by LVP (silently): atrāpi; LVP’s emendation ostensibly based
on Tib which attests ’dir (G, N, P) and ’di la (C, D). Tib: n.e. api.
A, E, F, H, L: prāptyatyupagamāta; B-D, J, M, N: prāptyatyupaga-
māt; G: prāptyutyupatamāt; K, I: °māta; em. by LVP (silently) D:

prāptośabdasya I: capekṣa°; A, B, E, F, J-L: capekṣya°; C, G, M:
capakṣya°; H: capekṣe°; N: capekṣyaśabdasyacapekṣyaparyāyatvāt;

em. by LVP (silently) Q: prāptyarthasya caiva; D: prārppyartha-
syaiva; A, E, H: prāpyārthasyeva; I: prāpyārthasyava; em. by LVP:

prāptyarthasyaiva. See Translation note. Tib: phrad nas zhes bya ba’i
sgra yang ltos nas zhes bya ba’i sgra’i rnam grangs yin pa’i phyir
dang | rten cing ’brel par zhes bya ba’i sgra ni | … zhes slob dpon klu
sgrub kyis kyang phrad nas zhes bya ba’i don nyid du zhal gyis bzhes
pa’i phyir ro ||. LVP (PsPL 9, n. 2) reconstructs the Skt of Tib’s phrad
nas zhes bya ba don nyid du as prāpyetyarthasya eva but the
translators have on occasion in this section taken the liberty of add-
ing zhes bya ba for the sake of clarity; cf., e.g., earlier on in this same
sentence where prāpyaśabdasya has been translated as phrad nas zhes
bya ba’i sgra and apekṣyaśabda° has been translated as ltos nas zhes
bya ba’i sgra; cf. also the following paragraph’s pratītyasamutpāda-
śabdayoḥ, which has been translated as rten cing ’brel par zhes bya
ba dang ’byung ba zhes bya ba’i sgra gnyis. B-N: ācāryāryanā-
gārjunainaṃ; A: ācāryāryanāgārjunenaṃ; em. by LVP (silently):

ācāryāryanāgārjunena; Tib: slob dpon klu sgrub kyis kyang. A:
pratitya°; H: pratīta°

तत ् तत ् ा यद ् उं नों तत ् भावतः । 4Y

्
इ अ ु
पगमाद ् षणम ् अिप नोपपत इपरे ॥

iयच ्
चािप मतं वािपतम ्

िकं तिह । अिन ् सतीदं भव ् अोादाद ् इदम ् -U,Y

5 ु
उत इतीदयताथ ः तीसमादाथ ः

PsPL 10 ु
इित तदिप नोपपते, तीसमादशयोः ेकम ् अथ- *U

िवशेषानिभधानात ् ताद
ु च िववितात ् ॥ 1U
M: ta Q: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ta; M: hat Q: Ø; A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: pya; C: pāpya Q: Ø; N: yad yad Q: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L:
utpanna Q: ///tpannan; A-C, E-N: om.; conj. by LVP: [notpan-
naṃ]. The verse-half (= YṢ 19ab) is repeated in §13. Q: tat tat;
D: tet D: svābhāvat C, M: atyupagapagamād; D: atyupamāt;

F: atyupa°; G: utyupagapagasād; I: ebhyupa° H: dūyaṇam; I:
dūṣaṇaṃm; M: duṣ°; conj. by LVP: [tato] dūṣaṇam; Tib: des na skyon

A, E, F, K, L: nāpapadyata; C, G, J, M: papadyate; H: nāpapayata;
N: padyate; em. by LVP (silently) F: ityepare N: svemataṃ

I: vevasthāpitam A, C-N: tarjy; em. by LVP (silently) A,
B, E, F, H-L: saṃtīdaṃ; C, G, M, N: santi; F: saṃtidaṃ; em. by LVP

(silently) D: bhevati P: (a)+(y)+(t)°; Q: asyaivotpādād; A,
E, H, L: asyet°; F, K: asyat°; N: asyotpādad; Tib: ’di skyes pa’i phyir

P: [2](m); A-C, E, F-N: im; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H:
upadyata; I: upayeta A: itidaṃpratyaya°; B, D: °tārthaṃ; C, G, J,

M, N: °tārtham; E, F, H, I, K, L: °tārtha; em. by LVP (silently)
E, H, I: °thaṃ D: °śabdaryāḥ C, G, J, M, N: pratyakam
A-C, E-N: °viśeṣānavidhānāt; D: viśeṣānāṃvadhānāt; em. by LVP
(silently) A, E, F, H, I, K, L: tadyu°; M: tatmutpādasya Q:
vivakṣi///; C, G, J, M, N: vivarjitatvāt; D: vivarj(?)itatvāt; em. by

LVP: vivakṣitatvāt. LVP (PsPL 10, n. 1) records, “Mss. vivarjitatvāt,”
but Cambridge (= L) clearly reads vivakṣitatvāt; Tib: brjod par ’dod

i अथािप ु
िढशं तीसमादशम ् अपु ेारये-

ितलकािदवद ् एवम ् उते, तदिप नोपपम ,् अवयवाथान-ु

/Y ु
गम ैव तीसमादशाचाय
ण
pa’i phyir. De Jong (1978: 29) argues: “In spite of T read as Mss. and
R. Candrakīrti accuses Bhāvaviveka of not having analysed the
expression pratītyasamutpāda.” Ms D’s (= de Jong’s ms R’s) j of vi-
varjitatvāt is, however, somewhat strangely formed, unlike the more
typical j found, e.g., in jāti, jarā, etc., of D’s fol. 3r, line 2. Given that
j and kṣa are often confused in Nepalese-script mss, D’s j of vivarji-
tatvāt could be the mangled remains of a kṣa, to which a superscribed
r has been added. Although ms J recorded vivarjitatvāt, ms L, also
descended from ms λ, read and copied vivakṣitatvāt, as did ms B
which descends, together with ms λ, from ms κ. I think it can further
be assumed that Candrakīrti asserts that an analysis was intended by
Bhāviveka because Bhāviveka commenced his discussion of the
compound pratītyasamutpāda with the presentation of two different
analyses of the compound.
Q: Ø Q: ///ḍhi°; D: ruti°; I: rūnḍhi° H: °śabdayom; I: pratī-
samupādāśabdam A, E, L: atyupetyāraṇyetitisakādivad; B:
abhyupetyāraṇyetitilakādivad; C, M: apyupetyārathetitilakādivad; D:
atyupetyāraṇyetitilekādivad; F, K: atyūpetyāraṇyetititsakādivad; G:
apyayetyārathetitilakādivad; H: atyuyetyāraṇyetitisakādivad; I: atyu-
tyāraṇyotitisakādid; J, N: apyupetyāraṇyetitilakādivad; em. by LVP
(silently) Q: tta in the upper margin and an insertion-point ‘x’
after the akṣara va of °āraṇyetilakādivad appear to indicate the read-

ing tad evaṃ; B: eyam; Tib: de skad du (n.e. tad) A: nāpapannem;
C, D, E, G-J, L, M: nopapannem; F, K: nopapattem; N: nopannem;
em. by LVP (silently) A, B, E, H-J, L, N: °gatasyaiva; C, G, M:
avayavārthānagatasyaiva; D: evayavārthānugatasyaiva; F: avaya-

vārthāmūgatasyaiva; K: avayavārthamūgatasyaiva; PsPL: avayavār-
thānugatasyaiva P: pratītyasamutpādasyā°; A, E, H, K, L: pratī-
tyasamutpādasyācāryaṇa; B-D, F, G, J, N: pratītyasamutpādasyā°; I:

pratītyasamutpādasyācārjyena; M: pratītyasamutpādasyāvāryeṇa;

् ् ा यद ् उं नों तत भावतः।
तत तत ्

्
इ अ ु
पगमात ्
॥

iअथ

अिन ् सतीदं भवित े दीघ यथा सित।

5 इित ाायमान ेन नन ु तद ् एवापगतं
ु भवित ं .U$Y

ती ं ा म ् अपे दीघ भवतीित।

ु
तत यदेव ते, तद ् एवापगत ु
इित न य ते इ ् 0Y+U
PsPL: pratītyasamutpādasya ācāryeṇa; Tib: rten cing ’brel par ’byung

ba’i sgra ni slob dpon
A, I: tan I: d A: om. A, D, E, F, H, L: etyupa°; B, M:
atyupa°; K: ebhyupa°; N: abhyupamāt; em. by LVP (silently) Q:
n.e. atha; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: atho; Tib: ci ste P: asmina; A, E, F,

H, I, K, L: smiṃ A: satidaṃ; E: satīṃdaṃ; F: satīndaṃ; H:
sayīṃdan; I: saṃtīdan A, E: ntavati; D, F: bhavatī; H, I: tavati

D: sva G, I: dīrga A: i; G: ti P: khyāyamānena, vyā
appears to have been erased P: tu; A-E, G-N: nutu; F: tūtu; em.
by LVP (silently); Tib: ci ste … zhes bya bas ’chad par byed pas ni
thung ngu dang phrad cing thung ngu la brten te | thung ngu la ltos
nas ring por’gyur ro zhes de nyid khas blangs par ’gyur ro F, M:
evātyupa°; I: evaḥbhyu° A, E, H, I: bhavatā; F, K: bhavatī; L:
bhavatī(?) A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om. Q: pra///; A, E, F, H, I, K,

L: om.; N: pratībya Q: Ø Q: Ø; D: prāpye; C, G, M: repeat
hrasvaṃ prāpya; Tib: thung ngu dang phrad cing thung ngu la brten
(reverses hrasvaṃ pratītya hrasvaṃ prāpya) Q: ///m A, E, F,
I, K: epekṣya; H: epyakṣya; L: epekṣyaṃ A, C, E-N: dīrgha; em.
by LVP (silently) Tib: n.e. ca Tib: n.e. eva D, M: evā-
tyu°; F: evotyu°; I: evābhapagameta; N: °gamya

अलं सेन ॥

i तदेव ं ु
हेतयापें भावानाम ् उादं पिरदीपयता भग-

%U े हेतिु वषमहेतसू
वता अहेक ु तं परोभयकृ तं च भा-

वानां िनिषं भवित । तिषेधाच ् च सांवत
ृ ानां पदाथानां

,U&Y यथावितं सांवत ृ ं पम ् उािवतं भवित। स एवेदान 5

सांवत ु
ृ ः तीसमादः ु
भावेनानाद ् आयानापेया PsPL 11

नािन ् िनरोधो िवते यावन ् नािन ् िनगमो िवत
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: anaṃ I: prasargena Tib: de’i phyir de ltar

na ’dir ⁘ tad evaṃ A, E, H, I, K: °āpekṣyaṃ; C, M: hetupāpa-
kṣaṃ; G: hetupāyakṣaṃ A, H: bho° A: utpodaṃ A, E, F,

H, I, K, L: bhagavetā G: ahetvekehetu°; H: °viṣamahetusabhū°;
J: °viṣamehetu°; Tib: rgyu med pa nyid dang | rgyu gcig pu nyid

dang | mi mthun pa’i rgyu las byung ba nyid A: svaparobhaya-
kṛṃtatve; B, C, E, G-N: °kṛtatve; D: kṛtetvaṃ; F:

svaparābhayakṛtatve; em. by LVP (silently) A-N: va; em. by LVP
(silently) Q: bhāvānā; E: bhāvātā; A, F, H, I, K, L: bhāvānā
A, E, H, I, K, L: bhevati A, E, F, H, K, L: °ṣedhā; I: tantiṣedhā
A, C-I, L-N: va; em. by LVP (silently) C, J, M, N: sāvṛ°; G, I:
sāvṛtānā G, H, I: °nā Q: yath///; F: yathāvasvitaṃ Q: Ø

A, E, L: uhāvitaṃ; F: uhārvitaṃ; H: umuhāvitaṃ; M: utbhā°
I: su C, J: eva°; D: evedānāṃ; A, E, I: evedānī; G, M:
evadānī; N: evadānīn I: savṛtaḥ; A-C, E-H, J-M: saṃvṛtaḥ; D:
sāṃvṛteḥ; N: samvṛtaḥ; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, K, L:
ārdya°; H: ārdyajñānāpyekṣayā; I: ārdyajñātāpekṣayā D: nosmin;

M: nāsmi M: rodho C, F, G, J-M: yāva; N: om.; em. by LVP
(silently) D: nosmin; K, L: nāsmi; N: om. D, K: nirgamā;
N: om. N: om.

इ ् अिनरोधािदिभर ् अिभर ् िवशेषण ैर ् िविशते । यथा च -Y

िनरोधादयो ु
न सि तीसमाद , तथा सकलेन *Y3U

शाेण ितपादियित । अनिवशेषणसवे ऽिप ती-

ु
समादाानाम ् एवोपादानम ् एषां ाधाेन िववादा-

5 भूतात ् ॥ )Y

ु च सायाणाम ् अिभ-
i यथाविततीसमाददश
ने

धानािभधेयािदलण प सवथोपरमात ् पानाम ्
P: anni°; A, C-E, G, J-L, N: anirodhādibhin; B: anirodhādibhirn; F:

enirodhādibhin; H: aniradhedibhin; I: anīro°; M: a≈irodhādibhin; em.
by LVP (silently) A, C, E-L: aṣṭabhi; M: aṣṭābhi A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: °ṣaṇai Q: vviśeṣyate Tib inserts the word explanation
block that appeared earlier in Skt (§5) immediately before this

sentence beginning with yathā ca. A-N: va; em. by LVP (silently);
Tib: n.e. ca A, E, F, H, I, K, L: °dayā A, E, F, J, H, K, L, N:
pratīta°; I: pratita° A-C, E-N: sakale; em. by LVP (silently) of

sakale to sakala, interpreted as the initial element of the compound
sakalaśāstreṇa Q: śāstre, with a small ‘x’ inserted between stre
and the next akṣara pra; a ṇa akṣara is, however, not written in the
margin Q: pratipādayiṣ///; D: pratipratipādayiṣyati Q: ///ṇa-
sambhave; A-C, E-M: °viśeṣeṇa°; D: ananteviśeṣeṇa°; N: °viśe-
ṣoṇa°; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, F, I, K, L: yi; H: ya B:
°āṣṭānās; F, H: °āṣṭānom; N: °āṣṭonām A-N: evā°; em. by LVP

(silently) Tib: di dag kho na ⁘ eṣāṃ A: prathānona; I: pra-
dhānyana A, E, F, H, I, K, L: vivādāgabhū°; C, G, M: virā-
dāṅga°; N: virādānam eṣāṃ pradhānyona vicādāṃgabhūtatvāta; em.

by LVP (silently) P: °pratīsamutpāda°; Q: °samutpādarśane; A,
E, F, I, K, L: °samutpādarśanena; B, C, G, J, M, N: °samutpādadarśa-
nena; H: yathāpasthi...nena; em. by LVP (silently) A-C, E-N:
om.; PsPL: om.; Tib: n.e. Q: abhidhānābhidheyalakṣaṇasya; A-C,

E-N: om. abhidhāna; PsPL: om. abhidhāna; Tib: brjod bya dang rjod

(Y उपशमो ऽििित स एव तीसमादः ु पोपशम

1Y ु । िचच ैानां च ति ् अवृौ ानेयवहार-
इते

िनवृा जाितजरामरणािदिनरवशेषोपवरिहताच ् िछवः ।

.Y/U ु
यथािभिहतिवशेषण तीसमाद देशनाियया ईि-

ततमात ् कमणा िनदशः ॥ 5
+Y,Y ु
iअिनरोधमनादमन ु दम
े ्अशातम।्
byed dang | mtshan nyid dang mtshon bya la sogs pa. See Translation
note. N: prapañca: Tib: spros pa rnams ⁘ prapañcasya E, H,
I: °paramātā; M: °thopamāt A: prapañconām; B, C, E, F, H, J, L-
N: prapaṃcovām; G, I: prapañcāvām; K: prapaṃcocām; em. by LVP
(silently)
N: pratīsamutpādaṃḥ A, E, F, G, I, K, L: prapañcā°; H: pra-
paṃcā° Q: °caittān///; A-M: °caityānāṃ; N: °caityānāñ; em. by

LVP (silently) Q: Ø; A: cetī; B, C, E-N: ce; em. by LVP (silently)
Q: Ø; E, F, H, I, L: tasmint; K: tasmitt Q: Ø; J: apravṛtto A:
°jñeyevyavahāraṇivṛtte; B, F, K: °jñayavyavahāranivṛtye; C, G, J:
°jñayavyavahāranivṛtyo; D: °jñayavyavahāranivṛtyā; E, H: °jñeye-
vyavahāraṇivṛtye; I: °jñeyevevahāraṇivṛttau; L: °jñayavyavahāna-
nivṛtye; M: °tto; N: °nivṛtyo; em. by LVP (silently): °nivṛttau; Tib:
shes pa dang shes bya’i tha snyad log pa’i sgo nas A: °rahitotyā;
E, I, K: °rahito | tyā; F: °ādininavaśeṣopudravarahitotvāc; G: °ādi-

nivaravaśeṣo°; H: °rahitāṃ | tyā; L: °rahitoḥtyā; N: °rahitattvon; Tib
adds na ba after its translation for jarā A: chivavaṇa; C, G, J, M:
chiva; E, F, K, L: chivaṇa; H: chivaṇaṃ; I: chivana A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: °viśeṣaṇayā; D: yathābhihite° F: om. pratītyasamutpāda-
sya deśanākriyayā īpsitatamatvāt karmaṇā nirdeśaḥ || anirodham

anutpādam anucchedam aśāśvatam | anekārtham anānārtham anāga-
mam anirgamam || yaḥ; N: °samupā A, C-E, G, H, J-N: ipsi°; I:
ipsitasatvāt; em. by LVP (silently) G: nideśaḥ


्
अन ेकाथम अनानाथ म ् अनागमम अिनगमम
् ्
॥

ु
यः तीसमादं पोपशमं िशवम ।्

ु ् तं वे
देशयामास सस

PsPL 12 इित ॥

5 यथोपविणततीसम ु ादावगमाच ् च तथागतैवैका- %Y$U&U
'U
िवपरीताथ वािदं पयन ् सवपरवादांश ् च बाललापान ् 0U
M: anārtham N: arggamaṃ M, N: °da P: prapa-
ñcopasamaṃ; Q: copaśamaṃ; A: prayavopaśama; E: prayavopa°; F:

prapaṃcā°; G: prayaṃco°; H, L: prayaco°; I: prayacopaśama; K:
prapaco° Q: Ø Q: ///sa; A, E, H, I, K, L: deśayāsa; F:
daśayāsa; N: deśayāmā E, F, H, I, K, L: saṃbuddhaṃs A, E, I:

tuṃ A, E, F, H, I, K, L: saṃvaṃddha; em. by LVP (silently):
deśayāmāsa saṃbuddhas taṃ vande vadatāṃ varam, obviously on the
basis of Tib’s spros pa nyer zhi zhi bstan pa || rdzogs pa’i sangs rgyas
smra rnams kyi || dam pa de la phag ’tshal lo ||. vadatāṃ varam
appears in the Skt mss only at the end of the following sentence; it is
also attested there in Tib. The Tibetan translators included smra
rnams kyi || dam pa here in the verse because, unlike in Skt, where
vadatāṃ varam follows vande, smra rnams kyi || dam pa appears
before phyag ’tshal lo. Skt vadatāṃ varam merely completes the
quotation; the Tib verse could hardly have been left without the
phrase preceding phyag ’tshal lo. PsPL: om. Q: yathopavar-
ṇṇina°; B: yathopavanīta°; C, G, J, M, N: yathopavaṇita°; I: °prātī-
tyasamutpādāgamāc D: vate; Tib: n.e. ca A, E, F, H, K, L:
tathāgatasyevai...ditva; D: tathāgatasmaivaikasyāpiparī°; C, G, J, M:
°voditva; I: °ditvā; N: °tva; em by LVP (silently) F: °pon; N:
pralopān

ु
इवावेातीव सादानगत आचाय भूयो भगवं िवशेषयित –

वदतां वरम॥्
इित॥

*U-U च िनरोध पूव ितषेध उादिनरोधयोः पौवा-
i अ

पयवायाः िसभावं ोतियतम ु ् । वित िह – 5

पूव जाितर ् यिद भवेज ् जरामरणम ् उरम ् ।

िनजरामरणा जाितर ् भवेज ् जायेत चामृतः ॥
A, E, H, I, K, L: imāvityā°; B, J, N: imāvetyā°; C, G, M imāvatyā°;

F: isāvityā°; em by LVP (silently) D: pramā°; F, K: prāsā° I:
viṣayeti A, E, F, H, K, L: varatāṃ; C, G, M: varatām; D: vadatom;
I: varatās I: atta A, E, F, H, I, L: va; Tib: n.e. ca F: nito-
dhasya; I: nirādhasya F: pūrva I: pratiṣpedha I: utpādati-

ro° Q: pau///ḥ; C, G, J, M: paurvāparyavasthāyāḥ; D: yaurvā-
paryavya°; N: paurvvāparyyavasthāyāḥ; em. by LVP (silently): pau-

rvāparyāvasthāyāḥ, apparently overlooking Cambridge’s (= ms L’s)
paurvāparyavyavasthāyāḥ; Tib: rnam par gzhag pa A, F: siddhā-
bhāva; G: siddhā°; E, H, I, K, L: °va; Tib: n.e. siddhi (snga phyi’i
rnam par gzhag pa med par bstan pa’i phyir ⁘ paurvāparyavyava-
sthāyāḥ siddhyabhāvaṃ dyotayitum) F: jyo°; H: dyotata itum; I:
dyetayituṃ P: ⊗; Q: vakṣati; C, G, M: vati; D: vivakṣyati

A-N: pūrva; em. by LVP (silently) F: tatir; K: tātir D:
hevaj; M: ≈avej A, E, H, I, K, L: jārā°; D: jarāmeraṇam P:

untaraṃ; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: uttamaṃ; C, G, J, M, N: om.; em. by LVP
(silently) D: jotir; A, E, F, H, I, L, M: jati P: bhave Q:
jāyet; D: jāyate; H: jayata; N: jāyeka A, E, F, H, I, K, L: vāmṛta-
vā; B, D, G, J, M, N: vāmṛta; em. by LVP

्
इित। तान नायं िनयमो यत पू् वम ् न भिवतं पान ्
 उादे

िनरोधेन ेित ॥

i इदानीम ् अिनरोधािदिविशतीसम
ु ादितिपपादियष-

योादितषेधने िनरोधािदितषेधसौकय ममान आचायः 4U

5 थमम ् एवोादितषेधम ् आरभते । उादो िह परैः पिर-

ु
कमानः तो वा पिरकेत परत उभयतो ऽहेततो ,U
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: tāyaṃ A: ti; E, H, I: ni D: utpādeva; I:
utpādyana A: bhavitavitavya; E, F, H, I, K, L: °vya A-C, E-L,

N: yaścān P: virodheneti; F: nironati, I: nirodhyena iti; K, L:
°nati A, E, F, H, I, K, L: idānim; M: idānīma A, E: °viśiṣṭe-
pra...prativipādapiṣayā || ut°; B: °viśiṣṭepra...pādaṃprativipādayiṣayā

|| ut°; C, G, J, L-N: °viśiṣṭepra...prativipādayiṣayā || ut°; D: °prativi-
pādayiṣayā || ut°; F: °viśiṣṭepra...prativivādayisa (space) ut°; H: °vi-
śiṣṭepra...prativipādapiṣayā || utpādapratiṣedhaṃna; I: viśiṣṭepratitya-
samutpādayiṣayā || utpāda pratiṣyedhena; K: °viśiṣṭepra...prativivā-
dayisa || ut°; em. by LVP (silently) P: °(p).a̝tiṣe(dh).°; A-C, E, H-
L: °pratiṣedhesaukaryaṃ; F: nirodhānipratiṣedhesaukayaṃ; G, M:
°pratiṣedhesaukarya; N: as A, °karyyam; em. by LVP (silently)
P: [1]nya̞°; D: yanya° P: ⊗; A, D, E, F, H, I, K, L: evāt°; Tib:
n.e. eva H: ārabhyate Tib: yang D: paraṃḥ A, E,

F, H, I, K, L: parikalpāmānaḥ; C: parikalp(?)yamānaḥ; G: parikalpa-
mānaḥ; M: parikasyamānaḥ D: vo Q: parikalpita; A: pari-
kalota; E, F, H, I, K: parikalpota; G: parikalpyata; M: parikalpeta;

PsPL: parikalpyeta; de Jong (1978: 29) emends to parikalpyate
because PsPL’s following parikalpyeta (PsPL 12.12) reads
parikalpyate in D. The optative, however, is employed by Candrakīrti
in other sentences with a similar structure, see, e.g., PsPL 138.1-2 (cp.
Tib P 52b8) and PsPL 390.13-391.2. Only when the first alternative is
taken up for discussion is the present passive employed; see PsPL
391.2-3 and PsPL 340.15-16. A, E, H, I: para; C, D, G, J, N: para-
te; M: rate Q: vobhayato vā (Q incorporates a vā after both

वा पिरकेत सवथा च नोपपत इित िनिाह –

न तो नािप परतो न ाां ना ् अहेततु ः ।

.U+U उा जात ु िवे भावाः चन के चन ॥ >00.@
PsPL 13

1U iत ्
जा इित ् ः । चनश आधा-
कदािचद ् इ अथ

रवचनः िचपयायः। के चनश आधेयवचनः के िच- 5
parataḥ and ubhayataḥ); C, G, J, M, N: ubhayo C, E-N: ’rhatuto;

em. by LVP (silently)
Q: parikalpyet; A, E, H, I: parikalpāta; D: parikalpyate; M: parika-
lpeta; Tib: rtog; de Jong (1978: 29) accepts D’s reading. A, E, H,

I: savathā Q: pi; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: va; Tib: n.e. ca F, K: topa-
padyate; I: °dyateḥ B: niścityetyāha; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: niści-
tyātyāha A, E, F, H, I, K, L: va A, E, I: vāṣy; F, K: cāpy; H:
cāṣy C, G, M: ahetutar; D: ahetu F, K: vidyate P:
bhā̞(v)ā̞+; Q: bhā/// P: (kv)a̞cana̝; Q: Ø; A, E, H, I: kvarana; D:

kvacena; M: kacata P: +e[2]; Q: Ø; A: ketvana A, E, H, I: i
P: Ø; A: kadavid; E, I: kadāvid; C, G, J, N: kādāc; M: kādāv P:
+(th).(ḥ); A, E, F, H, I, K, L: artha D: kvacena° P: ⊗; D:

°vacanā; G: °vacana P: Ø; C, G, J, M, N: om.; F: kecata°. P’s
lacuna begins with and includes the akṣara ra in ādhāravacanaḥ and

ends with, but does not include, the akṣara yaḥ in either kvaciccha-
bdaparyāyaḥ or kecicchabdaparyāyaḥ. There is space in the lacuna
for only 10 akṣaras, which could mean that P’s scribe committed the
same mistake that ms J’s scribe did, i.e., he dropped kecanaśabda
ādheyavacanaḥ kecicchabdaparyāyaḥ; alternatively, his eye may have
jumped, probably while he was writing ādhāravacanaḥ, to the vaca-
naḥ belonging to ādheyavacanaḥ. LVP places kecanaśabda ādheyava-
canaḥ kecicchabdaparyāyaḥ in square brackets in his edition and sup-
ports his conjecture with reference to Tib and to the fact that kecana
is glossed in the Tib of the ABh (cf. PsPL 13.2 and n. 1); he appears to
have overlooked that kecanaśabda and ādhecavacanaḥ (sic) are at-
tested in Cambridge (= ms L). L’s scribe, likely due to an eyeskip or

पयायः । ततश च ् ैवं सः – न ैव त उा जात ु

िवे भावाः चन के चन । एवं ितायम ् अिप यो म॥् (U&Y/Y
%U

i नन ु च न ैव त उा इ ् अवधायमाणे परत

उा इिनं ाोित। न ाोित , स ितषेध )U

5 िववितात ् परतो ऽ ्उाद ितषेमानात ् । यया *Y

चोपपा त उादो न सवित , सा
two, then wrote kvacichabdaparyāyaḥ (sic) as the final compound (he

continued on with tataś caivam). P: Ø, see previous note; A, E,
H, I, L: ādheca°; C, G, J, M, N: om.; F, K: ādhecanacataḥ; conj. by

LVP: ādheyavacanaḥ, see previous note.
P: ⊗, the sole visible akṣara yaḥ might belong to the previous kvaci-
cchabdaparyāyaḥ; A, B, E, F, H, I, K, L: kvacichabda°; C, G, J, M, N:
om.; conj. by LVP: kecicchabdaparyāyaḥ; see the previous two notes.
Tib: n.e. ca E, F, I, K, L: °dha Tib: n.e. eva P: Ø; D:
śvata; F: sva A: utpanā; F: ujyaṃnā; K: utyaṃnā P: (jā)[1];

A, C, E-L, N: tu; M: nu; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I, K: vi-
dyate A, E, H, I, N: kvacane N: cana P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I,

K, L: °tayam; D: pratijñātuyam D: nenu; F: tanu A, F, H, I,
K, L: neva; E: neca P: avadhāryamāṇa; A-C, E-H, K, L-N: eva°;
I: °dhārjyayamāṇe; J: °māne; em. by LVP (silently) M: para
D: utpanno Q: Ø Q: Ø P: [5](ṣ)edhasya; Q: ///jya°;
A, C, E, F, H, J-M: prapajya°; D, G: pravajya°; I: praparjya°; N: pra-

ṣajya°; em. by LVP (silently) P: viva(kṣ).[2]; D: vivejitatvāt
P: Ø; A, E, F, I, K, L: °sye; C: utpyā(?)dasya; G: utpyādasya; H:
°pādase A, E, F, H, I, K, L: pratiṣatsya°; C, G, M: pratimedha-
tsya°; D: pratiṣaitsya°; J, N: pratiṣedhatsya°; em. by LVP (silently);

Tib: ’gog par ’gyur P: c(o)[3]; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: cāpapastyā; B:
cā°; C: cāpe°; D: cāpayatyā; G: cāyepatyā; J, N: cāpapatyā; M: cāpe-
tyā; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: n.e. ca A, E, F, I, K, L: sabhavati;
H: cabhavati

$Y-Y ताद ् िध त भवन े न गणो ्
ु ऽि किज जात ज

ु ्एव च न ैव य
पनर ु म॥ ्

3Y इािदनावसेया ॥ PsPL 14

ु पािलतस
iआचायब ् ाह –

न त उे भावास ् तादवैयाद ् अितस- 5

,Y0Y दोषाच ् च । न िह ाना िवमानानां पदाथानां
I: tasata P: Ø; D: tesya A: bhavaine P: Ø; D: jalpa P:

Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ava; D: eve H, M: va P: (n).[1]; A-C, E-
L, N: nava, M: na; em. by LVP (silently) A, B, E, F, H-L, N: yu-
jyam; C, G, M: pujyam; D: pūjyam; em. by LVP (silently) P: ityā-

dinā ’vaśeyā; Q: ityādinā madhyakāvatārādidvāreṇāvaseyā. madhya-
kāvatārādidvāreṇā is written in Q’s lower margin and is followed by
the number ‘3’, and an ‘x’ marking the point of insertion is placed
after ityādinā (in line 3); A, E, H, L: ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādi-
dvāreśāvameyā; B, F, K: ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādidvāreṇāva-
meyā; C, J, M, N: ityādinā madhyamavakātārādidvāreṇāvameyā; D:
ityādinā madhyamakāvatārādidvāreṇovaseyā; G, I: ityādinā madhye-
mavakātārādidvāreṇāvameyā; Tib: la sogs pas dbu ma la ’jug pa la
sogs pa’i sgo nas nges par bya’o; em. by LVP (silently): ityādinā ma-
dhyamakāvatārādidvāreṇāvaseyā. See Translation note. I: ācār-
jya°; K: ācāryā° H: u P: °vaiyathyāt; A, E, H, I, L: °vai-

varyyāt; B: °vaiparyāt; C, J °vaicaryāt; D: tadutpādaparyyāt; F, K, M:
°vaivaryāt; G, N: °vaicaryyāt; em. by LVP (silently) Em. with
LVP: °doṣāc. P: °doṣā, followed by lacuna; Q: a///; A-C, J, M, N:

°doṣān; D-F, H, I, K, L: °doṣāt; G: astiprasaṅgadoṣān Em. with
LVP: ca. P, Q: Ø; A-N: om.; PsP Tib: dang; BP Tib: dang; PP Tib:
dang Q: Ø Q: Ø P: Ø; A: svātmane; B-N: °no; em. by
LVP (silently) A, H, I: vidyamonānāṃ P: Ø; Q: om.; A, E,
F, H, I, K, L: om.; D: °ṇāṃ

ु
पनादे ्
योजनमि। अथ स अिप जायेत न कदा-

िचन ् न जायेत ॥
इित॥

iअैके ्
षणम आः –

5 तद ् अयंु ु
हेताानिभधानात ् परोदोषापिरहाराच ्

3V3/ च । सवााच ् च कृ ताथ िवपययण
े िवपरीत-
F: °utpādī; K: °utpādi P: Ø; D: epi P: Ø; C, G, I, J, M: jāya-

te; D: jyayate; N: jāyaya P: Ø; A, E, H, I, L: ta F, K: kadācit;
N: kadocin P: (n)a; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ta A-N: jāya°; em. by

LVP (silently) N: atreke P: (ā)+(u)+; A: āṅgas; D: āhas
Q: uktam ayuktaṃ; PsP Tib, PP Tib: de ni rigs pa ma yin te (= tad
ayuktam) A, E, H, I, L: °dṛṣṭāntātabhidhānāt; B: °dṛṣṭānānabhi-
dhānāt; C, G, M, N: °dṛṣṭāntonabhidhānāt; F: °dṛṣṭāntātebhidhānāt;

K: dṛṣṭāntātatidhānāt; em. by LVP (silently) Em. with LVP: °pa-
rihārāc. P: paroktad(o)ṣāparihārāt (for daṇḍa placement in the mss,
see the following note); Q: °parihārāt; A, E, H, I, L: parāktadoṣāpari-
hārāt; B: °parihārāt; C, G, J, M, N: parakta...āt; D: paroktadāṣā...āt; F,
K: as A, °rāta. LVP notes that his mss read °hārāt and emends to
°hārāc ca (PsPL 15, n. 6; see next note). LVP emends to parokta°
silently. Em. with LVP: ca; P, Q: om.; A-N: om.; P and Q: hetu-
dṛṣṭāntānabhidhānāt | paroktadoṣāparihārāt | prasaṅgavākyatvāc ca

prakṛtārthaviparyayeṇa, etc. (see diplomatic edition for P’s unclear
akṣaras). A-N with a double daṇḍa after hetudṛṣṭāntānabhidhānāt; D,
J, the L family and N additionally place a double daṇḍa after paro-
ktadoṣāparihārāt while the rest, excepting G, place a single daṇḍa
after the compound. LVP (cf. PsPL 14, n. 5) bases his emendation on
Tib. See Translation note and Appendix VII. C: esañga°; G:
emlaṃtavākyaṃtvāc; M: esaṃga°; Tib: n.e. ca. See Appendix

VII. Q: °viparyeṇa; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: °viparyaye, A, E, I, K
and L with a blank space after the compound with a line drawn over

सातमौ पराद ् उा भावा जसाफाज ्

जिनरोधाच ् चेित कृ तािवरोधः ात॥्

इित ॥
it, indicating that one or two akṣaras are missing (F adds a dot); D:
°viparyayaṇa; M: °viparyena
P: °vyakto; A, E: °taddharmattye; B, J, N: °vyakto; C, G: viparīta-
syadhya...kto; F: viparītasādhātaddhamakko; H: °sādhyatarddharmat-

taye; I: viparita...dharmmakā(?); K: viparītasadhātaddharmakko; L:
°taddharmakto; M: viparītasyadhyatarddhamavyakto. Although LVP
(PsPL 15, n. 2) remarks that his mss attest “°vyakto, °vyaktā”, M and
N read °vyakto while L reads °taddharmakto. He emends to °vyaktau
(attested by Q and D) noting that Tib mngon pas would expect as
equivalent vyakteḥ. LVP also conjectures viparīt[ārth]asādhyataddha-
rma° on the basis of Tib’s bsgrub par bya ba dang | de’i chos bzlog
pa’i don, a conjecture I am hesitant to accept—even though the PP
translation indicates that artha stood in PP Skt—given that an
assumed loss of the akṣara parts ā and rth is difficult to explain and
because one also finds, e.g., at PsPL 38.12-39.1, the compound viparī-
tasādhyasādhanavyaktivākyārthaḥ. One also notes that the author of
*LṬ does not appear to have read artha between viparīta and sādhya:
prasaṅgetyādi sāphalyād ityantam ekaḥ pakṣaḥ prasaṅgaviparyayeṇa
viparītasya sādhyasya vyakti[r] niṣpattiḥ (cf. Yonezawa 2004: 121, 131
[fol. 1b6]). The appearance of don in PsP Tib is apparently the result
of the translators having quoted directly from PP Tib. D: para-
smāhaṃ; F: panaspād A-F, H-N: utpanno; G: utpano; em. by LVP

D: hāvā C, J: jatma°; M: janmasāhalyāt; N: °sāphatyāt P:
jañavir(o)dhā̞[1]; Q: Ø; B: °nirādhāc; C: jav(?)manirodhā; D: janma-

virādhā; G, J, M, N: °nirodhā; H: janmavirodhāc; L: jatma°; em. by
LVP (silently) P: ⊗; Q: °nirodha; C, G, J, M, N: °nirodha; D:
°virādhaḥ; H: °virodha P: Ø; PsPL: om. iti; Tib: zhes


i सवम ् एतद ् षणम ् अय
ु मानम ् एव वयं पयामः। कथं .Y+Y

कृ ा। त यत ् तावद ् उं हेतु ाानिभधानाद ् इित तद ्

अय ु म ।् िकं कारणम ।् यात परः
् त उिम अ ् ु
पग-

न ् िवमान पनादे
ु योजनं पृते – त &U

5 ु न वीिष तद ् एव चोत इित न
इित िवमानं हेते

ु
च िवमान पनौ योजनं पयामो ऽनवां च %Y*U

ु
पयामः । न च यो पनाद इते , न चा ्
P: Ø; J: sarvem P: Ø; A, D-F, H, I, K, L: eta G: apujya°

P: Ø; PsPL: om. eva; Tib: n.e. eva M: yatāvad D: °dṛṣṭāntā-
nāhidhānād A: itida I: uktaṃ D: kāraṇa; N: gāraṇaṃ
Q: parataḥ A, D, E, H, L, M: atyu°; F: atyū°; I: atyupa-
gachanaḥ A, C, E-H, J-N: vidyamānesya; Tib: n.e. vidyamānasya

punarutpāde prayojanaṃ; em. by LVP (silently). See Translation note.
B, N: °utpāda D: pramājanaṃ; N: om. prayojanaṃ pṛcchyate |
svata iti vidyamānaṃ hetutvena bravīṣi tad eva cotpadyata iti na ca

vidyamānasya punarutpattau prayojanaṃ paśyāmo ’navasthāṃ ca
paśyāmaḥ | na ca tvayotpannasya punarutpāda P: pṛcchate; A, C,
G, M: pṛchāte; I: vṛchyate F, K: svate A-C, E-N om.; LVP:
om. (PsPL: svata iti hetutvena tad eva cotpadyata iti); Tib: bdag las
zhes bya ba ni yod pa rgyu nyid dang de nyid skye’o zhes smras pa
yin C, G, J, M: hetvena Q: bra///; A-M: bravīsi; PsP : om.
L
Q: Ø Q: Ø F: vacotpadyata D: cā D:
vidyānasya Q: punaratpattau P: °na+; A, E, F, H, I, K, L:

°na F, H: °ma Q: anavasthānaṃ P: [1].yā̞ma̞ḥ; A, E, I,
L: vaśyāmaḥ; G: °ma; H: vaśyāma; Tib adds yang (... zhing thug pa
med par yang mthong ...) A, E, H, I: va; D: ce M: ite; K:
ipyate Conj. by LVP: ’na[vasthā] A: vāpy; D: copy


1Y अिनेित । तान ् िनपपिक एव तव वादः ापगम-
ु

िवश ् चेित ॥

'Y ्
iिकम
इयित चोिदते परो नापु ैित यतो हेताोपादा-
ु
/U,U-U
नसाफं ात ् । अथ ापगमिवरोधचोदनयािप
ु परो न
A, E, M: eniṣṭeti; B, C, J-L, N: eniṣṭheti; D: atiṣṭheti; F: etiṣṭeti; G:

eniṣṭati; H, I: aniṣṭeti; em. by LVP (silently): aniṣṭeti. Cf. aniṣṭhādoṣa
below at PsPM §95; BHSD s.v. aniṣṭhāpada; Tib: thug pa med par
yang mi ’dod do ⁘ na cāpy aniṣṭheti (the translators have added a
translation for the iṣyate that is understood through anuvṛtti in the
Skt). A, E, F, H, I, K, L: nirupattike; B, C, G, J, M, N: °ke; D:
nirupayattika; em. by LVP (silently) P: eṣa; Q: eka; D: e; I: evaḥ;

Tib: n.e. eva P: bhava; A, D: om.; B, C, E-N: tada; em. by LVP:
tvad (compounded with following vādaḥ). P’s reading may have

resulted from a misreading of the akṣara ta, but could suggest the
reading bhavadvādaḥ (cf. Speijer § 259 Rem.). A: tadaḥ A, E,
H: syā...vinuddhaś; B, D, F, G, M, N: svātyupa°; I: bhyupagamavinu-
ddhaś A, E, F, H, I, K, L: cati Q: iyati, but with two deletion
marks above ya; A-C, E, G-N: iyam iti; D: iryavr(?)iti; F: imim iti;
conj. by LVP: [tanmātreṇa]. LVP (PsPL 15, n. 8) states that Cambridge
(L) reads only iti at this point but it too attests iyam iti. Tib: ’di dag
tsam zhig gis. De Jong (1978: 29) reads D as iryacc(?) iti and states,
“Read iyad iti?” A, D, E, F, H, I, K, L: vodite P: nābhyupeti;
D: nātyupati; F: nāttyūpeti; G, N: nātyupaiti; H: nābhyuyaiti; K:
nābhyupeti; M: rātyupaiti C, G, M: yamo A, E, H, I, L:
°phalya; C: hatu°; D: °dṛṣṭāntoṣādāna°; F, K: °dṛṣṭāntāpā...lya; G:

hatudṛṣṭākopādāna°; K: dṛṣṭāntāpādānasāphalya; M: hatudṛṣṭāntopa-
dānasāphatyaṃ A: sāt Em. with LVP: °virodha°. P, Q: °vi-
ruddha°; A, E, H, I: svātyuvyagamadiruddhacodanayāpī; B, G, L, M:
svātyupagamaviruddha°; C, J, N: °viruddha°; D: svātyupagamaviru-
ddhacādenayāpi; F: svātyūvyagamaviruddhacodanayāpi; K: svābhyu-
vyagamaviruddha°. LVP (PsPL 15, n. 9) refers to PsPL 11.14 and PsPL
13.5 (these references are corrected on p. 597 to PsPL 18.7 and 21.13)

िनवतत े , तदाितिनलतया हेतु ाााम ् अिप न ैव

PsPL 16 िनवतत । न चोके न सहााकं िववाद इित सवथा िया- (Y

ु
नमानताम ् एवान आचायः कटय ् अान े ऽ ् अन-ु

मानं वेशयन ् । न च मािमक तः तम ् $U
and translates “Même quand on lui démontre qu’il est en

contradiction ... .” Tib: rang gyi khas blangs pa dang ’gal bas brtsad
pas kyang P: om.; Q: Ø
P: nivarteta; Q: Ø; A, C, E, F, H, K, L, M: nivarttata; G: nivarttata
tadāpi nivarttata; I: nīvarttata; N: nivartteta; em. by LVP (silently);

Tib: mi ldog A, E, F, H, I, K, L: tadāpinirlajvatayā; B, C, G, J, N:
tadāpinir°; M: tadāpinirlajjvatayā; PsPL: tadāpi nirlajjatayā; Tib: n.e.
api/ati (the prefix ati is sometimes left untranslated). De Jong did not
notice that ms D reads tadāti° and thus did not include the emend-
ation in his “Textcritical Notes.” D, N: °tyām; F: °dṛṣṭāntāsām;
M: °tātyāṃ Q: nivartate; A-C, E, G, I, J, L-N: nivarttata; D: niva-

rttatā; F: vivarjata; H: nivarttataḥ; K: vivarttata; em. by LVP (silently)
C, G, M: sabhāsmokaṃ; D: mahā°; F: sāhā° A: vipāda; D:
vivoda A, E, H, I: savathā; Tib: de’i phyir, n.e. sarvathā; em. by

LVP: tasmāt F, K: piyā° A: prakata(?)dyuti; E, F, H, I, K, L:
prakaṭadyuti A, C, E-M: °na; N: °na, repeats initial a; em. by

LVP (silently) A, C, E-G, J-N: anumāna; H: anumātaya; I: atum-
āta; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, I: praśayena; B-D, G, J, K, M, N:
praveśayena; F: pravasayena; H: prasayena; L: pravaśayena; em. by
LVP D: ne A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om.; D: va. LVP (PsPL 16, n.
2) reports that his mss read ca here, not mentioning that ms L (Camb-
ridge) omits ca. C, G, M: sā° A, E, F, H, I, K: svata; Tib:
n.e. svataḥ: dbu ma pa yin na ni rang gi rgyud kyi rjes su dpag par
bya ba rigs pa yang ma yin te A: svatabhram; D: svatamtum; E,
I: svataṃbhram; H: svataṃdha(?)m

ु
अनमानं ु ं पारापगमाभावात
कत ु य ु ्
॥

)Y iतथा चोम ् आयदवे ने –

4Y ्
सदसत सदसच ् चेित य पो न िवते।

उपालश ् िचरेणािप त वं ु न शते॥

इित ॥ 5

िवहावतां चोम ् –

0U यिद काचन िता ान ् मे तत एष मे भवेद ् दोषः।
A, C, E-N: °na; em. by LVP (silently) D, G: kartu A: °ta

A-C, E, H, J, L, N: °ntarābhyupamābhāvāt; D, G, M: °ntarātyupa-
mābhāvāt; F, K: pathāntarātyupamābhāvāt; I: °ntarābhyupasābhāvāt;
em. by LVP (silently) PsP : tathoktam; Tib: de skad du yang ...
L
bshad H: °devana Q: sadasa///; D: sadasatasadasṛc Q: Ø;
C, D, G, J: cati; M: ati Q: Ø; A, I: yaśya; H: pasya Q: Ø; A-N:
pakṣā; em. by LVP (silently) Q: Ø; F: nā A, E, H, I: upāra-
naś; B, F, K, L: upāraṃbhaś; C, J, M, N: upārambhaś; G: upārabha;
em. by LVP (silently) D: cireśāpi B: vaktu; G: vakuṃ; M:
vakṭhum A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ma PsP om. iti; Tib: zhes

L
bshad do A, E, H, I, K, L: °vyāpattināṃ; B, C, J, M: °vyāpattī-
nāṃ; D: °vyāvarttinyāṃ; F, G: °vyāpattinā; N: °vyāpattīnāñ; em. by
LVP (silently) A, D, E, H, I: voktaṃ; J, N: cāktaṃ A-C, E,
F, H-N: °naṃ; D: vyāvana; G: kāṃcanaṃ; em. by LVP (silently)

G: prattijñā B: syānta; F, K: om. A, E, H, I, L: e; F, K: de
A, D, E, F, H, I, K, L: tat; B, C, G, J, M, N: tad; em. by LVP
Em. by LVP (silently) to eva, although he notes (PsP 16, n. 6) that
L
his mss read eṣa and must have been aware that Tib attests de. Cf.
Bhattacharya et al. 1986: 61, n. 4 and Yonezawa 2008: 268. A, E,
I, L: bhevad; F, K: bheva; H: bhedad; M: bhavad

नाि च मम िता तान ् न ैवाि मे दोषः॥

यिद िकिद ् उपलभेय ं वतयेय ं िनवतयये ं वा। .U+U

ािदिभर ्अथस ् तदभावान ् मे ऽनपालः॥ु &Y
इित॥

5 i यदा च ैवं ु
तानमानानिभधाियं मािमक ,

तदा कुतो नाािका ् आयतनािन त उानी- ,Y*Y

PsPL 17 ित ता िता, यां सााः वाे –
D: va Em. with LVP: mama. P, Q: me; A-N: me; the mama
attested by Sāṅkṛtyāyana’s VV manuscript is needed in order to meet

the requirements of the āryā metre of the verse (Sāṅkṛtyāyana 1937:
14; Yonezawa 2008: 268; cf. also Bhattacharya et al. 1986: 61). I:
pratijñāna J: tasmon A: taivasti; E, F, H, I, K, L: naivasti
Q: kicid H: upalabhyayaṃ C, G, M: om.; H: pravarttayayaṃ
C: tivarttayeyaṃ; M: nivarttayaṃ A, C-N: athais; em. by LVP
(silently) A: tedavān; E, H, I, L: tedabhāvān; F, K: tedabhāvāt

F, K: ma Tib: n.e. ca A, F, K: svatantramavumānānabhi°;
B: svataṃtramanumānānabhi°; C, G, J, L-N: svatantramanumānā°;

D: svatantramanumānanibhi°; E, H, I: svatantramavumānātabhi°; em.
by LVP (silently) Q: mādhyami///; B: mādhyātmikasya; D: sā°
Q: Ø Q: Ø; A-C, E-N: kṛtā; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, I,
L: nādhyārmmikāny°; C, J, K: nādhyārmikāny°; D: mādhyānmik°;

F: nādhyārtmikāny°; G: nādhyātmikādy; H: nādhyārmmikāṃny; M:
nādhyātmikāry; N: nādhyarmmikāny°; em. by LVP (silently) H:
āyananāni K: svarta A: utpannāniti°; C, G, J, M, N: tpannā-

nīti; L: utpannā | nīti A, E, F, H, I, K, L: yasyā; D: yasvā A,
C, G, M: sākhyāḥ P: pratyavasthapsyante (the short vertical
stroke for ā used before akṣaras with space-consuming lower bodies

has been read by P’s scribe as the initial akṣara-part p); A, E, H, I, L:
pratyavasphāyante; B: °sthāyaṃte; C, F, G, J, K, N: °sthāyante; D:

को ऽयं िताथ ः । िकं कायाकः त उत कारणाक

%U इित । िकं चातः । कायाकश ् चेत ् िससाधनम ।् कारणा-

कश ् चेद ् िवाथ ता , कारणाना िवमान ैव PsPL 18

-Y सवोिमत उादात॥्
इित॥ 5

कुतो ऽाकं िवमानाद ् इित हेतःु , य िससाधनं

1U िवाथ ता वा ात,् य िससाधन याश ् च
°sthātyante; M: prabhāvasṭhāyante; em. by LVP (silently): pratyava-

sthāsyante; Tib: phyir zlog par byed par ’gyur ba
I: pratijñārthaṃ; M: pratijñārthaṃḥ Q: kāryātmanaḥ; F, K:
kāryānmakaḥ; em. by LVP: kāryātmakāt. Tib: ’bras bu’i bdag nyid

las; the PsP translators, however, are citing from PP Tib. Q’s reading
is the result of deliberate interference. See Translation note and Ap-
pendix VIII. D: svate; G: tyata. PsP Tib, PP Tib: bdag las zhes
bya ba (svata iti) Q: karaṇātmana; F, K: kāraṇānmaka; em. by
LVP: kāraṇātmakād. Tib: rgyu’i bdag nyid las. See Appendix VIII.
Tib: n.e. iti H, I: cāta; Tib: n.e. ca Q: kāryātmanaḥ; D:
°makeś; em. by LVP: kāryātmakāc. Tib: ’bras bu’i bdag nyid las
A, D, E, F, H, K, L: ceta; G: cen A: si≈sādhanaṃ; F: siddhasā-
naṃ; K: °dhāne Q: karaṇātmanaś; C, G, M: om.; em. by LVP:

kāraṇātmakāc. Tib: rgyu’i bdag nyid las C, G, M: om.; H: cad
C, G, M: om.; F: °tāḥ D: kaparaṇātmanā A, E, F, I, K, L:
°syava; H: vidyagānasyava D: sarvasyānpatti°; N: sarvasetpa°

A: ’smāvaṃ Q: vidya/// Q: Ø Q: Ø; Tib: gtan tshigs
kyang D: yasmā Em. with LVP: siddhasādhanaṃ. P, Q: om.;

A-N: om.; Tib: grub pa la sgrub pa nyid D: varuddhārthatā; H:
°ta; J, N: virurddhārthatā (the small stroke attached to the r of

°rddhā° in J may be a cancellation mark); M: viraddharthatā
Em. with LVP: vā. P, Q: om.; A-N: om.; Tib: dam D: sidhāsā-

िवाथ तायाः पिरहाराथ यं किरामः । तात ् परो- 3U

ु
दोषासाद ् एव तिरहार आचायबपािलते
न न वणनीयः ॥ /Y

ात ् – मािमकानां पहेताानाम
iअथािप ु ् अिस-

ु
ेः तानमानानिभधाियात ् त उिितष ेधिताथ-

5 ु ेन परितािनराकर-
साधनं मा भूद ् उभयिसेन वानमान
dhanasya; A, E, F, I, K, L: siddhisādhanasya; H: siddhisādhasya

H: °yā P: °ā(rtha.); D, F: °ārtha A, C, E, G-J, M, N: yanna;
B, F, K, L: yanta; em. by LVP (silently) P: kaviṣyāmas; F: kṛniṣyā-
mas P: paroktadoṣapra°; A, E, H: parokadāṣapra°; B, C, G, J, M,
N: paroktadoṣapra°; D: parākta°; I: parokadāṣaprasagād; L: parok-
tadāṣa°, but wavy line over dā indicates Nepalese do; conj. by LVP:
paroktadoṣ[ā]pra°; Tib: thal bar mi ’gyur ba I: ācābu° C, G,
J, M, N: om.; conj. by LVP: [na]. Tib: brjod par bya ba ma yin no.
LVP has overlooked that L (Cambridge) attests na. A: varsya-
nā(?)yaḥ; E, H, I: varsyanīyaḥ D: smān A, E, H, I: sā°; F:

madhyamikāno; K: °kāno(?) A: pakṣehenudṛṣṭāntānās; B: °dṛ-
ṣṭāntānāsu; C, G, M: pakṣahetu; D: °dṛṣṭāntānos; E, I: pakṣehetudṛṣṭā-

ntātās; F: °dṛṣṭāntānyas; H: pakṣehetudṛṣṭāntatās; J, L, N: °nās; K:
pakṣahatudṛṣṭāntānās; em. by LVP (silently) A, F: asiddhe; B:
siddheḥ; C, G, M: om. asiddheḥ svatantrānumānānabhidhāyitvāt svata

utpattipratiṣedhapratijñārthasādhanaṃ mā bhūd ubhayasiddhena vā-
numānena parapratijñānirākaraṇam, parapratijñāyās tu D: °mā-
nānābhi° Q: °pratiṣedhaprati///; A: °pratiṣedhaṃprati°; F: upa-

tti°; em. by LVP: °pratijñātārthasādhanaṃ. LVP (PsPL 18, n. 6) notes
“Le Tib. lit pratijñā, non pas pratijñātārtha,” but fails to add that his
three manuscripts also attest pratijñārtha. De Jong (1978: 30) has
already noted that ms D’s pratijñārtha is confirmed by Tib’s dam
bca’ ba’i don. Q: Ø Q: ///d; D: bhū D: ’bhaya°; H:
abhaya° Q: cā°; A, B, E, F, H, J-L: cā°; I: vātu°


णम ,् परितायास ् त ु त एवानमानिवरोधचोदनया
ु त

एव पहेतु ाापालरिहतैः पािदिभर ् भिवतम ।्

,U$Y तत तदनिभधानात ् तोषापिरहाराच ् च स एव दोष इित॥ PsPL 19

+Y उते – न ैतद ् एवम ् । िकं कारणम ् । याद ् यो िह यम ्

(U.Y अथ ितजानीते , तेन िनयवद ् अेषां िनयोाद- 5
D: °nirokaraṇaṃ; F, K: °nikarākaraṇaṃ N: paraṃpra° A, E,

H, I: sva Q: °codanāyāṃ; A, I: yavānumānavirodhacodanayā; B:
°virocodanayā; C, M: evānumānunirodhavodanayā; D: °codanamā;

G: evātamānanirodhavodanayā; H: yavānumānavirodhacoṭhadanayā;
J, N: °nirodhacodanayā. *LṬ: codanāyāṃ; Tib: gzhan gyi dam bca’
ba la rang gi rjes su dpag pas ’gal ba brjod par ni bya dgos pas. See
Translation note and Appendix IX. A: ≈vata; F: svate F, K:
eca; H: yeva A, E, L: °dṛṣṭāṃtāpekṣārahitaiḥ; B: °dṛṣṭāntāpe-

kṣārahitaiḥ; C, M, N: °dṛṣṭāntāpakṣārahitaiḥ; D: °dṛṣṭāntāyakṣāra-
hitaiḥ; F: parokṣahetudṛṣṭāntāpekṣārahitaiḥ; G: °dṛṣṭāntāpakṣānahite;
H: as A, no visarga; I: as B, no visarga; K: parākṣahetudṛṣṭāntāpekṣā-
rahitaiḥ; J: °dṛṣṭāntāpakṣārehitaiḥ; em. by LVP: pakṣahetudṛṣṭāntado-
ṣarahitaiḥ; Tib: phyogs dang gtan tshigs dang dpe’i skyon dang bral
pa dag; *LṬ ms: apakṣātma; Yonezawa (2004: 133) accepts the
MacDonald 2000 emendation apakṣāla. F, K: pakṣādibhi; H:
yakṣādibhir A: bhatitavyaṃ; G: bhā° Tib: n.e. ca C, G,

M: tatadanabhi°; D: tedanahidhānāt; I: °dhānān A, E, F, H, I, K,
L: tadoṣāparihātāc; C, G, J, M, N: tadoṣā°; D: tadoṣāparihārā; em. by
LVP (silently) D: e C, G, M: naivatad F: enaṃ N:
°ṇa D: yā C, G, M: parm. Yonezawa 2005a: 66 gives Q as
attesting yā – the mark on the upper right corner of ya could be read

as either yā or yaṃ Q: dharmaṃ; A, C, E-N: artha; em. by LVP
(silently) Q: pratijā///; D: pratijonīte Q: Ø Q: ///d; D:
ścayavad C, G: anyaṣāṃ; H: aneṣāṃ


न ेया ययोपपासाव ् अथ ऽिधगतः, स ैवोपपिः परा-

य ् उपदेा । ताद ् एष तावन ् ायो यत ् परेण ैव ा-

ु
पगमिताताथ साधनम ् उपादेयम ् । स चायं परं ित &U0Y*U

ु
हेताासवात ् ितामासारतयैव के वलं ित-
D: niścayānpāda°; M: niścayotpādarechayā A, E, I, H: yayāpa-
patyādasāv; B, F, G, J-L, N: yayāpapatyā’sāv; C, M: yapāpapatyā’sav;

em. by LVP (silently) A, E, I, H: ārthā; B, C, F, G, J-N: arthā; em.
by LVP (silently) A: saiṣopapantiḥ; B: saivopapantiḥ; D: saivāpa-
pattiḥ; E, H, I: saiṣopapattiḥ; G: saivopapasti; L: sai≈opapattiḥ A-
M: parasmād; N: pasmād; em. by LVP; Tib: gzhan la A-C, E, J-N:
upadestavyā; D: upadeṣṭasyā; F: upadetavyā; G: upadyastavyā; H:
upādestavya; I: upadestatha; em. by LVP (silently) A: e; F: eva;
G: eya; I: e(?)ṣā F: tācan; G: tovan A-C, E-N: nyāye; D: nyo-

yo; em. by LVP (silently) Q: papatty (eyeskip back to
yayopapatty°); C, G, J, M, N: tat Q: antareṇaiva; A-C, E-N:
paraṇaiva; D: paraśaiva; em. by LVP (silently) B, F, G, M: svā-
tyupagama°; D: svātyupasama...nap; N: °sādhanum; em. by LVP

(silently): svābhyupagata° C, M: upādeyaṃ; C and M then
repeat the earlier section beginning with athāpi syāt, now including
what was dropped the first time: athāpi syāt mādhyamikānāṃ pakṣa-
hetudṛṣṭāntānās asiddheḥ ... parapratijñāyās tu svataḥ; D: uyādeyaṃ;
F: upādeyaḥ; G: om. upādeyam, and adds part of the dropped section:
mā bhad ubhayasiddhena cānumānena parapratijñānirākaraṇaṃ para-
pratijñāyām tu svataḥ; K, N: upādeya Em.: sa. P: na; Q: na(?);
A-N: na; Tib: ma yin. LVP accepts the mss’ na. He conjectures: na
cāyaṃ paraṃ prati [hetuḥ] |; he bases his conjecture on Tib: ’di ni
gzhan la gtan tshigs kyang ma yin no. *LṬ: tac. See Translation note.
A, E, H, I: °bhavāt followed by visarga Q: svapratijñāna-
ṅga(?)ye(?)prāptatayaiva; the two uncertain akṣaras are written over

an erasure; the akṣara pta is written in the lower margin and marked
to be inserted before ta of °tayaiva; G: om. svapratijñāmātrasārata-
yaiva kevalaṃ svapratijñātārthasādhanam; em. by LVP: pratijñānusā-

)U-U%Y ाताथसाधनम ् उपाद इित िनपपिकपापगमातु ् ा-

ानम ् एवायं के वलं िवसंवादयन ् न शोित परेषां िनयम ्

ु
आधातिमित। ्
इदम एवा तरं षणं यत िताता-

थ साधनासामम ् इित िकम ् अानमानबाधोावनया
ु

योजनम ् ॥ 5

i ु
अथािप – अवयं तो ऽनमानिवरोधदोष उावनी-

यः ॥ PsPL 20
ratayaiva; Tib: khas ’ches pa’i rjes su ’brangs pa. PsPL 19, n. 6 states
that LVP’s mss read svāpratijñāmātrasāratayaiva°; all read sva°.
A: kevaraṃ; I: visarga follows; N: laṃ
Em. with LVP: svapratijñātārthasādhanam. P: svapratijñānārthamā-
tram; Q: sva///m; A-F, H-N: svapratijñātārthamātram; G: om.; Tib:

rang gi dam bca’ ba’i don gi sgrub par byed pa (= svapratijñārtha-
sādhanam) C, G, J, M, N: utpādatta; I: upādanta Q: °pakṣa°;
D: °pakṣātyupaśamāt; F: °pakṣātyūpagamāt; G, M: °pakṣotyupaga-

māt; H: °pakṣyābhyupagamāt; N: °pakṣātpupagamāt Q: svātmā-
namam F, K: evāya; H: ovāyaṃ D: visaṃvādeyan A: sak-

noti A: pareṣā; Tib: gzhan la ⁘ pareṣām (i.e., Tib without a plural
marker) A, E, H, I: °yas; F: naścayas; L: na(?)ścayas; K: taśca-
yal(?) B: avāsya I: spaṣṭaraṃ; N: syaṣṭaratara; PsPL: spaṣṭa-

tara, compounded with following dūṣaṇaṃ F: yadūta; I: yeduta
A: °sāmarthām; C, G, H, J, M, N: svapratijñātārthasāmarthyam; F:
svapratijñārthasā° F, H: itiḥ G: ki P: °(b)ādho-
d+(āv)a̝natayā; Q: °ānumānapācodbhāvanayā; A, E, H, L: °badhohā-

vanayā; F, K: °badhobhāvanayā; G: trānu...yo; I: attā°; M: °bādhot-
bhāvanayo; N: °bādhodbhāvana; em. by LVP (silently) D:
prayājanaṃ; N: yojanam A: athācya°; E, F, H, I, K: athāvy

F, K: avaśya; H: avasyaṃ; M: avaṇyaṃ; N: evaśya Q: °vi///;
B: °nirodhadoṣa; C, G, M, N: anumona°; Tib: n.e. doṣa Q:
///nīyaḥ; A, G: °nīya; D: udbhāvaṃnīyaṣṭa; M: utbhāvanīyaḥ


सो ऽ ् उािवत एवाचायबपािलते
ु न , न त उे 'U1Y

भावास ् तादवैयाद ् इित वचनात ।् अ िह तद ् इ ् ,Y

अन ेन ाना िवमान परामशः । तथा  ् अ
A, E, H, I, L: uhāvita; F: ūhāvita; K: ubhāvita; M: utbhāvita D:
nuvācārya°; H: °naḥ; M: °nā Q: kathaṃ kṛtvā yasmād evaṃ

tenoktaṃ – written in the lower margin and marked for insertion
before na; conj. by LVP: [katham iti cet]; Tib: ji ltar zhe na | gang gi
phyir des ni ’di skad du bshad pa yin te |. See Translation note. H:
upatyayante F: bhās A, E, F, I: °vaiyathād; C, J-N:
°vaiyathyād; D: udutpādacaiyathyād; G: tadupādavaiyathyād; H:

tadatpādavaiyathād; em. by LVP (silently) K: vacanyat; N:
v(?)vac(?)anāt P: svata; A, B, D-F, H-L: svata; C, G, M, N: sveta;

Tib: de dag; em. by LVP: tad. The explanatory statement
(vivaraṇavākya) of the following sentence is explicating the reason
tadutpādavaiyarthyāt of Buddhapālita’s prasaṅga statement and thus
refers back to the two elements tat and utpādavaiyarthya, not to svata
of the proposition. The appearance of svataḥ in all mss but Q may
have been influenced by the passage in PP in which Bhāviveka
adduces the elements for an independent inference from MMK I.1,
the “general thesis”; he draws the reason “because of [already]
existing” for his inference out of the kārikā’s word svataḥ (cf. PP D
48b5- 6; P 58a2; Ames 1993: 221). F: ijy; PsPL: aty, which is cor-
rected to iti (cf. PsPL 597) C, I, J, M, N: enena A-C, E-N:
°no; D: svotmano; em. by LVP (silently) Q: vidyamānatvasya,

tva written below the line Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently):
°marśaḥ. P: °marṣas; Q: °marṣaḥ; A-C, E-N: °marṣas; D: °maṣaṃs

Q: kiṃ kāraṇaṃ tathā; conj. by LVP: [kasmād iti cet] tathā; Tib:
ci’i phyir zhe na | ’di ltar. Ms Q’s kiṃ kāraṇaṃ ta is written in the
lower margin and marked to be inserted between parāmarṣaḥ and thā
of the main text; the ‘x’ marking the point of insertion in the main
text was written over an erased akṣara, possibly a sta. The visarga of
parāmarṣaḥ was added post-erasure. See Translation note. C, G,
J, M, N: jya M: atra; em. by LVP: tasya. LVP (PsP 20, n. 3)
L

हणकवाैतद ् िववरणवाम,् न िह ाना िवमाना-

4U/U ु
नां पनादे योजनम ् इित। अन ेन च वाेन सा-

ु
साधनधमानगत परिस साध ाोपादानम ् ।

&Y+U त ाना िवमाने ् अन ेन हेतपरामश
ु ः । उाद-
refers to the readings atra, tasya and asya in his mss, but both L and
N read asya.
A-C, E, F, H-L, N: grahaṇakuvākya°; G: graheṇakuvākya°; M:
graheṇakuvākya°; conj. by LVP: [saṃ]graheṇ[okta]vākyasyaitad. De

Jong (1978: 30) notes Stcherbatsky’s (1927: 99, n. 2) suggestion as
tasya saṃgrahavākyasya but it is actually tasya grahaṇaka-vākyasya.
Tib: mdor bzhag pa’i ngag de’i Em. with LVP: na. P: Ø; Q: kiṃ;
A-N: kiṃ; Tib: ... yang skyes ba la dgos pa med. LVP refers to PsPL
14.2: na hi svātmanā vidyamānānāṃ padārthānāṃ punarutpāde
prayojanam asti. BPed 10.14-15: ’di ltar dngos po bdag gi bdag nyid
du yod pa rnams la yang skye ba dgos pa med do P: Ø; A-C, E-N:
°no; D: svātsanā; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: bdag nyid du P: Ø;
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: vidyamāno; B, C, D, G, J, M: vidyamānāṃ; N:
vidyamānām; em. by LVP (silently) P: Ø; A, E: pūr°; D: puner°;
H, I: pur° P: Ø; D: prayojanaṃm D: anuna A: va; N: om.

G, I, K: vākyana C, J, M: sodhya°; D: °gatesya; G: sosādha-
na°; N: sodhyasādhanarmānugatasya G: °prasiddha Q:
sādharmma°; A, E: sādharmma...danaṃ; C, G, I, M: sādharmādṛṣṭā-

ntasyotpādanaṃ; F, K, L: sādharma°; H: sādharma...danaṃ; J, N:
°syotpādanaṃ; em. by LVP (silently) C, G, J, M, N: °no; D:
svotmanā D: vidyamānasyebh; I: vidyamānasyatt D: āneva

Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): °śaḥ. P, Q: °ṣaḥ; A, E, F, I,
K, L: °ṣa; B, C, G, H, J, M, N: °ṣaḥ; D: hetupasamarṣa (sa could be

Devanāgarī rā)

वैयाद ् इ ् अन ेन साधमपरामशः ॥

त यथािनः शः कृ तकात ,् कृ तकम ् अिनं ं यथा

घटः, तथा च कृ तकः शः , तात ् कृ तकाद ् अिन .U

PsPL 21 इित कृ तकम ् अोपनयािभो हेतःु , एवम ् इहािप न *Y

5 ु
त उे भावाः ाना िवमानानां पनाद- $U-Y

वैयात ् ॥

इह ाना िवमानं परो ु ऽवितं घटािदकं पना-
ु

दानपे ं म ् । तथा च मृिडावायाम ् अिप यिद
C, G, J, N, M: °vaiyathyād; D: utpādavairyathyād; H: °vaiparthyād

A, C, E, G-J, L-N: ibhy; em. by LVP (silently) D: ane; I: enena
Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): °śaḥ. P, Q: °ṣaḥ; A, E, I:
sādharmaparāmarṣaḥ; B, D, F, G, K-M: °ṣaḥ; C: °paraṃmarṣaḥ; H:

sādharmaparāmarṣa; J, N: °paramarṣaḥ P: yathā ’nimibya(ḥ); Q:
yathā na nityaḥ; I: °tya D: śabda P: Ø; Q: kṛtakatvānityatvāt;

F: kṛtakṛtvāt; Tib: byas pa mi rtag pa’i phyir. See Translation note.
G: kṛtakem I: dṛṣṭa P: Ø; D: ce F: kṛtaka P: Ø; A,
C, E, G-N: śabda; F: śabde; em. by LVP (silently) P: Ø; D: atitya

M: kṛkasvam G: evah A, E, H, I: ta; D: ne D: svata
svate H: upadyaṃte; I: utpadyate H: svātmānāṃ I:
vidyasānāṃ; M: °nā A: °vaiyatpādavaiyarthyāt; B: utpādevai°;

C: narutpādavaiyathyāt; F: °vairyarthyāt; G, J: °vaiyathyāt; M, N:
punanutpādavaiyathyāt Tib: ’di na ji ltar ⁘ iha. Tib construes ji
ltar with de bzhin du (tathā) of the next sentence. M: °nām

A, E, H, I: vidyamāne A, E, H, I: om. A, E, H, I: om.;
Tib: gnas zhing gsal ba ⁘ ’vasthitam (= ’vasthitaṃ vyaktam) Q:
ghaṭādi A, E, H, I: om. punarutpādānapekṣaṃ dṛṣṭam | tathā ca

mṛtpiṇḍādyavasthāyām api yadi svātmanā vidyamānaṃ ghāṭādikam;
D: °pakṣaṃ; F: °utpādānaṃpekṣaṃ; C, G, J, N: °utpādana°; M:
°utpādina° C, G, J, M, N: yathā D: dha; Tib: n.e. ca B,

0U ाना िवमानं घटािदकम ् इित मस े , तदािप त ा-

%U ना िवमान ना ् उाद इित ॥

एवं ाना िवमानेनोपनयािभे न ु
पनादित-

3Y ु
षेधािभचािरणा हेतनु ा त एव साानमानिवरोधोा-

,U वनम ् अनितम
ु ् एवेित । तत ् िकम ् उते तद ् अयंु 5
D, G, J, L-N: mṛta°; F, K: mṛtapiṇḍa°; em. by LVP (silently) F:
yadī
C, G, M: svātmenā P: Ø; F, K: vidyamāne; L: vidyamāneṃ
C, G, M: ghapaṭikam; Tib: ... gal te rang gi bdag nyid du yod pa’i
bum pa la sogs pa yod do snyam du sems na ⁘ yadi svātmanā vidya-

mānaṃ ghaṭādikam iti manyase C, G, M: manyasa; F, H: manyes-
e; I: manaseḥ P: Ø; E, H, I, L: tasyaḥ P: Ø; A-C, E-N: svātma-
no; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I: vimānasya; C, G, J, M, N:
vidyamāna; D: vidyamānasva A, E, H: rabhy; D: manasty; F, K:
ty; I: sty; L: sbhy; N: nāsbhy A, E, F, H, I, K, L: utpādam; C, G, J,

M, N: upādam; D: unpāda; em. by LVP (silently) H: itiḥ C,
G, J, M, N: eva P: Ø; A-C, E, G-N: °no; F: svātmanom; em. by
LVP (silently) P: °tvenopanayābhivyaktana; A: °tvainoparayā-

bhivyaktena; B, C, E, F, H-L, N: °tvenoparayābhivyaktena; D: °tve-
nopenayāhivya(?)ktena; G: °vyana; M: vidyamānotvenoparayābhi-
vyaktena; em. by LVP (silently) A, H, I: °utpādaḥpratimedhā°;
C: °pratisedhā°; D: °vyahicāriṇā; E, F, K: °utpādapratimedhā°; G:

°pratimadhyavya°; E, L: °utpādapratimedhā°; M: °pratimedhābhicā-
raṇā D: evaṃ A, B, E, F, H-L, N: °venam; C, G: °virodho-
dbhovenam; D: °mānanirodhodbhāvam; M: °virodhotbhāvena; em.
by LVP (silently) B: anutiṣṭham; C, G, J, N: anusthitam; D: ānu°;
M: anusṭhitam C, M: evati; D: e; G: avati; Tib: n.e. eva I:
vim E, L: tat kim ucyate ta kim ucyate; I: ta kim ucyateḥ D:

td (= t virāma d) Q: uktam ayuktaṃ; D: amuktaṃ; F, K: ayukta

ु
हेताानिभधानाद ् इित ॥ (Y

iन ु
च के वलं हेताानिभधानं न सवित , परोदोषा-

पिरहारो ऽिप न सवित। कथं कृ ा। साा िह न ैवािभ- 1U)Y

प परो ु ऽवित घट पनरिभिम
ु ् इि ।

5 तैव चेह ाेनोपादानं िसपात।् अनिभ-

प च शिपापोिितषेधिविश साात ् &U
Q: °dṛṣṭānabhidhānād; A: °dṛṣṭātabhidhātād; B-E, G, H, J-N: °dṛ-

ṣṭānabhidhānād; F: °dṛṣṭā≈abhidhanād; I: hetuṃdṛṣṭānabhidhānād;
em. by LVP (silently) H: itiḥ Tib: n.e. ca D: hetuṣṭāntāna-
bhi°; F, K: hetudṛṣṭāṃttāna° N: ta P: Ø; D: maṃstevati; F:
°tiḥ A: °doṣoṣariharo; B, D-F, H, I, K, L: °doṣoparihāro; C, G, J,
M: °doṣoparidoṣo; N: padoktadoṣoparidoṣo; em. by LVP to parokta-

doṣāparihāradoṣo on the basis of the dittography in his Paris and
Calcutta mss (= M and N), although he notes that Tib reads otherwise
(PsPL 21, n. 2). Tib: gzhan gyis smras pa’i nyes pa ma bsal ba A-
N om.; PsPL: om. ’pi; Tib: yang G: sākhyā Tib: n.e. eva
F: pase H: pasthitasya C, G: punarayivyaktim; D: puna-
rahivyaktim; I: om. punarabhivyaktim icchanti | tasyaiva ceha dṛṣṭā-

ntatvenopādānaṃ siddharūpatvāt | anabhivyaktarūpasya ca śaktirūpā-
pannasyotpattipratiṣedhaviśiṣṭasya; J, M, N: punarapivyaktim C,
G, J, M, N: ichati C, G, M: tasyava; J, N: tasyeva A: vaiha;
D: cahe; E-H, L, M: veha C, J: °tvenotpādānaṃ; G, M: °tveno-
tvādānaṃ; F, K: dṛṣṭāttatvenopādrānaṃ; Tib: n.e. upādāna C, G,
J, M, N: anabhivyarūpasya; D: anebhi° Q: om.; D, G: va A,

B, F, E, K, L: °pratiṣedhaṃviśiṣṭasya; C, G, J, M: °pratiṣedhaṃviśiṣṭa;
D: śaktirūpāpannasyānpatti...viśiṣṭasya; H: °rūpāyannasyotpattiprati-
vedhaṃviśiṣtasya; N: °pratiṣedhamviśiṣṭa; LVP follows the readings
found in M and N which lack the genitive ending and therefore con-
joins °viśiṣṭa with the following word to form °pratiṣedhaviśiṣṭasā-
dhyatvāt; Tib: skye ba bkag pas khyad par du byas pa ni bsgrub par
bya ba yin pa nyid kyi phyir

कुतः िससाधनपदोषाशा , कुतो वा हेतोर ् िवाथता-

+Y शे ित । तात ् तो ऽनमानबाधाचोदनायाम
ु ् अिप यथोप-

.Y विणतदोषाभावात ् परोदोषापिरहारासव एवे ् असम ्

/Y एवैतद ् षणम ् इित िवेयम॥् PsPL 22

*U-U i घटािदकम ् इित चािदशेन िनरवशेषोिपु दाथ - 5

सह िवविताद ् अन ैकािकतािप पटािदिभर ् न ैव
C, G, M: kutraḥ P: °do(ṣāśa)[1]; A, E, F, H, I, L: °śakā; C, G, J,

M, N: °saṃkā; D: °doṣośaṃkā; K: °dāṣāśaṃkā; em. by LVP (silent-
ly) P: Ø; A: hotā; C, D, G, J, M, N: heto; E, F, H, I, K, L: hoto; em.
by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I: viruddhārthasaṃtāketi; F, K, L: viru-
ddhārthaśaṃtāketi P: (s)+[1]; D: ṣato P: ⊗; A, E, L: numānu-
māmabodhyacādanāyāṃ; B: numānanumānabodhācādanāyām; D:
nusānabādhācā?≈≈pām; F: numāmabodhyacānahāyāṃm; C, G, J, N:
numāmabodhācādanāyām; H: as A, °yāṃm; I: numānumāmabodho-
cādanāyāṃm; K: numāmabodhyacānadāyaṃm; M: nusāmabodhācā-
danayām; em. with conj. by LVP: ’numāna[vi]rodhacodanāyām; Tib:
rjes su dpag pas ’gal ba brjod pa na. See de Jong 1978: 30. A:
yathopavasyi(?)nedoṣābhāvata; B: °bhāvataḥ; C, G, J, N: °varṇitedo-

ṣābhāvata; D: °varṇitedoṣobhāvāt; E: yathopavasmitedoṣābhāvata; F,
H, I, K: yathopavasmitedoṣābhāvataḥ; L: yathopavaṇitedoṣābhāvata;
M: °varṇitedoṣābhāvatavata; em. by LVP; Tib: ji skad smras pa’i
nyes pa brjod pa med pa’i phyir ⁘ yathopavarṇitadoṣābhāvāt C,
G, J, M, N: parakta°; D: parāktadoṣo° A, E, H, I, L: evebhy; D:

emety Q: asambandham; A-C, E-H, J-N: asaṃbuddham; I:
esaṃbuddham; em. by LVP (silently) A: evaitata; D: avaitat; G,
M: evaita; I: evaitatad; N: evetad; Tib: ’di dag ⁘ etat I: bhūṣa-
ṇam C, G, J, M, N: ghapadikam; F: paṭādikam P: vādiśa-

bdena; PsPL om. ca; Tib: n.e. ca Q: niraveśe°; A: °pitsupardar-
tha°; C, M, N: niravaśeṣetpit°; D: niraveśeṣotpitsupadārtha°; G: nira-

sta(?)śeṣet°; I: nīra° D: vivajitatvāt A, E: anaikānti; D: °ka-
tyapi; F, H, I, K, L: anaikāṃti Q: ghaṭādibhir; A, E, F, H, I, K, L:
सवित॥

i अथ वायम ् अः ु
योगमागः – पषितिराः

पदाथाः त उिवािदनस ् तत एव न त उे

ाना िवमानात ् पषवद
ु ् इतीदम ् उदाहरणम ् उदा-

5 हायम ् ॥

i यिपचािभिवािदन उादितषेधो न बाधकः ,

तथा ् अिभाव ् उादशं िनपा पूव पाच ् ,Y
bhi; B: ghaṭādibhir; C, D, G, J, M, N: ghaṭādibhi; em. by LVP: paṭādi-

bhir; Tib: snam bu la sogs pa dag gis Tib: n.e. eva
P: ⊗; D: vāmam P: Ø; A-C, E-G, I-N: anya; H: atya; em. by LVP
(silently) P: Ø; A: prajoga°; D: pramāga°; G: °mārga; I: °mārg-

taḥ; Tib: yang na sbyor ba ’di ni tshul gzhan yin te ⁘ atha vāyam
anyaḥ prayogamārgaḥ P: [3](vy).[1](r).(k)t+ḥ; A, E, F, K, L: puru-
ṣatiriktāḥ; C, M: °vyatiriktaṃḥ; G: °vyatiriktaṃ; H: puruṣatiruktāḥ; I:
puruṣatiriktā D: padārthauḥ; N: °thaḥ I: °vāditas Q: tatra;
H: pata D: eve; H: yeva; Tib: n.e. tata eva M: ta A: utya-
dyate; D: utpedyante A-C, E-N: puruṣaved; em. by LVP. LVP
(PsPL 22, n. 5) reports that ms L reads puruṣavad but it too reads pu-
ruṣaved. A, B, D-F, H, K, L: atīdam; C, G, J, M, N: atīvam; I:
atidam; em. by LVP A: udāhāryya; C, G, J, M: udāhāryaḥ; N:
udāhāryyaḥ; Tib: skyes bu bzhin no zhes dper brjod pa ’di nyid dper
brjod par bya’o ⁘ puruṣavad itīdam udāharaṇam udāhāryam C,
G, M: yadyaṣi A, E, H, I, L: cābhivādina; C: cābhivyāktaḥ; F, K:

cābhicādina; G: cābhivyaktiḥ; M: cādhivyaktiḥ; Tib: n.e. ca D:
°prativedho D: ne; H: ta G: °kats D: tathāvy D:

abhiṣyevyaktāv G: °śadvan A, E, H: tipātya A, E-I, K,
L: pūrva A: paścā; M: paścān

0Y$Y ु
चानपल ु णोादशेनािभे र ् एवािभधानाद ्
पलिसाध

%Y अयं ितषेधो नाबाधकः ॥

i ु ् अयं यथोो ऽथ िवन ैवेिं वचारािभधानाल ्
कथं पनर
Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): cānupalabdhyupalabdhisādha-

rmyeṇotpādaśabdenābhivyakter. P: °sādhar(m)myiṇṇotpāda°; Q:
°sādharmmeṇotpāda°; A: nupalabdhāpalabdhisādharmeśo°; B: °sā-
dharmeṇo°; C, M: cānupalabdhisādharmaṇo°; D: anupalabdhyapaleb-
dhisodharmoṇotpādaśabdenobhivyakter; E, K, L: cānupalabdhya(?)-
palabdhisādharmeśo°; F: cānupaladhyapalabdhisādharmeṇo...vyak-
tar; G: cānupabdhīsādharmmaṇo°; H, I: °dharmeśo°; J: cānupalab-
dhupalabdhisādharmeṇo°; N: cānupal(?)alabdhupalabdhisādharmme-
ṇo° C, G, J, M, N: avā°; D: evādidhānād D: pratiṣādhā; I:
repeats pratiṣedho; M: pratiṣodho A, E, H, I, L: °keḥ; C, G: nā-
dhakāḥ; J, M, N: nādhakaḥ; em. by LVP (silently) C, G, J, N: pu-

narṃ P: ayam artho; D: aye Em.: yathokto ’rtho vinaivettha-
ṃvicārābhidhānāl. P attests for the entire sentence: katham punar
ayam artho yathoktacarccām vinaivetthaṃvicārānabhidhānāl labhyata
iti; Q: katham punar ayam yathoktaś cārtho vinaivetthaṃvicārābhi-
dhānāl labhyata iti; (paper mss for the concerned words:) A: yatho-
ktaḥsvābhidhānaṃ vinaivya≈vicāro; B: yathoktaḥsvābhidhānaṃ vi-
naivetthaṃvicāro; C, G, J, M, N: yathoktaḥsvābhidhānaṃ vinaivya-
sthaṃvicāro; D: yathoktaḥsvābhidhānaṃ vinaivetthaṃvivāro; E, H, I,
K, L: yathoktaḥsvābhidhānaṃ vinaivyatthaṃvicāro; F: yathoktaḥsvā-
bhidhānaṃ vinaivyarthaṃvicāro; Tib: yang ji skad smras pa’i don gyi
rjod par byed pa med par rnam par dpyod pa ’di lta bu ’di ji ltar rnyed
(De Jong [1978: 30] judges that Tib’s second ’di should be deleted,
but it reflects Skt ayam). LVP, in reliance on Tib, emends the sentence
to read kathaṃ punar ayaṃ yathoktārthābhidhānaṃ vinā vyastavicāro
labhyate; although LVP (PsPL 22, n. 8) reports that his mss all read
“vinai vyasthaṃ vicāro,” ms L reads vinaivyatthaṃvicāro. I suspect
that the scribe of a ms from which the paper mss descend was dis-
turbed by the sentence (he may have had to deal with a reading like

PsPL 23 लत इित चेत ,् तद ् उते – अथ वाािन ेतािन महाथा-

िन यथोिदतम ् अथ स ृ वृािन। तािन च ााय-

मानािन यथोम ् अथाानं सूय इित ना िकिद ्
ms P’s anabhidhānāt) and removed abhidhānāt/anabhidhānāt, add-

ing abhidhānam before vinā (cf. Speijer §182, n. 1 on vinā construed
with a following word). At least one of the two mss on which Tib is
based appears to have contained the revised sentence. Ms P’s ca-
rccām must be the result of deliberate change; the intended construal
of vinā with the following ablative was overlooked and accusative
carccām was introduced, which required the change of abhidhānāt to
anabhidhānāt. Ms Q’s yathoktaś cārtho may also be the result of de-
liberate change, or it may have come into Q’s line because a dittog-
raphy of the akṣara rtho (possibly resulting in the reading yathoktā-
rthārtho) resulted in rthā being read/re-interpreted as ścā.
*LṬ’s author appears to have relied on a ms which read as PsP Tib’s
ms(s); he comments: kathaṃ punar ayam uktaprayoge ayaṃ vicāro
jñāyatāṃ (cf. Yonezawa 2004: 122, 135 [fol. 2a2]).
A, E, H, I, L: latyata D: vet; F: cait; H: cyat D: yad; G: om.;
H: ta; I: ta≈ A, E-L, N: athavākyāni; C: athavy(?)ākyāni; D: °vā-

khyāni; M: athavyakyāni; em. by LVP. LVP overlooks the reading in
M (Paris) when he reports that his mss read atha vākyāni. A, B,
E, F, H, I, K, L: rhṛtāni; C: ha(?)tāni; D: rhatāni (°rhṛ?); G, J, M, N:

hṛtāni; em. by LVP, who records that all his mss read hṛtāni (Cam-
bridge reads rhṛtāni), to tāni; Tib: ’di dag ni. De Jong’s (1978: 30)
emendation hy etāni is confirmed by P and Q. A: pathoditam; H:
yathāditam A-N: artha; em. by LVP (silently) A: saṃgṛsva;
C: saṃgṛhna; G: sagṛ≈; J: saṃgṛkṣy(?)a; M: saṃgṛhū P: om.; G:
tā; M: om.; Tib: de dag A, E, F, H, I, K, L: na ca; C, G, M: va

D: arthātpādaṃnaṃ; F: athānmānaṃ; H: athātmānaṃ P: pra-
śūyanta; D: °ntaḥ; G: prasūyakṣe; H: pramūyaṃtaḥ A-C, E-N:

cātra; D: vātra; em. by LVP (silently) C, G, J, M, N: cikid; D:
kivid; I: kiṃcīd

&Y4Y ु
अनपां साते ॥

i सिवपरीतेन चाथन परैव सः, नााकं -

'Y1Y िताया अभावात।् तत िसािवरोधासवः । पर च

+U यावद ् बहवो सिवपरीतापापे , तावद ्
दोषाः

अािभर ् अभीत एवेित । कुतो न ु ख ् अिवपरीताचाय- PsPL 24

*Y(U ु
नागाजनमतान ु
सािरण ु
आचायबपािलत सावकाशवचना-

.U-Y िभधाियम ् , यतो ऽ परो ऽवकाशं लभते । िनःभाव-
P: anupāntaṃ; A: anutpāṃttaṃ; C, E, F, H-J, L: anutpāttaṃ; G, M:

anutpātta; N: anutpāttan; em. by LVP (silently) F: sabhāṣyate; H:
°teḥ; Tib: srid ⁘ sambhāvyate (causative). LVP (PsPL 23, n. 2) recon-

structs Tib’s ma bstan pa ... mi srid do as na ... anupadiṣṭam ... saṃ-
bhavati. A: °viprarītena; F: °viparītāviparītena Q: cārthe; I:
vārthyana G: yara° D: pratijñāyā≈ C, G, J, N: °nirodhā°;

M: °nirodho° D: yovad D: bahavā D: seṣāḥ; H, I: doṣā;
M: doṣoḥ P: °viparīta°; A, C-E, I, L: °rītāpatyā°; H: praḥsaṃ-
gaviparītāḥpatyā° C, G, M: tavad; D: tovad Q: abhiṣyanta;
A, C, E, G-J, M, N: abhiṣyata; D: ahīṣyata A, E, F, I, K, L: evati;

H: evatiḥ A, E, H, I: ṣalv Q: °nārjunamatā°; A, H: aviparī-
tācāryā°; C: °nāgārjusamatā°; D: aviparītāvāryanāgārjunasatānusāri-
ṇa; G: °nāgārjumamatā°; J: °nāgājumamatā°; N: nāgājuna° A:
°pālitasvam; D: āvarya°; E, H: °pālitasyam; I: °pāritasyam A:

mevakāśavacanābhidhāyetvaṃ; C: °vacamābhidhāyitvaṃ; E: meva-
kāśavacanābhidhāyitvaṃ; F, L: smevakāśavacānābhidhāyitvaṃ; G,
M: °vacasābhidhāyitvaṃ; H: mekkāśavacanābhidhāyetvaṃ; I: meva-
kaśavacatābhidhāyitvaṃ; K: smevakāśavacanābhidhāyitvaṃ A:
yeto; I: yatva D: ≈ākāśaṃ; I: ’vaśaṃ; M: cakāśaṃ K: la-

bhete; em. by LVP (silently): labheta

भाववािदना च सभावभाववािदनः स आपामान े कुतः

सिवपरीताथ सिता । न िह शा दाडपािशका इव )U,U

वारम ् अतयि । िकं तिह। सां शौ वुर ् िव-

वाम ् अनिवधीये
ु । तत परिताितषेधमाफलात ्

5 सापादन नाि सिवपरीताथापिः ॥ /U
A: niḥsvabhāvanādinā; B, C, E-N: niḥsvabhāvabhāvanādinā; D:

niḥsvabhāvehāvavādinā; em. by LVP; Tib: n.e. bhāva: rang bzhin med
par smra bas PsPL: om. ca; Tib: n.e. ca A, E, I: sasvabhāvādi-
naḥ; C, G, J, M, N: svabhāvabhāvanādinaḥ; D: sasvabhāvahāvevādi-
neḥ; F, K, L: sasvabhāvabhāvādinaḥ; H: as A, °dina; em. by LVP.
LVP (PsPL 24, n. 1) reports that his mss read °nādinaḥ and °nādinā;
M and N (Paris and Calcutta) read °nādinaḥ but L (Cambridge) reads
°vādinaḥ. Tib: n.e. bhāva: rang bzhin dang bcas par smra ba la D:
saṃprasaṅge Q: āpadyamāne; em. by LVP (printing error?): āpa-
dyamāne; Tib: bsgrubs pa na A, B, D-F, H, I, K, L: kṛtaḥ; C, J, M,

N: kṛteḥ; G: kṛte; em. by LVP (silently) A: °prasagitā; C, G, M:
om. prasaṅgaviparītārthaprasaṅgitā | na hi śabdā dāṇḍapāśikā iva vak-

tāram asvatantrayanti | kiṃ tarhi | satyāṃ śaktau vaktur vivakṣām
anuvidhīyante | tataś ca parapratijñāpratiṣedhamātraphalatvāt; F: °tāḥ;
I: °viparitārthapragitā; Tib: thal ba las bzlog pa’i don can du thal bar
ga la ’gyur ⁘ kutaḥ prasaṅgaviparītārthaprasaṅgitā. LVP (PsPL 24, n.
2) reconstructs Tib’s Skt as prasaṅgena viparītārthatāprasaṅgaḥ
kutaḥ but the Skt may have read as the mss do. A, B, E, H-L, N:
śabde; F: śa with stroke for i above the line F: dāṇḍapāṇikā

D: vakṣāṃras A, B, E, K, L: asvamaṃtrayaṃti; D: asvaman-
trayaṃti; F: aśvamatrayanti; H: as A, °tī; I, J, N: asvamantrayanti;

em. by LVP; Tib: dbang med par byed pa D: ki F: śatyāṃ
A, B, E, F, H-L, N: vaktu; em. by LVP (silently) H: vivakṣyām
I: anuvidhiḥyante A, E, H: °datasya; D: prasaṅgāyāda°; F:
prasagā°; I: prasagāpādatasya D: °viparītārthapattiḥ; F: prasaṃ-

gavirītārtā°; H: °viparitā°; K: prasaṃgavirātārtā°

i तथा चाचाय भूयसा ु ने ैव
सापिमख परपं

िनराकरोित  –

नाकाशं िवते िकित ् पूवम  ाकाशलणात।्

3U अलणं स ेत ात ् पूव यिद लणात॥्

पकारणिनम ु े पे पं स ते । 5

अहेतकंु न चा ् अथ ः किद ् आहेतकः
ु िचत ् ॥
Q: cāryo; D: cācāryā; H: cāryo F: kūyasā; N: bhūyasyā C, G,

J, N: °mukhainaiva; I: °mukhanaiva A-F, H-M: °pakṣā; G, N: pa-
rakṣā; em. by LVP (silently) D: nirokaroti Q: om. D: nā-
kīśaṃ D: vidyaṃte F: kicit A: arakṣaṇaṃ A: pra-
saṃhyeta; B: prasatyeta; E, F, L: prasahyeta; H: pasahyetaḥ; I: prasa-

jyataḥ F: syā; L: syā, half-daṇḍa, t D, G: pūrva D: yati
Em. with LVP: rūpakāraṇanirmukte. P, Q: rūpakāraṇanirmuktaṃ na
rūpam upalabhyate: mss P and Q substitute MMK IV.1ab for MMK

IV.2ab, the verse-half attested in the other mss and Tib. MMK IV.2cd,
as in the other mss, follows. A, E: rūpakārūṇanirmmukta; B, C, G, J,
K, M, N: rūpakārūṇa°; D: °nimuktai; F: rūpakārūṇanimukte; H: rūpa-
kārūṇanirmukta; I: as A, °ktaḥ; L: rūpakāruṇanirmmukta, with (Ne-
palese-script) wavy line over kt to indicate kte; em. by LVP (silently)
A, E: rūye; I: rūpa F, K: rūpa A: prasaṃhyate; B, E, F, H,
L: prasahyate; G: pasajyate F: ahotukaṃ. LVP (PsPL 24, n. 8)

states that his mss read āhetukam but all read ahetukaṃ. The mss also
read ahetukaṃ when the kārikā is presented in the fourth chapter (P
is damaged; I do not have access to Q’s fourth chapter). Ye (2011a:
68) accepts āhetukaṃ. Nāgārjuna uses the form āhetuka when the
metre demands a long syllable (cf. MacDonald 2007: 34), but one is
not required here. D: vā° L: urthaḥ C, G, J, N: kacid
G: °ka; LVP emends to ahetukaḥ but makes reference (PsP 24, n.
L
8) to the reading āhetukaḥ in his mss. He accepts the reading āhetu-
kaḥ for the kārikā at its occurrence in the fourth chapter and in his

इित ।

PsPL 25 तथा

भावस ् तावन न् िनवाण ं जरामरणलणम ।्

स ेताि भावो िह न जरामरणं िवना॥ %U

5 इािदना ॥

i अथाथवााद ् ् ेक-
आचायवाानां महाथ े स अन $U

ु
योगहेतं ु
पिरकेत , आचायबपािलतवाा ् अिप &U
list of corrections at PsPL 597 corrects the first chapter citation to

āhetukaḥ. G: kṛcid
PsP : om. iti H: tathāḥ; M: tadyathā; LVP: tadyathā; Tib: de
L
bzhin du D: havas D: nivaṇaṃ A, E, H, I: °ṇa; C: °mara-
ṇaṃlakṣaṇaṃ; M: lakṣaṇaṃ A, E, F, H, I: prasahyatāsti; B, L:
prasahyetāsti; C, G, K: prasajyatāsti; D: prasajyetosti A: bhāva;
B, C, E-N: bhāvā; em. by LVP (silently) H: om. A, C, D, E, G-

I, M: °ṇa A, E, H, I, L: vinebhyādinā; C, G, J: vinesvādinā; M:
vitesvādinā C, G-I, N: arthārtha° A, E, H: °na; D: āvākyā-

nāya; I: °nā D: mahāthatve Q: anekaprayoganiṣpattihetu-
tvaṃ; A, B, E, F, H, I, K, L: anekaprayoganiṣpattihetutvaṃ; D: aneka-

pramoganiṣpatti°; C, G, J, M, N: enekaprayoganiṣpatti°; PsPL: °pra-
yoganiṣpattihetutvaṃ; PsP Tib: sbyor ba du ma’i rgyu nyid (n.e. ni-
ṣpatti). It is difficult to explain P’s loss of niṣpatti on paleographical
grounds. PsP Tib does not copy in PP Tib at this point (PP Tib: sbyor
ba’i tshig du ma dag gi gzhi) but rather translates from PsP Sanskrit.
It would seem that Q and ms ι received the interpolated and explana-
tory reading niṣpatti from ms δ. It is possible that niṣpatti was in the
ms related to δ used by the Tibetan translators, but was not appropri-
ated by them. Q: parikalpet; A-C, E-N: parikalpet; D: parikal-
pya; em. of parikalpet by LVP (silently) to parikalpyate. De Jong

(1978: 30) accepts D’s reading which he considers as confirmed by

िकिमित न तथ ैव पिरके ।

+Y0U i अथात ् – वृिकाराणाम ् एष ायो यत ् योगवा-

िवरािभधानं कतम ् इित।

एतदिप नाि , िवहावताम ् वृिं कुवता ् आचायण

,Y-U योगवाानिभधानात ् ॥ 5
Tib’s rtog na; rtog nas, however, would be the more usual equivalent
for the gerund parikalpya. The na here more than likely represents
part of the translation for atha, that is, it is the concluding particle of
the oft-attested ci ste ... na (see, e.g., CŚṬ Tib-Skt Index [Suzuki
1994: 112] where rtog na is listed as translating only present passive,
present participle and optative forms, and the occurrences of rtog na
for kalpyeta, parikalpyate and parikalpyeta are preceded by ci ste).
A, E: °vākyātp; G: °buddhapālivākyāty; N: °vyākyāvy; em. by
LVP of °vākyāny to °vyākhyānāny, even though his mss support the

reading °vākyāny and he notes (PsPL 25, n. 3) that Tib “= vākyāni”;
Tib: ngag dag.
C: tatheva; D: tatyeva; Tib: n.e. eva A, E, H: parikalpet; B: pari-
kalpyate; C, M, N: parikalpānte; F: parikalpante; G: parikalpāke; I:

parikalpeta; K: parikal(?)paṃte; L: parikalpaṃte; em. by LVP (silent-
ly) D: smād Q: °kāraṇām; A, C: °kāraṇām; D: vṛttikorāṇom;
F: °kānāṇām A, E, F, H, I, K: tyāyo; C, G, M: nyāvo A, C, E,
F, H-J, L, N: payogavākyaviṣṭarā°; B, G, M: °viṣṭarā°; K: yayogavā-
kyaviṣṭarā°; em. by LVP (silently) A: kartarvya E: tāsti; F:
nāstī A, E, H, I, L: vigrahavyāpattatyāṃ; B, J: °vyāpattanyāṃ, C:

°vyāparttinyāṃ; D: °vyāvattanyāṃ; F, K: °vyāpattavyāṃ; G: °vyāpa-
ttiṃnyā; M: °vyāpattinyāṃ; N: °vyāpattaṃnyām; em. by LVP: vigra-
havyāvartanyā. LVP states that all his mss read vigrahavyāpattibhyāṃ
(but see L, M and N). Tib: rtsod pa bzlog pa’i D: vṛtti A, B,
E, G, J-M: kurvatopy; C, I, N: kurvvatopy; F: kūrvatopy; H: kurdhato-
py; em. by LVP (silently) C, D, G, I, M: ācāryaṇa; H: ācāryena;
K: ācāyeṃṇa D: prayāgavākyānebhidhānāt

चानस ् तक शााितकौशलमाम ् आिचासोर ्
i अिप 1U.Y

अीकृ तममकदशनािप यत ् तयोगवाािभधानम,् *U

तदिततराम ् अन ेकदोषसमदायादम
ु ् अ तािक कोप-

लते । कथं कृ ा। त यत ् तावद ् एतद ् उम ् –

PsPL 26 योगवां  ् एतद ् भवित – न परमाथत आाि-

का ् आयतनािन त उािन िवमानाच ्
D: vāt°; F, K: cātmatas A: tarkarśāstātikau°; C, G, J, M, N: tar-
kaśāstrādi°; D: terkaśāmtrātikauśalampātram A-C, E, F, H-N: ā-
vikhyāsār; D: avikhyāsor; G: āvisyasār; conj. by LVP: āvi[ścikīrṣayā];

Tib: bstan par ’dod pas Q: °madhyaka°; A, E: °darśasyāpi; H:
aṅgi...darśasyāpi; I: °madhyamadarśasyāpi; Tib: dbu ma pa’i lta ba

khas len bzhin du yang ⁘ aṅgīkṛtamadhyamakadarśanasyāpi (dbu ma
pa’i lta ba presumes mādhyamikadarśana) C, G, M: °rom A,
E, F, H-L, N: °samudāyospadam; C, G, M: °samudrāyospadam; em.
by LVP (silently) A, E, G, H, I: °palabhyate; B, F, J-L, N: °pala-
kṣate; C, J, M: °palakate; D: tarkikasyāpa°; em. by LVP (silently)

A-C, E-N: om.; conj. by LVP: [tatra]; Tib: de la A, E, H, I: yap
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: aiva; B, C, G, J, M, N: eva; em. by LVP: evam;
Tib: ’di skad du A-C, E-N: yuktaṃ P: prayogavākya

A, D, E, F, H-L: atad; C, G, M, N: ata; conj. by LVP: [atra]
prayogavākyaṃ bhavati; Tib: n.e. etat: ’dir sbyor ba’i tshig tu ’gyur
ba ni. PsP Tib cites from PP Tib: ’dir sbyor ba’i tshig tu ’gyur ba ni.
A-C, E-N: parārtha; conj. by LVP: para[m]ārtha[ta] D:
ādhyālmikāny D, M: āyatenāni G: svatantra Q: om.

utpannāni vidyamānatvāt caitanyavat || iti | kimarthaṃ punar atra
paramārthata iti viśeṣaṇam upādīyate || lokasaṃvṛtyābhyupetasyotpā-
dasyāpratiṣidhyamānatvāt pratiṣedhe cābhyupetabādhāprasaṅgād iti
cet | naitad yuktaṃ saṃvṛtyāpi svata (eyeskip: svata utpannāni →
svata utpattyanabhyupagamāt); D: ulpannāni A, E: vidyamā-
tatvāt

्
च ैतवत ॥

ु ् अ परमाथ त इित िवशेषणम ् उपादीयते ॥
इित िकमथ पनर

i ृ ापेु तोादाितिषमानात ् ितषेध े
लोकसंव

(Y/Y चापेु तबाधासाद ् इित चेत,् न ैतद ् य
ु ं संव
ृ ािप त

ु
उनपगमात ्॥ 5
iयथों सू े –
A: om. caitanyavat || iti | kimarthaṃ punar atra paramārthata iti viśe-

ṣaṇam upādīyate || lokasaṃvṛtyābhyupetasyotpādasyāpratiṣidhyamā-
natvāt; B, E, F, H-L, N: °vād; D: caivanyavad; C, G, M: caitavyavod;
em. by LVP C, G, M: kimarthaḥ; E, H-L, N: kimartha; F: kima-
tha; em. by LVP (silently) D: puner; G: punav; Tib: n.e. punar

C, G, J, M, N: viśeṣam B, C, E, G-N: upādāyate; F: upādāyete;
em. by LVP (silently) C, E, H, J-L: °bhyupatasyo°; D: lokaśaṃkṛ-

tyātyuyetasyānpādasyāpratividhyamānatvāt; F: °saṃvṛtyātyūpatasyā-
tpādasyā°; G: °saṃvṛtyātyupatasyo°; I: °bhyupatasyotpāda≈tiṣi-
dhya°; M: °saṃvṛttyātyupatasyo°; N: °bhyupatasyo...mānat; em. by
LVP (silently): °bhyupagatasyo°. De Jong (1978: 31) refers to PsPL
26.3’s cābhyupetabādhāprasaṅgād as support for the reading °bhyu-
petasyo°. C: cābhyupata°; D: vātyuyaṃtabādhā°; F: cātyūpeta°;
G, M: cātyupata°; H: cābhyuyeta° A, E: savṛtyāpi; F: savṛttyāpi

I: svataḥ A, E, H, I: utpatyenabhyu°; B: utpattyenābhyu°; C, J,
N: utpastyenabhyu° (N: utpattyena°?); D: utpatyunatyupagamāt; F:

utpattenetyūpagamāt; G: utpastyanatyu°; K: utpattenabhyu°; L: utpa-
ttyenabhyu°; M: utpastyenatyu°; em. by LVP (silently)

स चायं बीजहेतको ु ऽर उमानो न य तो न

ु ो नेरकालाणु कृ ित-
ु 
परकृ तो नोभयकृ तो नाहेतसम

भावसूतः ॥
इित।
5 तथा

बीज सतो यथारो न च यो बीज ु स च ैव अरो । )Y

न च अ ु ततो न च ैव तद ् एम ् अने ु दमशात &Y

धमता ॥

इित ।
C, G, H, M: cāpam; D: vāyaṃ C, G, J, M: °hetukāṃ; D: °hetokā

A, E, F, H, I: ākula (ā conjoined with preceding word); B: āṅkula; C,
G, J, M, N: ’kula; D: ’kuraṃ; K: ’ṃkula; L: ’≈ula G: svayuṃkṛto;
M: svayatkṛto F, K: om. F, K: om. D: nohaya°; I: °kṛtoḥ
M: °pano A, E: °prakṛtiśvabhāva°; D: naiśvarakālā≈pra°; F, K:
°kālāṇupakṛtiśva°; L: °kālāṃuprakṛtiśva°; M: °kālāśuprakṛti°

D: °karo; F: yathākuro A-N: yā; em. by LVP (silently) A,
F: bija; B, D, E, H-J, L, N: bījaṃ; C, G, M: bīja; K: bījaḥ; em. by LVP

(silently) G: caivī G: kuro A, E, F, H, I: anyū K:
ne A, E, L: vaiva Em.: em (cf. BHSD s.v. em). P, Q: evam;
A-L, N: evam; M: evatadevam; PsPL: evam. See Translation note.

I: anukṣ(?)edama°; em. by LVP (silently): °da aśāś°; Lalitavistara
(Lefmann): °da aśāś°. The metre is not affected by the inclusion of

the m of the mss’ °dam, which I understand as a hiatus bridger. On
the verse’s metrical problems, see Translation note. P: ⊗; D:
dharmajeti (sandhi with following iti); N: dharmma H: °tiḥ


,U इहािप वित –

%Y+U ती यद ् यद ् भवित न िह तावत ् तद ् एव तत ।्

्
न चाद ् अिप तत ् तान नोिं नािप शातम॥्

इित ॥

i परमतापे ं िवशेषणम ् इित चेत ् , तद ् अयम
ु ्, 5

-Y संव ु
ृ ािप तदीयवानपगमात ् । सयािवपरीतदशन- PsPL 27

.U*Y पिरा एव िह तीिथका यावद ् उभयथािप िनिषे ,

ु एव सात इित । एवं परमतापेम ् अिप
तावद ् गण

$Y ु ते ॥
िवशेषणािभधानं न य
F, K: vakṣati A: pratitya D: ne D: tovat; H: tācat; I:
tācan M: om.; K: ted A-C, E-G, I-N: bhavati; H: bhavatiḥ;

em. by LVP (silently) Tib: n.e. ca H: ttat; Tib: n.e. tat P:
nācchinnaṃ; G, M: °na H: itiḥ D: paramatāyakṣaṃ N:

viśeṣeṇam; Tib: khyad par du byas ⁘ viśeṣaṇam M: api A-
E, G-N: ce; em. by LVP (silently) Q: om.; F: om.; Tib: de yang
Q: om.; D: umuktaṃ C: maṃvṛtyāpi; I: savṛ° A, E, H, I:
°bhyūpagamāt; B: °sthānetyupagamāt; D, G, M: °tyupagamāt; F:

°tyūpagamāt A-C, E, G, H, J, L-N: satyadvayādviparīta°; D:
°vipanīta°; F, K: satyadvayādviparītadarśanepari°; I: satyadvayādvi-

paritadarśanaparitrastā°; em. by LVP (silently) H: torthikā
N: yāvud C, G, J, N : ubhayayathāpi; M: ubhayeyathāpi
A: nipidhyaṃte; B: °dhyate; C, E, M: °dhyaṃte; F, K, L: tiṣidhya-
ṃte; H, I: niṣidhyanteḥ M: tācat H: itiḥ B: eṃvaṃ; F:

evem P: (para)matāp[2]; A, E: eramatāyekṣ; C, G, M: °pekam;
D: °yekṣam; F, K, L: peramatāyekṣ; H: eramatāyech; I: eramatāyakṣ

G: ayi G: pujyate

iनचािप लोकः त उिं ितपः, यतस ् तदपेयािप 1Y0Y

िवशेषणसाफं ात।् लोको िह तः परत इेवमािदकं 'U

िवचारमनवताय कारणात ् कायम ् उत इ ् एतावां
ितपः॥

5 एवमाचाय ऽिप वापयामासेित
i सवथा िवशेषण-

वैफम ् एव िनीयते ॥

अिप च यिद संव
i ु
ृ ोिितषेधिनरािचकीषणा िवशे-

षणम ् एतद ् उपादीयते , तदा तो ऽिसाधारः पदोष 4U
C, G: rāpi; Tib: n.e. ca A: tokaḥ; D: lākaḥ D: yates D:
tadayekṣayopi; H: tadayakṣayāpi A: viśaiṣāphalyaṃ; B, C, E-H, J-

N: viśeṣasāphalyaṃ; D: viśeṣesāphalaṃ; I: viśeṣasāphalya; em. by
LVP (silently) D: lokā H: kāyakāraṇāt M: kāryāṃ A:
utpadyarte; E: utpadyaṃte C, G, M: rit; I: it H: tāvan°; I:
āvan° P: ⊗; B: °yāsāseti; I: vevasthā° P: [2](ṣa)[1].(ai)pha-

lyam; C, G, J, M: viśeṣeṇa°; D: °vaidaphalyam; F, K: viśeṣavai°; H:
°phalam; N: viśepeṇa° P: ⊗; A, E, F, G, K-M: niściyate; D:
ni≈ścīyate; H: niściyateḥ; I: niṣciyete P: Ø; D: padi Q: °ni-

rācikīrṣuṇa vatad (the akṣaras after °nirācikīrṣuṇa have been erased
and vatad [for etad] viṣeśaṇaṃ written as the correction); A, E, H:
°ṣaṇa; C, G, N: °nirāvikīrṣuṇā; D: °pratiṣedhanimacikīrṣuṇā; F, K:
°ṣaṇā; I: °pratiṣyedhanirācikīrṣaṇā; M: samvavṛtyo...nirāvikīrṣuṇā;
Tib: n.e. pratiṣedha: kun rdzob tu skye ba dgag par ’dod nas Q:
see previous note; D: atad H: upādiyateḥ Em. by LVP:

’siddhādhāre. LVP (PsPL 27, n. 5) writes, “La lecture des Mss. n’est
pas constante, ici et infra 30.10.15,” but at this point and at PsPL 30.10,
L, M, N (= Cambridge, Paris and Calcutta) and the other mss avail-
able to this study concur in reading ’siddhādhāraḥ (asiddhādhāra at
30.15 is in a compound). LVP adds, “Il faut, je crois, lire asiddhādhā-
raḥ pakṣa° (cf. 28.4).” A-C, E-L, N: °doṣe; M: doṣo; em. by

3Y आयािसो वा हेतदु ोषः ात ,् परमाथ तः तश ् चराा-
ु

,Y यतनानाम ् अनपु गमात ॥ ्

&U ृ ा
i संव ु
चरािदसावाद ् अदोष इित चेत,् परमाथ त इ ्

एतत ् तिह क िवशेषणम॥्

/U i सांवत
ृ ानां ु
चरादीनां परमाथ त
उिितष ेधाद ् 5

उिितषेधिवशेषणं परमाथ हणिमित चेत,् एवम ् त  ्

+Y एवम ् एव वं ात –् सांवत ु
ृ ानां चरादीनां परमाथ तो PsPL 28

ना ् उिर ् इित। न च ैवम ् उते । उमान े ऽिप

(U-U परैर ् सताम ् एव चुरादीनाम ् अपगमात
ु ् िसताम ्
LVP (silently)
A-C, E-N: āśrayosiddho; D: °siddhā; em. by LVP: āśrayasiddhau.
D: syāta D: pṛsvataś A: °yatanām B-D, G, M: anatyu°;
F: anatyū° A, E, F, H, I, K, L: savṛtyā A: °ādisabhāvād; B, E,

F, H, K, L: °ādisaṃbhāvād; C, J, M, N: °ādisambhāvād; G: °ādisam-
bhāyād; I: °ādiśaṃbhāvād; em. by LVP (silently) P: ⊗; D: edoṣa
Q: evan; I: atat P: Ø; D: kaisya; G: tasya I: sāvṛtānā
P: Ø; D: cakṣurāhīnāṃ F: paramārtha; N: °thaḥ A: utpa-
tte°; C, N: °pratiṣadhād; G, M: °pratiṣadhā; H: utpantepratiṣedhā; I:

°pratiṣedhā F: °viśaṣaṇaṃ; G: °pratiśedhaviśeṣaṇaṃ; H: utpati-
pratiṣedhaviṣeśaṇaṃ; M: utpāttapraṣedhaviśeṣaṇaṃ; Tib: skye ba

’gog pa’i khyad par yin no; em. by LVP (silently): °viśeṣaṇe M:
eva P: evan; C, G, M: evaṃm Tib: n.e. eva D, G: ca-
ktavyaṃ; N: °vya D: sāṃpratānāṃ A, E, H, I: °ādināṃ

M: nāty A: atpattir A: om. D: caivaṃm I:
ucyabhya D: ucyamāno A-C, E-N: ucyasatām; em. by LVP:

vastusatāṃ; Tib: rdzas su yod pa nyid du A, E, F, H, I, K, L:
cakṣurīdīnām P: Ø; B, D, G, M, N: atyu°; F: atyūpagamātaḥ


ु
चानपगमात ् परतो ऽिसाधारः पदोषः ािदित न *U%U.Y
ु मेतत॥्
य

iअथ ात –् यथािनः श इित धमधिमणोः सामाम ्
PsPL 29 एव गृते, न िवशेषः। िवशेषहणे िह स अन् मानान
ु ु यव-
मे )U

5 हाराभावः ात।् तथा िह यिद चातमु हाभौितकः शो गृते

ु
स परािसः । अथाकाशगणो गृते स बौ तो 1U

ऽिसः। तथा वैशिे षकािप शािनतां ितजानान यिद ,U
P: ⊗; A, E, H, K, L: dhyātenābhyu°; B, G, M: dhyānenātyu°; C, J,
N: dhyānenābhyu°; D: dhā(?)nenātyupagam(?)ārthat; F: dhyātenā-
tyū°; I: dhyātenābhyupamāgat; em. by LVP: anabhyupagamāt (silent-
ly); Tib: khas ma blangs pa’i phyir dang | H: °doṣā D: yathā-
danirtyuḥ; I: yathā ’nībhyaḥ H: dharmadharmīnoḥ; K: °dharmi-
ṇāḥ; N: °dharmmiḥ; Tib: chos dang chos can gnyis spyi; em. by LVP
(silently): linked with the following word to create the compound
dharmadharmisāmānyam. De Jong (1978: 31) points to the com-
pound dharmadharmisāmānyam at PsPL 29.5 which, in contrast to the
case here, has been translated as chos dang chos can spyi, that is,
without indicating Skt’s dual declension. I: sāmānem D: anu-
mānānumeyaivya°; H: °bhāva H: tadā; I: bhatā A: yahi
D: cāturmabhāhautikaḥ Q: gṛhyet; A, E, H, I: gṛhyateta; C, G,
M: gṛhya A, E, H: parato ’siddhaḥ; I: as A, °ddha A: °ṇā

Q: gṛhyeta; N: gṛhāte P: ⊗; A, C, E, G-N: baiddhasya; em. by
LVP (silently) F: to; M: svabhāto A-C, E, G-N: °syā; F:
vaiseṣikasyā; Tib: bye brag pa ... yang; PsPL: om. api A-C, E-N:
śabdo°; I: śabdonityetāṃ; em. by LVP (silently)

$U कायः शो गृते स परतो ऽिसः । अथ अिभः स

0U तो ऽिसः। एवं यथासवम ।् िवनाशो ऽिप यिद सहेतक
ु ः

स बौ तो ऽिसः । अथ िनह तकः ु स परतो ऽिस

इित । ताद ् यथा धमधिमसामामाम ् , एवम ् इहािप

&Y ु िवशेषणं हीत इित चेत ् ।
धिममामृ 5
H: kārya P: gṛhyata; Q: gṛhyeta; A, D, E: gṛhyete; C, G, M:
gṛhyata; F, J, K, L, N: gṛhyeta D: parāto D: dasiddhaḥ Q:

vānyaḥ; A: vyāryā; B, J: vyaṅgyaḥ(?); C, D, G, M: vyaṃgāḥ; E, F, I,
K, L: vyargyaḥ; H: vyargaḥ; PsPL: vyaṅgyaḥ; Tib: mngon par gsal bar
byas pa yin (abhivyaktaḥ). Cabezon (1992: 279), translating from the
quotation of the passage in the sTong thun chen mo, records mngon
par gsal bar bya ba. G: svate I: eve G: °sabhavaṃ F:
yayi N: svataḥ N: om. Q: om. P: nirahetukaḥ; A:
nirhatukaḥ; D: nihe° G: paro ’siddhaḥ; em. by LVP: parasyāsi-
ddha; Tib: pa rol po la ma grub. Earlier in the paragraph, pha rol po la

ma grub translates parasyāsiddhaḥ (its complement bauddhasya svato
’siddhaḥ is translated rang nyid sangs rgyas pa la ma grub pa yin);
gzhan la ma grub translates parato ’siddhaḥ (its complement svato
’siddhaḥ is translated rang la ma grub). The form parataḥ attested in
the mss may be considered the complement to svataḥ (the second
instance of bauddhasya svato ’siddhaḥ is translated sangs rgyas pa
rang la ma grub pa yin). C, G, J, M, N: om. N: yasmād
C: yathāte; G, M: yathātre I: °sāmātyamātram G: evas;
conj. by LVP: e[va gṛhyate (half daṇḍa) e]vam. Tib merely clarifies
with its preceding ’dzin pa what is understood through anuvṛtti in the
Skt; see de Jong 1978: 31. A, E, H, I: grahīpyata; C, D, M: grahī-
ṣyeta; G: gṛhīṣyeta; L: grahī≈yata A: cat

PsPL 30 न च ैतदेवम ् , याद ् यदैवोादितषेधो ऽ साधम

ऽिभेतः , तदैव धिमणस ् तदाधार िवपयासमाासािदता-

भाव ितः ु यम ् एवान ेनाीकृ ता । िभौ िह

िवपयासािवपयासौ । तद ् यदा िवपयास ेनासत ् सेन गृते +U

5 त ैिमिरके णेव के शािद , तदा कुतः सूतपदाथ लेशा ् /Y

उपलिः । यदा चािवपयासाद ् अभूत ं नाारोते िवत ैिम- -Y*Y
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ta G: tasmād; Tib: ’di ltar ⁘ yasmāt D:
yadaivātpāda°; I: °pratiṣyadho; M: °pratiṣadho; Tib: n.e. eva D:

tre A, E, H, I: pratas; D: hipretas A, E, F, H, K, L: dharmiṇes;
G: dharmmeṇas; I: dharmmines Q: °mātrasāditā°; D: °ātmahāva-
sya; N: viparyyāsemāditātma° F: °ti; I: pratpratiḥ A: avāne-
nāgīkṛtā; D: evānenāṃṅgīkṛtā; E, I, L: avāne°; G: evātenāṅgīkṛtā; H:

avanenāṃgikṛtā; Tib: ’dis rang nyid kyis khas blangs pa nyid ⁘ sva-
yam evānenāṅgīkṛtā D: hinnau D: viparyāsāviyayāsau
Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): yadā. P, Q: yathā; A-H, J-N:
yathā; I: yathāpi; Tib: gang gi tshe A, B, E, F, H-L, N: viparyāse-

nosat; C, G, M: viparyāseno; D: viparyāsenosat, after o, saṃvṛtiḥ
syād | ata evokta (= eyeskip forward [end of paragraph]) but then
deleted by enclosure in square brackets; em. by LVP (silently) N:
gṛhyete A, E, H: temitirikeneva; B, F, K, L: temi°; C, G, J, M, N:
tami°; I: temitirakeneva; em. by LVP (silently) M: keśodi
G: tada I: kuta A, E, F, H, I, K, L: °padārthalaśa°; C:
sadbhūtaparārthalasyāpy; D: sudbhūtapadārthalaṣesyāty; G: sambhū-

taparārthalasyāpy; J, N: sadbhūtaparārthalasasyāpy; M: sambhūtapa-
rārthalapy; em. by LVP (silently) C, G: apalabdhiḥ; M: āpala-
bdhiḥ A, H: cāpiparyā°; D: cāvoyathāsād; Tib: n.e. ca F:
adbhūtaṃ Q: na samāropyate (°samā° is a correction); A, E, F,

H, I, K: nādhāropite; B, C, G, J, L-N: nādhyāropite; D: nādhyoropya-
te; em. by LVP (silently): nādhyaropitaṃ; Tib: sgro mi ’dogs pa.
Yotsuya (1999: 101) retains LVP’s reading and assigns de Jong’s
(1978: 31) emendation nādhyāropyate (confirmed by ms P) to the

िरके णेव के शािद, तदा कुतो ऽसूतपदाथ लेशा ् उपलिर ्

.U येन तदान संविृ तः ात॥्

अत एवोम ् आचायपादैः –

,Y यिद िकिद ् उपलभेय ं वतयये ं िनवतयये ं वा।

ािदिभर ् अथस ् तदभावान मे ् ऽनपालः॥
ु 5
इित॥

यतश च ् ैवं िभौ िवपयासािवपयासौ , अतो िवषाम ् अिवप-

%Y यासावायां िवपरीतासवात ् कुतः सांवत ृ ं चरु ् य
variant level. He further reports H, I and J as reading nādhyāropyeta

but none of the three attest this reading.
A: vitemirikerameva; B: vitaimiriṇeva; C, E, G, I, J, L-N: vitemi°;
D: vitemitirikeṇeva; F, K: mirikeṇeva; H: vitesirikerameva; em. by

LVP (silently) Tib: de’i tshe na yang ⁘ tadā C, G, J, M, N:
kutoḥ A: madbhūta°; E, H-L, N: sad°; C, G: sad...laśasyāpy; D:

’sabhūtapadārthalaśesyāpy; F: °padārthalenasyāpy; M: satbhūtadā-
rthalasasyāpy Q: tvena; C: ṣyana; G: yāna; M, N: yana D:
tadānāṃ; I: °nī D: °ti; G: savṛtiḥ; N: daṃvṛtiḥ F: yevoktam;

Tib: adds kyang A: ācāryāpādaiḥ; B: °padair; D: ācāryaryādaiḥ;
H: ācāryayadai H: kiṃci I: upalabhayaṃ. The parasmaipā-

da suffix with upa√labh is unusual (as opposed to its use in Pāli);
perhaps BHS? I: pravarttayayaṃ; J: pravarttaṣeyaṃ C, G,
M: om.; H: °nivarttayepaṃ; N: nivarttayaṃ H: pratakṣādibhir;

M: tyakṣādibhir; N: pratakādibhir D, G: arthes; M, N: athais
B: caiva; Tib: n.e. ca A: viparyyāsāviparyāsāviparyāsav; E, H,
I: °sav B, C, G, J, M, N: eto N: viduḥkhām; Tib: n.e. vidu-

ṣām D: avipayati | vasthāyāṃ; em. by LVP (silently): aviparītā-
vasthāyāṃ D: vipatāṃtasyā°; I: viparītasyātasaṃ° A, E, H,
I: kuta C, G, J, M, N: cakṣu

धिम ं ािदित न ावतत े ऽिसाधारः पदोष आयािसो

ु
वा हेतदोष ्
इ अपिरहार एवायम ॥् 1Y(Y

i िनदशनािप नाि साम ् । त िह शसामाम ्

अिनसामां चािववितिवशेष ं योरिप संिवते । न  ्

5 एवं ु
चःसामां शूताशूतावािदां संव
ृ ाीकृ तं

नािप परमाथ त इित नाि िनदशनसाम ् ॥ 4Y&U3U
'Y
N: °tva I: ta Tib: ldog pa med pa nyid pas ⁘ na vyāvartate
[...] iti Em. by LVP (silently): ’siddhādhāre Tib: gzhi ma grub

pa’i phyogs kyi skyon dang | gzhi ma grub pa’i gtan tshigs kyi skyon
⁘ ’siddhādhāraḥ pakṣadoṣa āśrayāsiddho vā hetudoṣaḥ. Cp. Tib §45
(= LVP 27.8) gzhi ma grub pa’i phyogs kyi nyes pa ’am | gzhi ma
grub pa’i gtan tshigs kyi skyon for a reflection of the same construc-
tion with vā. C, G, M: doṣar D: āparihāra; F: eparīhāra; K, L:
aparīhāra H: yevāyaṃ C, G, J, M, N: nidarśasyāpi P:
śāmyaṃ; G: māhātmyaṃ Q: śabdasāmānyamānyam; C, G, M:

śabdaṃsā°; D: vadasāmānyam; H: saṣṭaṣāmānyam; I: śabatsāmānyam
A, E: atityasāmānyaṃ; B, F, H-J, N: anityasāmānyaṃ; C, G, M:
om.; K, L: anityamāmānyaṃ; conj. by LVP: anitya[tā]sāmānyaṃ; Tib:

mi rtag pa nyid kyi spyi A, E, F, K: vāvivarjitaviśeṣa; B, C, G, J,
M: vā°; D: vovivakṣita°; H: cāvivarjitaviśeṣa; I: vāviva≈itaviśeṣa; L:
vāvivajitaviśeṣa H: °teḥ A: aṃva; C: aṃñ; E, F, H, I, K, L:
eva; G: añ; M: aṃ A: °sāmānya; I: cakṣusā° A: śūnyatāvā-
dibhāṃ; B, K: °vādityāṃ; D: śunyatāvādityāṃ; F: śūnyatāśūnyatāvā-

tyāṃ; G, M: °vādityāt Q: sāṃvṛtyā°; A, E, H, I: gīkṛtaṃ; D:
samvṛtyāṃgākṛta; F: āgākṛtaṃ; G: mavṛtyā°; K, L: rgīkṛtaṃ A,
B, E-N: nopi; C: no | pa; em. by LVP (silently) D: nyasti Q:

nidarśanasāmānyaṃ; A: nidarśanāsāmyaṃ; F, K: sāmānyaṃ; em. by
LVP (silently): nidarśanasya sāmānyaṃ. De Jong does not record D’s
variant. Yotsuya (1999: 105, n. 114) relegates H, I and J’s reading to
the variant level. Tib: dpe la yang ’dra ba yod pa ma yin (the closing
phrase mirrors the opening line of this specific refutation).

i यश ् चायम ् अिसाधारपदोषोावन े िविधः , एष एव

$Y साद ् इ ् अ हेतोर ् अिसाथतोावन े यो ः । इं PsPL 31

)Y च ैतद ् एवं यत ् यम ् अनेनायं यथोो ऽथ ऽप- ु

गतस ् तािक के न । कथं कृ ा ।

0Y+Y स ् एवाािकायतनोादका हेादयः , तथा तथा- 5

,U गतेन िनदशात ् । यद ् िध यथा तथागतेन िनिदम ् ,
G, H, M: paś P: asiddhādhāraḥ pakṣadoṣodbhāvane; A: asiddhā-

dhārayakṣadoṣāhābhane; B, C, G, J, N: °doṣādbhāvane; D: asiddhya-
dhārapakṣadoṣodbhāvena; E, I, L: °doṣāhāvane; F: asiddhadhārape-
kṣadoṣāhārane; H: asiddhadhārayakṣadoṣahāvane; K: °dhārapekṣado-
ṣābhārane; M: °doṣātbhāvane; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I:
om.; B, C, F, G, J-N: vidhin; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I: ṣa;
D: eṣā. LVP (PsPL 30, n. 5) mistakenly reports that his manuscripts

attest eṣa eva sattvādibhyaḥ svahetor. A: satvā≈ A: ≈≈; B, C,
E-N: asva A: ≈≈r A, E, H, K, L: asiddhārthatāhāvane; B:

°ārthatādbhāvane; D: °ārthavodbhāvane; F: °ārthāhāvane; I: as A,
°na; M: °ārthatotbhāvane. Tib: gtan tshigs ’di la ma grub pa’i skyon
brjod pa la ⁘ asya hetor asiddhārthatodbhāvane. Tib’s skyon provides
symmetry with nyes pa (doṣa) of the compound in the relative clause.
LVP adds a conjectured api (PsPL 30.16: asiddhārthatodbhāvane [’pi]
yojyaḥ) on the basis of Tib’s yang (gtan tshigs ’di la ma grub pa’i
skyon brjod pa la yang sbyar bar bya’o). yang may represent api but it
may more likely be an interpretation of the ca found at the beginning
of the sentence. C, G, J, N: yājyaḥ G: naitad; M: raitad
P: eva Tib: ’dis rang nyid kyis ⁘ svayam apy anena C, D,
G, M, N: anenoyaṃ A, D-F, I, K, L: ’tho; H: tho; M: ’rpyo

D, F, G: tyupagatas A, E, F, H, I, K, L: tārkikeśa; D: tārkikaṇa
PsP : om. kathaṃ kṛtvā; Tib: ji ltar zhe na A, B, E, H, I: saty;
L
C, N: sans; G: sanm; M: sam D: evādhyānmikāyatenonpādako;
H: aṃvādhyatmi°; I: avādhyātmi°; M: evādhyātmi:kāya° D:
hatvādayaḥ; G: detvādayaḥ Q: gatena C, J: niderśāt; D:


्
तत तथा ्
, तथा शां िनवाणम॥ -U
इित,

्
अ परोपि साधनेदं षणम अिभिहतम ् अन ेन – *U

को िह भवताम ् अिभेतो ऽ हेथ ः , संव
ृ ा तथा

5 तथागतेन िनदशाद ् उत परमाथत इित। संव ृ ा चेत ् .Y

तो हेतोर ्अिसाथ ता । परमाथ तश ् चेत ् –

न सन ् नासन ् न सदसन ् धम िनवतत े यदा। /U
vinirdeśāt A: ≈i; D: i; I: bhi. PsP Tib mirrors PP Tib. G:
tathā A, B, E, F, H, K, L: tathāgatenā; C, G, M: gatenā; I:
tathāgate; J, N: gathāgatenā; em. by LVP (silently): tathāgatenāsti

Q: nirddaṣṭan; G: nirddeṣṭan
D: om.; H: tat tathāḥ F: śanta; G, K, M: śānta I: a D:
paroyakṣiptasya C, D, G, M, N: °asyadaṃ Q: abhimatam; D:

ahihitem Tib: n.e. hi. The passage has been copied (with minor
changes) from PP Tib. Q: bhagatām C, G: ehipratā; D: ahi-
pretā; M: ehipraptā; N: abhipratā G: gra D: hetvairthaḥ; H:

hatv° A, G: savṛtya; E, H, I: °tya M: om. A, E, I: nir-
de; F, H, K, L: nirded G: u C: paramāta; G: °te; I: paramā-
rtha; M: pamāta; PsP Tib reflects PP Tib’s don dam par gsungs pa’i
phyir C, M: °tya; G: savṛtya D: vet; N cat A: satya; B,
C, G, J, L-N: svatā; D: syatā; E, F, H, I: satā; K: tyāta; em. by LVP
(silently) A-C, E-G, I-N: °to; H: asiddhārthatva; em. by LVP
(silently). D adds: | tadyathā | śāntaṃ nirmāṇam (sic) iti (= eyeskip

back to end of first PP citation in §50 [PsPL 31.3]) A: paramā-
rthanaś; F: paramarthata; I: °tas A-N: ceta; em. by LVP (silent-

ly) H: naṃ I: saṃn A, E, F, H, I, L: nāsun P:
sadaśad A-C, E, G-J, L, M: nivartyate; D: nirvartyate; F, K: niva-

rtyata; N: nivatyāve; em. by LVP (silently)

सदसभयाककाययिनराकरणात ् तदा –

 ो हेतरु ्एवं सित न य
कथं िनवतक ु ते॥

 ो हेतिु रित वााथ ः । ततश ् च परमाथतो
न ैवासौ िनवतक

 ािसेर ्
िनव िनवतक अिसाथ ता िवाथ ता वा

हेतोः ॥ 5
इित॥

यतश ् च ैवं यमेवामनु ा ायेन हेतोर ् अिसिर ् अीकृ ता-

%U1U न ेन तात ् सव ् एवानमानु ेष ु वधमपहे
ु तकेु ष ु
P: sadaśad°; Q: °nirākaṇāt; A: °ātmakakāyapratyaya°; C, G, J, N:

°ātmeka°; E, H, I, K, L: °ātmakakāyāpratyaya°; F: °ātmakāyāpratya-
yatvanirākaraṇot; M: °āmeka°; em. by LVP (silently) P: nirvatta-
tako; A-C, E-N: nivarttako; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I, K, L:
eva; F: aiva Em.: na. P, Q: hi; A-N: hi; PsPL: hi; PsP Tib: mi. See
note on MMK I.7 (Translation §143). D: naivasmai; M: °so
A, B, D-I, K, L, M: nivarttako; C, N: nivattako; J: v(?)ivattako; em.
by LVP (silently) N: °thāḥ I: tataḥś N: parathato

Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): nirvartyanirvartakatvāsi-
ddher. P: nirvatya°; Q: °nirvvartakāsiddher; A, B, E, H, I, K, L: ni-

vartyanivarttaka°; C, G, J, N: nivarttakatvā ’siddher; D: nivartyaniva-
rtyakatvādasiddhair; F: nivartyanivarttakṛtvā ’siddher; M: as C, om.
avagraha D: °to J, N: hetār Em. with LVP (LVP
emends silently): caivaṃ. P, Q: caiva; A-C, E-N: caiva; D: civaṃ;

Tib: de ltar, n.e. ca A-D, F, G, I-N: nāyena; E, H: tāyena; em. by
LVP (silently) A: asiddhi | r; E, H, K, L: asiddhi || r; F: asiddhi r

A, E, I, K, L: aṃgīnena; D: aṃgīkṛtonena; F: aṃginena; H: aṃgi-
naṃna A, E, H, I: sarveṣ D: ecānu°; F: evānusānesāneṣu;
Tib: n.e. eva Q: °hetuṣu; D: vastudharmāpanya°; G, M: °dha-

rmopavyasta°; H: vatsudharmo°

त एव हेादीनामिसात ् सवाय ् एव साधनािन ा-

हे ।
iतथा – &Y

न परमाथतः परेस ् तये आािकायतन- ,Y

5 ्
ज परात तथा घट ॥

अथ वा

PsPL 32 न परे परमाथन िवविताश ् चरााािकायतन-
ु

 ाः या इित तीये परात ् तथा
िनवतक

तादयः ॥
D: svate C, G, J, M, N: eve; H: yeva; Tib: rang la ⁘ svata eva

A, E, H, I: sarvann; B, F, G, J-M: sarvānn; C, N: sarvvānn; D: sar-
vāṇ; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I: evamā; Tib: n.e. eva A,
E, F, H, I, K, L: sādhanāvi; M: sādharāni I: °nyate A, C, E, G-
J, L-N: parebhya; B: paretya; D: paratyas; em. by LVP (silently)
B, D: °yetya; C: tatpatya°; F: tatpratyebhya; G: tatpatya; I: tapra-
tya°; M: tatpratyaya; N: tatpatya≈tya A, E, H, I, M: °kāyata-
janma; D: ādhyātmakāyatena°; F: °janme A, E, F, H, I, K, L:
°syā; C, G, M, N: paṭasya; PsPL: paṭasya; *LṬ: ghaṭasya; PsP Tib:

bum pa; PP Tib: bum pa H: vyā F: ta C: | vevakṣitāś;
D: vivarjitāś; G: vivakṣiś; N: vicakṣitāś A, B, E, H-J, L: °ātmi-

kāyatanavivarttakāḥ; C, G, M: °nivattakāḥ; D: °ātmakāyatenavivar-
ttakauḥ; F: cākṣurādyādhyātmikāyenanivartakā; K: °ātmikāyanani-
varttakāḥ; N: °kāyatanavivarttakāva; em. by LVP (silently) I:
pratya D: pratyāyante; N: pratyeyante. De Jong (1978: 31),

noting D’s pratyāyante and Tib’s nges te, tentatively suggests pratyā-
yyante. P and Q, however, attest pratīyante. I: paratvā Q:
yathā A-N: tatvādaya; em. by LVP (silently)


+U इित परािदकम ् अ त एवािसम ॥
्

iयथा चान ेन

-Y उा एवाािका भावास ् तिषयिविशवहार-

करणात ् ॥

(U*Y$U इ परािभिहत हेतोरिसाथ ताम ् उावियषणे
ु दम ् 5

उम ् –

अथ समािहत योिगनः ाचषु ा भावयाथां

पयत उादगादयः सि परमाथ त इित साते,
C, M: i F: paratvādīkam D: atu D: svate A: °ddha

P: cānye; A, F, I, K, L: vā°; H: vāneto (o sandhi); M: cānyeno (o
sandhi); Tib: n.e. ca C, G: otpanno (initial o sandhi); D: ātpannā
(sandhi with previous a); M: om. D: evodhyātmikā C, G, M:
°os C, M: °vyavabhākaraṇād; D: °viśiṣṭatyavyavahāra°; F, K:
taviṣaya°; G: °vyavabhākaruṇād; N: °vyavahākaraṇād; em. by LVP:

tadviṣayiviśiṣṭa°, citing PsP Tib: de dag gi yul dang ldan pa’i tha
snyad khyad par can byed pa’i phyir. See Translation note and the
occurrence below. A, E, H, I: itya I: parābhitasya Em.
with LVP (LVP emends silently): udbhāvayiṣu°. P, Q: udvibhāva°, A,
E, F, H-L, N: udvibhāvayiṣuṇeday; B: udvibhāva°; C: udvibhyavayi-
p(?)uṇeday; D: udibhāvāyeṣuṇedam; G: udvibhyavayipuṇeday; M:
udvityavayipuṇeday. I am not aware of the verb ud-vi√bhū being at-
tested and am unable to explain the mss’ reading. F, K: ukta
A, E, H, I, L: aya D: °ṣo F, K: °yathātsyaṃ; G: °yathā°;
N: °yāthātsyaṃ D: paśyete; M: paśyatu G: utpādatabyā-
dayaḥ; M: upāda° A, H: sanni M: paramārtha


तदा तिषयिविशवहारकरणहेतोर ् अिसाथता गतेर ् .U

्
अ उादितषेधाद ् एव िनषेधात॥् 0U

इित एवं कृ तसाधन े ऽिप

अगतं न ैव गते अाद ् गतावत ् ।

5 इित अहेतोः तो ऽिसाथता यो ा ॥ )U
D: taddā A: °hetoraṇaher; C, G, H, J, M, N: tadviṣayā°; D: °he-

tur; em. by LVP: 1) tadviṣayi°, 2) (silently) °karaṇād iti hetor, but cp.
adhvatvahetoḥ in Candrakīrti’s following parallel comment. PsP Tib:
de dag gi yul dang ldan pa’i tha snyad khyad par can byed pa’i phyir
ro zhes bya ba’i gtan tshigs; PP Tib: de dag gi yul dang ldan pa’i tha
snyad byed pa’i phyir ro zhes bya ba’i gtan tshigs. See the Transla-
tion note for the previous instance of this reason. A, E, F, H, K, L:
asiddhārthaḥtā; C, G, J, M: esiddhā°; D: asīddhārthatā; I: asiddhār-
thaḥātā F: gatet; H: garet A-C, E-N: utpādaniṣedhād; D: utpā-
daniṣodhād F, H: piḥ P: Ø; D: agadaṃ; I: agata. LVP conjec-
tures a preceding paramārthato on the basis of Tib’s don dam par. Q,

A-N: without paramārthato. P’s leaf has broken off, but there is just
enough space within the boundaries of the damage for the text as in
the edition above, and no extra space for the conjectured paramārtha-
to. See Translation note. A, E, H, I: vaiva; C, G, M: neve F:
gaṃyaṃte P: Ø; A: adhatvāt; C: °tād; E, F, H, I, K: adhatvād; G:

adhataṅ; L: adv(?)atvād; M: °tā P: [3](v)a̝d; A, E, F, H, I, K:
gatādhavad; D: °vah; L: gatādhv(?)ād P: ⊗; A-N: athahetoḥ; em.

by LVP (silently) Em. by LVP (silently): svata evāsiddhārthatā,
apparently on the basis of Tib: rang nyid la ma grub pa’i don nyid
C, G, M, N: yājyā; D: yodyā

परमाथ तः सभागं चू पं पयित चिु रियात ्
i न

तथा तभागम ।् PsPL 33

तथा

न चःु ेते पं भौितकात ् पवत ् ।

,U ्
खरभावा न मही भूतात तथािनलः । 5
A-N: paramārthaḥ; conj. by LVP: paramārtha[ta]ḥ A: samārga;
D: saṃbhāgaṃ; conj. by LVP: [sāśrayaṃ]; Tib: brten pa dang bcas

pa’i mig; Stcherbatsky (1927: 115, n. 5) emends to sabhāgam. LVP in
AKBhtr I.78, n. 2 refers back to PsPL 32 and n. 8 and corrects to sa-
bhāgam. Em. with LVP: rūpaṃ. P, Q: om.; A-N: om.; PsP Tib:
mig ni gzugs la lta bar mi byed; PP Tib: mig ni gzugs la lta bar mi
byed. In AKBhtr I 78, n. 2, LVP emends rūpam to rūpāṇi. Note, how-
ever, that the AKBh citation sabhāgaṃ cakṣū rūpāṇi paśyati just a
few sentences previous to Bhāviveka’s inference in PP is translated
rten mtshung mig ni gzugs rnams lta (PP D 76b5); only gzugs appears
in the PP inference (PP D 76b7). A: paśyatiś H: tathyatā
F, K: °bhāga Tib: zhes bya ba dang | de bzhin du ⁘ tathā C,
G, M: prakṣate A, E, H: tautikatvāt; C: bhautakatvāt; I: tautikata-

tvāt D: svarūpacat; G: om.; em. by LVP: rūpavat. LVP (PsPL 33,
n. 1) incorrectly reports his mss as attesting sarūpavat and states that
he bases his text on Tib’s gzugs bzhin no. MHK 3.41ab attests svarū-
pavat. Tib adds zhes bya ba dang between the inferences. A, E, F,
I, K, L: tadyathā alina; B, C, J, M, N: tadyathā || alina; D: tadyathā |
anila; G: tadyathā || ali; H: tadyathā alinar; LVP (PsPL 33, n. 2)
emends to tadyathānila (ityādiṣu) but mistakenly reports that his mss
(L, M, N) read tadyathā nalina.

इािदष ु हेािसिः त एव यो ा ॥ /Y

इित चायं हेतःु परतो ऽन ैकािकः – िकं साच ्
i साद ् &U

च ैतवन ् नाािकाायतनािन त उाम ्

्
उताहो घटािदवत त उाम ् इित । 1Y%Y

5 i घटादीनाम ् अिप सासमान ् नान ैकािकतेित 3Y

PsPL 34 चेत ् , न ैतद ् एवं तथानिभधानात ् ॥

i नन ु च यथा परकीये ् अनमान
ु ेष ु षणम ् उम ् ,

ु ेिप यथोषणसे
एवं ानमान सित स एवािसाधारा- +Y
Tib: zhes bya ba la sogs pa dag tu yang ⁘ ityādiṣu H: °siddhi; I:

hetvādesiddhiḥ; N: °dyahiddhiḥ F: ev; Tib: rang nyid la ⁘ svata
eva P: Ø; A, E, G-I, K, L: yojya; B, C, D, J, M, N: yojyaṃ; F:

ojya; em. by LVP (silently) P: Ø; A, E, H, I, K, L: setvād; C: sa-
svād; M: sas(?)vād P: Ø; A, C, E, H-J, L, N: cāya; F: vāha; G, K,

M: vāya; em. by LVP (silently) F: yetuḥ; I: hetu H, I: °ka
P: (s)a̞ttvā̞(c); A, B, E, I, K, L: sattyāc; D, F, M: satvā; G: nattvāc; H:
sattyā M: caitavyavat P: °ā̞tmikānyāya(t)a[1]ni; D: °ātmi-
kānyāyate D: om. P: ⊗; D: °tom; H, I: °tās P:
[1]+(p).dy.ntām; D: unpannadyantom A, E, I: i, followed by a

blank space with a line over it; H: i A, E, F, H, I, K: ghaṭādinām
PsP : om. api; Tib: yang P: °samatvan; F: °matān A, F,
L
K, L: tānai°; I: tānaikāntikaḥteti A, E, F, H, L: cain; B: ce; D:
ven; I: cai; K: cait H: tetad; I: tu(?)tad; K: retad C: evīṃ(?);
G, M: evī; I: avaṃ D: tadyathānahidhānāt; F: °dhātād; H: tathā-
vidhānāt A, E, I: va; D: ra; H: pa E, H, I: yathāṃ A:
parakiyeṣu; N: parakīyemv I: anamāneṣu I: duḥṣaṇam; N:

°ṇas M: uktem P: ⊗; C, G, J, N: °dūṣaṇaṃpra°; D: yetho-
kta°; M: °dūṣaṇaṃprasaṃ

-U ु
िसहतािददोषः ाोित। ततश ् च यश ् चोभयोर ् दोषो न

*U तेन ैकश ् चोो भवतीित सवम ् एतद ् षणम ् अयु ं जायत
इित॥

'U4U उते – तम ् अनमानं ु वु तामयं दोषो जायते। न वयं

तम ् अनमानं ु यु हे परितािनषेधफलाद ् अद- 5

.Y ु
नमानानाम ् । तथा िह परश ् च ुः पयतीित ितपः । स
P: [8]+(e)tvādidoṣaḥ; B, D-F, H, K, L: °hetvādidoṣaḥ; C, G, J, N:

evāsiddhārāsiddhahetvādidoṣaḥ; I: evāsiddhāḥdhārā°; M: evāsiddhā-
rāsiddhehetvādidoṣaḥ A, I: nataś Tib: n.e. ca P: Ø; C, M,
N: paś; D: ya | ś; em. by LVP (silently): ya P: [2](yo)r; A-C, E, G-
J, L, N: cobhayo; D: codbhayor; F, K: cobhaco; M: cābhayo; em. by
LVP (silently): ubhayor. I presume that ca belongs to the citation. Cf.
PsPL 34, n. 1, where the citation as it appears in the Sarvadarśanasaṅ-
graha is cited by LVP as yaś cobhayaḥ samo doṣo ... . C, G, M: ṣo
C, G, J, M, N: codyā A, E, H, I, M: bhavatiti; F: dbhavatīti;
PsPL: (printing error): bhavavīti A, D, H, I: eta; C, G, J, N: ed; M:

e M: dūṣaṇ P: om. svatantram anumānaṃ bruvatām ayaṃ
doṣo jāyate, possibly due to an eyeskip from °yate of ucyate to °yate

of jāyate; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: svatatram; D: svatantrem F: amā-
rna; G: anumānu C, G: cayaṃ H: śva° P: prayuñjā-

mahe; A-F, I, J-L, N: prayuṃjyāmahe; G: prayujyānāhe; H: prayun-
tyāmahe; M: prayujyāmāhe; em. by LVP; LVP incorrectly reports L,
M, and N as reading prayuñjāmahe. Tib: gzhan gyi dam bca’ ba
’gog pa tsam gyi ’bras bu can yin pa’i phyir A: °anumatānāṃ; B:
°nāṇāṃ; Tib: n.e. asmat Q: paraṃ; G: para; em. by LVP: paraṃ.
See Translation note. H: paśyatiti H: °nna

ु ेन िनराियते – चषु ः ाादशनधमम ्
तिसेन ैवानमान $Y

इिस परादशनधमािवनाभािवं चाीकृ तम ,् ताद ् य ,Y

य ाादशनम ,् त परदशनम ् अिप नाि ,
त

तथा घटे । अि च चषु ः ाादशनम,् तात ् पर-

5 दशनम ् अ न ैवाि । ततश ् च ाादशनिवं
Q: tatprasiddhenānu°; A, C, D, E, G-J, L-N: tatapra°; B: tataṃpra°;

F, K: tataprasiddhainaivānuna; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: n.e. eva
F: nirākriyete Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): svātmādar-
śanadharmam. P: Ø (only final m preserved); Q: svātmā ’darśanan

dharmmadarśanam; A: °daśāna°; B-D, F, J-N: °darśanaṃdharmam;
E: °daśanaṃdharmam; G: svānmādarśanaṃdharmam; H: syātmā-
daśanaṃdharmim; I: °daśanaṃdharmmam De Jong emends to
icchadbhiḥ; see Translation note. Em.: parādarśana°. P, Q: para-

darśana°; A: para...bhāvitaṃ; B-E, G, J-N: paradarśana°; F: para...vi-
nātmivitvaṃ; H: para...vināmāvitaṃ; I: paradaśana...bhāvitaṃ. LVP
accepts the reading paradarśana°. See Translation note. A, E, H:
vāṃgī°; F: cāgī°; I: vāṃgīkṛta A: yanna D: om. A, E, F,
K, L: °darśanay; H, I: syātmādarsanay A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om.;
N: tratra A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om. A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om.

A: sāsti; E: nā || sti; H, I: nāsi; L: nā | sti H: ghaṭaṃ; Tib: dper
na bum pa bzhin no ⁘ tadyathā ghaṭe H: aṣṭi P: cakṣuḥ

M: tasmā G: °darśaṇaṃm Tib: n.e. eva P, Q: see
following note; Tib: n.e. ca Em. with LVP: svātmādarśana°

(PsPL: svā[tmā]darśana°). P: cādarśanaviruddha (cā° represents the
text’s preceding ca conjoined with ādarśana°); Q: cātmadarśana°
(cā° represents the text’s preceding ca conjoined with ātma°); B, E-I,
K, L: svadarśana°; C, G, M: svadarśananiruddha; D: svadarśana; J,
N: svadarśanaviruddha; Tib: rang gi bdag nyid mi lta ba dang ’gal
bar. sva was presumably dropped by ms ζ (see Stemma) and thus
does not appear in either P or Q; the akṣara tmā was then dropped
from P.

ु ेन िवत इित॥
नीलािदपरदशन ं िसेन ैवानमान

0Y एतावाम ् अदनमान
ु ैर ् उात इित कुतो ऽे

यथोदोषावतारो यतः समानदोषता ात॥्

(Y i ु ् अतरिसेना ् अनमान
िकं पनर ु ेना ् अनमान-
ु

बाधा ॥ 5

&Y अि । सा च िसेन ैव हेतना ु , न परिसेन , PsPL 35

लोकत एव ात।् कदािचद ् िध लोके ऽिथ िथ ां
A-C, F, G, I-N: °na; D: om.; E, H: nīrādiparadarśana; em. by LVP

(silently) C, G: svaprasiddhanai°; M: svapraddhinai° P: Ø;
A: amṣadanumāner; B, C, F, G, J, K, M, N: °ner; D: °anumānaṃr; E,

H, I, L: ammadanumāner; em. by LVP (silently). Tib: n.e. asmat (in-
stead gang gi phyir = yasmāt) I: udbhāṣeta; M: utbhā° H:
°pakṣa; I: ’smatyakṣe A: °domāvatārā; B-N: °rā; em. by LVP

(silently) F, K: °doṣetā; G: °doṣātā; H: °doṣanā; N: °doṣa Q:
om. api; D: °praṣiddhenāpy; F, K: abhyatara°; I: aṇetara° D: anu-
mānenosty; G: umānemāsty A, E, H, L: anusānabādhya; D, G:
°bādhya; F, K: anusānubādhya; I: anusanabādhya; M: anusānabādhā

C, G, M: ra; LVP (PsP 34, n. 9) reports that his mss read asti sāra,
L
but this is correct only as regards ms M (Paris). A: svaprasid-
dhanaiva D: hetumā; M: henā; Tib: rang nyid la grub pa’i gtan

tshigs nyid kyis ⁘ svaprasiddhenaiva hetunā D: ni; H: om.
D: paraipra°; F, K: prasiddhedhenaiva hetunā na paraprasiddhena;
H: om. D: lokate A, C, E, F, G, H-N: vi; em. by LVP (silen-

tly) Q: rthipratyaye rthibhyāṃ; I: ’rthipratya; M: ’thi°

माणीकृ त सािणो वचन ेन जयो भवित पराजयो वा )Y/U

कदािचत ् वचन ेन ैव , परवचन ेन त ु न जयो नािप परा- 1U+U

जयः । यथा च लोके , तथा ाये ऽिप , लौिककैव व- -Y%U

हार ायशाे तात ु ्। *Y

5 i अत एव च कै िद ् उम ् – न परतः िसिवशाद ्

ु
अनमानबाधा परिसेर ् एव िनरािचकीिष ताद ् इित ।
F, H: pramāṇi°; I: om. pramāṇīkṛtasya sākṣiṇo vacanena jayo bhava-

ti parājayo vā kadācit svavacanenaiva paravacanena tu na jayo nāpi
parājayaḥ | yathā ca M: sākṣiśo A, E, F, H, K, L: vacanana
D: jayā D: °yā D: vāji A, E, F, H, K, L: kadāci F:
svavacanenaivaḥ; em. by LVP (silently): svavacanena; Tib: rang gi

tshig kho nas D: paravaicanena C, J, M, N: ja | yo; D: jayā;
F: kṣayo; G: ja || yo; H: janayo; K: ≈yo C, G, M: pi G, M:
°yāḥ Q: om.; D: va; Tib: n.e. ca H: nyāya D: pa

Q: vyahārasya; H: vyahārasya C, G, M: °śāstra; D: °śāsta
D: pastutatvāt; N: °tvāta F: caḥ; Tib: n.e. ca F, K: kaiś-
caid P: °vasād; A, B, D-F, H, K, L, N: °balād; C, J: °balod; G:

prasiddhabalod; I: prasiddhabalād; M: prasibalod; PsPL: °balād; Tib:
grags pa’i dbang gis D: °bodhā; F, K: anumānubādhā A-N:
parasiddher; LVP retains L, M and N’s reading in his edition but
notes (PsPL 35, n. 1) that Tib attests gzhan la grags pa and states,
“Lire paraprasiddher.” A, E, H, I, L: nirāvikirṣatvād; B: nirāci-
kīrṣatvād; C, G, J, M: nirovikirṣatvād; D, N: nirocikīrṣatvād; F: nirā-

siddher eva nirāvikiryatvād; K: nirāsiddher eva nirāvikirṣatvād; em.
by LVP (silently) A: īti; G, M: itī; I: yati; E, K, L: eti

.U i यस ् त ु मते – य एव तूभयिविनितवाची , स साधनं

षणं वा, नातरिससिधवाचीित , तेनािप लौिकक

वाम अन् मान
ु ेन यथो एव ायो ऽपेु यः ॥

,U i तथा िह नोभयिसेन ैवागमेनागमबाधा । िकं तिह।

ु े त ु सव िसिरेव गरीय-
िसेनािप । ाथानमान 5
Tib: n.e. tu H: taṃnyate Tib: n.e. eva Q: °vādī; A-C, E,

G, I-L, N: bhūbhaya...vādī; D: bhūtayaviniścitavāgī; F: bhūbhayavi-
niścitatvādī; H: bhūbhayaviniścītavādī; M: bhūbhapa; LVP (PsPL 35,
n. 3) records that his mss read bhūbhaya° and emends the text to read
ubhaya°; Tib: n.e. tu (unless the ni after de is intended as such) H:
mādhanaṃ; em. (?) by LVP (silently): pramāṇaṃ; Tib: sgrubs pa
I: duḥkhaṇaṃ Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently): nānyatara-
prasiddhasandigdhavācīti. P: nyataraprasiddhasandigdhavācīti (the

initial akṣara nā has been lost due to a correction); Q: °vādīti; A:
°prasiddhesadm(?)isadigdhavācīti; B, J, N: °prasiddhes°; C: nāvyata-
raprasiddhesavdigdhavācīti; D: °prasiddhaṃsaṃdiścavācīti; E, F, I,
K, L: °prasiddhesadigdhavācīti; G: nāvyataraprasiddheśavdigdhavā-
vīti; H: °prasiddhesadidhgavācīni; M: as C, °vāvīti H: nevāpi
D: lokikīṃ; F: laukiktī; G, M: °kī; N: laukiṃ Q: āśrityānumā-
nena (āśritya is a correction; Q’s original reading has been erased);

A-C, E-N: anuruddhamānena; D: anurupyamānena; conj. by LVP:
anurudhyamānen[ānumāne]; Tib: ’jig rten kyi tha snyad kyi rnam par
gzhag pa la brten nas rjes su dpag pa la ⁘ laukikīṃ vyavasthām anu-
rudhyamānena (cp. Q). See Translation note. I: yathākta P:
om. A, E, H, I: tyāyo; C, G, M: vyāmo A: °ya; D, F, G, N:

’tyupeyaḥ A-N: yathā; em. by LVP A: °prasiddhenavāga-
menāgacādhāṃ; B-C, G, J, N: °prasiddhenavāgamenā°; D: °bodhā;

E, H, I, L: °prasiddhenavāgamenāgabādhā; F, K: tobhayaṃprasiddhe-
navāgamenāgabādhā; M: notbhayaprasiddhenavāgamenā°; em. by
LVP A: kīṃ D: svaprasiddhanopi F: °nupāne; LVP
corrects PsPL’s svarthānumāne to svārthānumāne in his “Additions et


PsPL 36 सी , नोभयिसिः । अत एव तक लणािभधानं िनःयोजनं

यथािसयोपपा बै ु स ् तदनिभिवन ेयजनानहाद
ु ् $U

इलं सेन, कृ तमेव ााामः ॥

iपरतो ऽिप नोे भावाः पराभावाद ् एव । एतच ् च

5 न िह भावो भावानां यािदष ु िवते।

इ ् अ ितपादियित । तत पराभावाद ् एव नािप

परत उे।
अिप च
Corrections” (p. 597). D: sarvatu

A, E, H, I: gayasī G: °pralabdhīḥ; I: °prasiddhaḥ D: taka≈a-
kṣaṇobhidhānaṃ°; F, K: tarkāla° A: niḥṣayojanaṃ; D: prayoja-
naṃ; F, K: niḥpa°; G: °na; I: niḥ || ṣayojanaṃ Q: yathāsvaṃpra°;

A, C-N: yathāsvaṃpra°; B: yathātvaṃprasiddha°; em. by LVP (si-
lently); Tib: rang la ji ltar grags pa’i ’thad pas N: baddhais A:
tada | nabhijñavitayaja°; D: tadanabhijavineyaijanā°; E: tada | nabhi-
jñavinayaja°; H: tadaḥ || tabhijñavinayaja°; I: tadanabhijñatinayaja°;
Tib: de kho na mi shes pa’i ⁘ tadanabhijña° D: tyākhyāsyāmaḥ;
F: vākhyā°; M: vyākhyāśyāmaḥ; N: vyākhyārsyamaḥ A, B, E, H,

L: nopapadyaṃte; C, F, G, I, J, K, M, N: nopapadyante; D: nopapa-
dyaṃtaṃ; em. by LVP (silently) P: bhāvā; A: om. A: parā-
bhācād; D: parābhāvod Tib: n.e. eva Q: evaṃ; C, G, M:
evac; Tib: ’di A, E, H, I: di I: °nāṃḥ C, M: pratyeyādi-

ṣu D: atu; G: a; Tib: der ⁘ atra A, H: prativādayiṣyatī; D:
°yiṣyasi; E, F, K, L: prativāda°; I: pratiṣāda° Tib: n.e. ca A,

E, F, H, I, K, L: parābhāvābhāvād; C, G, M: parāsvavād A, E, H,
I: tāpi D: parate; N: pata

&U अत ् ती यिद नाम परो ऽभिवज जाये
् त तिह बलः

िशिखनो ऽकारः ।

सव ज च भवेत ् ख सवतश ् च तं
ु परम ्

+Y अिखले ऽजनके ऽिप यात॥्

0U-U इािदना परत उिितषेधो ऽवस ेयः ॥ 5

*U ु पािलतस
iआचायब ् त ु ाचे –

3U न परत उे भावाः सवतः सवसवसात ् ।

इित ।

1Y iअाचायभािववेको ्
षणम आह –
D: anyata; G: anyan D: pratyītya; I: °tye A, B, D, E, H-L, N:

jāyet; C, G, M: jāyat; F: jāye; em. by LVP (silently) A-N: baha-
laḥ; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I: śiṣino D: ’dhakāraḥ; F:

’ndhaka≈; N: °ra G: sarvasva D: jatma C, G, M: bhavat
P: khaluḥ; Q: kalu; A: khala D: paralaim; H, I: paratom
C, G, J, M, N: akhila A-N: janake; conj. by LVP: [’]janake
D: inā; K: ityāhinā F, K: parama G: °prativedho P:
’vaśeyaḥ; Q: madhyamakāvatārād avaseyaḥ; C, G, M: veseyaḥ; conj.

by LVP (based on Tib): [madhyamakāvatārāt], added after ityādinā.
Tib: dbu ma la ’jug pa las nges par bya’o. See Translation note.
A: acāryya° A, E, H, I: vyāvaste A-C, E-N: ra; em. by
LVP (silently) F, K: utpadyate C, D, G, M: om. H:
savarsabhavaḥpra°; N: sarvasambhuva° PsPL: om. iti; Tib: ...

phyir ro || zhes Q: °bhāvaviveko; A: avācāryabaviveko; B, C, E-
N: atrācāryabhāvaviveko; D: atrācāryaryabhāvaviveko; PsPL: om.
atra; Tib: ’di la slob dpon legs ldan ’byed F: āhaḥ

PsPL 37 तद ् अ सवाात ् सासाधनिवपययं कृ ा त

उभयतो ऽहेततु ो वोे भावाः कुतित ् किचद ् /Y.Y,Y
(U
उेर ् इित ािवरोध इित । अथा सवतः सव-

सवसाद ् इ साधनषणानःपािताद ् अस- %Y

5 ताथ म ् एतत॥्

इित ।

एतद ् अ ्असताथ पूवम
 ् एव ितपािदताद ् षणाः- 4Y

पािताच ् च परिताताथषणेन ेित यत ् िकिद ् एतद ् )U
A, E: tada; D: tay; G: tatrat A, E, H, I: om., but leave a space
with a line drawn over it; F, K: apra; L: apr(?)a A: mādhya°; C,
G: °viparyyapaṅ; I: °viparjyayaṃ; M: °viparyapra C, M: kṛtvāt;
G: katvāt D: svate B: ubhayo F: vāḥ utpadyante A:
kutacit; L: kutasci A, E, H, I: kasyacicid P, Q: utpattir; F:

utpater P: prākpakṣyavirodha; A, E, H, I: prakapakṣa°; D: prā-
kapakṣāṃvarodha; F, K: prākapakṣa° PsP : om. iti C, M:

L
avyathā I: sarvvasabhaprasagād A, E: dhānadūṣaṇānaṃ-
taḥyālitvād; B: °dūṣaṇānaṃtaḥpālitvād; C, G, J, M, N: °pālitvād; F,

K: dhānadūṣaṇanantaḥpālitvād; H: dhānadūṣaṇānāṃtaḥpālitvād; I:
dhānadūṣaṇānāntapālitvād; L: as A, °taḥpālitvād; em. by LVP (silent-
ly) I: aśaṃga° PsPL: om. iti; Tib: zhes A: evaṃdam; B,
C, E-N: etadam; em. by LVP A: amagatārthaṃ; D, M: °tha; G:
asagatārtha; Tib: don ’brel pa med pa ma yin D: pūrvaṃs

N: °tvā P: dūṣaṇānantaḥ°; D: dūṣaṇānte | pātittvā; F: dūṣaṇān-
tanṛpatitvāc H: cā C, G, J, M, N: °duṣaṇeti; D: °naiti; Tib:
gong kho nar bstan zin pa’i phyir dang | gzhan gyis dam bcas pa’i don
sun ’byin bar byed pa yin pa dang | sun ’byin pa nyid kyang yin pa’i
phyir ⁘ pūrvam eva pratipāditatvād dūṣaṇāntaḥpātitvāc ca paraprati-
jñātārthadūṣaṇeneti A: yata; D, H: yet Q: kinchid; D: kiṃ-
rid D: aitad

ु ् य आीयते ॥
इित न पनर PsPL 38

नोपजाये भावा उभयपािभिहतदोषसात ्
i ाामिप

ेकम ् उादासामाच ् च। वित िह –

ाद ् उभाां कृ तं ःखं ाद ् एकै ककृ तं यिद।

इित ॥ 5

'Y ु
iअहेततो ऽिप नोे

हेताव ् असित काय च कारणं च न िवते।

$Y इािदवमाणदोषसात ्
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: puna D: yanna; H: yatsn(?)a D: āsthāya-

te; G, H: āsthiyate C, G, M: noyante; D: lopajānte; F: ≈opa°; I:
nopajñāyante A: bhāvāṭha A: bhaya...doṣasaṃgrān; C: °pra-
sagāt; E, H, L: °doṣasaṃgrān; F: °doṣagrāt; I: °doṣasaṃtrān; J: °pra-

sagān; K: °doṣasaṃgrāt A: pranyakam; D, I: pratyakam; F: pra-
tyekaṃm A, H, I: utpādāsīsāmarthyāc; E: utpādā≈āsāmarthyāc

P: vakṣyāti; H: vakṣyahi H: ti H: sād D: ubhātyāṃ
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: kṛte A: duḥkha; F, H: dukhaṃ A, C, E-
N: aikaikaṃ; B, D: ekaikaṃ; conj. by LVP: ekaika[kṛtaṃ]; Tib: re re

byas A: itī C: votpadyante; D: notyadyante; H: notedyaṃte
A-N: hetov; em. by LVP (silently) H: kāryāṃñ G: om.;
M: °ṇa A, E, H, I, M: om. A, C, E, G, H, J, N: iti || vakṣya-

māna°; B, F, M: iti | vakṣyamāna°; D: °māna°; F: iti (space) vakṣya-
māṇa°, I: iti || vakṣyamāṇadoṣaprasagāt; K, L: iti || vakṣyamāṇa°;
PsPL: iti vakṣyamāṇa°. Tib: zhes bya ba la sogs pas ’chad par ’gyur
ba’i skyon du thal bar ’gyur ba’i phyir

ु  ं ाद ् यद ् एव गगनो-
गृते न ैव च जगद ् यिद हेतशू &Y

लवण गौ ।

इािददोषसाच ् च॥

ु
iआचायबपािलतस ् ाह –

5 ु नोे भावाः सदा च सवतश ् च सव-
अहेततो

सवसात ् ॥ +U

इित ॥

iअा ् आचायभािववेको षणमाह –
C, G, I, M: gṛhyata; H: gṛheta F: naida A, E, H, I, K, L:
kṣagad; F: kṣagac F: cadi; G: yahi A: sād F: ≈advad

D: e P: °gandhād; A, E, H: gaṇotpalavarṇagaṃdhāv; C, G, J, M:
gagaṇātpala°; D: gamanovarṇagaṃdhāv; F: gagaṇotpalavarṇagan-

dhād; I: gaṇotparavarṇa°; K: as F, °dhāv; N: as C, °varṇṇa° A, E,
H, I, L: ibhyādi°; F: °gā A, E, I, K, L: āryabuddhapālita; C, G, J,
M, N: °ta; F: āryabaddhapālita; H: āryabuddhapāli; em. by LVP (si-
lently) B, F, K: notpadyate; D: nānyadyante H: °vā D:
kadā D: cit | D: ata; N: savātaś D: va P: sarvva-
sambhaprasaṅgād; A, E, H: sava°; C, J, N: °prasagād; D: saṃbhava-

prasaṃgād D: ikiṃ; PsPL: om. iti; Tib: zhes A-C, E-N: om.
api; PsPL: om. api; Tib: yang A, E, H, I, K, L: °bhāvivekā; B:
°bhāvaviveka, va inserted from above; D: °bhavivekā; F: acāryabhā-

vivekā; I: °bhāvavivekā

*Y-Y अािप सवााद ् यिद िवपरीतसासाधनिर ् वा- PsPL 39

,U ाथ  इते , तदैतद ् उं भवित – हेततु उे भावाः

कदािचत ् कुतित ् किचद ् उेर ् आरसाफाच ्

ु ा ागदोषात
च इित सेय ं ाा न य ु ्॥

इित ॥ 5
A, E, H, I: saṃgavākyatvāt; F: prasaga°; G: pratyakṣavākyatvāt

P: viparītasya sādhyasādhanavyaktir; A, E, H, I: viparitasādhana-
vyakti; B, C, G, J, M, N: °vyakti; F, K, L: viparītasādhanavyakti; PsPL:
viparītasādhyasādhanavyaktivākyārtha (= conjoined with following
compound); PsP Tib: gal te bsgrub par bya ba dang sgrub par byed pa
bzlog pa gsal ba ngag gi don du mngon par ’dod na C, G, M: vā-
kyārtharit; D: tha; J, N: °thaḥ I: dūṣyate A: daita; E, H, I:
daitad A, F, K: utpatte; E, H, I, L: utpante G: °ā C, G, M:

om.; I: kadācitta F: kutacit N: om. P: utpadya(n)t(e); Q:
utpattir; F, G: upatter; I: utpanter Em. with LVP: ārambhasāpha-
lyāc. P: cārambhasadbhāvād; Q: ārambhasadbhāvād; A, E, H, L: ā-
raṃbhasammāvād; B, I: āraṃbhasaṃbhāvād; C, F, G, J, K, M: āram-
bhasaṃbhāvād; D: ārambhasabhāvād; N: as C, °sambhā°; PsP Tib:
rtsom pa ’bras bu dang bcas pa nyid du ’gyur ba’i phyir. The akṣara
pha must have been read or interpreted as dbha, and l of lyā inter-
preted as or changed to va; the rest of the word must have been “cor-
rected” once °sadbhāvāc was thought to be the correct reading. LVP
(PsPL 39, n. 2) erroneously records his mss as reading ārambhasad-
bhāvād iti and °saṃbhavād iti. Em. with LVP (LVP emends si-
lently): ca. P, Q: om.; A-N: om. The akṣara cca, of which the lower ca
– prior to reaching ms ζ – had probably degenerated to a black
smudge that caused the akṣara to be read as t virāma, would have
finally been changed to d (see previous note) for the sake of sandhi.
G: sayaṃ; I: syayaṃ Q: ⊗; A-C, E-N: vyākhya; em. by LVP
(silently) D: yukta D: doṣād; G, I: prāguptadoṣād G: īti


iतद ् एतद ् अय ्
ु ं पूविदतपिरहाराद ् इ अपरे ॥ .U1U1Y

्
i यच
चा ु
म ् ईरादीनाम ् उपसहाथम ,् तदिप न य
ु म्

ईरादीनां परोभयपेष ु यथापगममु ् अभावाद ् 0Y
Tib: n.e. tat I: aktaṃ D, M: pūrvādita° D: apara; N: apa-

red iti || || atha khalu tāni daśabhuvaṇasthitadevaputrasahasrāṇibhaga-
vatodharmmadeśanāmanavataraṃsanavagāhatānāpy anadhis(or
m?)uvyamamāni utthayāsanet yaḥ prakrāntāni || pramuditābhūmisthi-
tādevā imaṃ sarvvadharmān iti || vivalābhūmisthitādevā imaṃ sarva-
dharmān iti || prabhākaribhūmisthitādevā imaṃ sarvadharmān iti ||
aściṃṣmatibhūmisthitadevā ima sarvadharmān iti || suraṅgasābhūmi-
sthitādevā imaṃ sarvadharmān iti || abhimuṣibhūmisthitādevān imaṃ
sarvvadharmān iti || duraṅgamābhūmisthitādevān ima sarvadharmān
iti || acalābhūmisthitādevān ima sarvvadharmān iti || sādhumatibhūmi-
sthitāvān ima sarvvadharmān iti || dhammameghobhūmisthitādevān
imaṃ savadhamān iti || imān tathāgatasya dharmmadeśanāṃ śrutvā
vigatarāgān sarvvadharmmān paśyanti vikalpana paśyanti || dānapāra-
mitām utpāditābhāvanā śīlaparamitām utpāditābhāvanā kṣāntipārami-
tām utpāditābhāvanā vīryyapāratām utpātābhāvanā dhyānapāramitām
utpāditābhāvanā prajñāpāramitām utpāditābhāvanā upāyapāramitām
utpāditābhāvanā praṇidhipāramitām utpāditābhāvanā varapāramitām
utpāditābhāvanāa jñānapāramitām utpāditābhāvanā || evam asvabhā-
vo nanāvaraṇāt || tenākāśasthitena cekasākālaṃ kurvanti || cittamano-
ramasaṃjñitaśreṣṭāḥ svarṇṇavimānaṃ j(?)laṃtimanojñāḥ (this last
line occurs in PsPM §80) P: om. uktam; A-N: om. uktam; PsP :
L
om. uktam. The translators of Tib appear to have considered īśvarādī-
nām upasaṅgrahārtham to be a citation; these exact words do not
occur in the first chapter of Bhāviveka’s PP (Candrakīrti is merely
summarizing). PsP Tib: gang yang dbang phyug la sogs pa nye bar
bsdu ba’i phyir yin no zhes bya ba de yang rigs pa ma yin te ⁘ yac
cāpy uktam īśvarādīnām upasaṅgrahārthaṃ tad api na yuktam A,
E: °ādinām; F: iśva°; H: iśvarādinām; M: īśca° P: upasaṅgrahār-
thaḥ; D: apa°; F: °tha; G: upasagrahagrahārthan H: iśva°; M:

/U इित ॥

iतात ्
सािधतमे ्
तन ना ् उाद इित। उादासवाच ्

ु
च िसो ऽनादािदिविशः ु
तीसमाद इित ॥

अाह – येवम ् अनादािदिविशः
i ु ु
तीसमादो

%U ् भगवतोम ् –
वािपतो भविर ् यत तिह 5

अिवायाः संारा अिवािनरोधात ् संार-

िनरोधः ॥
īsva°; N: īśvarādanāṃ D: svaparābha°; G: °bhayayakṣeṣu; I:
°pakṣaṣu P: yathā cābhyupagamam; A, E, H, K, L: °bhyupagam;

D: yathātyupagem; F: yathātyupagam; I: yabhupagam; M: yathātyupa-
gan C, M: antabhāvād; F, K: attarbhāvād; G: antayāvād; I: abhar-
bhāvād; N: anyabhād
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: repeat from seyaṃ vyākhyā to iti (with minor
scribal variants); H begins the dittography with esaṃ vyākhyā; B:

repeats seyaṃ vyākhyā na yuktā prāg uktadoṣād iti ||; Tib: n.e. iti
A, E, I: nāsbhy; F: nāty; H: nārabhy; K: nāḥbhy, (L could be read as
nās(ḥ?)bhy) Tib: n.e. ca (the previous sentence in Tib ends, how-
ever, with la) C, G, M: nutpādiviśiṣṭaḥ; D: ’nutpādādiśiṣṭaḥ I:

pratitya° Tib: n.e. iti D, I: yadyavam B: anutpādidoviśi-
ṣṭaḥ F, K: vyavasthānapito; em. by LVP (silently): vyavasthito

A, E, H: bhavatiḥ; D: bhavāṃbhaḥ; F, G, I, K, M: bhavati; Tib: n.e.
bhavadbhiḥ A, E, K, L: hemavatārktam; B, C, F, G, J, M, N:
hemavatārkam; H, I: hevamatārktam; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: n.e.

uktam A: °ptatyāyāḥ; F: °yā; H, I: °pratyāyāḥ D: saṃskā-
rādiḥ C, G, M: °nirodhaḥ; F: °dhā; K: °nirādhaḥ A: maṃ-
skāranirādhaḥ; C, G, M: om.; E, H, K, L: °nirādhaḥ; I: saskāranirā-

dhaḥ. Tib adds a following ces bya ba and in accord with Tib, LVP
(silently) adds iti; LVP does not, however, add iti after the other cita-
tions in this section for which Tib attests a closing zhes bya ba. None

तथा

 ः।
अिना बत संारा उादयधिमण

PsPL 40 ु
उ िह िने तेषां पशमः ु
सखम ्॥ (Y

तथा
of the manuscripts attest iti after °nirodhaḥ.

C, G, J, M, N: tathāpi; Tib connects the quotations, both here and
before each of the following translated tathās, with a dang Q:
anityāś ca (śca is a correction); C, G, J, M, N: nityā; em. by LVP (si-

lently): anityāś A, E, H, I: vate; B, C, F, J-N: cate; G: cāte; LVP
(PsPL 39) retains the reading ca te found in his mss. De Jong (1978:
32) corrects to anityā bata in reliance on ms D, PsP Tib (kye ma ... mi
rtag) and Udānavarga I.3. I: saskārā A, E, H, I: °vyayadhar-
mitaḥ; F: °vyayadharmi≈ḥ; J: upadya; M: utpādya; N: unpādya

A: tirurudhatte; E, K, L: nirurudhyante; F: ni | rurudhyante; H, I:
tirurudhyante; M: ṣāṃ A, E, H, I: vyupadāmaḥ; C, M: vyupa-

samaḥ; D, N: vyapa°; F: vyupaṣama; G: vyupasanaḥ P: (sukh)a̝+;
A, E, H, I: murkha; C, G, M, N: sukhan; F: mūrkha; K, L: surkha; em.
by LVP (silently): sukhaḥ. See Translation note. P: Ø, damage to
P after sukham is such that approximately the next 10-11 akṣaras are
missing; when the text becomes readable again, the words yaduta
catvāra appear; Q: iti tathā utpādād vā tathāgatānām anutpādād vā
tathāgatānāṃ sthitir aiṣā dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā dharmmadhātus tathā
kāmābhāvaḥ paraṃ sukham; A: tathā utpādād vā tathāgatānām utpā-
dād vā tathāgatānā sthitauvaiṣā dharmānā dharmatā; B, C, J, N: tathā
utpādād vā tathāgatānām utpādād vā tathāgatānāṃ sthitaivaiṣā dhar-
māṇāṃ dharmatā; D: tathā utpādād vā tathāgatānām enunpādād vā
tathāgatānā sthitauvaiṣā dharmatā; E, H, I: tathā utpādād vā tathāgatā-
nām mutpādād vā tathāgatānā sthitauvaiṣā dharmānā dharmatā; F, K,
L: tathā utpādād vā tathāgatānām utpādād vā tathāgatānā sthitauvaiṣā
dharmāṇāṃ dharmatāḥ; G: tathā utpād vā tathāgatānām utpādād vā
tathāgatānā sthitaiveṣā dharmānā dharmatā; M: tathā utpādād vā ta-

+Y$U,Y एको धमः सितये यत चार आहाराः ॥
&U)Y

ौ धम लोकं पालयतो ीश ् चापां च॥

इािद ।
तथा

परलोकाद ् इहागमनम ् इहलोकाच ् च परलोकगमनम ् ॥ 5

*U इ ्एवं िनरोधािदिविशः ु ादो देिशतो भगव-
तीसम

-U.Y ता स कथं न िवत इित॥
thāgatānām utpādād vā tathāgatānāṃ sthitaivaiṣā dharmāṇā dharmatā;

PsPL: tathā utpādād vā tathāgatānām anutpādād vā tathāgatānāṃ
sthitaivaiṣā dharmāṇāṃ dharmatā; PsP Tib: zhes bya ba dang | de
bzhin du | de bzhin gshegs pa rnams byung yang rung | de bzhin
gshegs pa rnams ma byung yang rung | chos rnams kyi chos nyid ’di
ni gnas pa kho na ste zhes bya ba dang |. See Translation note.
P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ekau P: Ø; D: °yeṃ; I: °sthitoye A,
E, H, I: vatvāra F: °rā Q: dharmmo; A, E, F, H, K, L: dhar-

moka; C, G, J, M: dharmo; I: dharmokaḥ; N: dharmā; em. by LVP
(silently) P: ⊗; A, E, H, I: loka; F, K, L: lo C, G, J, M, N: pāla-
to; I: pālayeto A, H: hriś Q: cāpyatrāpyaṃ; A, B, D-F, H-L, N:
°pyaś; C, G, M: cāpatrāpaś; em. by LVP (silently) B: °diḥ
A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ihāgatam; C: ihāgamanebh(?); G, M: ihāgama-
neś; D: iphāgamanam D: ihaloko D: om. D: gamanam;

G: palokagamamaṃ F, G, H, I: °ṣṭa; M: nirodhādiśiṣṭaḥ D:
pratītyasumu°; H: pratityaḥsam° H: °tāḥ; I: bhāvatā; Tib: n.e.

bhagavatā A-N: nirudhyata; LVP (PsPL 40, n. 5) retains his mss’
reading but notes, “Le Tib. fournit une lecture préférable: virudhyate
(’gal ba). Le sens paraît être kathaṃ na sūtravirodhaḥ.”

ु
यत एव िह िनरोधादयः तीसमादोपले , अत

PsPL 41 एवेदं ममकशां णीतम ् आचायण न ेयनीताथ सूा-

िवभागोपदशनाथ म ् । त य ु
एते तीसमादोादा-

दय उाः , न ते िवगतािवाितिमरानावानिवषय- 3Y

5 भावापेया । िकं तिह । अिवाितिमरोपहतमितनयनान-
H: eta A-C, E, G, I-N: evā; F: ecā; H: yevā; em. by LVP: evaṃ;
Tib: de ltar B, C, G, M, N: ha; J: haṃ; Tib: n.e. hi P: ⊗; D:
°pādasyāpalatyatye; F, I, K: °bhyate; N: °syoparabhyante; Tib: thos pa

(gang gi phyir de ltar rten cing ’brel par ’byung ba ’gag pa la sogs pa
dag yod par thos par ’gyur ba) P: Ø; D: atra; J: ate P: Ø; A, E,
F, H, I, K, L: eveda Q: madhyaka°; N: madhyaka° C, G, M:
paṇītam; H: praṇetam A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ācārveṇa; C, D, G, N:
ācāryaṇa P: ne(y)a(n)+[4](nt)+[3]°; A: neyatītārthasūtrānāṃ-
tavibhāgo°; B, J, N: neyatītārthaṃsūtrāntavibhāgo°; C, G, M: nayatī-

tārthansūtrāntavidbhāgo°; E, H, I: neyatītārthaṃsūtrānāṃtavibhāgo°;
F: neyatīnitārthaṃvi...ārtha; K: neyatīnītārthaṃsūtrāntavi...tha; L: as
B, °sūtrāṃta°; em. by LVP (silently) M: pa A, E, F, H, K, I:
hate (L’s initial e could be read as ha); C, G, M: eta; Tib: n.e. ete
P: pratītyasamutpā(d).[1]tpādāda̝ya; A, E, H, I: pratityasamutpā-
daudaya; B, C, G, J, M, N: pratītyasamutpādodaya; D: pratītyasamut-

pādādaṣṭa; F, K, L: pratītyasamutpādaudaya; conj. by LVP: pratītyasa-
mutpād[asyotpād]ādaya A-C, E-N: ukto; em. by LVP (silently)
D: ta P: vigatāvidyātaimirāṇāṃ sarvajñānāṃ viṣaye svabhāvā-
pekṣyayā; A, E, F, I, K, L: vigatā; B: vigatāvidyātainirāśravajñānavi-

ṣayasvabhāvopekṣayā; C, G, J, M: vigatāvidyātainirāśravaviṣayasva-
bhāvopekṣayā; D: vigatāvidyātaimirāmāśravajñānaviṣaya°; H: viga-
to; N: as C: °viṣayesva°; em. by LVP: vigatāvidyātimirā[nā]sravavi-
ṣayasvabhāvāpekṣayā; Tib: ma rig pa’i rab rib dang bral pa dag gi ye
shes zag pa med pa’i yul gyi rang bzhin la ltos nas A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: om.; C, G, J, M, N: ki; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: om.; C, G, J, M, N: tahy; em. by LVP (silently)


िवषयापेया ॥

1U iतदशनापेया तूं भगवता –

4U एतद ् िध िभवः परमं सं यतामोषधम िनवाण ं सव-

संाराश ् च मृषा मोषधमाणः ॥

इित । 5
तथा
P: °nayanajñ+[nā]p+kṣa̞yā; Q: °viṣayāpakṣeyā; A, E, F, H, I, K, L:
vidyātimiropahamati°; D: °nayamajñānaviṣamāpekṣayā; N: °jñānavi-
yāpekṣayā; Tib ma rig pa’i rab rib gyi blo gros kyis mig nyams par
byas pa dag gi shes pa’i yul la ltos nas A, E: tatvadaśanā°; D:
repeats the compound; I: tatodar° A-C, E-G, I-M: bhūktaṃ; H, N:

bhūkta; em. by LVP (silently) Q: bhavatā; F: °tāḥ; N: repeats ete
pratītyasamutpādodaya ukto na te vigatāvidyātainirāśravaviṣayesva-

bhāvopekṣayā ki tahy āvidyātimiropahatamatinayanajñvānaviṣayāpe-
kṣayā || tatvadarśanāpekṣayā bhūktaṃ bhugavatā Q: eta; B: om.
etad dhi bhikṣavaḥ paramaṃ satyaṃ yadutāmoṣadharmaṃ nirvāṇaṃ

sarvasaṃskārāś ca mṛṣā moṣadharmāṇaḥ || iti | tathā nāsty atra tathatā
vā N: bhikṣāvaḥ P: Ø; A, E, H, K, L: paraṃmaṃ; C, G, M:
paraman; D: parama P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: bhatyaṃ P: Ø;

A, C: yadutāmoṣadharmā; D: dutāmopadharmaṃ; E-I, J: ṣadutā…-
dharmā; K-M: °dharmā; N: yedutā…dharmā; LVP emends (silently):
°dharma; Q’s reading °dharmaṃ is also supported by mss P, B and
D’s readings for the citation at PsPL 237.11-12. P: Ø; A, E, F, H,
I, K, L: virvāṇaṃ C, F, I, K, L: °saskārāś; D: °saṃskāmāś; H:
°saṃkārā F: maṣā A, E, H, I: mona; D: °dharmyāṇa; F:
noṣadharmān Em. by LVP: ityādi; Tib: zhes bya ba la sogs pa;

the damage in P’s moṣa̝dha̝rmmā[6]nās(ty a)tra would appear to
allow for the extra akṣara contained in ityādi. Q, however, attests
only iti.

ना ् अ तथता वा अिवतथता वा, मोषधमकम ् अ ्

एतत ् लोपधमकम ् अ ् एतद ् मृषा ् एतत ् , मायेय ं

बाललािपनी ।
इित।
5 तथा ,U

फे निपडोपमं पं वेदना बु दु ोपमा ।

मरीिचसशी सा संाराः कदलीिनभाः । /Y0U

PsPL 42 मायोपमं च िवानम ् उम आिदब
् ु ॥
ना &Y
P: (a)tra; D, G: utra A: tathānā; G: tathābhā B: om.; D: vāḥ

D: °to; H: avitathātā G: modharmmakam D: avy A, C,
E-N: atat; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: ’di dag ⁘ etat A, B, E, I, L:
pralāpa°; C, G, M: palopa°; F: prulāpāyadharmakam; H: om.; K:
pralāya°; N: °ka; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: n.e. pralopadharmakam
apy etad A, C-E, G, I, J, L-N: atat; H: om.; em. by LVP (silently)
A, E, H: mṛṣāp; F, I, K: om. D: etata; F, I, K: om.; G: atat
D: māyayaṃ; H: māyaya D: balalopinī; PsP Tib: ’di dag ni
brdzun pa sgyu ma byis pa ’drid pa ⁘ mṛṣāpy etad māyeyaṃ bālalāpi-

nī. A, C, E-I, K, M: henapiṇḍopama; B, J, L, N: °ma; D: phena-
tiṇṇopamaṃ; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I, K, L: buddhado-
mapāṃ; B: °māṃ; C, J, N: °mam; D: bubudoyamā; F: buddhadoma-

māṃ; G, M: °maṃ; em. by LVP (silently). A, B, E, H: marīcīśa-
dṛśī; C, G, K, J, L, M: marīcī°; F: maricīsadṛśī; I: marīcīśadṛśi; N:
marīcīmadṛśī; em. by LVP (silently) G: sajñā; I: saṃjñāḥ A,
E, H, I, K, L: saskārāḥ; F: suṣkārāḥ A, E, H, I: °nibhāvāḥ; F, K,
L: °nibhābhāḥ; M: kadarī° M: adds following ṛṣām P: Ø;
D: ādibhya°; N: aditya°; conj. by LVP: [iti]


एवं धमान ् वीमाणो िभरु ् आरवीयवान ।्

+U िदवा वा यिद वा राौ सजानन ् ितृतः।

ितिवेत ् पदं शां संारोपशमं िशवम ् ।

%Y िनरां च धमाणाम॥्

इािद ॥ 5
P: [1]r(m)ān; A, B, E, F, H-L: dharmani; D: dharmākam – owing to

an eyeskip back to moṣadharmakam, D’s scribe repeats the text from
moṣadharmakam up to and including the then correctly scribed dhar-
mān; C, G, M, N: dharmmani; em. by LVP (silently) Em. with
LVP (LVP emends silently): vīkṣamāṇo. P: a(ve)kṣamāṇ(o); Q: ave-

kṣ///; A-C, E, G-N: vekṣamāna; D: avekṣamāṇo; F: vekṣamāṇata
Q: ⊗ P: [3](y).(v)ān; Q: ///vīryavān; A: ārapravīyavān; D: orab-
dha°; E, I: °vīyavān A: ≈di G: saṃprajānaṃ; em. by LVP
(silently): saṃprajñānan P: pratividdheta, there may be a virāma
under t; A-M: pratividhya; N: pratibimbe; em. by LVP: pratividhyet

A: papeśā; B: pade; C, G, J: padeśa; E, F, H, I, K-N: padeśā; em. by
LVP P: sāntaṃ; F: sāṃntaṃ P: saṃskāropasamaṃ; A, H:
saṃskāroyamasaṃ; B, C, E-G, J-L, N: saṃskāropamasaṃ; D: °paśa-

saṃ; I: saskāroyamasaṃ; M: °opasamaṃ; em. by LVP (silently)
N: śim Conj.: nirātmatvaṃ; P: iti | nirātmatvāc; Q: iti || nirāt-
matvāc; A, E, H, I: iti nitātmakatvāc; B, K, L: iti nirātmakatvāc; C, G,

J, M, N: iti || nirātmakatvāc; D: iti nirātmakātvo; F: as B, °kattvāc;
PsPL: (iti ||) nirātmakatvāc; PsP Tib: chos rnams bdag med pa nyid ⁘
(the mss’) iti nirātma(ka)tvāc ca dharmāṇām, with chos rnams bdag
med pa nyid construed as an object of rtogs par ’gyur (pratividhyet).
See Translation note. B: ityādiḥ

i यैवंदेशनािभायानिभतया सेहः ात ् – का  ्

्
अ देशना ताथा का न ु ख आिभाियकीित ्
– यश चािप *Y'U

ु
मबितया नये ाथा देशनां नीताथाम ् अवगित , -Y$Y

तयोर ् उभयोर ् अिप िवन ेयजनयोर ् आचाय यागमाां
ु

5 संशयिमाानयोर ् अपाकरणाथम ् इदम ् आरवान ् । त .U

न त इािदना यिु र ्उपविणता ।
H: paśyaivaṃ; I: °vya D: daśanābhiprāyāṇabhijñateyā; N: deśa-

nabhi° A-C, E-N: °deha; em. by LVP (silently) A-C, E-N: ko;
em. by LVP (silently) A, E, F, H, I, K-M: jy C, J, M, N: dar-
śanā: D: deśano; G: darśano A-C, E-N: ko; em. by LVP (silently)

A, E, F, H, I, K: ma; L: n(?)a; N: mu; Tib: dgongs pa can ni ’dir
gang zhig yin snyam du ⁘ kā nu khalv ābhiprāyikīti, i.e., Tib adds

’dir to the second part of the question (the translators may have mis-
read the akṣara nu for the akṣara tra) Q: abhi° Tib: n.e. api
E, F, I, K, L: bhanda° A, B, E, F, H, K, L: °thā; C, G, J, M, N:
rthā; I: nyāyārthā; em. by LVP (silently) A: meśanā; B, C, E, G,
H, J-N: neśanāṃ; D: neśanā; F: neśatāṃ; I: neśanyaṃ; em. by LVP

(silently) F: apagacchati A, C-E, G-N: tayār; em. by LVP
(silently) D: uhayor C, J, M, N: °yon; G: °yo D: ācīr-

yā; G: cāryo; M: ā A, E, H, I: yukatyāga°; D: yuktyaga°; K, F:
yūrukatyāgamābhyāṃ; G: °tyāṃ P: śaṃśaya°; A-C, E-N: °mi-
thyājñānamār; D: saṃśayamidhyājñānayor; em. by LVP (silently):

°mithyājñānāpākaraṇārtham, that is, LVP deletes the final mār (=
degenerated yor) and connects the compound to the following one.
Tib: the tshom dang log pa’i shes pa dag A-C, E-N: itam; D:
itām; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, F, H, I: °vāt; D: āraghavān

C, G, M: isādinā A: upavarimatā; E, H, I, K, L: upavaṇitā; F:
upavaṇitāḥ

् षा मोषधम यद ् भगवान ् इ अभाषत
तन मृ ् ।

सव च मोषधमाणः संारास ् तेन ते मृषा॥

1Y पूवा ायते कोिटर ् न े ् उवाच महामिनः
ु ।

(U संसारो ऽनवराो िह नाािदर ् नािप पिमम ् ॥ PsPL 43

,Y काायनाववादे चाीित नाीित चोभयम ् । 5

)U ितिषं भगवता भावाभाविवभािवना ॥
C, G, J, M: mṛpā; I: mṛkhā P: °dharma; A-C: °dharma; E-N:
°dharma; LVP: °dharma. PsPL’s quarter is unmetrical. A, E, H, L:

yav(?); G: ya; I: yat(?); F, K, M: yat F, K: vagavān; G: jñagavān; I:
yagacān Q: abhāṣat; A, E, H, I: abhāṣat C, G, M: sarva A,
E, F, H: °ṇa; I: ṇā; K, L: only upper dot of the visarga I: saskārās
A-C, E-N: om.; em. by LVP (silently) D: taṃ C, M: pra-
jñāpate; F, K: prajñāyame; N: prajñā, then repeats, on account of an

eyeskip, from [prajñā]namār apākaraṇārtham itam up to and includ-
ing prajñāyate A-C, E-N: koṭi; D: kāṭi; em. by LVP (silently)
A, E, H, I, L: ne’ty A, E, L: ūvāca A, E, F, J, K, L: °ni; C:
muhyamuni; G, M, N: muhāmuni; J: ink-dot below initial m (J’s des-

cendents read as u); em. by LVP (silently) C, J, N: ’navarā’grā;
D: ’nakarāgo; G, M: °grā A-C, E, F, H-N: rāsmādi; D: °ādi; G:

rātmādi; em. by LVP (silently) D: yeścimaṃ A-E, G-M: kā-
tyāyaṇāvavāde; F: kātyātaśācavāde; N: kātyāyaṇāvevāde; em. by LVP
(silently) Em. with LVP: cāstīti; P: cāsti; Q: ca asti; A, B, E, K,
L: ca || asti; C, G: va || aṣṭi; D: cā asyi; F, I: ca asti; H: caḥ || asti; J, N:

ca | asti; M: va | aṣṭi. MMK XV.7: cāstīti; the syllable is metrically
required. A: om.; B, C, E, F, H, J-M: nāsti; D: nāstī; G: nāṣṭi; I:
nā; N: om. LVP (PsPL 43, n. 1) erroneously states that his mss attest
nāstīti. D: codbhayaṃ A, B: °dha; H: pratiṣīdhaṃ I:
°vibhāvanā

इािदनागमो विणतः॥

iउं चायायमितसू े –

कतमे सूाा न ेयाथाः कतमे नीताथाः। ये सूाा मागा-

वताराय िनिदा इम उे न ेयाथाः । ये सूााः

5 फलावताराय िनिदा इम उे नीताथाः । यावद ् &U

ये सूााः शूतािनिमािणिहतानिभसंाराजातान-ु
A-C, E-N: ityādinā agamo; D: ityādināṃāgamā; em. by LVP (silent-

ly); Tib: la sogs pa ⁘ ityādinā C: cāryokayamati°; G: cāryontaya-
mati°; M: vāryokayamati°; N: °mati N: om. katame sūtrāntā ne-
yārthāḥ katame nītārthāḥ | ye sūtrāntā mārgāvatārāya nirdiṣṭā ima

ucyante neyārthāḥ | ye sūtrāntāḥ phalāvatārāya nirdiṣṭā ima ucyante
nītārthāḥ | yāvad ye D: ya; H: e D: sūtrāntrā A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: yārgāva° C, J, M: nidiṣṭā A-C, E-M: ita; em. by LVP
(silently) C, G, M: °thā; H: nyāyārthāḥ H: e I: °tā

A, E, F, H, I, K: °yar; D: °rāpa A, F: diniṣṭā; H, I: di || niṣṭā; E,
K, L: di | niṣṭā A, B, E, F, H, I, K, L: ime D: nayāthāḥ; I:
tītārthāḥ G: om. C, M: ya; G: om. P: sūtūāntāḥ; Q:

sūtrāntāḥ ātmasatvajīvapoṣapudgalamanujamānavakārakavedakanā-
nārutabhāṣā asvāmikāḥ svāmikavan nirddiṣṭās ta ucyaṃte neyārthāḥ
yāvad ye sūtrāntāḥ; F: sutrāntāḥ; G: om.; L: sūtrātāḥ. PsP Tib: mdo
sde gang dag bdag dang | sems can dang | srog dang gso ba dang |
skyes bu dang | gang zag dang | shed las skyes dang | shed bu dang |
byed pa po dang | tshor ba po dang | sgra rnam pa sna tshogs su bshad
pa dang | bdag po med pa la bdag po dang bcas par bstan pa de dag ni
drang ba’i don zhes bya’o ||; PsP Tib’s citation has been copied in
from the Tibetan translation of the Akṣayamatisūtra. See Translation
note.

+Y/U ु
ादाभाविनःसिनजविनःपलाािमकिवमोम ु ा िनिद-
ख

ाः , त उे नीताथाः। इयम ् उते भद शारतीप-ु

 नीताथ सूाितशरणता न न ेयाथ सूाितशरणता ॥
Q: °praṇitānabhi…ābhāvāḥ niḥsatvanirjīvaniṣpudgalā{ḥ}svāmika-
vimokṣamukhā; A: °utpādobhāvaniḥ | satvanirjīvaniḥpra..lātyāmika-
vimokṣamukhā (‘..’ here and below stands for a space with a line
drawn over it, indicating loss of an akṣara); B: °utpādobhāvaniḥsa-
tvanijīvaniḥpuṃgalābhyāmikavimokṣamukhāni; C: °jātā’nutpādobhā-
vaniḥ | satvanirjīvaniḥpuṅgalābhyāmimokṣamukhāni; D: °jātā’nutpā-
dābhācaniḥsatvanirjīvaniḥpugalāmyāmikavimokṣam; E: °jātā’nutpā-
dobhāvaniḥ || satvanirjivaniḥpra..lātpāmikavimokṣamikhāni; F: °ut-
pādobhāvaniḥ satvanirjivaniḥpuṅgalāsyāmikavimokṣamukhani; G: as
C, double daṇḍa; H: °nimittā | praṇihitānabhisaṃskārājātānutpādo-
bhāvaniḥ || satvanirjivanipra..lātpāmikavimokṣamukhāni; I: °saskārā-
jātā’nutpādobhavaniḥ satvanirjivatipra..lātyāmikavimokṣamukhāniḥ;
J: °jātā’nutpādobhāvaniḥ | satvanirjīvaniḥpuṃgalābyāmikavimokṣa-
mukhāni; K: as L, °puṅ(?)gala°; L: °jātā’nutpādobhāvaniḥ || satvanir-
jivaniḥpu≈galātyāmikavimokṣamukhāni; M: as C, °puṃgala°; N: as
J: °puṅgalā°. Conj. by LVP: °[nirātma]°; PsP Tib: bdag med pa, on
the basis of bdag med pa in Akṣayamatinirdeśasūtra Tib; see Braarvig
1993: II, 118 (Braarvig does not mark nirātma as a conjecture). LVP
(PsPL 43, n. 4) notes that his mss read “°ābhyāmika, °sika” for °āsva-
mika, but N and L (= Calcutta and Cambridge) respectively read °ā-
bhyāmika, °ātyāmika while M (Paris) reads °ābhyāmi. D, F, K:
nidiṣṭās C, G, M: °ta PsP Tib: ’di dag ⁘ iyam B, E, F, H,

L: ucyaṃte; C, G, J, K, M, N: ucyante; I: ucyatya; em. by LVP (silent-
ly) A, H, I: sāradvatī° P: nītārthasūtānta°; Q: °pratisaraṇatā;
A-C, E, I-L: °pratisaraṇatā; F: °pratisaraśatā; G: °sūtrāntāpratisara-
ṇatā; H: °sūtrāṃntapratisaraṇatā; N: °sūtrānmapratisaraṇatā P:
om. sūtrānta; A-N: om. sūtrānta; PsP Tib: mdo sde, copied from
Akṣayamatinirdeśasūtra Tib. A, E: °pratisaraṇete; B, C, F-N: °prati-
saraṇate; D: °pratosaraṇagate (final e represents sandhi with follow-
ing i); em. by LVP: °sūtrānta°
PsPL 44 इित॥

तथायसमािधराजसू े –

ु न शूता ।
नीताथ सूािवशेष जानती यथोपिदां सगते *U0Y

यिन ् पनःु पल
ु स पूषो न ेयाथ  तां जानित सव- -U

5 धमान ् ॥

इित ॥
A-C, E-N: tathācārya°; I: tathāsūtrā°; PsPL: tathā cārya° I: nta-
viśeṣa E, H, I: jātatī; G, J, M: jānetī; em. by LVP (silently): jānati.

SR: jānati. *LṬ’s author also found jānatī in his PsP ms, recorded it
and glossed it with jānāti. Ms P at the equivalent for PsPL 276.5 also
attests jānatī. The first quarter is in Indravaṃśā metre, which expects
a long final syllable. On the lengthening of historic i to ī in BHS
verses even in cases of short i at the end of pāda, see BHSG §3.12,
§26.2. P: °diṣṭā; A-C, E-N: °deṣṭā; D: yathoyadiṣyaṃ; em. by
LVP (silently): °diṣṭā. SR: °diṣṭā. Ms P attests °diṣṭāṃ at the equiva-

lent for PsPL 276.6. (viśeṣa can be understood as an accusative [°ṣã]
or as a nominative, the latter when one presumes an unstated iti [iti
jānātī]. I: śurātena Em. with LVP (LVP emends silently):
śūnyatā. P, Q: °tām; A-E, G-N: °tāṃ; F: suṃnyatāṃ; SR: śūnyatā. P

also attests °tām at the equivalent for PsPL 276.6. D: pura Q:
poṣo; B, J, M: puṃgalasatvapuruṣo; H, I, K, L, N: puṅgalasatvapuru-
ṣo; em. by LVP (silently): °ṣā; SR: pūruṣo. P attests pūruṣo at the
equivalent for PsPL 276.7. A: neyār; C, G, M: nayārtha; E: neyār-
thā; H: nayārthā; I: neyārthāṃ; em. by LVP: neyārthato (LVP reads
neyārthatā(ṃ) as one word. LVP [PsPL 44, n. 1] records his mss as
reading “neyārthatā, °tām” but Cambridge and Paris read tām while
Calcutta reads tāñ). SR: neyārthatāṃ. PsP Tib: drang ba’i don tu.
P, Q: tā; A, E, H, I: tā; PsP Tib: de. Ms P attests tāṃ at the equiva-
lent for PsPL 276.8. P: śarvvadharmān. P attests sarvadharmān
at the equivalent for PsPL 276.8. PsPL: om. iti


ताद ् उादािददेशनां मृषाथा ितपादियत ं ु ती-
i

.Y%U ु नम ् आरवान ् आचायः ॥
ु ादानदश
सम

,U i नन ु चोादादीनाम ् अभावे सित यिद सवधमाणां मृषा-

$U ितपादनाथ म ् इदम ् आरवान ् आचायः , न ् एवं

सित यन ् मृषा न तद ् अीित न स ् अकुशलािन 5

कमािण , तदभावान ् न सि गतयः , न सि कुशला-

3U िन कमािण , तदभावान ् न सि सगतयः
ु ु
सगितग
-
C: tarsmād; E, F, I, K, L: tasmā A, E, H, L: itpādādi°; F, I, K:
ityādādi°; Tib: bstan pa rnams ⁘ deśanāṃ A, F, H: °thā A-C,

E-N: prativādayituṃ; em. by LVP (silently) Q: °pādānudarśanam;
A: pratityasamutpādānupadarśanām; B, C, G, J, L-N: °pādānupadar-
śanam; D: °pādānuyadarśanam; E, I: °pādānupadarśatām; F, K: °sa-
mutpānupadarśanam; H: pratitya...dānupadarśanātām; em. by LVP:
°pādānudarśanam; Tib: rjes su ston pa. Cf. BHSD, s.v. anupradarśita
“pointed out, shown.” P: āraccavān F: °ya A, E, H, I, L:
vot°; D, J: cāt°; M: cotpādāvīnām H: amāve F, I: yadiḥ

A, C, E, G-J, M, N: °ṇā; D: °dharmaviṣaṃ D: iday; F, K:
idadh A, E, K, L: anārtham idam ārabdhavān; F: ārārtham idam

ārabdhavāv; H: as A, °bdhamān; I: ānārtham idamam ārabdhavān
F: °ya; I: ānāryyaḥ B, D-G, I, K, L: natv I: satī M:
ya F, K: nad D: astītir; H: astiti A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ne-

vā; B, C, G, J, M, N: ne; em. by LVP (silently) Q: satyaṃ; A:
sanny; C, G, M: sans; H: sann Q: kuśalāni; G: akulāni; H: eku-

śalāti; I: akuśalāti M: kamāṇi I: tebhāvon A, E, F, H, I,
K, L: ta C: dur≈atayaḥ; D: durgayaḥ; G: adds following ucyante
(eye-skip into next section) C: om.; G, M: om. A, E: śaṃti

A, E, H, I: kulāni P, Q: om.; A: karmmaṇi Q: tadābhāvān;
A, E, H, I: tabhāvā; B, F, G, J-N: tadabhāvā; em. by LVP (silently)

I: śugatayaḥ

सवाच ् च नाि संसार इित सवारवैय म ् एव ात॥्

उते – संविृ तसपेया ं ािभिनवेश
लौिककेदस &Y1U

ितपभावेन मृषाथता भावानां ितपाते ऽािभः। न ैव

 ् आयाः कृ तकायाः िकिद ् उपलभे यन ् मृषा

5 वामृषा वा ािदित। अिप च येन िह सवधमाणां मृषां

पिरातं िकं त कमािण सि संसारो वाि। न चा ् +U
A: °saṃbhavārthab; B: °saṃbhavādh; C: °saṃbhavābhavā≈; D:

°bhavā; E, H, I, L: °saṃbhavārthaṃb; F, K: °saṃbhavārtha; G, M:
°saṃbhavābhavāb; J: °saṃbhavām; N: °saṃbhavāb; em. by LVP
(silently) A, B, E, G-J, L-N: dha; C: ≈; F, K: pra; em. by LVP
(silently) Tib: bde ’gro dang ngan ’gro med pa’i phyir ’khor ba
yang (construes ca with saṃsāra) C, G, J, M, N: °vaimarthyam;
D: °vaiyathyam; H: sarvārammavaiyartham A, C, E-N: evā; em.
by LVP (silently) A-C, E, F, H-N: ucyante; G: om.; em. by LVP

(silently) Q: °vyapekṣāyāṃ; A, E, I, K, L, N: saṃvṛtisasyavya°;
C, G, M: samvṛtisasyavyapakṣayā; D: °satyavyayejayā; F: sarvavvati-

sasyavyapekṣayā; H: saṃvṛttisasyavyapyakṣayā; J: saṃvṛtisasyavye-
pekṣayā; em. by LVP (silently) P: °nivesasya; A-C, E-G, J-L, N:
loka°; D: lokasyadaṃsatyādibhini°; H: loka…nivesaśya; I: lokasya-

daṃ°; M: lāka°; PsPL: loka° D: pratiyakṣa°; G: °bhāvana C,
G, M: mṛṣārtha; F, K: °tāḥ A: bhāvātāṃ Q: pratipādyante;
D: pati° A-C, E-N: naive; em. by LVP (silently); Tib: n.e. eva
C, G, J, M, N: ty P: āryaḥ Q: om.; H: om.; Tib: n.e. kṛta-
kāryāḥ A, E, H, I: kicid P: upalambhante; A: upabhalanne;

E, H, L: upabhalante; F, K: upalalante; G: upalanbhe; N: upaladbhante
G: ya; M: yat; N: yen A, E, H, I: om.; D: vāmṛtā; PsP : om. vā
L
A: cā D: cā A, E, H, I: °ṇā; D: °dharmārṇā; F, K: dhar-
māṇāṃ F: mṛtvaṃ; Tib: brdzun ba’i don can nyid ⁘ mṛṣātvam
(*mṛṣārthatvam) Q: parijñānaṃ; A, E, H, I: °tvaḥ; B-D, F, G, J-
N: °taḥ; em. by LVP (silently) D: °rā A, E, F, H: vāpy; I: py


असौ किचद ् धमािं नािं वोपलभते ॥ PsPL 45

यथों भगवतायरकू टसू े –

िचं िह कायप पिरगवेमाणं न लते। यन न् लते तन ्

नोपलते। यन ् नोपलते तन ् न ैवातीतं नानागतं न
/Y ु
म ।् यन ् न ैवातीतं नानागतं न ं
ु त नाि 5

-Y भावः । य नाि भावस ्त नाादः। ु य
ु
नाादस ्
त नाि िनरोधः॥
इित िवरः॥

यस ् त ु िवपयासानगमान
ु ् मृषां धमाणां नावगित ती-

4Y भावानां भावम ् अिभिनिवशते , स धम ् इदंसािभिनवे- 10
A, E, H, I: kasyavi; D: kasyāṃcad; F, K, L, M: kasyaci Q: °āsti-

tāṃ; A, E, H, I: °tva; N: dharmesyā° Q: om.; D: nāntitvaṃ
A, E, H, I: nāstitvaṃ copalabhyate; B, C, F, G, J-N: co°; D: copala-
hate; em. by LVP (silently) From this point on, the paper manu-
scripts consulted are limited to B, D, J, and L (see Manuscript De-

scription). D: ci | rtta; L: vittaṃ D: om. yan na labhyate
D: ta D: naikatītaṃ B, J: nānāgate; L: nonāgate B:
svabhāvābhāvaḥ; L: svabhābhāvaḥ L: ta Tib: gang dag ⁘

yaḥ (the Sanskrit’s singular form has been understood as having a
general sense) L: om. pratītyabhāvānāṃ svabhāvam abhiniviśate
sa dharmeṣv idaṃsatyābhiniveśitayābhiniviṣṭaḥ san karmāṇy api
karoti saṃsāre ’pi saṃsarati; PsP Tib: dngos po rnams rang bzhin yod
par rtogs nas mngon par zhen pa ⁘ pratītyabhāvānāṃ svabhāvam
abhiniviśate D: abhiviśateḥ D: dharmaṣv

िशतयािभिनिवः सन ् कमायिप करोित, संसारे ऽिप संसरित,

िवपयासावितान ् न भो िनवाणम अिधग
् मु ॥ ्

i िकं ु ् मृषाभावा अिप पदाथाः से शवदानिनबनं
पनर %Y

भवि ॥

5 ु
भवि , तथा मायायवितस ् तभावानिभानां तथागत- 'Y
PsPL 46 ्
िनिमतश चोपिचतकु शलमूलानाम॥्

उं िह ढााशयपिरपृासू े –
तथा कुलपु मायाकारनाटके पिते

ु मायाकारिनिमतां

ियं ा किद ् रागपरीतचेताः पष ारभयेनोायास-

10 नाद ् अपमेत ् । सो ऽप ताम ् एव ियमशभु तो

मनिसकुयात ् , अिनतो ःखतः शूतो ऽनातो मन-
Q: °niveśatayā abhiniviṣṭaḥ; B, J: idaṃsatyābhiniveśitamābhini-

viṣṭaḥ; D: idaṃsatyādiniveśitayāhiniviṣṭaḥ; conj. by LVP: idaṃsa-
tyābhini[veśād abhini]viṣṭaḥ; em. by de Jong (1978: 33): °abhiniveśi-
tayā°; PsP Tib: ’di bden par mngon par zhen pa nyid kyi sgo nas
mngon par zhes par ’gyur P: sat; B, J: sat Q: °tvān tu; D:
viparam(?)āsāvastitatyān; L: °sthita≈ān; PsP Tib: … las kyang byed

cing ’khor ba na yang ’khor bar ’gyur la | phyin ci log la gnas pas
mya ngan las ’das pa thob pa’i skal ba can du yang mi ’gyur ro ||
B, D, J, L: bhavyā L: asigantuṃ J: puna D, J: bhavati
B, D, J, L: om. bhavanti; PsP : om. bhavanti; PsP Tib: ’gyur te
L
B, J, L: °yuvati D: dṛḍhāśaya° Q: °parita° D: par-
ṣṭhachāradyabhayenātthayāsanād; J: °bhayenātthāyāsanād D, J,
L: aya° P: om. P: iva; L: e D: °kuyad; PsP Tib: mi

sdug pa dang | mi gtsang ba dang ⁘ aśubhato manasikuryāt D:
itityuto P: Ø; B, D: °tā; J: ’nānmatā

िसकुयात॥्

िवनये च – ु
यकारकािरता ययवितः ु
सूतयवितशू
ा

ु ण ितभासते , त च िचकर कामरागा-
सूतयवितपे

दीभूता ॥ 5

तथा मृषाभावा अिप भावा बालानां से शिनबनं

भवि ॥ PsPL 47

-U iतथायरकू टसू े –

अथ ख तािन पमाािण िभुशतािन भगवतो धमदश
े -

नामनवतर ् अनवगाहमाना ् ु
अनिधममानािन 10
L: va Q: yantraṣutiḥ B: °yuvatiḥśūnyā B, J, L: ’sad°;
PsP Tib: n.e. sadbhūtayuvatirūpeṇa pratibhāsate | tasya ca D:
praṇibhāsate L: va PsPL: citrakārasya Em. following

LVP: °rāgāspadībhūtā. P, Q: °rāgāspadabhūtā; B, J, L: °rāgāspada-
bhūtā; D: kāyarāgāspadabhūtā Tib: dpe de bzhin du ⁘ tathā
B, J, L: bhāvo Em.: saṅkleśanibandhanaṃ. P, Q: saṃkleśa-
vyavadānanibandhanaṃ; B, D, J, L: saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanaṃ;
PsPL: saṃkleśavyavadānanibandhanaṃ; Tib: kun nas nyon mongs
pa’i rgyu. See Translation note. P: om. PsP Tib: de bzhin
du ’phags pa dkon mchog brtsegs pa las kyang PsP Tib n.e. tāni
P: Ø; D: bhikṣugatāni P: ⊗; B: anavagāhāt(?)ānāpy; J, L: ana-
vagāhatānāpy B, J: anadhimucyamāni; D: enadhimudhyamānāni;

L: anadhimucyamāni mucyamāni

उायासन ेः ाािन। अथ भगवान ् येन मागण ते

्
िभवो गि  तिन माग ौ िभू िनिममीते ।

ु
अथ तािन प िभशतािन येन तौ ौ िभू तेनोपसा-

मि । उपस ताव ् अवोचन ् कुाय ु ौ गिम- /U

5 थः। िनिमत काव ् अवोचतां गिमाव आवाम ्
D: utthāyāsunebhyaḥ Q: atha khalu; PsP 338.5: atha (om. kha-

L
lu); KPed Skt §141.3: atha khalu PsP : bhagavān [tasyāṃ velā-
L
yāṃ]. bhagavāṃs tasyāṃ velāyāṃ appears in the, according to Kragh
(2003: 93, n. 3), interpolated chapter 17 citation (PsPL 336.3ff.) and in
KPed Skt (it does not occur in the corresponding PsP Tib for the PsP
chapter 1 passage which is, however, based on KP Tib and not on PsP
Skt). Candrakīrti’s KP ms may not have contained it, or he may have
slightly abbreviated the passage. One could, on the other hand, con-
jecture that tasyāṃ velāyāṃ was dropped due to an eyeskip from °āṃ
of bhagavāṃs to °āṃ of velāyāṃ. D: ta; J: om. te; PsPL: ete (mār-
geṇaite) D: bhikṣuvo P: rgge D: dvo B, J, L: bhikṣu
D: nimi°; N: nirmmite P: ⊗; D: °tāṇi P: Ø; L: yana; LVP
conjectures a following mārgeṇa on the basis of PsP Tib’s lam and

also mārgeṇa in the later occurrence of the KP citation (cf. PsPL
338.7); KPed §141.6: mārgeṇa. The word is not necessary. B, J, L:
bhikṣu. LVP (PsPL 47, n. 3) adds a following nirmitakau in square
brackets on the basis of PsPL 338.7. He remarks that PsP Tib also
supports the emendation but it is without an equivalent for nirmita-
kau. KPed Skt: nirmito; KPed Tib: sprul pa’i. Ms P for the citation in
PsP chapter 17 attests nirmitakau. A dropping of nirmitakau from the
above passage is difficult to explain on paleographical grounds, and
the sentence makes sense without it. B: °mati KP Skt:
ed
evam P: Ø; J: avocat P: Ø; B: °manto; D: °mand(?)o
L: °kāc. KP Skt: tāv; KP Tib: de gnyis kyis. PsP Tib: sprul pa
ed ed
gnyis kyis L: avovatāṃ J, L: °yāca B, J, L: ārām

अरयायतनषे ु । त ानसखश
ु िवहारैर ् िवहिरावः। यं

3Y िह भगवान ् धम देशयित तमावां नावतरावो नावगाहावहे

नािधमु ावह उावः सावः सासम ् आपा-

%U ु तद ् अवोचन ् वयम ्
वहे । अथ तािन प िभशताे

ु ौ
आय े नां
भगवतो धमदश नावतरामो नावगाहामहे 5

ु ामह उामः सामः सासम ् आपमा-
नािधम
L: aranyāya° KP Skt: om. tatra P: dhyāna̝sakha° (final r

ed
attested); J: °rai; L: dhyānamukhasparśaviharai. KPed Skt: sukham
phāṣaṃ (viharisyāmaḥ); KPed Tib: bsam gtan gyi bde ba la reg par
gnas par bya bar (’dong). PsP Tib as KPed Tib L: ya. KP Skt:
ed
(preceding) tat kasmād dhetor; KPed Tib: de ci’i phyir zhe na. PsP Tib
as KPed Tib D: bhamavān. LVP (PsP 599) emends to bhagavan;
L
the nominative form is, however, correct. L: dharma D: re-
peats from [dvau bhi]kṣū tenopasaṃkrāmanti sma to yaṃ hi bhagavān

dharmaṃ deśayati. KPed Tib attests chos bstan pa; PsP Tib as KPed
Tib D: nāvaterāvo; J: °ve(?); L: nāvatarāvova. KPed Skt: dharma-
deśanāṃ nāvarāvo; KPed Tib: chos bstan pa de la mi ’jug ste; PsP Tib
as KPed Tib B, J, L: nāvagāhavahe; D: nācagāhavahe D: °hai
D: tatrasyāveḥ B, J, L: om.; PsP : om. santrasyāvaḥ; KP Skt:
L ed
saṃtrasāvaḥ; KPed Tib: kun tu dngangs; PsP Tib as KPed Tib
KP Skt: āpadyāvahe | tāv āvām āraṇyāyataneṣu sukhaṃ vihari-
ed
ṣyāmaḥ; KPed Tib: kho ba cag dgon pa’i gnas rnams su bsam gtan gyi
bde ba la reg par gnas pa rnams kyis gnas par bya’o; PsP Tib as KPed
Tib KP Skt: om. atha KP Skt: tāni apy L: paca
ed ed
P: Ø; J: avocad P: Ø; D: °manto; PsP : °manto; PsP Tib: tshe
L
dang ldan pa dag |; KPed Skt: ayuṣmaṃto (also used for vocative dual,
cp. KPed § 141.7 [VD 2002: 49]: kutra āyuṣmaṃto gamiṣyathaḥ); KPed
Tib: tshe dang ldan pa dag (kho bo cag kyang bcom ldan ’das kyis
chos bshad pa la mi ’jug) P: °nāṃn; D: °nā D: nāvatarāho;
L: nāṃvatarāmā J: om. J, L: samtrāśam

हे। तेन वयम ् अरयायतन ेष ु ानसखश
ु िवहारैर ् िवहिर-

ामः । िनिमतकाव ् अवोचतां तेन  ् आयः
ु सा-

ामो न िवविदामः । अिववादपरमो िह मणधमः ।

ु
कायः हाणाय ितपाः। ता ् अवोचन ् राग-

PsPL 48 ेषमोहानां हाणाय वयं ितपाः। िनिमतकाव ् अवोचतां -Y

ु
िकं पनराय ु तां संिवे रागेषमोहा यान ् पियथ ।


ता ् अवोचन ् न ते ऽां न बिहधा नोभयमरेणोप-

ले , नािप ते ऽपिरकिता उे। िनिमतकाव ्
D: tene. KPed Skt: te; KPed Tib: de’i phyir; PsP Tib as KPed Tib
Q: āraṇyā° KP Skt: dhyānasukhavihārair; KP
ed ed Tib: bsam
gtan gyi bde ba la reg par gnas pa rnams kyis. PsP Tib as KPed Tib
L: vi | hariṣyāmaḥ D: °kām L: acocatāṃ B, J, L: tenā;
D: tanā; KPed Skt: om. tena hi. KPed Tib: de’i phyir; PsP Tib as KPed
Tib. The word order of KPed Skt differs: nirmitakāv avocatā saṃgā-
yisyāma vayaṃ āyuṣmaṃto P: ayuṣya(n)taḥ B: om. P:
vivādiṣyāmaḥ; B, J, L: vivādiṣyāmaḥ Q: avivādādaparamo;

PsPL: °paramā P: ⊗; B, J, L: śravaṇadharmaḥ; D: śuvaṇadhar-
maḥ; PsPL: śramanasya dharmāḥ; PsP Tib: dge sbyong gi chos; KPed
Skt: śramaṇadharmaḥ; cf. PTSD samaṇadhammaṃ P: Ø; J: ka-
syāyuṣmaḥ. This sentence and the next are not attested in KPed Skt or
KPed Tib. See Translation note. P: (t).[1]; D: māny P:
[1]+(ocan); Q: avocana; D: avācan J: rāgādve(?)ṣamohāṇā

D: acocatāṃ. KP Skt: prāhuḥ L: rāgadvegamohā P:
ed
kṣayiṣyathaḥ; B: °thas; J, L: °thaḥ; KPed Skt: kṣapayiṣyatha
KP Skt: te. PsP chapter 17 citation: te D: avocana. KP Skt:
ed ed
āhu Q: ādhyatmyan; KPed Skt: ādhyātmena D, L: °pala-
tyante

अवोचतां तेन  ् आयो
ु मा कयत मा िवकयत ।

ु
यदा चायो न कियथ न िवकियथ तदा न

रथ न िवरथ । यश ् च न रो न िवरः स शा
ु । शीलमाय
इते ु ो न संसरित न पिरिनवाित।

ु
समािधः ा िवमिर ् िवमिु ानदशनम ् आय
ु ो न 5

संसरित न पिरिनवाित। एिभश ् चाय
ु ो धमर ् िनवाण ं
L: acovatāṃ KP Skt: om. hi P: ayuṣyant(o); J, L: °tau

ed
KP Skt: māsmān P: [4]ya̞ta̞; B, J, L: om.; conj. by LVP: [mā
ed
vikalpayata]; PsP Tib: rnam par ma rtog cig; KPed Skt: māsman (read:
māsmān; cf. VD 2002: 51, n. 345) vikalpayata; KPed Tib: rnam par
ma rtog cig KPed Skt: om. ca D: vikalpamiṣyatha D: tedā.
KPed Skt: tadā āyuṣmaṃto B: rakṣatha; J: kṣyatha; L: rajyatha
P: viraṃkṣyatham na rakto na viraktaḥ yaś ca, that is, yaś ca ap-
pears only after viraktaḥ; B, J: virakṣatha; L: virakṣathaḥ; KPed Skt:

viraṃkṣyathaḥ yaś cāyuṣmaṃto na rakto na viraktaḥ (KPed §143.11)
D: paś KP Skt: cāyuṣmaṃto Q: arakto (cārakto ⁘ ca na
ed
rakto); B, L: racakto; J: ca(?)kto B: viracaktaḥ; J, L: vicaktaḥ
P: samādhiprajñāvimuktivimuktijñānadarśanam ⁘ samādhiḥ prajñā
vimuktir vimuktijñānadarśanam; KPed Skt, VD (2002: 51): as P. I am

not familiar with the samahāra compound attested by both P and the
KPed Skt ms being used in other works and thus accept Q’s reading.
De Jong (1978: 223), basing his emendation on ms D’s reading sa-
mādhiḥ prajñāvimuktivimuktijñānadarśanam for the citation as found
in PsPL chapter 17 and KPed §144, corrects the chapter 17 text to read
samādhiprajñā°. The compound śīlasamādhiprajñāvimuktivimukti-
jñānadarśanaskandhān occurs a number of times in the Aṣṭa but P’s
and the KPed Skt ms’s samahāra compound does not. Q: °darśa-
nam eva B, D, J, L: dharma

सूते , एते च धमाः शूाः कृ ितिविवाः । जहीतै-

ु ः सां यत पिरिनवाणिमित। मा च सायां
तामाय /Y

सां का मा च सया सां पिरािस । यो िह

सया सां पिरजानाित साबनम ् एवा तद ्

5 भवित। सावेदियतिनरोधसमापिम ् आयः
ु समाप- 'U

म।् सावेदियतिनरोधसमापिसमाप िभोर ्
P, Q: śū° P: dharmā PsP : °viviktā. KP Skt: viviktā agrā

L ed
...; VD 2002: 51: vivektā agrrā(hyāḥ); KPed Tib: dben pa gzung du
med pa; PsP Tib as KPed Tib; ms P for the chapter 17 citation: viviktā
agrāhyā niśceṣṭāḥ B, D, J: saṃjñā; L: saṃjñāḥ Em.: sañjñā-
yāṃ. P, Q: saṃjñāyāḥ; B, D, J, L: saṃjñāyāḥ. Ms P for the chapter 17

citation: saṃjñāyāṃ; KPed Skt: mā ca saṃjñāyā saṃjñā kārṣvaḥ
(emend to kārṣṭa; cf. VD 2002: 51, n. 348) mā asaṃjñāyā; KPed Tib:
’du shes la yang ’du shes su ma byed cig P: saṃjñā; B, D, J, L:
saṃjñā B, D, J, L: kāṣṭī Em.: sañjñayā. P, Q: saṃjñāyāḥ; B, J,

L: saṃjñāyāḥ; D: sajñāṃyāca; PsPL: saṃjñāyāṃ; PsP Tib: ’du shes
kyis; ms P for the chapter 17 citation: saṃjñāyā; KPed Skt: saṃjñayā;
KP Tib: ’du shes kyis P, Q: saṃjñā; D: saṃjñāyā B, J: °ṭaḥ;
D: parijñāmiṣṭa KPed Skt: om. hi Em.: sañjñayā. P, Q: saṃ-

jñāyāḥ; B, D, J: saṃjñāyāḥ; L: om.; PsPL: saṃjñāyāṃ; ms P for the
chapter 17 citation: saṃjñayā; PsP Tib: ’du shes kyis; KPed Skt: saṃ-
jñayā; KPed Tib: ’du shes kyis Q: saṃjñā; D, J, L: saṃjñā P:
parijānāti saṃjñāti; ms P for the chapter 17 citation: om. saṃjñāti;
KPed Skt: om. saṃjñāti L: sajñāmebandhanam; PsP Tib: de’i de
ni ’du shes la yongs su bcings pa yin; KPed Tib: de ni de’i ’du shes
kyis bcings pa yin D: evāmya D: °vedayitenir° D:
saṃjñāvadayitānanodha°; KPed Skt: mā ca kalpayatha mā vikalpaya-

thaḥ saṃjñāvedayita[niro]dha° (cf. VD 2002: 51); KPed Tib: n.e. mā
ca kalpayatha mā vikalpayathaḥ; PsP chapter 17 citation: n.e. mā ca
kalpayatha mā vikalpayathaḥ D: bhakṣā; L: bhikṣo

%Y ना ् उिरकरणीयम ् इित वदावः॥

4D अथ ु
तेषां पानां
िभशतानाम ् अनपादायावे
ु श ्

िचािन िवम ु ाभूवन ।् तािन िवमु िचािन येन

-U भगवांस ् तेनोपसाा ् उपस भगवतः पादौ

िशरोिभर ् अिभव ैकाे षीदन ् । अथायान ु ् स-ु PsPL 49

भूितस ् तान ् िभून ् एतद ् अवोचत ् कुायो
ु गताः

कुतो वागताः। ते ऽवोचन ् न िचद ् गमनाय न कुति-

ु त े भगवता धम देिशतः। आह को
दागमनाय भद सभू
B, J, L: nīsty; D: nāṃsty B, J, L: uttarī°; PsP : uttarī°; de Jong

L
(1978: 33) refers to BHSD s.v. uttari. KPed Skt: uttare karaṇīyam
KP Skt (instead of atha): asmiṃ khalu punar dharmaparyāye bhā-
ed
ṣyamāṇe, which appears in ms P’s PsP chapter 17 citation as: asmin
khalv api dharmaparyāye nirmittakabhikṣubhyām bhāṣyamāṇaṃ
Q: Ø; D: yaṃjanā Q: ///nām B, J, L: anupādayāśriyebhyaś;
D: anupādāyāṣreyetyāś KP Skt: om. abhūvan KP Skt: te

ed ed
D: vimuktavittani L: yana L: bhavāṃs B: °saṃkrāti;
J: °saṃkrānti; L: °saṃkrāṃti J: upasakramya B, D, J, L:
śirasā (conjoined with following word); PsPL: śirasā (conjoined with

following word); KPed Skt: śirobhir; P and D for the PsP chapter 17
citation (cf. de Jong 1978: 223): śirobhir D: abhivantyaikānte; J:
abhivadyaikānte. KPed Skt: vyanditvā ekāṃte P: nyaśīdan; D:
nyasīdanā; J, L: nyasīdan; PsPL: nyasīdan J: °māt P: tāna

D: bhikūn P: evāvocat; D: avocana; ms P for the chapter 17
citation: om. eva; KPed Skt: om. eva P: kutāyu°. KP Skt: kva
ed
nu khalv āyuṣmaṃto J: om. J: om. KPed Skt: akvacid ⁘
na kvacid D: gamanoya B, L: bhagavanta; J: bhagavantaḥ
D: dharmā KP Skt: subhūtir āha; KP Tib: n.e. subhūtir
ed ed
D: kā

ु तां शाा। आर ् यो नोो न पिरिनवाित।
नामाय

ु
आह कथं यािभर ् धमः तु ः। आर ् न बाय न

मोाय। आह के न यूय ं िवनीताः । आर ् य न कायो न

िचम।् आह कथं यूय ं याः
ु । आर ् नािवाहाणाय

5 न िवोादनाय । आह क यूय ं ावकाः। आर ् येन

ु ् ।आह के य
न ां नािभसम ु ाकं सचािरणः । 3U
D: nyamā° KPed Skt: te āhuḥ L: co D: nonpanno. KPed

Skt: yotpanno ⁘ yo notpanno KPed Skt: subhūtir āha; subhūtir n.e.
in KPed Tib. KPed Skt also attests preceding questions and answers
not attested here in PsP or in KPed Tib; see KPed §146.1-3 Skt D:
yuṣmabhi. KPed Skt: punar yuṣme; KPed Tib: n.e. punar KPed Skt:
te āhur; KPed Tib: n.e. te B, J, L: badhyāya; D: banthāya; PsP :
L
bandhanāya; KPed Skt: bandhanāya; ms P for chapter 17 citation: ban-
dhāya KP Skt : (preceding) subhūtir āha | kathaṃ yūyaṃ pra-
ed
[yu]ktā (cf. VD 2002: 52) te āhu | na yogāya na prayogāya | na prahā-
ṇāya | subhūtir; KPed Tib n.e. subhūtir, etc. D: vinītā D: āha
D: kāyo na kāmo. KP Skt (for the entire sentence): yasya na kāya-
ed
pāriniṣpattir na cittapracāraṃ; KPed Tib: su la lus med cing sems med
pas KPed Skt: subhūtir āha; KPed Tib: n.e. subhūtir KPed Skt
(for the sentence): kathaṃ yuṣmābhi prayujyamānā vimuktāḥ; KPed
Tib: khyed ji ltar brtson D: āha B, J, L: °prahānāya; D: no-
vidyā° Q: vidyotpadāya; D: °nayā B: om. KPed Skt: subhū-
tir āha; KPed Tib: n.e. subhūtir D: āha. KP Skt: te āhuḥ; KP
ed ed
Tib: n.e. te D: nāhi°. KPed Skt (for the sentence): yasya na prāpto
nā[bhi]saṃbuddhaḥ (cf. VD 2002: 52) KP Skt: subhūtir āha;
ed
KPed Tib: n.e. subhūtir KPed Skt: keva; VD 2002: 52: ke (’)va
D: saṃbramācāriṇaḥ

आर ् ये ैधातक ु ः
ु े नोपिवचरि । आह िकयिरेणाय

पिरिनवाि । आर ् यदा तथागतिनिमतकाः पिरिन-

ु ािभः करणीयम।् आर ् अहार-
वाि। आह कृ तं य

/U ममकारपिरानतः । आह ु
ीणा याकं े शाः। आर ्
D: āha. KPed Skt: te āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e. te B, L: yai; D: mai; J:
yaim Q: nopavicarati; D: nopaviceranti; L: nopavivaranti; J: no-

pevicaranti. KPed Skt continues with na pracaraṃ(ti), which is not
reflected in KPed Tib. PsP Skt attests its equivalent for the sentences
given at KPed §147.2- 6 (keva cireṇa ...) only after the sentence āhur
ye traidhātuke nopavicaranti (this sentence occurs in KPed Skt at
§147.7). These sentences in the KP citation in PsP chapter 17 follow
the order of those here in chapter 1. The order of the sentences in
KPed Tib concords with that of PsP Skt. PsP Tib agrees with KPed Tib.
KP Skt: subhūtir āha; KP Tib: n.e. subhūtir L: kiyacireṇāyu-
ed ed
ṣmataḥ D: parinivasyanti. KPed Skt (for the sentence): keva cireṇa
yūyaṃ parinirvāsyathaḥ D: āha. KPed Skt: te āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e.
te KP Skt for the sentence: yāvaccireṇa tathāgatanirmi[ta]kāḥ
ed
parinirvāsyaṃtāḥ tāvaccireṇa vayaṃ parinirvāsyāmaḥ Q: °ni-
mmitakāḥ; J: tathāgataḥnirmitakaḥ; L: °nimitikāḥ; PsPL: °nirmitāḥ;

ms P for the chapter 17 citation: tathāgatanirmitāḥ; ms P likewise
attests °nirmitāḥ in the sentence yaṅgāminas tathāgatanirmitāḥ both
here (toward end of citation) and in the chapter 17 citation. KPed Skt:
°nirmi[ta]kāḥ (cf. VD 2002: 52) KP Skt: subhūtir āha; KP
ed ed
Tib: n.e. subhūtir. In KPed Skt, this sentence is preceded by: subhūtir
āha | kṛtaṃ yuṣmābhi svakārtha te āhuḥ arthānupalabdhatvāt. These
sentences do not appear in KPed Tib. D: āha; J: om. KP Skt: te
ed
āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e. te KPed Skt: kārakānupa[la]bdhitvāt (cf. VD
2002: 52). KPed Tib: ngar ’dzin pa dang | nga yir ’dzin pa yongs su
shes pas so (= PsP Skt and Tib) KPed Skt: subhūtir āha; KPed Tib:
n.e. subhūtir D: āha; J, L: āhur. KPed Skt: te āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e.
te

अयात ् सवधमाणाम।् आह धिष तो य
ु ािभर ् मारः।

ु
आः मारानपलात ।् आह पिरचिरतो य ु ािभः

शाा । आर ् न कायेन न वाचा न मनसा । आह -Y

िवशोिधता ु ािभर ् दिणीयभूिमः । आर ् अाहतो
य

5 ऽिताहतः। आह ु
उीण यािभः संसारः। आर ् %U

ु दतो
अने ऽशाततः। आह ु
ितपा यािभर ् दि-

ु
णीयभूिमः । आः सवाहिवमितः । आह िकािमन
D: ratyanyajamāt; L: abhyantakṣayāt KP Skt: subhūtir āha;

ed
KPed Tib: n.e. subhūtir D: āha. KPed Skt: te āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e. te
KP Skt: subhūtir āha; KP Tib: n.e. subhūtir B, D, J, L: °tā
ed ed
D: °bhi D: om. KP Skt: tathāgataḥ; KP Tib: ston pa D:
ed ed
āha. KPed Skt: te āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e. te KPed Skt: om. na vācā
Q: om. KP Skt: cittena KP Skt: subhūtir āha; KP
ed ed ed
Tib: n.e. subhūtir D: vośiṣitā. KPed Skt: sthitā; KPed Tib: sbyangs
Q: dakṣiṇīyā°; B, J, L: dakṣiṇiya°; D: dantakṣaṇīya°; KP
ed Skt:
dākṣineyabhūmauḥ; as reflected in VD (2002: 52), the two dots inter-
preted in KPed Skt as a visarga actually function as a punctuation
marker. D: āha. KPed Skt: te āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e. te J: om.;
L: āhu. KPed Skt: subhūtir āha; KPed Tib: n.e. subhūtir KPed Skt:
chinnā; KPed Tib: brgal D: yuṣmābhiva D: āha. KPed Skt: te
āhuḥ; KPed Tib: n.e. te D: anucchaṃdato. KP Skt (for the sen-
ed
tence): anuccheda aśāśvatatvāt KPed Skt: subhūtir āha; KPed Tib:
n.e. subhūtir Em. following LVP: dakṣiṇīya°; P, Q: dakṣiṇīyā°;
D: dakṣiṇīyā°; B, J, L: dakṣiṇiya°; KPed Skt: śramaṇaśramaṇabhūmau

(VD: sets the first śramaṇa in curly brackets; it is not marked as de-
leted in the KP ms) for dakṣiṇīyabhūmiḥ; KPed Tib: sbyin pa’i gnas
kyi sar D: āha. KP Skt: tena punar āhuḥ; KP Tib: n.e. te pu-
ed ed
nar B, D, J: °vinirmuktitaḥ; L: sarvagrāsavinirmuktitaḥ; PsPL:
°vinirmuktitaḥ. KPed Skt: asaṃgāvimuktau; KPed Tib: ’dzin pa thams
cad las rnam par grol ba’i phyir. Ms P for the chapter 17 citation:

आयु ः। आर ् यािमनस ् तथागतिनिमता इित ा-

य ु तःे पिरपृतस ् तेषां च िभूणां िवसज यतां
ु तः सभू PsPL 50

तां पष ानां िभुशतानाम ् अनपादायावे
ु श ् िचािन

ु
िवमािन ािंशतश ् च ािणसहाणां िवरजो िवगतमलं

ु ॥्
धमष ु धमचरु ् िवशम 5

इित ॥

एवं मृषाभावाां तथागतिनिमताां ु
िभां पानां
ु
िभशतानां वदानिनबनं कृ तिमित॥

iउं चायवमडायां धारयाम ् –
°vimuktitaḥ KP Skt: subhūtir [āha] (see VD 2002: 53); KP

ed ed
Tib: n.e. subhūtir
D: āha; J: om.; KP Skt : te āhuḥ; KP Tib: n.e. te D: °tā; L: ta-
ed ed
thāganirmitāḥ D: subhūtaḥ Q: pañca; B, J, L: om.; PsPL: om.
ca. VD (2002: 53): (ca) Q: bhikṣuśatānāṃ; J: °ṇā J: viśarja-
yatāṃ D: tasmā D: °śetānām. KPed Skt: bhikṣuśatānāṃ paṃ-

cānāṃ ca bhikṣunīśatānām; KPed Tib: n.e. paṃcānāṃ ca bhikṣunīśatā-
nām D: anuyādā° P: prāṇasahasrāḥṇāṃ. KP Skt: prāṇisa-
ed
hasrāṇāṃ sadevamānuṣikāyāṃ prajāyāṃ; KPed Tib: n.e. sadevamānu-
ṣikāyāṃ prajāyāṃ P: °mala(ṃ); D: °mala P: °ṣu; B, J, L:
°ṣu; PsPL: °ṣuḥ LVP adds a preceding iti (viśuddhaṃ | iti || ity
evaṃ), which is not found in any of the mss Q: bhikṣubhyāṃ
tathāgatanirmitābhyāṃ (see next note); L: °nirmityāṃ Q: om.;
D: bhikṣutyāṃ B: cāyaṃvajra°; D: vāryavajra°; J: cāyaṣaja-

maṇḍāyāṃ; L: cāyavajamaṇḍāyāṃ PsP Tib adds a following
kyang.

ु काडं च ती मथन च ती पष
तथा मीः ु च

हायामं ती धूमः ाभ व ् अिर ् अिभिनवत ते ,

स चािसापो न काडसिितो न मथनीसिितो न

ु
पष ु ् असि-
हायामसिितः , एवमेव मीर

5 पयासमोिहत ु लोते
पषप ु रागपिरदाहो ेष-
J: puruṣa P: om. ca; B, D, J, L: om. ca; conj. by LVP: hastavyā-
yāmaṃ [ca] D: °vyāyāsaṃ; PsP Tib: gtsub shing dang gtsub stan
la brten | mi’i lag pa’i rtsol ba la brten nas du ba ’byung; VMD Tib P:
gtsub shing dang gtsub stan la yang brten | mi’i lag pas gtsub la yang
brten nas D: ṣṭamaḥ D, J, L: prādurbhavatīti Q: abhipra-
vartate; B, J, L: abhinivarttate; D: ebhi°; PsP Tib, VMD Tib P,
Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: mngon par ’grub; VMD Tib Phug brag
2: ’byung bar ’gyur P: cāgnisantātpor; Q: cāgnisaṃpāto; D: cā-
gnisaṃtopo; PsP Tib, VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1 & 2:
n.e. santāpaḥ D: va Em. following LVP: °sanniśrito; P, Q:
°sanniḥśrito; B, D, J, L: °saṃniḥśrito Em. following LVP: ma-
thanīsanniśrito; P: araṇisanniśrito; Q: °saṃniḥśrito; B, J, L: °san-

niḥsṛto; D: °saṃniḥśrito. P, B, D, J, L: conjoined with following
compound (puruṣahasta°); PsPL: puruṣahasta° Q: °sanniḥśritaḥ;

D: °sanniḥśritaḥ; J: °vyāyāmaṃsanniḥśritaḥ Q: °viparyāsa-
saṃmohitasya; D: asadviyaryāsamāhitasya; PsP Tib: n.e. viparyāsa:

med pa las skyes bu gang zag rmongs pa la; VMD Tib P, Gondhla,
sTog, Phug brag 1 & 2: n.e. viparyāsa. VMD Tib, however, construes
asat with paridāha: skye bu1 gang zag rmongs pa la ’dod chags dang |
zhe sdang dang | gti mug gyis yong su gdung ba2 med3 pa4 ’byung5
ste |; 1 VMD Tib Gondhla: om. skye bu; 2 sTog: ba’i; 3sTog: me; 4Phug
brag 1: bar; 5Gondhla: om. ’byung; VMD Tib Phug brag 2: rmongs
pa’i skye bu dag la | ’dod chags dang gti mug gyis yong su gdung ba |
med bzhin tu byung ste | B, J: °puṃgalasyotpadyante; D: °pud-
galasyātpadyate; L: as B, °puṅgala°

-U पिरदाहो मोहपिरदाहः। स च पिरदाहो नाां न बिहधा

/Y ्
नोभयम अरे ु ् यद ् उते मोह
ण ितः । अिप त ु मीर

इित तत ् के न कारणेनोते मोह इित। अमो ु िह

ु
मीः सवधमर ् मोहस ् तेनोते मोह इित। तथा

ु
नरकमखा ु
मीः सवधमा इदं धारणीपदम।् आह कथं 5

'Y ्
भगव इदं धारणीपदम।् आह नरका म ुीर ् बाल-

%Y पृथजन ैर ्
असिपयासिवठिपताः िवकसूताः । PsPL 51
आह कु भगवन ् नरकाः समवसरि। भगवानाह आकाश-

समवसरणा मीरु ् नरकाः। तत ् िकं मसे मीः
ु
D: °dāhā P: nādhyātma; Q: nādhyātmyaṃ D: antaraṇa

D: sthita. PsP Tib, VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: gnyi ga
med par yang mi gnas ⁘ nobhayam antareṇa sthitaḥ (antareṇa is
intended in its BHS sense of “between”); VMD Tib Phug brag 2:
gnyis ka’i bar na gnas pa ma yin D: maṃjuśrī; L: °śrī PsP
Tib, VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: n.e. yat; VMD Tib
Phug brag 2: gang D: tata D: ka≈raṇenācyata P: om.
P: Ø; L: sarvadharmer P: Ø; D: tenocyade P: Ø; L: tatho
PsP Tib, VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1 & 2: chos thams
cad ni sems can dmyal ba’i sgo L: sarvadharmer (then repeats)
mohas tenoccyate moha iti || tatho narakaṃmukhā maṃjuśrīr L:
om. idaṃ dhāraṇīpadam | āha kathaṃ bhagavann idaṃ dhāraṇīpadam

| āha narakā mañjuśrīr J: ida PsP Tib, VMD Tib P, Gondhla,
sTog, Phug brag 1 & 2 translate narakāḥ as sems can dmyal ba (dag)
throughout D: bālavṛtaṣagjanair; J: bālamṛthagjanair; L: bola°
D: °vidyapitāḥ; J, L: viṭhavitāḥ D: svavilakalpa° P: ⊗; L:
ākāśasamavasamavasaraṇā P: Ø; L: manyasa P: Ø; D: vi-

sarga formed like dṛ

िवकसूता नरका उत भावसूताः। आह िव-

केन ैव भगवन ् सवबालपृथजना नरकितययोिनयमलोकं

सानि। ते चासमारोपेण ःखां वेदनां वेदयि 3Y

ःखम ् अनभवि
ु ् षु ॥
ि अपाये

5 यथा चाहं भगवन ् नरकान ् पयािम तथा नारकं ःखम।्

तथा भगवन ् किदेव पषः
ु ु ारगतो नरक-
सः 4Y
P: [1](vi)ka̝[1](s)aṃbhūtā; B, D, J: °tāḥ; L: svavikalpaṃsaṃbhūtāḥ

B, D, J, L: naraka Q: u D: svavikalpyanaiva Q: bhavan
Q: om. sarva; PsP Tib, VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1 &
2: n.e. sarva Q: narakapretatiryagyoni°; D: °tiryaśyoni°; Q’s
preta is not reflected in PsP Tib or VMD Tib (P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug
brag 1 & 2). The fact that *LṬ’s author glosses yamaloka with pretāḥ
indicates that his PsP ms did not attest preta (cf. *LṬ 2004: 124, 141
[fol. 2b3]). D: °ropeṇeḥ P: duṣkhaṃ; L: duḥkhā D: ce-
danāṃ D: vadayaṃti P: duṣkhaṃ D: apāyeṣa Q:

nāhaṃ; D: vāhe; PsP Tib: ma khums; VMD Tib: mi/ma mthong.
Tibetan for the entire sentence: PsP Tib: bdag gis ni ji ltar sems can
dmyal ba ma khums pa de bzhin du sems can dmyal ba’i sdug bsngal
yang ma khums so ||; VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: bdag
gis sems can dmyal ba ji ltar mi mthong ba de bzhin du | sems can
dmyal ba rnams1 mi mthong ste | sems can dmyal ba’i2 sdug bsngal3
yang ma mchis so ||; 1sTog: dmyal ba pa rnams; 2sTog: dmyal ba pa’i;
3Gondhla: sdug bsngal ba’i sdug bsngal; Phug brag 1: sdug bsngal ba;
VMD Tib Phug brag 2: ji ltar sems can dmyal ba ni bdag gis ma
mthong ngo || de bzhin du sems can dmyal ba pa yang ma mthong ste
|| sems can dmyal ba’i sdug bsngal yang ma mthong ngo ||. See Trans-
lation note. D: bhagavana; L: bhagava P: Ø; D: mārakaṃ;
L: prārakaṃ P: Ø; D: bhagavanaṃ PsP Tib, VMD Tib: n.e.

eva D: °taraśato

गतम ् आानं सानीते । स त िथतायां सिलता-

याम ् अन ेकपौषायां लोहकुां िमानं सानीयात ।्

स त खरां कटुकां तीां ःखां वेदनां वेदयेत।् स त

-Y मानसं पिरदाहं सानीयाद ् उसेत ् ससेत ् सासम ्
P: na̝ra̝(k).[2](m); D: narakaśatam Q: saṃjānīyet (final t origin-

ally read te but e has been erased and a virāma added) B: ka°
Q: prajvalitāyām D: anaka°; PsP Tib: skyes bu du ma dang ldan
pa; VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: ’dom du ma mchis pa;
VMD Tib Phug brag 2: mi du mas. See Translation note. L: lo-
khakumtyāṃ P: ⊗; D: saṃjī(?)nīyāt; L: saṃjīyāt P: om. sa

tatra kharāṃ kaṭukāṃ L: khanāṃ D: kadukāṃ D:
tīkaṃ; PsP Tib: drag cing mi bzad la brnag par dka’ zhing yid du mi
’ong ba ⁘ kharāṃ kaṭukāṃ tīvrāṃ; VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug
brag 1: sdug bsngal gyi tshor ba myong bar rab tu ’tshal te ⁘ kharāṃ
kaṭukāṃ tīvrāṃ duḥkhaṃ vedanāṃ vedayet; VMD Tib Phug brag 2:
sdug bsngal gyi tshor ba myong nas D: duḥkhā L: mānaṃ-
pasaṃ PsP Tib: myong bar ’gyur ⁘ sañjānīyāt P: uttrasana
P: santrasa(n)a̝; B, D, J, L: om.; PsP Tib: skrag par ’gyur | dngangs
par ’gyur (*santraset) | kun tu dngangs par ’gyur ⁘ uttraset santraset

santrāsam āpadyeta; VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: ’jigs
(Gondhla: |) skrag ste sngangs ⁘ uttraset santraset santrāsam āpadye-
ta; VMD Tib Phug brag 2: sngangs kun tu sngangs | kun tu rab tu
sngangs par gyur ⁘ uttraset santraset santrāsam āpadyeta. Cp., e.g.,
Aṣṭa 3.12: … nottrasyati na saṃtrasyati na saṃtrāsam āpadyate. PsP
Tib (unlike VMD Tib) sets the verbs describing the man’s fear in a
separate sentence (the new sentence begins after myong bar ’gyur)
which commences with de de na (*sa tatra). P: Ø; D: saṃtrā; L:
satrāsas

आपेत । स त ितिवबः ु समानो ऽहो ःखम ् अहो

ःखिमित ेच ् छोचेत ् पिरदेवते ।् अथ त िमाित-

सालोिहताः पिरपृेयःु के न ैतत ् तव ःखिमित। स तान ्

िमाितसालोिहतान ् एवं वदेद ् न ैरियकं ःखम ् अन-ु

5 भूतम।् स तान ् आोशेत ् पिरभाषेताहं च नाम न ैरियकं

ु
ःखमनभवािम यूय ं च मे उिर पिरपृथ के न ैतत ्तव

PsPL 52 ःखिमित। अथ ते िमाितसालोिहतास ् तं पषमे ु वं /U

वदेयरु ् मा भ ैर ् मा भ ैर ् भोः पष
ु , सो
ु िह म,् न
Em. following LVP: āpadyeta. P: Ø; Q: āpadyate; B, D, J, L: āpadya-

te P: Ø; Q: vibuddhaḥ; D: °ddha; J, L: pati° PsP Tib: sad par
gyur zhing rlom pa dang bcas pas ⁘ prativibuddhaḥ samānaḥ; VMD
Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: slar sad (Gondhla: bsad) pa ⁘ pra-
tivibuddhaḥ samānaḥ; VMD Tib Phug brag 2: n.e. prativibuddhaḥ
samānaḥ P: Ø; L: duḥkh P: Ø; Q: krandeta; D: krandata
P: Ø; B, J, L: ścoce; D: ścocen P: Ø; Q: parivet; D: paridevat
D: tasva B: °sārohitāḥ; D: °jñātimālohitāḥ; J: °jñānisārohitāḥ;
L: °sārohitāṃ L: paripṛch(?)eyu B: kinatat; D: kenet(?)at;
J: kenatat; L: kenata; PsPL: kena tat; PsP Tib: ’di ltar ⁘ etat; VMD
Tib: n.e. etat P: (ta)va̝ ; B, D, J: te; L: tre ; PsPL: te B: °sāro-
hitān; D: mitraijñāti° B, J: vedayet; D: vaden; L: vadayet
Q: adds following me; D: nairayirkama; PsP Tib: nges; VMD Tib:
bdag L: duḥkhaṃm Q: akrośeta; D: okroṣen B, D, J, L:

paribhāṣet | a° (J: ||); PsPL: paribhāṣet (half-daṇḍa) a° D: va
Although classical Sanskrit’s sandhi rules would dictate a change
to ma, I accept the mss’ me in the present citation. PsP Tib: n.e.
me uttari; VMD Tib: nga la Em. following LVP: °tha. P: Ø; Q:

°ta; B, D, J, L: °ta L: tave D: first repeats sa tān mitrajñāti-
sālohitān evaṃ vadet nairayikaṃ duḥkham anubhūtaṃ D, L °yu
D: mā hai Q: mā bhir; L: om.; D: mā hair; PsP : om. mā
L
bhair; Tib: ma ’jigs shig Q: bho D: sapto

्
िमतो गृहात िचन ्
िनगतः ु
। त पनरिप ृितर ् उेत

%U ु
सो ऽहम ् अभूवम ।् िवतथमेतन ् मया पिरकितम ्

अभूतम ् इित। स पनर
ु ्अिप सौमनं ितलभते॥

तथा भगवन ् स पषो
ु ऽसमारोपेण सः ु ार-

्
गतो नरकगतम आानं सानीयात,् एवम ् एव भगवन ् 5

सवबालपृथजना असागपयवनाः ीिनिमं क-

यि । ते ीिनिमं किया तािभः साध रममाणम ्

आानं सानि । त बालपृथजनैवं भव ्

ु
अहं पष इयं ी ममैषा ी। त तेन छरागपय-
D: nirgataiḥ Q: utpadyate; B, J, L: utpadyate; PsP : utpadyate

L
D: suptoḥ J: haṃm Q: abhūd; B: anubhūvaṃ Q: pari-
parikalpitam Q: anubhūtam; B, D, J, L: anubhūtam; LVP (PsPL

52, n. 1) does not include anubhūtam or emend to abhūtam, but does
note that his mss read anubhūtam; PsP Tib: yang dag pa ma yin pa ’di
bdag gis kun tu brtags so ⁘ vitatham etan mayā parikalpitam abhū-
tam. VMD Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: yang dag pa ma yin pa
dngos po med pa de la bdag gis brtags pa lta zhig ste | dngos po ci
yang med do; VMD Tib Phug brag 2: bdag gis phyin ci log gis brtags
par gyur to D: eti D: saumenasyaṃ; J: somanasyaṃ P:
Ø; D: puruṣāḥ P: Ø; B, J, L: °samārāpeṇa; D: samārāyev(?)ā

J: supta P: Ø; J: svantaragato L: ātsāmaṃ D: evay
D: °vat Q: asadvāsanāparyava°; L: asaḍāga°; PsP Tib: bden
pa ma lags pa’i ’dod chags kyis kun nas bcings pa; VMD Tib P:
mchis pa ma lags pa’i ’dod chags kyis kun tu dkris pas Q: kal-
panti Q: strīnittaṃ L: tābhi D: vamamānaṃm; J: °mā-

naṃ; L: ramamāśam J: om. J: saṃjānaṃanti; L: sajānaṃti
Q: tasyaivaṃ J: pṛthag° D: bhavatā (ā sandhi) D:
°ṣaḥ B, J, L: imaṃ J, L: tena tasya


वितेन िचेन भोगपयौ िचं ामित । स ततोिनदानं -U

कलहिवहिववादं सनयित। त ेिय वैरं सा-

यते । स तेन सािवपयास ेन कालगतः समानो बिन
कसहािण नरके ष ु ःखां वेदनां वेदयमानमाानं सा-

5 नाित ॥

तथा भगवंस ् त पष ु िमाितसालोिहता एवं वद-

ि मा भ ैर ् मा भ ैर ् भोः पष ु िह म,् न म ् इतो
ु , सो

् ा
गृहात ् कुतिन ् िनगत इित, एवम ् एव भगवन ब ु भगव-

श ् िचिवपयासिवपयानां सानाम ् एवं धम /Y
D: °paryavasthitaṃna; J, L: chandarāgaparyavasānaddhāḥ, repeat

(now with previous deletions included): strīnimittaṃ kalpayanti te
strī nimittaṃ kalpayitvā tābhiḥ sārddha ramamāṇaṃ ātmānaṃ saṃ-
jānanti || tasya bālapṛthagjanasyaivaṃ bhavaty ahaṃ puruṣa imaṃ strī
mamaiṣām strī tasya tena chandarāgaparyavasthitena; PsP Tib: ’dun
pa’i ’dod chags ⁘ chandarāga° B, J, L: bhogaparyastau; D: bhā-
gaparyaṣṭhau; PsPL: bhogaparyeṣṭiṃ; PsP Tib: spyod tshol bar D:
nittaṃ B, J, L: krāmayati; PsP : krāmayati; PsP Tib: ’jug par

L
’gyur L: tatonidrānaṃ Em. following LVP: vairaṃ. P: vairaḥ;
Q: vairasya; B, D, J, L: vairaḥ Q: jāyate D: samāloka; PsP
Tib: rlom pa dang bcas pa ⁘ samānaḥ: rlom pa dang bcas pa de ’du

shes phyin ci log des ’chi ba’i dus bgyis par gyur nas ⁘ sa tena saṃ-
jñāviparyāsena kālagataḥ samāno J: bahūṇi B: saṃjānāṃti;
J, L: saṃjananti B: °vāṃs; D: °vana J: °sālohitāsalohitā; L:

°sālohitāti P, Q: bho; D: bhāḥ D: svam B, J, L: itā
P: kutaścitan L: e PsP Tib: bcom ldan ’das rnams kyis
kyang B, D: caturviparyāsa°; L: catraviparyāsa°; J: catuvi...stā-
nā; PsP Tib, VMD Tib: phyin ci log bzhis ⁘ cittaviparyāsa°. The
traditional four errors are not topical in the passage. J: sattvo-
nām J: eva J, L: dharma


ु
देशयि ना ी न पषो ु
न सो न जीवो न पषो न

ु
पलः । िवतथा इमे सवधमाः । अस इमे सवधमाः ।

िवठिपता इमे सवधमाः। मायोपमा इमे सवधमाः। ोप- PsPL 53

%Y मा इमे सवधमाः। िनिमतोपमा इमे सवधमाः। दकचोपमा

े नां
इमे सवधमाः। इित िवरः । त इमां तथागत धमदश 5

'U ु ा िवगतरागान ् सवधमान ् पयि, िवगतदोषान ्

सवधमान ् पयि , िवगतमोहान ् सवधमान ् पयि,

-Y अभावान ् अनावरणान।् त आकाशितेन चेतसा कालं
D: daśayaṃti B, D, J, L: °ṣā D: ne B, J, L: satvā D:

jīvā Q: poṣo B, J: puṃgalo; L: puṅgalo D: nitathā Q:
sarvadharmā P: om. asanta ime sarvadharmāḥ | viṭhapitā ime
sarvadharmāḥ; Q: om. asanta ime sarvadharmāḥ; PsP Tib: chos ’di

dag thams cad ni yod pa ma yin pa | chos ’di dag thams cad ni phyin
ci log gis bsgrubs pa ⁘ asanta ime sarvadharmāḥ | viṭhapitā ime sar-
vadharmāḥ; VMD Tib: chos ’di dag thams cad ni med pa’o | chos ’di
dag thams cad ni rnams par bsgrubs pa’o ⁘ asanta ime sarvadharmāḥ
| viṭhapitā ime sarvadharmāḥ D: °dharmāse D: vithayitā
J: māye(?)pamā B, J, L: udaka°; D: dekecandropamā; PsP :
L
udaka° B, J, L: viṣṭaraḥ PsP Tib: de bzhin du ⁘ imāṃ: de
bzhin du de dag de bzhin gshegs pa’i chos bstan pa thos nas; VMD
Tib P, Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: de dag gis de bzhin gshegs pa’i
chos (P: chos de) thos nas ⁘ ta imāṃ tathāgatasya dharmadeśanāṃ
śrutvā; VMD Tib Phug brag 2: de rnams de bzhin gshegs pa las chos
thos pas D: sarvasarvadharmāḥ B, D, J, L: om.; PsP : om.
L
vigatadoṣān; PsP Tib supports doṣa (BHS for dveṣa): zhe sdang dang
bral pa; VMD Tib Gondhla, sTog, Phug brag 1: zhe sdang ma mchis
pa; VMD Tib P, Phug brag 2: zhe sdang dang bral ba B, D, J, L:
om.; PsPL: om. sarvadharmān B, D, J, L: om.; PsPL: om. paśyanti

D: °māhān D: athabhavon

कुवि । ते कालगताः समाना िनपिधशेष े िनवाणधातौ 3U

्
पिरिनवाि। एवम अहं ्
भगवन नरकान ् पयािम॥
इित॥

iउं चायपािलपिरपृायाम ् –

5 भय दिशत न ैरियकं मे ससह सवेिजत न ैके ।

न च िवित किह सो यो तु ु गित घोरम अपा-्

यम ् ॥
J: kuvanti B, D, J, L: sāmānāḥ; PsPL: sāmānāḥ D: °ṣa D:

ehaṃ Q: nārakān L: cāryopāripṛchāyāṃ D: darśitai
D: vairayikaṃ; L: °ka B, J, L: °sahasraṃ; D: °sahasvaṃ
Em. following LVP and Python (1973: 59): savejita. P: saṃvejitu;
Q: saṃvejita; B, J, L: vejituṃ; D: vajituṃ. saṃvejita appears in P’s

equivalents for PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. A prosodically short nasal
(sãvejita) probably stands behind P and Q’s readings, but this short
nasal can only be written either as saṃvejita (nasalization marked but
prosodically incorrect) or as savejita (prosodically correct but nasali-
zation unmarked). sãvejitu is also possible; cf. BHSG §8.30. D:
ra Q: kaściha, but a di from the lower margin is marked to be

inserted after °ci; B, D, J: kaścit; L: ka | ścit. Like Python (1973: 59),
I understand kaściha as intending kaśc’iha; P attests kaściha here and
in the passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. D: satvā;
PsPL: satva; Python (1973: 59): sattva. The (irregular) dodhaka metre
(see PsPL 53, n. 4) expects a long syllable. P also attests satvo in the
passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. P: cyutta; Q:
cyuta; D: vyatu. P attests cyutta (probably a misreading of cyutu) in

its passage equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 but cyutu in the passage
equivalent to 234.11f. The a/u variation may merely represent differ-
ent ways of writing a vowel that was perhaps close to ŏ or Ə and for
which a specific grapheme was not available. D: ayāyaṃ

न च कारणकारक सी येिह कृ ता अिसतोमरशाः ।

कवशेन त ु पयित त कािय पति अपािय त शाः॥ PsPL 54

ु
िचमनोरमसितपाः ण िवमान जलि मनोाः।
Em. following Python: kāraṇakāraka. P, Q: kārakakāraṇa (P attests

this reading in the passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f.);
B: kārakakāraṇaṃ; D, J, L: kārakakāraṇa; Python (cf. 1973: 59; 128,
n. 6) discards LVP’s kāraku kāraṇa for kāraṇa-kāraka on the basis of
the Upāliparipṛcchā Tib and Chinese. PsP Tib: gang dag ral gri mda’
chen mtshon ’byin pa’i || gnod pa byed pa yod pa ma yin te. BHSD
s.v. kāraṇā: “torture, torment, esp. applied to the torments of hell.”
PsP and Python: santi. Ms P also attests santī in the passages equi-
L
valent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. The dodhaka metre expects a long
final syllable. On the lengthening of historic i to ī in BHS verses, see
BHSG §3.12; even in cases of short i at the end of pāda, BHSG §26.2.
D: yaṃhi Em. following LVP and Python: °tomaraśastrāḥ. P:
°tomaravarśāḥ; Q: °tomaravarṣāḥ; B, J, L: °tomaravarṣāḥ; D: isito-

mamaiv(?)arṣāḥ; P attests °śastrā in the passage equivalent to PsPL
191.2-9 and °śastrāḥ in the passage equivalent to 234.11f. PsPL’s
°tomaraśastrāḥ may represent a silent emendation. B, J: āpāyi; D:
ayāpi; LVP connects apāyi with the next word to form apāyita D:
te Em. following LVP and Python: °puṣpāḥ (Python, however,
presents citra manorama sajjita puṣpāḥ). Like Python, I accept PsPL’s

°sajjita°, which is based on the faulty reading °sajjitā° attested by
either the Calcutta or Paris ms used by LVP (Cambridge, i.e., my ms
L, reads °saṃjñita°) and has descended from ms J’s °saṃjñita°. P:
citramanoramasaṃjñitaśreṣṭāḥ (similarly in the equivalent passage in
P for PsPL 191.2-9 but °sajñita° in the passage equivalent to PsPL
234.11f.); Q: cittamanoramasaṃjitaśreṣṭāḥ; B, J, L: °saṃjñitaśreṣṭāḥ;
D: °saṃjñitaśreṣṭoḥ. Upāliparipṛcchā and PsP Tib: sna tshogs yid
dga’ me tog kha bye zhing ||. PsP Tib has been copied in from Upāli-
paripṛcchā Tib. Q: jvalanti; B, L: jvalaṃti; J: jvalanti; P attests
jvalanti in the passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. The


तेिप कारकु नािह कित ् ते ऽिप च ािपत क-
वशेन॥

कवशेन िवकित ु लोकः सगहेण िवकित ु बालः।

सो च गहो अगहो असभूतो मायमरीिचसमा िह
5 िवकाः॥
इित॥
dodhaka metre requires a short syllable.

P: kāraka; Q: kārakan; B, J, L: kāraka; P reads kāraku in the pas-
sages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. Q: nāstīha; I under-
stand nāstiha as intending nāst’iha PsP and Python: kaści; the
L
dodhaka metre expects a long syllable. D: kalpa P: cakalpitu;
B, J: vikalpatu; D: yatu; L: vikalpayatu; Tib: rnam brtags. P attests
vikalpitu in the passage equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 but tu vikalpita in
that equivalent to PsPL 234.11f. Em. following LVP and Python:
sañjñagaheṇa. P: saṃjñagraheṇa; Q: saṃjñāgraheṇa; B, L: °graheṇa;

D: saṃjñapraheṇa; J: saṃjñāgraheṇa. P attests saṃjñagraheṇa in the
passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. The dodhaka metre
requires a short syllable. Q: vikalpito; B, J, L: vikalpayatu; D:
cikalpapatu B, L: sā P: tra, but P attests ca in the passages

equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. Em. following LVP and
Python: gaho. P, Q: graho; B, J, L: graho; D: grahā (ā sandhi). P

attests graho in the passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f.
The dodhaka metre requires a short syllable. Em. following LVP
and Python: agaho. P, Q: ’graho; B, J: ’graho; D: agreho; L: om. P
attests ’graho in the passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f.
The dodhaka metre requires a short syllable. P: ’sabhūto; Q:
’sadbhūto; B, J: asadbhūto. P attests respectively sadbhūto and ’sad-

bhūto in the passages equivalent to PsPL 191.2-9 and 234.11f. B:
māyāma°; Python (1973: 60) presents māyāma° but the dodhaka
metre demands a short syllable. B: hita

तदेवम ् असभावा भावाः िवपयासिवठिपता बालानां

सेशहेतवो भवि संसार इित ितम ॥्

यथा च मृषाभावानां पदाथानां सेशवदानहेतु म,् तथा

ममकावताराद ् िवरेणावसेयम ॥्

/U iअाह – यिद तः परत उभयतो ऽहेततश ु ् च नाि 5

-U ु ादः, तत ् कथम ् अिवायाः संारा इंु
भावानाम

4D भगवता ॥

उते – संविृ तर ् एषा न तम॥्

iिकं ृ रे ् वा न वा ॥
संवत

%U ृ ःे िसिर ् अपु गते , न त ु प-
इदयतामाेण संवत 10

ु
चतया ु न सभाववादसात ् त चाय
पगमे ु ात ् ।
P: asvabhāva; B, D, J, L: atasvabhāva; PsPL: ete ’svabhāvā; Tib yod

pa ma yin pa’i rang bzhin can Q: °viparyasa°; Tib: n.e. sva P:
saṃklesa° L: sthite Tib: n.e. ca P: °āvaśeyaṃ; B, J, L:
viṣṭareṇā°; D: °ṇāveseyaṃ D: atrāhā B, D, J, L: tatra; PsP :

L
tatra; Tib: n.e. tat D: kath D: °to B, J, L: saṃvṛti
B, D, J, L: evā; PsP : eva; Tib: ’di. De Jong (1978: 33) emends to
L
eṣā on the basis of Tib and D’s reading saṃvṛtir eṣeti at its equivalent
for PsPL 67.11. B, D: °te; J, L: savṛte B: vyavasthānaṃ vak-
tavyā ⁘ vyavasthā na vaktavyā; J: vyavasthānaṃ varvyakta (‘1’ writ-
ten over kta, ‘2’ over rvya) ⁘ vyavasthā na vaktavyā; PsPL: vyava-
sthānaṃ vaktavyam; Tib: ci kun rdzob kyi rnam par gzhag pa brjod
par bya ba yin nam zhe na D: °pratyayatāmatraiśa B, D, J,
L: °taḥ D: etyupa°; L: abhupa° B: °catuṣṭayātyupa°; D:

ṣṭayātyupagamena P: svabhāva°; Q: sasvabhāvabhāvavāda°; D:
sasvabhāvadhāda°; Tib: dngos po rang bzhin dang bcas pa smra bar


PsPL 55 ु
इदयतामाापगमे ु लयोर ् अोापेान ्
िह सित हेतफ

नाि ाभािवकी िसिर ् इित नाि सभाववादः ॥ अत
एवोम –्

् तकम
य तं परकृ तं ाां कृ तम अहे ु ।्

5 तािक कै र ् इते ःखं या तूं तीजम॥्
इित॥

इहािप वित –

ती कारकः कम तं ती च कारकम।्
्
कम वतत े नात पयामः िसिकारणम॥्
10 इित॥

भगवताेतावाम ् एवोम ् – तायं धमसे तो यता-

िन ् सतीदं भवोादािददमु ते, यतािवायाः

संाराः संारयं िवानम ् इािद ॥
thal bar ’gyur ba’i phyir D: vāyu°

D: °pratyayavāmātrātyupagame; L: idaṃpratyataḥtāmātrā° B, J,
L: °yār J: svābhāvikāṃ D: eti D: sasvabhāvapādaḥ; L:
°vādaṃḥ; Tib: dngos po rang bzhin dang bcas par smra ba(r) ⁘ sasva-
bhāvavādaḥ P: parākṛtaṃ; D: om. L: ahetuṃ P: tākim-
kair; D: tārkiker; J: tākikair D: iṣyete D: tvayo B, D:
bhūktaṃ; J, L: bhūtaṃ B, J, L: vakṣyatam iti P: kārakaṃ

L: pratītyā D: evektaṃ Q: yadudasmin; D: °smi L:
yadutāvidyapretyayāḥ P: om. D: vijñānaṃm B: °diḥ


iअ ्
के िचत पिरचोदयि –

ु
अना भावा इित िकम ् अयं माणजो िनय उता-

माणजः। त यिद माणज इते , तदेदं वम ् –

कित माणािन िकं लणािन िकं िवषयािण िकं त उािन

ु
िकं परत उभयतो ऽहेततु ो वेित । अथामाणजः स न यः 5
-Y माणाधीनात ् मेयािधगम। अनिधगतो थ न िवना

माणरै ् अिधग ं ु शत इित माणाभावादथािधगमाभावे

सित कुतो भवतो ऽयं सिय इित न य
ु मेतद ् अन-ु
P: pare codayanti. The scribe wrote pari° but then erased the medial
i to change pari to pare (pare may represent a deliberate change).
Q: om. Q: om.; B, J, L: iyaṃ D: °jā; J, N: °jyo; L: pramāṇa-
kro P: ⊗; B, J, L: niścaye; D: niśca uya P: Ø; L: pramāṇajaḥ ||

tatra yadi pramāṇaja P: ⊗; L: iṣyata P: tadevam; Q: om.; D:
tadadaṃ; Tib: n.e. tadā P: va̞(kt)+[1]; L: vektavyaṃ B, J, L:
°ni; D: kiṃciṣayāṇi B, D, J, L: °tā Tib: ci bdag las skyes pa

zhig gam | gzhan nam gnyi ga ’am rgyu med pa las yin zhes bya ba ⁘
kiṃ svata utpannāni kiṃ parata ubhayato ’hetuto veti J: n J:
adhigantu Tib: tshad ma med pas don rtogs pa yang med na ⁘
pramāṇābhāvād arthādhigamābhāve sati P: Ø; B, D, J, L: om.;
PsPL: om. bhavato; Tib: khyod kyi. The lack of bhavato in the paper
mss may be due to an eyeskip from °to of kuto to °to of bhavato. The
missing part of P’s line of writing might allow for bhavato. P: Ø;
Q: om.; Tib: ’di. Q’s loss of ’yam may have occurred when Q’s
scribe’s eye skipped from yam to sam of samyag° (the akṣara mya is
written as a conjunct). Although avagrahas occur less frequently in
the palm-leaf mss than in the paper mss, there is a slightly unusual
daṇḍa with a thick middle preceding samyag° in Q which may repre-
sent the misinterpretation of an avagraha (Q reads bhavataḥ | samyag-
ni°). P: Ø; D: samyakaniśyaya; J: °niścaye

ु
ा भावा इित। यतो वायं िनयो भवतो ऽना भावा

इित भिवित, तत एव ममािप सवभावाः सीित। यथा /Y

PsPL 56 ु
चायं ते िनयो ऽनाः सवभावा इित, तथ ैव ममािप 3Y

सवभावोिर ् भिवित। अथ ते ना ् अयं िनयो

5 ु
ऽनाः सवभावा इित, तदा यमिनित परायना- %Y

सवाच ् छाारवैयम ् एवेित स ् अितिषाः

सवभावाः ॥
इित॥

उते – यिद किन ् िनयो नामााकंात,् स माण-

10 जो वा ादमाणजो वा। न ि। िकं कारणम।् इहािन-
P: Ø; B, J, L: °no; PsPL: aniṣpannā P: vācāyaṃ; Q: nāyaṃ; B, J,

L: cāyaṃ B, J, L: bhavetā P: Ø; B, J, L: mayāpi; D: mamāyi
P: Ø; D: °bhāvā; L: dv(?)ibhāvāḥ J: tathā D: vāyaṃ; L: cāya
L: śvayo P: sarvadharmā; B, D, J, L: sarvadharmā; PsP : sarva-
L
dharmā; Tib: dngos po thams cad. The citation in PsP Tib has been
directly translated from PsP Sanskrit, i.e., was not, like the majority
of the citations in the PsP, copied in from a pre-existing Tibetan trans-
lation of the source work. L: tathaica L: sasāpi D:
°bhāvātpatti; J: °patti; L: rvabhāvātpatti P: Ø; B, D, J, L: om.
ayaṃ; Tib: ’di P: Ø; B, J, L: °nā P: Ø; B, D, J, L: parapra-

tyayanā° P: ⊗; D: °rambhavayathām L: aveti Q: °si-
ddhāḥ; B: °dhā; J, L: apratiddhā L: sarvabhāṣā D: kaści

J, L: nāsmākaṃ; conj. by LVP: nā[mā]smākaṃ D: °jā B,
D, J, L: °jā D: ra

'Y यसवे सित ात ् तितपस ् तदपेो िनयः । यदा  ्

अिनय एव तावदाकं नाि, तदा कुतस ् तिो िनयः

ात ् सरिनरपेात ,् खरिवषाण दीघतावत।्

यदा च ैवं िनयाभावः, तदा क िसथ माणािन PsPL 57

4Y पिरकियामः । कुतो वैषां सा लणं िवषयो वा 5

भिवित तः परत उभयतो ऽहेततु ो वा समिर
ु ् इित

-U सवम ् एतन ् न वमािभः॥
Q: ihaniścaya°; B, J: ihāniścayasebhāve; D: ihāṇiścayasaṃbhava; L:

ihāniścayasabhave P: pratipakṣyas; B: tatpratipekṣas Q: tadā-
pekṣo; B, J, L: °ṣā; D: tadaprakṣā Tib adds yang: de’i gnyen por
gyur pa’i nges pa yang B, J, L: sv; Tib: n.e. tu Q: aniściya

P: ⊗; B: teviruddhā; D: tadviruddhā; J: taviruddhā; L: taviruddhā-
viruddhā; PsPL: tadviruddhāviruddho. LVP (PsPL 56, n. 4) notes that

Tib suggests tadviruddho: Tib: de dang ’gal ba. Stcherbatsky (1927:
136, n. 4) emends to tadviruddho. P: ⊗; Q: saṃbandhyantarape-
kṣatvāt; B, J, L: sabandhya°; Tib: ’brel pa can gzhan la ma ltos pa’i

phyir P: ⊗; B: kharavikhāṇasya P: vain; Tib: n.e. ca B:
kasya tadā B, L: °tha; D: pratiddhyarthaṃ; J: prasiddhārtha
P: (pa)ri[1]yiṣyāmaḥ; D: parikatthayiṣyāmaḥ D: bhavo; Tib:
grangs dang mtshan nyid dang yul dang | bdag gam gzhan nam gnyi
ga ’am rgyu med pa las skye zhes bya bar yang ga la ’gyur te ⁘ kuto
vaiṣāṃ saṅkhyā lakṣaṇaṃ viṣayo vā bhaviṣyati svataḥ parata ubhaya-
to ’hetuto vā samutpattir iti B, J, L: caiṣāṃ D: lekṣaṇaṃ
B, D, J, L: viṣayā P, Q: om. B, J, L: hayiṣyati Em.
following LVP: ’hetuto. P, Q: om. ’hetuto; B, D, J, L: om. ’hetuto; Tib:

rgyu med pa las D: mamutpattir; L: emu | tpattir D: sa-
vaṃm J, L: ebhan

i येव ं ु ् इदं िनितपं
िनयो नाि भवतः कथं पनर

वाम ् उपलते भवताम ् – न तो नािप परतो न ाां

ु भावा भवीित ।
नाहेततो

उते – िनितम ् इदं वां लोक िसय ैवोप-

5 पा नायाणाम॥्

iिकं ख ् आयाणाम उपपिर
् ् नाि।

के न ैतद ् उम ् अि वा नाि वेित । परमाथ  आय
् स्

तूीभावः । ततः कुतस त ् पसवो यत उपपिर ् अन-ु
P: (bh)a̞va̞(t)a̞(ḥ); B, D: sarvataḥ; J, L: sarvata; PsPL: sarvataḥ; Tib:

khyod la P: Ø; D: pranar; L: puna P: Ø; L: ditaṃ Q: vā-
hyam B, J, L: upalabhate P: bhavatā̞(m); B, J, L: bhavato; Tib:

khyed cag gi (khyod la was used as the equivalent for bhavataḥ). bha-
vatām at PsPL 57.4 must represent a silent correction made by LVP on
the basis of Tib or be the result of a scribal error that entered L’s
tradition (the two mss used by LVP in addition to L both descend
from J, which attests bhavato). P: Ø; D: svatī P: ⊗; D: nāṃpi
B, D, J, L: °tā B, J, L: bhāvyabhavantīti Tib: n.e. bhavanti
B, J, L: ucyata L: iścitam D: īdaṃ P: vākya
Em. following LVP: svaprasiddhayaivopapattyā. P: sva̞pra̞siddha-
yevopapattyā; Q: svapraddhayai°; B, J, L: svaprasiddheyaṃcopapa-

ttyā; D: °yaivāpayattyā D, J: ki D: bhūlv; Tib: n.e. khalu
D: apapattir; J, L: °tti B, J, L: ustam D: atti; L: | sti
L: om. L: om. P: ceti; B, J, L: ceti J: āryam; conj. by
LVP: āry[āṇāṃ]; Tib: ’phags pa rnams kyi don dam pa ⁘ paramārtho

hy āryas Q: tūṣṇīṃbhāvas; B, D: tuṣṇībhāvas; J, L: bhūṣṇībhā-
vas; PsPL: tūṣṇīṃbhāvaḥ. B, D, J, L: yad; PsPL: yad; Tib: gang la.

yataḥ is the conjunction usually employed by Candrakīrti in such
constructions.

पपिर ् वा ात॥्

i यिद  ् आया उपपिं न वण यि के न खिदान

परमाथ लोकं बोधियि॥

/U न ख ्आया लोकसंवहारेणोपपिं वण यि। िकं त ु लोकत

एव या िसोपपिः , तां परावबोधाथम ् अपेु  तय ैव 5

%U लोकं बोधयि । यथ ैव िह िवमानाम ् अिप शरीरा-

ु
शिचतां ु
िवपयासानगता रािगणो नोपलभे शभु ाकारं

चाभूतम ् अारो पिरिये । तेषां वैरायाथ तथागत-

िनिमतो देवो वा शभसयाु ाक ् ािदतान ् काय-

दोषान ् उपवणयते ् – स ् अिन ्काये के शा इािदना । 10

ु
ते च ताः शभसाया िवगमाद ् वैरायम ् आसादयेयःु । PsPL 58
J: aṇu° P: ā̞+yā̞; D: āya; J: ārṣā D: upettiṃ P: n.; D: ne

Q: ke L: °nī J, L: °tha J: āyā D: lokasaṃvyavahāro-
ṇopapattiṃ D: prasiddhāpa° Tib: de dag ⁘ tām, possibly
because tām was understood to represent a collection of reasonings

B: pravabo°; J, L: pavabodhārtham D, L: atyuyetya B, J,
L: mamaiva B: laukaṃ D: byādhayanti D: yathiva;

Tib: n.e. eva, n.e. hi B: °māṇām L: śarirā° D: vipaya-
sminu(?)ṣetā J: rāgino P: nopalabhyante; D: nāmapalabha-
nte B, J, L: adhyāroṣya L: pariklisyate B: vairāgyā-
nāṃ; D: vairoṇyārthaṃ; J: vairāgyārn(?)ā; L: vairāgyārāṃ B, J,
L: °ta; D: °nirmītā B, D, J, L: devā B, J, L: ’śubha° D:

prāka L: chāditān B, D, J, L: kāmadoṣa°; Tib: lus kyi skyon
D: santv B, L: kāya B, J, L: dinā; conj. by LVP: [ityā]di-
na; Tib: zhes bya ba la sogs pas B, J, L: tasyā B, J, L: °yāṃ

B, J, L: viṣamā; conj. by LVP: vimuktā; Tib: bral pas D: verā-
gyam L: °yeṣuḥ

एवम ् इहा ् आयः ु
सवथानपलमानाकं भावानाम ्

अिवाितिमरोपहतमितनयनतया िवपरीतं भावमारो -Y

िचच ् च किद ् िवशेषमिततरां पिरियि पृथजनाः । तान ्

इदानीम ् आयास ् तिसयैवोपपा पिरबोधयि – यथा

5 िवमान घट न मृदािद उाद इ ् अपु ेतम ् ,

एवम ् उादात ् पूव िवमान घट िवमानान ्

ना ् उाद इ ् अवसीयताम ् । यथा च परभूत े ो

ालाारािदो ऽरोिर ् नाी ् अपेु तम ् , एवं

्
िववितेो ऽिप बीजािदो नाी अवसीयताम ्॥

10 iअथािप ात –् अनभव
ु एषो ऽाकम ् इित।
D: ihāryy; Tib: de bzhin du ’di na so so’i skye bo dag kyang ⁘ evam

ihāpi … pṛthagjanāḥ D: āyaiḥ; J: āyaiḥ; L: aryaiḥ D: bhāvā-
vām Q: °hatamati | nayanatayā D: kvaci P: ye; Q: yo; D:

pra; Tib: rang bzhin … dang | ’ga’ zhig tu khyad par ’ga’ zhig lhag
par sgro btags nas P: kecid; D: kaicid; L: kaṃci D: °janā
B, J, L: īdānīm D: āyāyais P: tatpraśiddhyaivopapattyā; Q:
°siddhayevo° (yai has been erased and replaced with ye); B: tatprasi-
ddhayevo°; J, L: tatprasiddhayecopa° Tib: n.e. yathā D:
ghaṭasva B, D, L: mṛdāditya Q: abhyupeyaṃ; B: upetam; D:

atyupetam; J: utyupetam; L: aḥtyupetam P: utpādānu; B, J, L:
utpādā Q: pūrvva Tib: yod pa la yang J: °tvā J:
sty D: atpāda P: avaśīyatāṃ; L: avasoyatāṃ Q: om.; L:

va D: pala°; L: °tetyo B, J, L: jvālāṃrāgādibhyo D:
duṃkurasyātpatti; L: ’ṅkurasyātpattir B: atyu°; D: atyupatam

J: vikṣitebhyo L: bāṃjādibhyo P: avaśīyatāṃ Tib:
’di ni kho bo cag gis nyams su myong ba yin ⁘ anubhava eṣo ’smā-
kam

ु ।् याद ् अनभव
एतदयम ु एष मृषानभवात
ु ् तैिमिरक-

3U ु
िचानभववद ् भवािप
् इित। ततश चान ु सासमात ते ् न

ु िमित ॥
वानं न य

i ु
ताद ् अना भावा इ ् एवं तावद ् िवपरीत-

/Y पाारोपितपेण थमकरणारः । इदान िचद ् यः 5

किद ् िवशेषो ऽारोिपतः , तिशेषापाकरणाथ शेष-

करणारो गृगगमनािदको ऽिप िनरवशेषो िवशेषो
Q: yasmā; Tib: ’di ltar nyams su myong ba ni brdzun pa’i don can
yin ⁘ yasmād anubhava eṣa mṛṣā L: eva eṣa D: °tvot P:
°dvicandrādyannabhavavad; B, L: °anubhavad; J: °dvicendrāghanu-

bhavad; conj by LVP: °anubha[va]vad; Tib: n.e. ādi Tib: n.e. ca
J: pratyasthānaṃ Tib: zhes de dag la grags pa nyid kyis khong
du chud par mdzad pa yin no, i.e., Tib translates iti and then the
words tān tatprasiddhayaiva paribodhayanti, which occur in the
earlier Sanskrit sentence that sets forth, using the example of a pot,
the proof of non-arising from self. upapattyā of the Sanskrit sentence
has not been translated. Tib: de’i phyir dngos po rnams skye ba
med pa yin no || de ltar re zhig de’i rang bzhin phyin ci log lhag par
sgro btags pa’i gnyen por rab tu byed pa dang po brtsams pa yin no ⁘
tasmād anutpannā bhāvā ity evaṃ tāvad viparītasvarūpādhyāropa-
pratipakṣeṇa prathamaprakaraṇārambhaḥ D: avaṃ B, J: °ā-
dhyāroyapra°; D: °ādhyārāpapra°; L: viparītatasvarūpādhyārāyapra-

tipakṣeṇa D: °prakaraṇācaṃbha; J: prathamakaraṇarambhaḥ; L:
prathamaprakaraṇarambhaḥ L: idr(?)ānī; Tib: de nas ⁘ idānīm
J, N: kacid L: dhyāropi | tas B: °viśeṣāprākaraṇārthaṃ
B, J: śeṣaprakaraṇārthaṃ śeṣaprakaraṇārambhaḥ; L: śeṣaprakara-
ṇārthaṃ śeṣaprakāraṇārambhaḥ D: ganty(?)gantavya° Q:
om.; D: viśeṣā

ु ्
ित ितपादनाथ म ॥
नाि तीसमादे

i अथ ात ् – एष एव माणमेयवहारो लौिकको %Y

ु त इित।
ऽािभः शाेणानविण

तदनवण ्
ु न तिह फलं वाम ॥ -U

PsPL 59 कुतािक कै ः स नािशतो िवपरीतलणािभधानेन, ता-
i

ािभः सलणम ् उिमित चेत।्

ु ।् यिद िह कुतािक कै र ् िवपरीतलणणयनकृ तं
एतदयम

लवैपरीं लोक ात,् तदथ यसाफं ात,् न 'U

च ैतदेविमित थ  एवायं य इित॥
Q: pratītyasamutpādasyaiva (Tib n.e. eva); L: °syati; Tib: n.e. iti

D: °tha B, J, L: °prameyaṃvyavahāra D: °bhi D: śśā-
streṇā°; J, L: °vaṇita L: tadanuvarṇ(?)asyā B, J, L: vākyaṃ

Tib: rtog ge pa dag gyis ⁘ kutārkikaiḥ. Tib adds an interpreted in-
strumental: rtog ge pa dag gyis ... de brlag par byas bas ... D: °tā;
L: °tau D: samyakalakṣaṇam Q: om.; Tib: n.e. hi D:
kumākike P: °naṃ kṛtaṃ; Q: °praṇayaṃ kṛtaṃ; D: °lakṣaṇa-

praṇaṃyanaṃ kṛtaṃ; J, L: °naṃ kṛtaṃ; PsPL: °naṃ kṛtaṃ. Tib: gal te
’jig rten la rtog ge ngan pas mtshan nyid phyin ci log brjod pas byas
pa’i mtshon bya phyin ci log yod par ’gyur na ni. Vaidya (1960b:
20.15) emends silently to °praṇayanāt kṛtaṃ. See Translation note.
P: na lakṣye vaiparītyaṃ; B: lakṣā(?)vai°; J: lakṣavai° L: loka
J: prayaḥsāphalyaṃ D: vyarthaṃ B, J, L: prayatnam

i अिप च यिद माणाधीनः मेयािधगमस ् तािन माणािन

के न पिरि इािदना िवहावतां िविहतो दोषः।

तदपिरहारात ् सलणोतकमिप नाि॥

i िकं
च यिद सामालणयानरोधे ु न माणयममु ,्

य तल ् लणयं िकं तल ् लम ् अथ नाि। 5

यि तदा तदपरं मेयम ्अीित कथं माणयम ् । अथ
नाि लं तदा लणमिप िनरायं नाीित कथं माणयम॥्
वित िह –

लणासवृौ च न लम ् उपपते ।

ु
लानपपौ च लणा ् असवः॥ 10
इित॥ PsPL 60
Q: not available as a witness because fol. 10 is missing (see Yone-

zawa 2005b: 160). Fol. 9b ends with prayatna iti |. Fol. 11a resumes
with dhānam aduṣṭam iti, i.e., it begins part-way through the com-
pound viśeṣaṇābhidhānam in the first sentence of PsPM §102 (PsPL
66.9). Q: Ø; D: yati Q: Ø; B, J: °na; L: prasāṇādhāna Q:
Ø; D: prameyāḥdhigamas; L: prame | yādhigamas Q: Ø; D: °nyā

Q: Ø; D: °parihārāta; L: °parihārot Q: Ø; D: svasāmānnalakṣa-
ṇa° Q: Ø; D: ta; N: tam Q: Ø; L: lakṣaṇaṃdvayaṃ Q: Ø;

J: ki Q: Ø; B, J, L: om.; D: ta; PsP : om. tal P: lakṣam; Q:
L
Ø; J, L: lakṣam P: param; Q: Ø Q: Ø; D: ahīti Q: Ø; D:
pranāṇadvayaṃ Q: Ø; B, J, L: lakṣaṇāsaṃvṛttau Q: Ø; D:
lakṣaṃ Q: Ø; D: upadyate Q: Ø; D: va Q: Ø; J, L: la-

kṣyaṇa°

i अथ ात ् – न लते ऽन ेन ेित लणम ् । िकं तिह ।

ु
कृ टो बलिमित कमिण टंु कृ ा लते तिदित
लणम॥्

एवम ् अिप तेन ैव त लमाणासवाद ् येन तल ् /U-Y

5 लते त करण कमणो ऽथारात ् स एव दोषः॥

i अथ ात ्– ान करणात ् त च लणा-

भावाद ् अयमदोष इित।
Tib: ci ste yang ⁘ atha Q: Ø; J, L: ’naneti P: kṛtyalyuṭor; Q:

Ø; B: kṛtyapluṭo; D: kṛtyaṭo Q: Ø; B, D, J, L: tena evam; Tib: n.e.
tena Q: Ø; D: āpi Q: Ø; D: tanaiva; PsP : tenaitasya (i.e.,

L
without eva and with the following tasya understood as etasya); Tib:
te nyid kyis Tib: n.e. tasya Q: Ø; J, L: lakṣamāṇa° Q: Ø;
D: yemana; PsPL: yenaital; Tib: gang gis de Q: Ø; D: lakṣate
P: ⊗; Q: Ø; D: ’rthāntecatvāt P: ⊗; Q: Ø; J, L: athā Q: Ø;
J: karaṇat Q: Ø; D: na P: svalakṣaṇa°; Q: Ø

%U उते – इह भावानाम ् अासाधारणम ् आीयं यत ् -

पम,् तत ् लणम,् तथा पृिथाः कािठम ,् वेदनाया

ु
अनभवः , िवान िवषयं ित िविः, तेन िह तान ्
Q: Ø; B, J, L: om., but include in following dittography (see next

note) Tib: re zhig ’dir (*iha tāvat), n.e. bhāvānām. tāvat may have
entered a Skt ms because the upper part of the line was damaged at
this point. bhā would have been mistaken for tā, and the ās of vā and
nā, which may have been written in superscript style, might not have
been visible; n was then read or interpreted as t and the word read as
tāvat. The damage may have led to ma being read as initial a, i.e., as
the initial a of anyāsādhāraṇam. Q: Ø; B: anyāsādhāraṇasya (fol-
lowed by a dittography, which was evidently in ms κ, subsequently in
ms λ, and as a result also passed on to mss J and L:) lakṣyamāṇatvāt
saṃbhavād yena tal lakṣyate || tasya karaṇasya karmaṇo ’rthāntaratvāt
sa eva doṣaḥ || atha syāt jñānasya karaṇatvāt tasya ca svalakṣaṇāntar-
bhāvād ayam adoṣa iti || ucyate || iha bhāvānām; J: as B, °lakṣyamāṇa-
tvāsaṃ° ... °svalakṣaṇāntabhāvād ...; L: anyāsādhāraṇasya lakṣamā-
ṇatvā sambhavād yana ta lakṣyate || tasya karaṇasya karmmaṇorthān-
taratvāt sa eva doṣaḥ atha syāt jñānasya karaṇatvāt tasya ca svalakṣa-
ṇāntabhāvād ayam adoṣa iti || ucyate | iha bhāvānām Q: Ø; D: mat
Q: Ø; J: kathinyaṃ; L: °ya Q: Ø; B, J: anubhāvā; D, L: anubha-
vā; PsPL: viṣayānubhavo; Tib: myong ba. P: attests a following yāvad;

pṛthivī has been assumed by P’s scribe or an earlier scribe or scholar
to represent the rūpa skandha and yāvat thus to be a necessary inclu-
sion accounting for the lack of reference to the sañjñā and saṃskāra
skandhas. Note, however, that the saṃskāra skandha is not assigned a
specific characteristic in the AK, and is described in AK I.15ab mere-
ly as the skandhas different from the other four skandhas. Neither
PsP Tib nor the paper mss attest yāvat, and its loss is difficult to ex-
plain paleographically. Q: Ø; B, J, L: viṣamaṃ; PsPL: viṣayaprati-
vijñaptiḥ for viṣayaṃ prati vijñaptiḥ; Tib: rnam par shes pa’i yul so
sor rnam par rig pa ⁘ viṣayaṃ prati vijñaptiḥ. MA VI.203a: viṣayaṃ
prati vijñaptiḥ. Cp. Li and Steinkellner 2008: 16, n. 7. Q: Ø; D:

लत इित कृ ा। िसनगतांु ु
च िम ् अवधूय कम-

साधनम ् अपु गता िवान च करणभावं ितपमा-

न ेनदे म ् उं भवित – लणैव कमता लणार
PsPL 61 करणभावश ् चेित। त यिद िवानलणं करणम,् त

5 ितिरे न कमणा भिवतिमित स एव दोषः॥

i अथात ् – यत ् पृिथािदगतं कािठािदकं िवान-

गम ् , तत ् त कमा ् एव तच ् च लणाित-
िरिमित।

एवं तिह िवानलण कमाभावात ् मेयं न ात,्

10 कमपैव लण मेयात।् ततश ्च ििवधं मेय ं -U
tam Q: Ø; B, J, L: tadvāna. Tib: des de mtshon par byed pas ⁘
tena hi tadvān lakṣyata iti kṛtvā; LVP (cf. PsPL 60, n. 6) interprets the
reading in his mss to be tena hi tad vā na lakṣyate and emends on the
basis of Tib to tena hi tal lakṣyate.
Q: Ø; B: lakṣeta; D: lakṣata; J, L: lakṣete Q: Ø; B, J, L: prasi-
ddhānugatāṃ; PsPL: prasiddhānugatāṃ; Tib: rab tu grags pa dang rjes

su ’brel pa’i P, Q: Ø; D: va P: ⊗; Q: Ø; D: vyatpattim P:
⊗; Q: Ø; D: kerma° Q: Ø; B: abhyupagacchati; D: atyuyagaccha-

tā; J, L: atyupagacchati; PsPL: abhyupagacchati. See Translation note.
Q: Ø; D: °mānenadam; PsP : pratipadyamānenety Q: Ø; D:
L
svalakṣamesyaiva; J, L: svalakṣaṇasauva Q: Ø; D: vyatiriktaṃna
Q: Ø; J: °gata Q: Ø; D: kāṭhanyādikaṃ; J: kāthi° Q: Ø;
B: vijñāgamyaṃ, but written correctly in the dittography which fol-

lows; J: vijñānagaṣyaṃ P, Q: Ø; J, L: tet P, Q: Ø; D: kartāsty
P, Q: Ø; D, J, L: ava; Tib: n.e. eva P, Q: Ø; D: tec Q: Ø; D:
pramaṃyatvaṃ Q: Ø; D: °syeva Q: Ø; B, J, L: svalakṣaṇa-

doṣa, now repeat from beginning of paragraph (B: atha syād yat ...
karmarūpasyaiva svalakṣaṇasya, J: atha syād yat ... karmarūpasyaiva

/Y3Y लणं सामालणं चे ् एतद ् िवशे वम ् – िकित ्

लणं मेय ं यल ् लत इेव ं पिदयते , िकिद ्

अमेय ं यल ् लते ऽन ेन ेित पिदयत इित। अथ तदिप

कमसाधनम ् , तदा ताेन करणेन भिवतम ् , ाना-

%Y र करणभावपिरकनायाम ् अिनादोषश ् चापते ॥ 5

अथ मसे – संिविर ् अि। ततः संिवा
i

हणात कम ्
् तायां साम एव मेयाभाव इित।
svalakṣalakṣaṇasya; L: atha syād yat ... evaṃ tarhi vijñānasvalakṣasya

... karmarūpasyaiva svalakṣaṇa(?)sya) Tib: n.e. ca
Q: Ø; L: svalakṣamāṇaṃ Q: Ø; B: bhavaty; D: rasy; J: laty; L:
raty Tib: khyad par ’di tsam zhig brjod par bya dgos (*etāvad
viśeṣaṇaṃ vaktavyam?) ⁘ etad viśeṣya vaktavyam Q: Ø; D: tyala-
kṣaṇaṃ Q: Ø; D: pramayaṃ; L: prameyaṃ prameya P: ya(l);
Q: Ø; D: ya Q: Ø; D: ityavaṃ Q: Ø; D: vyavapadiśyataṃ
Q: Ø; J, L: kiṃci Q: Ø; B, J, L: prameyaṃ P: [2](ti); Q: Ø;
D: ’nenaiti P, Q: Ø; D: karmesādhanaṃ P, Q: Ø; L: syānye-

na P, Q: Ø; B, J, L: °vya P, Q: Ø; D: jñānanterasya Q:
Ø; D: °parikalpyanāyām P: ⊗, medial i is visible; Q: Ø; B, J, L:

anityādoṣaś; em. by LVP: anavasthādoṣaś. LVP (PsPL 61, n. 4) reports
that his mss read tadānityādoṣa. De Jong (1978: 34) tentatively
suggests aniṣṭā doṣāś cāpadyante on the basis of D, referring to PsPL
210.6 (correct to 210.16) where Tib attests thug pa med par thal ba’i
phyir for PsPL’s aniṣṭadoṣaprasaṅgāt; mss P and D, however, both
attest aniṣṭhādoṣaprasaṅgāt at their equivalents for PsPL 210.16. Cf.
aniṣṭhā earlier at PsPM §24. P, Q: Ø; B: copapadyate; D: cāpa-
dyante P: ⊗; Q: Ø; J, L: svasavittir Q: Ø; D: tate Q: Ø;

D: °yā Q: Ø; D: ava Q: Ø; D: prameyāntabhāva

PsPL 62 उते – िवरेण ममकावतारे संिवििनषेधात ् लणं

लणारेण लते तदिप संिवेित न य तेु । अिप

च तदिप नाम ानं लणितरेकेणािसम ् असवाल ्

लाभावे िनरायलणवृसवात ् सवथा नाीित

5 कुतः संिविः॥
तथा चोमायरचूडपिरपृायाम –्

्
स िचम असमन ु श ् िचधारां पयषते – कुतः ित ्
पयं
Q: Ø; J: svasaṃvṛtti° P: ⊗; Q: Ø; J: svalakṣyaṇā°; L: °ntaraṇa

P, Q: Ø; D: lakṣaṇaṃ P, Q: Ø; D: yujyete P, Q: Ø; J: tad api ||
api Q: Ø; B: °vyatirekenā°; D: °siddhyam; J: °vyatirekenāsi-
ddhem; L: °vyatirakenāsiddhem; PsPL: °vyatirekeṇāsiddher; *LṬ:

°vyatirekeṇāsiddhaṃ; Tib: rang gi mtshan nyid las tha dad par ma
grub (la) P: asambhavā(l); Q: Ø; D: °asaṃbhava Q: Ø; D:
°bhavova P, Q: Ø; J: sarvvatathā; L: sarvata P, Q: Ø; L: thā-

stīti P, Q: Ø; B, J, L: tataḥ Em. following LVP: asamanupa-
śyaṃś. P: samanupaśyan; Q: Ø; B, D, J, L: samanu°; PsP Tib: yang
dag par rjes su ma mthong bas. RCP Tib (P): yang dag par rjes su ma
mthong bas. The sentence also appears at BCAP 392.4, where, unless
LVP has silently emended the passage, asamanupaśyaṃś represents
the ms reading, and at ŚiS 235.3, where the participle with alpha pri-
vative is likewise attested. Q: Ø; J: cittadhānāṃ Q: Ø; D, L:
paryaṣate Em.: kutaḥ svit. P: kutaścit; Q: Ø; B, D, J, L: kutaścit.
PsPL: kutaścit. PsP Tib’s sems gang (RCP Tib: ga) las byung zhes sup-
ports the emendation. The corruption to kutaścit may have required
two steps: kutaḥsvit to kutasvit, the latter then “corrected” to kutaścit;
or possibly only one step: svi of svid was read/interpreted as ści,
which caused the scribe to view the vigraha as a mistake and thus to
drop it.

-Y तोिर ् इित। त ैवं भवित – आलन े सित िचम ्

उते । तत ् िकम ् अद ् आलनम ् अच ् िचमथ

'Y यदेवालनं तदेव िचम।् यिद तावद ् अद ् आलनम ्

अच ् िचम,् तदा ििचता भिवित। अथ यदेवा-

लनं तदेव िचम,् तत ् कथं िचं िचं समनपयित।
ु न 5

ु
च िचं िचं समनपयित। तथािप नाम तयैवािसधार-
Em. following LVP: tasyotpattir. P: tasyautpattir; Q: Ø; B, J, L: ta-

syopapattir; D: tasyāpayattir Q: Ø; L: tasyaiva. BCAP citation:
om. tasyaivaṃ bhavati; ŚiS citation attests tasyaivaṃ bhavati Q:
Ø; D: ālasbana PsP Tib: dmigs pa yod pa las ⁘ ālambane sati

P: sa̞(m)utpa̞[2]; Q: Ø P, Q: Ø; L: tā; Tib: de yang ’di snyam du
sems te ⁘ tat P, Q: Ø; L: kiṃm P: [2]ba̞na̞m; Q: Ø; B, J, L:
ārambanam P, Q: Ø; D: anya. ŚiS citation: om. anyac (and the
following word) cittam. BCAP presents the sentence as: tat kim anyac
cittam anyad ālambanam. PsP and RCP Tib: ci dmigs pa de yang
gzhan la (RCP: |) sems de yang gzhan nam | Q: Ø; L: enyad
P: (c)ālambanam; Q: Ø Q: Ø; B, J, L: anya; D: anyā The
citations of the passage in ŚiS and BCAP attest tad. PsP Tib: gal te re
zhig (RCP Tib om. re zhig) dmigs pa yang gzhan la sems kyang
gzhan (RCP Tib adds a following yin) na ni sems de gnyis su ’gyur ro
Q: Ø; D: °to Em. with de Jong (1978: 34): cittaṃ. P: c+tt+na̞;
Q: Ø; D: cittaṃna; B, J, L: cittena. PsP and RCP Tib: sems kyis sems

de ji lar mthong bar ’gyur. LVP (PsPL 62, n. 6) retains the reading
cittena cittaṃ found in his mss, noting, however, that ŚiS 235.6 and
BCAP 393.1 attest cittaṃ cittaṃ. Q: Ø; J: om. ŚiS and BCAP: hi
Q: Ø; B: cittena Q: Ø; L: citta

PsPL 63 या स ैवािसधारा न शते छेमु ,् न तेन ैवा
ु ेण तद ्

एवा ु ं शते ुम ।् एवमेव न तेन ैव िचेन तदेव

िचं शं म ु ् । तैवं योिनशः य
ु  या िचा-

ु दाशातता न कू टता नाहेतकी
नवानताने ु न य- /U

5 िवा न ततो नातो न स ैव नाा तां िचधारां िचलतां

िचधमतां िचानविततां िचाचारतां िचायतां

िचालणतां तथा जानाित तथा पयित यथा तथतां %U
Q: Ø; D: sevāsidhārā; J: vāsidhārā Q: Ø; D: naḥ Q: Ø; B:
chetuṃ; D: chatuṃ. ŚiS and BCAP present: tadyathā na tayaivāsidhā-

rayā saivāsidhārā śakyate chettum Q: Ø; D: tanaiva°; L: tenaivā-
gulya≈raṇa Q: Ø; D: ted Q: Ø; D: avā°; J: evāṃgulyaṃgraṃ

Q: Ø; J: mraṣṭaṃ. ŚiS and BCAP: spraṣṭuṃ śakyate ⁘ śakyate spra-
ṣṭum Q: Ø; D: tanaiva Q: Ø; L: eva cittena tad eva Q: Ø;

D: draṣṭuṃḥ; L: draṣṭu. The sentence appears in ŚiS as: naiva cittena
tad eva cittaṃ śakyate draṣṭum, and in BCAP as: evaṃ eva tenaiva
cittena tad eva cittaṃ draṣṭum. PsP and RCP Tib: sems de nyid kyis
(RCP adds kyang) sems de nyid mthong bar mi nus so. The BCAP
citation ends here; the ŚiS citation omits the rest of our text and con-
tinues with a later section. Q: Ø; D: tasyavaṃ P: yonisaḥ;
Q: Ø P: °sthātānocchedaśāśvatatā; Q: Ø; B, D: °sthānatānoche-
daśāśvatatā; J: °sthānatāmochedaśāśvatatā; L: °sthānatāmochadaśā-
śvatatā. PsP Tib and RCP Tib: gang sems mi gnas pa | chad pa ma yin
pa | rtag pa ma yin pa | (RCP: om. |) Q: Ø; B, J, L: syaiva; D:
seva Q: Ø; D: °sthitetāṃ P: cittapradhāratāṃ; Q: Ø; D:

cittāṃpracāratāṃ; PsP Tib and RCP Tib: sems rgyu ba med pa
Q: Ø; L: cittadṛśyaṃtāṃ Em.: cittāsvalakṣaṇatāṃ. P: cittasva-
lakṣaṇatām. Q: Ø; B, D, J: cittasvalakṣaṇatām; L: om.; PsPL: cittasva-

lakṣaṇatām; Tib: sems kyi rang gi mtshan nyid Q: Ø; B: tathā

न च िवरोधयित । तां च िचिववेकतां तथा जानाित तथा

पयित। इयं कुलपु िचे ु
िचानपयना ु
ृप-
ानिमित॥

् के न लते ॥
तदेवं नाि संिविः । तदभावात िकं

i िकं च भेदने वा तल ् लणं लात ् ादभेदने वा। 5

त यिद तावद ् भेदने , तदा लाद ् िभाद ् अलणवल ्
P: ca; Q: Ø P: na; Q: Ø; L: vi Q: Ø; B, J, L: nirodhayati; PsP

Tib: ’khrug par mi byed pa; RCP Tib: ’khrugs par mi byed pa. De
Jong (1978: 34) suggests that Tib may be translating viloḍayati; he
refers to BHSD entry virolayati (“stirs, agitates”); LC (referring to
Mvy 5339) gives dkrugs pa and bsrubs pa as translation equivalents
for virolitaḥ. Q: Ø; PsP Tib and RCP Tib: de bzhin nyid ji lta ba
de bzhin du sems de dag dben pa nyid du rab tu shes | de bzhin du

mthong ba ⁘ tāṃ ca cittavivekatāṃ tathā prajānāti tathā paśyati. The
*yathā tathatām on which RCP Tib’s de bzhin nyid ji lta ba is based
(PsP Tib has been copied from RCP Tib) may have been a later add-
ition (i.e., the phrase had not entered our ms tradition but had already
been brought into the ms used for the RCP translation). The meaning
of yathā tathatām could be seen as carrying over from PsP Skt’s pre-
vious sentence. Q: Ø; conj. by LVP: kulaputra [bodhisattvasya];
PsP Tib and RCP Tib: rigs kyi bu byang chub sems pa’i. I suspect that
bodhisattvasya represents a later addition, i.e., one that had not enter-
ed our manuscript tradition but was already in the ms used for RCP
Tib. PsP Tib: sems la sems kyi rjes su lta ba’i dran pa nye bar
gzhag pa’i spyod pa yongs su dag pa’o zhes gsungs so ⁘ citte cittānu-
paśyanā smṛtyupasthānam iti. LVP (PsPL 63, n. 7) reconstructs °smṛ-
tyupasthānacaryā pariśuddhā. Q: Ø; J: °paśyatānā Q: Ø; D:
svayaṃvittis Q: Ø; B, D, J, L: lakṣate Q: Ø; D: na Q: Ø;
D: ta P: lakṣyaṇaṃ; Q: Ø; D: lakakṣaṇaṃ Q: Ø; D: lakyata
Q: Ø; L: tāva Q: Ø; L: hedena Q: Ø; L: lakṣyā Q: Ø;

लणमिप न तणम ।् लणाच ् च िभादलवल ् -U

PsPL 64 लमिप न लम।् तथा लाद ् िभाल ् लण लण-

िनरपे ं लं ात,् ततश च
् न तल ् लं लणिनरपेात ्

ु
खपवत ।् अथािभे ललणे , तदा लणादितिर-

5 ाल ् लणावद ् िवहीयते ल लता। लाच ्

चाितिराल ् लावल ् लणमिप न लण-

भावम ् ॥

यथा चोम ् –

लाल ् लणम ् अच ् चेत ् ात ् तल ् लम ्

10 अलणम ् ।

तयोरभावो ऽने िवं किथतं या॥
L: hinnatvād
Q: Ø; D: talakṣaṇa Q: Ø; D: om. Q: Ø; D: va Q: Ø; D:
°va Q: Ø; L: lakṣyā Q: Ø; D: bhanatvā; L: hinnatvāl Q: Ø;

J: lakṣyaṇasya P: °nirapekṣyaṃ; Q: Ø; J: lakṣyaṃnanirapekṣaṃ;
L: lakṣyaṇanirapekṣyaṃ Q: Ø; D: lakṣaṃ Q: Ø; D: na taś ca
na Q: Ø; D: lakṣaṃ; L: om. Q: Ø; D: °bhinna Q: Ø; J:
lakṣaṇe Q: Ø; D: °tvā Q: Ø; D: °yā Q: Ø; D, L: °tvā
Q: Ø; D: °va P: kṣaṇasvabhāvaṃ; Q: Ø P: yathoktaṃ; Q:
Ø P: lakṣyā; Q: Ø; D: lakṣā Q: Ø; D: anya Q: Ø; D:
ceda Q: Ø; B: syāl Q: Ø; B: om.; D: ta Q: Ø; B, J, L:

lakṣaṇam Q: Ø; B: alakṣaṇam tat Q: Ø; B, J, L: ’nyatve;
conj. by LVP: ’[na]nyatve


3U इित। न च िवना ताेन ललणिसाव ् अा गितर ्
अि॥

तथा च वित –

एकीभावेन वा िसिर ् नानाभावेन वा ययोः।

न िवते तयोः िसिः कथं न ु ख िवते॥ 5

इित ॥

iअथावातया िसिर ् भिवतीित चेत।्

न ैतदेवम।् अवाता िह नाम पररिवभागपिरानाभावे सित

भवित। य च िवभागपिरानं नाि, तेदं लणम ् इदं

/Y लम ् इित िवशेषतः पिरेदासवे सित योर ् अ ् 10

अभाव एवेित। तादवातयािप नाि िसिः॥
P: tattvonyatvena; Q: Ø; J: tattvānvetvena; L: tattvānvatvena P:
lakṣyakṣaṇasiddhāv; Q: Ø Q: Ø; D: gativ Q: Ø; D: ce Q:
Ø; J: ekībhāve Q: Ø; D: siddhin Q: Ø; D: ninābhāvena P:
na; Q: Ø; B, J, L: na; conj. by LVP: [nu]. P for PsP’s citation of MMK

II.21 (PsPL 105.7- 8): na; P also attests na in PsP’s subsequent citation
of II.21cd (PsPL 105.10); D for PsP’s citation of MMK II.21: nu; D
also attests nu in PsP’s subsequent citation of II.21cd; B for PsP’s
citation of MMK II.21: nu; B attests na in PsP’s subsequent citation
of II.21cd. Tib: de gnyis grub pa ji ltar yod Q: Ø; L: itiḥ Q:
Ø; B, D, J, L: athāvācyateyā; PsPL: atha vocyate [avācyata]yā; Tib: ci

ste brjod du med pa nyid du Q: Ø; J: siddhi Q: Ø; D: °va
Q: Ø; D: tatradaṃ Q: Ø; L: om. idaṃ Q: Ø; L: om.
Q: Ø; D: dgayor Q: Ø; D: ebhāva

i अिप च यिद ानं करणं िवषय पिरेद े कः कता । न

PsPL 65 च कतारमरेणाि करणादीनां सवः , िछिदियायाम ् %Y

इव। अथ िच त कतृ ं पिरकते , तदिप न य ु ं -Y

याद ् अथमादशन े िच ापारो ऽथ िवशेष े च ैतसानाम,्

5 ताथिर ् िवानं तिशेष े त ु च ैतसाः ॥

इ ् अपगमात
ु ् । एकां िह धानियायां साायां

ु
यथां गणियािनवृ ि ारेणाीभावोपगमात ् करणादीनां कर-
P: vijñānaṃ; Q: Ø Q: Ø; D: kattāṃ; J: kattā P: om. (a ca is,

however, written in the margin as a correction to be added to P’s
text); Q: Ø Q: Ø; B, J, L: saṃbheda; D: saṃbheva Q: Ø; D:
°kriyām; Tib: gcod pa’i bya ba bzhin Q: Ø; D: athāpa P: katṛ-

tvaṃ; Q: Ø Q: Ø; B, J, L: parikalpate Tib: ’di ltar ⁘ yasmāt
Q: Ø; B, J, L: arthamātradarthane; D: arthane; PsP : arthamātradar-
L
śanaṃ; Tib: don tsam lta ba ni sems kyi bya ba yin la. The translators
may have thought that darśana is, strictly speaking, the vyāpāra.
Q: Ø; D: °viśeṣā; J, L: °viśeṣo; conj. by LVP: ’rthaviśeṣa[darśa-
naṃ]; Tib: don gyi khyad par lta ba ni sems las byung ba rnams kyi
bya ba yin te; Tib supplies what has been elided in Skt Em. fol-
lowing LVP and MAV: tatrārthadṛṣṭir. P: tatrārthadṛṣṭi; Q: Ø; B, D, J,

L: tatrārthadṛṣṭi Q: Ø; J: tadvi≈eṣe Q: Ø; D: caitasyā
Q: Ø; D: atyupagamāt; L: utyupagamāt Q: Ø; J: pradhāṇa°
Q: Ø; D: om. P: guṇapradhānabhāvenāṅgībhāvopagamāt syāt;
Q: Ø; B, J, L: °bhāvopagamanāt; D: °nirvṛtidvāreṇāṃgābhāvopaga-
manāt. The text of P has obviously been tampered with, the first com-
pound having been changed to a dvandva in instrumental abstract: “as
subsidiary [action] and principal [activity].” PsP Tib: ji lta bu’i bya ba
phal pa sgrub pa’i sgo nas ... yan lag gi ngo bor gyur pa las. De Jong
(1978: 34) views D’s °āṃgābhāvopagamanāt as supported by Tib’s
yan lag gi ngo bor gyur pa las and emends to °āṅgabhāvopagamanāt;

णािदम ।् न चेहानिवानयोर ् एका धानिया। िकं तिह ।

अथ मापिरििर ् िवान धानिया , ान थ िवशे-

षपिरेद इित नाि ान करणम,् नािप िच कतृ म,्

् स एव दोषः॥
ततश च

i अथ ात ् – अनाानः सवधमा इागमात ् कतःु 5

सवथाभावात ् कतारमरेणािप िवत एव ियािदवहार

इित ।

एतदिप नाि , आगम सगथानवधारणात ् । एतच ्

'U चों ममकावतारे॥ PsPL 66
I assume that P and the other mss preserve the correct reading (D’s ā
more likely represents the vertical stroke for ī than an intrusion), and
that Tib reflects the translators’ mistake or interpretation (or Q’s
reading). The doubly expressed “becoming” in °āṅgībhāvopagamāt
may be for the sake of emphasis.
D: karaṇādatvaṃ Q: Ø; D: °yar Q: Ø; J: tahy Q: Ø; B:
atha...chitti; J, L: °chitti P: jñānasya; Q: Ø; B: vijñānatva. The
text of P has been tampered with and vijñānasya switched with the
following jñānasya, a change possibly influenced by the order of the
components of the preceding dvandva jñānavijñānayoḥ. Q: Ø; D:
pradhāna P: vijñānasya; Q: Ø; D: sya. See two notes earlier. Tib

expands with shes pa’i gtso bor gyur pa’i bya ba. P: vijñānasya;
Q: Ø. The previous switch in P of vijñānasya and jñānasya demands

that vijñāna be understood here as synonymous with the instrument
caitta/caitasa. Q: Ø; D: nu(?)pi Tib n.e. ca Q: Ø; D:
athā Q: Ø; B, D: sarvathā | abhāvāt; J: sarvathā (end of line) a-

bhāvāt; L: sarvathā || abhāvāt B: iti Q: Ø; B: eva Q: Ø;
D: samāgarthā° Q: Ø; D: eted; PsPL: etad Q: Ø; B: api cok-
taṃ; D: yoktaṃ; J, L: acoktaṃ; PsPL: evoktaṃ; Tib: ’di yang ... bstan

i अथािप ात ् – यथा िशलापक
ु शरीरं राहोः िशर

इित शरीरिशरोितिरिवशेषणासवे ऽिप िवशेषणिवशे-

भावो ऽि, एवं पृिथाः लणिमित लणितिर-

पृिथसवे ऽिप भिवतीित।

5 ु ात।् शरीरिशरःशयोर ् िह बािदपायािदवत
न ैतदेवमत ु ्
सहभािवपदाथारसापेतावृौ शरीरिशरःशमाालन-

ु पजनन
ब ु े जनः सहचािरपदाथारसाका एव वतत े – -U/U
क शरीरं क िशर इित। इतरो ऽिप िवशेषणारस-
zin
Q: Ø; B: śirā°; L: śibhāputra° Q: Ø; D: rāhāḥ Q: Ø; B, D, J:
°viśeṣeṇā° Q: Ø; D: ṣi Q: Ø; D: viśeṣaṇeviśeṣahāvo Q: Ø;
D: avaṃ Tib with la sogs pa after sa, appearing to have read °pṛ-
thivyādyasambhave Em. following LVP: buddhyādipāṇyādivat. P:
[2]dipāṇyādimat; Q: Ø; B, D, J, L: °ādimat. Tib: blo dang lag pa la

sogs pa ltar Em.: °mātrālambanabuddhyupajanane. P: °mātrā-
lambano buddhyupajananaḥ; Q: Ø; B, J: °mātrālambano buddhyupa-

jananaḥ; D: °mātrālambano ’buddhyāpajanamaḥ; L: °mātrālambano
buddhyāpajananaḥ; PsPL: °mātrālambano buddhyupajananaḥ; Tib:
lus dang mgo’i sgra tsam la dmigs pa’i blo skyes pa lta zhig. The
emendation °ālambanabuddhy° is suggested by Tib’s dmigs pa’i blo;
P, B and J’s reading are rejected because it is unusual to have ālam-
bana, normally the attribute of a mental act, taken in reference to a
person. Tib’s lta zhig is, however, difficult to understand; LVP pro-
poses an equivalence to ’ga zhig and la la zhig. My emendation of the
mss’ text assumes an eyeskip from na of upajanane to na of janaḥ
which caused the dropping of °ne ja°. Em.: janaḥ. P: om. janaḥ;
Q: Ø; B, D, J, L: om. janaḥ; PsPL: om. janaḥ P: °kāṅkṣā; Q: Ø; D:
sahavyāri°

%U ु
िनरािचकीषया िशलापकरािवशेषणिनना लौिककसे तान-ु

्
िवधाियना ितपःु कााम उपहीित ु ।् इह त ु कािठा-
यम

ु ो िवशेषणिवशेभावः॥
िदितिरपृिथासवे सित न य

् ितिरलापु गमात ् तदनरोधे
i तीिथकै र ु न िवशेष-

4U णािभधानम ् अिमित चेत ् । PsPL 67

न ैतदेवम ् । न िह तीिथकपिरकिता यिु िवधराः
ु पदाथाः -

समये ऽपग ु ं ु ााः, माणारादेर ् अ ् अपगम-
ु

सात ् ।

iअिप ु
च पलािदिवत ् शरीरोपादान िशलाप-
ु

3Y कोपादातरु ् लौिककवहाराभूत िवशेषणािवचार- 10
Q: Ø; B: viśeṣaṇānaṃtarasabandha°; J, L: viśeṣaṇāntarasabandha°;
D: °nirāvakīrṣayā. PsPL: viśeṣaṇānantarasaṃbandha°. Stcherbatsky
(1927: 150, n. 4) corrects to viśeṣaṇāntarasambandha; he also
emends khyad par gzhag as found in Tib P, N and G (see PsPL 66, n.
4) to the correct reading khyad par gzhan (attested in D and C).
P: ⊗; Q: Ø; B, J, L: śirā°; D: śiloputrakalāhu° P, Q: Ø; D: prati-
patuḥ; J: pratikartuḥ; L: pratiparttuḥ; PsPL: pratikartuḥ; Tib: rtogs pa

po’i P, Q: Ø; LVP: apahantīti; Tib: sel bar byed do zhes Q: Ø;
L: °vyatiriktaṃpṛthi° Q: Ø; J: tīrthikai Q: Ø; D: vyatiriktāla-
kṣyātyupamāt; B, J: vyatiriktālakṣyā°; L: vyatiriktālakṣyātyupagamāt
Q: Ø; D: tadanurādhena Q again available as a witness P:
na ce+; D: nen; J: yat; L: pren P: Ø; J: aivaḥ Tib: rigs pa
dang ’gal ba dag (yuktiviruddhāḥ?) ⁘ yuktividhurāḥ P: Ø; B:
tyupagantuṃ; D: ’tyupagantuṃ; L: tyupagantaṃ Q: om.; Tib:

n.e. api P: Ø; B, L: atyupa°; D: atyupagamaprasaṅgāḥ P: Ø;
B, D, J, L: puṃgalādi° Tib: n.e. sva. PsP : saśarīro°. LVP (cf.
L
PsPL 67, n. 3) finds sa° and sva° in his manuscripts. P: (śi)[1]-

िस सावात ् िशरोपादान च राहोर ् उपादातःु सा-

ु
वाद ् अयम ् नम॥्
् एतन िनदश

शरीरिशरोितिराथारािसेस ् ताोप-
i

लात ् िसमेव िनदशनिमित चेत ।्

5 न ैतद ् एवम ् , लौिकके वहार इं िवचारावृरे ् अिव-

चारतश ् च लौिककपदाथानामिात।् यथ ैव िह पािद-

ितरेकेण िवचायमाण आा न सवित, अिप च लोकसंवृ ा -Y

ु
ानपादायाािम ,् एवं रािशलापकयोर
ु ् अपीित

नाि िनदशनिसिः । एवं पृिथादीनां यिप कािठािद-

10 ितिरं िवचायमाणं लं नाि लितरेकेण च लणं
+(u)+ra̞ka̞(syo)pā̞dā̞tu+; B, J, L: śilāputrakasyapādātu; D: śilāputraka-

syāpādātu; PsPL: śilāputrakasy[o]pādātur J: lauki || kavyavarāṃ-
ga°; L: lauki | kavya°

Q: °āvicāraṃprasiddhasya; B, J, L: °syā L: sahāvāt D: dra-
pādānasya; J: upānasya D: pa; L: va L: nāhor P: a̞(yu)[2];

B, J, L: ayoktam; D: amektam P: ⊗; B, J, L: °vyatiritasvārthā°
P: Ø; B, J: °syoparaṃbhāt; L: °syāparaṃbhāt P: Ø; D: ce
P: Ø; D: naivad P: Ø; Q: eva; D: eyaṃ Q: laukika; note
the later laukike vyavahāre (PsPM §105 reply) as well as laukiko vyav-
ahāraḥ (same reply). J: vicārāpṛvṛtter B: avivārataś
Tib: n.e. eva Tib: n.e. hi P: Ø; B, L: °kena; D: °keśa; J:
°kana D: ṇa B, L: °śirā° D: darśanasiddhiḥ P: Ø;

Q: kaṭhinya°; D: °vyaitiriktaṃ P: Ø; D: °ṇa B, J, L: °kena
J: lakṣyaṇaṃ

/Y िनरायम,् तथािप संविृ तर ् एषेित पररापेामाया िसा

िसिं वापयां बभूवरु ् आचायाः। अवयं च ैतद ् एवम ्

%Y अपेु यम ।् अथा िह संविृ तर ् उपपा न िवय े ु त । PsPL 68

तदेय ं तम ् एव ात ् , न संविृ तः। न चोपपा िवचाय-

ु
माणानां िशलापकादीनाम ् एवासवः । िकं तिह। व- 5

माणया या ु पवेदनादीनाम ् अिप नाि सव इित

तेषाम ् अिप संव ु
ृ ा िशलापकािदवन ् नािम ् आेय ं
B, J, L: eveti; Tib: ’di ni kun rdzob tu yod ⁘ saṃvṛtir eṣā B:
pararasparāpekṣayātrayo; J, L: parasparāpekṣayātrayo; D: parasparā-

mekṣyamātrayo; PsPL: parasparāpekṣayā tayoḥ; Tib: phan tshun ltos
pa tsam gyis. LVP (PsPL 67, n. 7) considers Tib’s ltos pa tsam gyis to
represent apekṣāmātreṇa. De Jong (1978: 35) emends to parasparā-
pekṣāmātratayā, claiming that D reads parasparāmekṣyamātratayā;
he has, however, misread D’s °mātrayo as °mātratayā. Tib: phan
tshun ltos pa tsam gyis grub pa’i sgo nas ⁘ parasparāpekṣāmātrayā

siddhyā P: ⊗; B: °yā; J, L: vyavasthāyayāṃ D: babhūpur; J:
babhūvūr; L: babhūvun Q: avaśya Tib: n.e. ca D, L: atyu°

L: saṃvṛti L: om. upapattyā na viyujyeta | tadeyaṃ tattvam eva
syāt, na saṃvṛtiḥ | P: viyujyet; Q: viyujyate; B, D, J: viyujyet.
Tib: de lta ma yin na kun rdzob ’thad pa dang ldan pa ma yin nam ⁘
anyathā hi saṃvṛtir upapattyā na viyujyeta P: tadā; B, D, J: tade-
vaṃ; PsPL: tad eva; Tib: des na ’di B, J: evaṃ J: syātan
D: cāpapatyā; L: cāpapattyā; Tib: n.e. ca P: ⊗; L: vicāryamā-
śānāṃ P: [1].(ā)putra̞kā̞dīnām; B, J: śirā°; L: śirāputrakādīnā-
≈yām P: ⊗; D: avā° P: (kin); D: kīṃ P: ⊗; D: vakṣya-

māśayā P: Ø; L: yukatyā L: °vedanīdīnām J: taṣām
P: śilāputrasyevā (ā sandhi with following astitvam); B, D, J, L:
śilāpūtraka iva; LVP finds śilāputraka iva in his mss and conjectures,
on the basis of Tib’s mchi gu la sogs pa, śilāputrak[ādivan]. P:
astitvam; B, D, J, L: astitvam; LVP, reading astitvam in his mss, con-


ात।् न च ैतदेवम ् इ असद
् ्
् एतत ॥

i अथ ात ् – िकमनया सूिे कया । न ैव िह वयं सवम ्

अम ं ु माणमेयवहारं सिम ् आचहे । िकं त ु लोक-

िसिर ् एषामनु ा ायेन वात इित।

5 ु ः िकम ् अनया सूिे कया लौिकके
उते – वयमेवं म

वहारे ऽवतािरकया । ितत ु तावदेषा िवपयासमाासािदता-

PsPL 69 भावसाका संविृ तर ् मम
ु ु ण
ू ां मोावाहककुशलमूलोप-
jectures nāstitvam on the basis of Tib P: de dag kyang mchi gu la

sogs pa bzhin du kun rdzob tu yod pa ma yin pa nyid du khas blangs
par ’gyur na (D, C: °yod pa yin pa nyid°).
Q: caivam ⁘ caitad evam; Tib: n.e. etat D: aṃsad Q: etat |
eṣā copādāyaprajñaptivyavasthā vistareṇa madhyamakāvatāre vihiteti

tata eva paryanveṣyā; Tib: brten nas brtags par rnam par gzhag pa ’di
yang dbu ma la ’jug pa las rgyas par bstan pas de nyid las yongs su
btsal bar bya’o (cf. PsPL 68, n. 4). This extra sentence represents yet
another interpolated reference to the MA. See Translation note.
B, J, L: śūkṣme°; D: śūkṣmekṣikamā D: nanaiva Q: sarva;
B, J, L: sarvata Q: om.; B, J, L: om.; D: anuṃ; PsPL: sarvapramā-

ṇa° (i.e., om. amum; sarva conjoined with the following compound);
Tib: n.e. amum B, J, L: apramāṇaprameyavyavahāraṃ (B, J and
L’s ta of sarvata followed by initial a are probably the results of an

early misreading of the akṣaras ma and mu of sarvam amuṃ) B:
āvakṣyahe; J: ācakṣyahe D: lākapramiddhir L: kiṃm

B: śū°; D: sūkṣametikayā; J: śūkṣmekṣikaṣā Q: laukika; D:
laukikaṃ(?)vya°; PsPL: laukika (compounded with following word)

D: ’vatācitayā D: tiṣṭantu J: °sattā; L: °mātrāsādityatma°
J: savṛttir; L: saṃvṛtti P: mumukṣānāṃ; B: mumūkṣūṃmāṃ;
L: mumūkṣūṇāṃ

-U चयहेतरु ् यावन ् न तािधगम इित। भवांस ्  ् एनां संविृ त-

'Y ु
परमाथ सिवभागिवदधबितया िचद ् उपपिम ् अवताया-

ायतो नाशयित। सो ऽहं संविृ तसवावैचयाल ् लौ-

िकक एव पे िा संव
ृ ेकदेशिनराकरणोपिोपपरा-

रम ् उपपरेण िविनवतयन ् लोकवृ इव लोकाचारात ् 5

पिरयमानं भवम ् एव िनवतयािम, नो त ु संविृ तम।्

ताद ् यिद लौिकको वहारः, तदावयं लणवल ् ले-

4Y णािप भिवतम।् ततश ् च स एव दोषः । अथ परमाथ ः,
B, L: mokṣovāhaka°; D: mākṣā...mūlāpacamahetur; J: mokṣogaha-

ka° B: om. B, J: tattvāvigama; D: tatvāvigama; L: tattvādiga-
ma Q: ucyate bhavāṃs; J: bhavās L: t D: eṣāṃ; J: anāṃ;
PsPL: etāṃ; Tib: de Q: saṃvṛttiṃpara°; D: °paramārtha | satya-
vi°; Tib: n.e. vibhāga; mi mkhas pas ⁘ durvidagdhabuddhitayā D:

uṣapattita B: savṛti...vaicakṣyaṇyāl; D: °vaicakṣyaṇyā; J: °vaica-
kṣyaṇyāl; L: saṃvṛtisatyavāvasthāvaicakṣyāṇyāl D: lokika

Em. following LVP: saṃvṛtyekadeśanirākaraṇopakṣiptopapatty-
antarāntaram. P: saṃvṛtyekadeśanirākaraṇopakṣiptopapatyantareṇa
(= eyeskip to following compound); Q: °kṣiptopattya°; B: saṃvṛttye-
kadaśa°; D: saṃvṛttekadaśanirākaraṇopakṣiptāpayatyantarāntaram; J:
saṃvṛttekadaśa°; L: saṃvṛttekadaśavirākaṇo°; Tib: thad pa gzhan ⁘
[u]papattyantarāntaram P: see previous note Q: nivarttayan
PsP : loka[ṃ]vṛddha, but PsP 599: lokavṛddha. Em. follow-
L L
ing LVP: paribhraśya°; P: °bhrasāmānaṃ; Q: paribhrasya°; B, J, L:
paribhrasya°; D: parigrasya° B, J, L: bhavatum; D: tum D:
nā D: tasyad D: lokikā D: lakṣava B, J, L: lakṣa-
ṇāpi; D: lakṣyaṇāpi D: tabhaś Tib: n.e. ca D: dāṣaṭ

तदा लाभावाल ् लणयम ् अिप नाीित कुतः माण-
यम॥् /U

i अथ – शानाम ् एवं ियाकारकसपूिवका -
ु

िर ् नाीियते ।

5 तिददम ्अितकम ् । तैर ् एव ियाकारकसवृ ैः शैर ् %U

भवान ् वहरित शाथ ियाकरणािदकं च न ेतीित।

अहो बतेामाितबवृिता भवतः ॥

i यदाच ैवं मेययमवितम,् तदा सामालणा-

िवषयेनागमादेर ् नामाणारम ् ॥
D: °vā P: lakṣaṇadvayasya (sandhi with following api; see next
note); D: lakṣaṇadvarām P: api utpattir. P’s variant reading lakṣa-

ṇadvayasyāpi utpattir would seem to be the result of interference; the
arising of lakṣaṇas has not been part of the discussion. Tib: mtshan
nyid gnyis kyang med pas ⁘ lakṣaṇadvayam api nāstīti D: kuṭaḥ
D: athaṃ Q: eva B: °sabandha°; J: kriyākarakasabandhapū-
vikā; L: kriyākārakasabapūrvikā D: °tti J: °krīyate Q: iti

| kaṣṭaṃ; D: atikathaṃ; Tib: shin tu dka’ ⁘ atikaṣṭam D: aca
B, L: °sabandha° P: bhāvan B, D, J, L: °rtha L:
kriyāṃkara° B, J, L: °pravṛttito; D: catechāyātrapratibaddhapra-

vṛttitā; PsPL: °pravṛttito. Stcherbatsky (1927: 156, n. 1) and de Jong
(1978: 35) also emend to pravṛttitā. D: bhavataḥ | pravṛttitā bha-
vataḥ J: caiva; Tib: n.e. ca Em.: sāmānyalakṣaṇāviṣayatve-
nāgamāder. P: sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣaya°; Q: sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayatve-

nāgader; B, J, L: sāmānyalakṣaṇaviṣayatvenāgamādī; D: sāmānyala-
kṣaṇaviṣaya°. Tib: lung la sogs pa rang dang spyi’i mtshan nyid kyi
yul can ma yin pa nyid kyi sgo nas. Em. by LVP: [sva]sāmānyalakṣa-
ṇāviṣayatvenāgamādīnāṃ (final superscript r of °āgamāder has been
read in the later mss as an anusvāra and has thus been interpreted as
3U i िकं

च घटः  इेवमािदक लौिककवहारा-

सहाद ् अनायवहारापु गमाच ् चाािपता लणेित न

ु म ् एतत॥्
य PsPL 70

-Y ात ् – घटोपादाननीलादयः ाः माण-
i अथ

पिरेात ।् ततश ् च यथ ैव कारणे कायपचारं कृ ा 5

ु
बानां ु
सख उाद इित पिदयते, एवं नीलािद-

िनिमको ऽिप घटः काय कारणोपचारं कृ ा  इित

पिदयते ॥
belonging to the akṣara nā of the next word). LVP conjectures

[sva]sāmānya° on the basis of Tib’s rang dang spyi’i. See Translation
note. L: °tve; PsP : pramāṇāntaratvaṃ; Tib: tshad ma gzhan
L
nyid ma yin pa ma yin. LVP (PsPL 69, n. 3) notes the discrepancy
between his text and Tib. See previous note.
D: lokīkavyavahārasyāsaṃgrahārasyāsaṃgrahād Em. following
LVP: anārya°. P, Q: ārya°; B, L: āryavyavahārātyagamāc; D: yayaṃ-

vyavahāratyugamā; J: āryavyavahārābhyagamāc; Tib: ’phag pa ma
yin pa’i B, J, L: lakṣaṇasveti D: muktam P: gaṭopādānaṃ
nīlādayaḥ; B, J, L: ghaṭopādānaṃ nī°; D: ghaṭopādānaṃ nīlodayaḥ
P: °paricchedātvāt D: tataśa D: om.; Tib: n.e. ca Q:
yathaiva sopacāras tathā ca; B: yathai; D: yathiva; Tib: n.e. iva and
n.e. (Q’s) sopacāras tathā ca D: kāryāpacāraṃ D: om.
D: om. P: sukham. P attests asukha and sukha in the instances
that follow. B, J, L: utpādaya B, J, L: pratyakṣanītvādi°; D:
°nīlādigimittakā B, J, L: ghaṭāḥ; D: ghaṭāṭāḥ; P: kāraṇe; B,
D, J, L: kārya; Tib: ’bras bu la P: kāryopacāraṃ. This and the

previous variant in P obviously represent two more cases of deliber-
ate change. B, J, L: vyavadiśyate; D: vyapadiśyate, then repeats
from previous evaṃ to vyapadiśyate


ु ः । उादो िह लोके सखितरे
न ैवंिवधे िवषय उपचारो य ु के-

णोपलः। स च संृतलणभावादनेकरशतहेतादु ्

असख ु इित पिदयमानो ऽस एवे ् एवं-
ु एव। स सख

ु उपचारः॥ घटः  इ ् अ त ु न िह घटो
िवधे िवषये य

5 नाम यो ऽः पृथगपलो ु योपचारात ् ं
ात॥्

i नीलािदितिर घटाभावाद ् औपचािरकं -

िमित चेत ् ।

एवम ् अिप सतरामु पु चारो न यु उपचयमाणाया-

10 भावात ् । न िह खरिवषाणे तैम ् उपचयत॥
े
D: mukta B, J, L: utpādā D: va PsP Tib: ’dus byas kyi
mtshan nyid kyi rang bzhin yin pa’i phyir dang dka’ ba brgya phrag
du ma’i rgyu can yin pa’i phyir ⁘ saṃskṛtalakṣaṇasvabhāvatvād ane-
kaduṣkaraśatahetutvāt; see Translation note. D: sukha eva samu-
kha Q: vyavadiśyamāno D: evaty B: aivaṃvidher; D:
evavidhe; J: aivaṃvidhe; PsPL: evaṃviṣaye for evaṃvidhe viṣaye

B, D, J, L: ghaṭāḥ D: itity A-N: kaścid yo; Tib: n.e. kaścit,
n.e. yaḥ (gang zhig reflects yasya); PsPL: kaścid yo. I assume that
kaścit is an idiomatic later addition. Tib (for the sentence): bum pa
mngon sum zhes bya ba ’dir ni gang zhig btags nas mngon sum nyid
du ’gyur ba bum pa zhes bya ba mngon sum ma yin pa logs shig tu
dmigs pa yang ma yin no B, J: °dhā; D: °dhāṃ; L: upabdhā
D: yasyāvacārāt va; J, L: yasyāpacārāt L: aupacarikaṃ
D: cat; L: cod D: ayi D: °rā D: upacayaṃmāṇena-
syā° D: kharaviṣvāṇe; PsP : kharaviṣāna (compounded with

L
taikṣṇyam); Tib: bong bu’i rwa la B: tairvakṣvam; D: taikṣam; J:
taircakṣvam; L: tairvekṣvam

/Y i अिप च लोकवहाराभूतो घतः। यिद नीलािदित-

िरो नाीित कृ ा तौपचािरकं ं पिरकते ,

%Y न ् एवं सित पृिथािदितरेकेण नीलािदकम ् अिप नाीित

नीलादेर ् अ ् औपचािरकं ं कताम ् ॥
यथोम –् PsPL 71

-U पािदितरेकेण यथा कुो न िवते।

वाािदितरेकेण तथा पं न िवते॥

इित। ताद ् एवमािदक लोकवहार लणेनास-

हाद ् अािपतैव लणेित । तिवदपेया िह ं

ृ ा  ् अप-
घटादीनां नीलादीनां च न ेते । लोकसंव ु 10

गम ् एव ं घटादीनाम॥्
D: lākalpyatāṃvyavahārāṅbhūto J: yati D: nīlo Tib:
phyir ⁘ iti kṛtvā P: tasyopa°; D: °cārīkaṃ D: pratyakakṣa-
tvaṃ; L: patyakṣatvaṃ D: parīkelpyate J, L: natv; Tib: n.e.
nanu B: °vyatiriktena; D: °vyatirakeśa; J: °vyatirekena; L: pṛthī-

vyādivyatirekena D: nīlādīkem B, L: nīlādeścar P: aṣy;
B, J, L: asy; D: as; PsPL: asy (compounded with following word); Tib:
yang P: aucārikaṃ; D: aupacāritaṃ; J: opacārikaṃ Q: pari-
kalpyatāṃ; B, J, L: kalpatāṃ B, J, L: °kena B, D, L: kuṃ-
bhā; J: kumbhā B: °kena; D: °vyatirakeśa J: tasyād D:

evatādikasya Q: °vyavahārarasya D: °lakśaṇenāśaṃgrahād
B: apyāpitaiva; D: avyāpitai; L: avyāyitaiva D: lakṣaṇaṃsyo-
pi; J, L: lakṣaṇaṃsyeti D: °vidayekṣamā B, J, L: pratya-
kṣaṃ; D: pratyakaṃ D: ghaṭīnāṃ L: naṣyate D: atyu-

paśabdavyam; L: apagantavyam D: pratyakṣaṇaṃtvaṃ

i अिपचापरोाथ वािचात ् शाािभमखो
ु 'U

ऽथ ः ः । ितगतमम ् अि ् इित कृ ा घटनीला-

PsPL 72 दीनाम ् अपरोाणां ं िसं भवित। तिरेदक 4U

ु
ान तृणतषािवत ् कारणात ं
् पिदयते।

5 ्  ् अमं ित वतत इित शं ा-
i यस ु

दयित त ानेियािवषयाद ् िवषयिवषियाच ् च न
Antecedent to the present sentence which commences with api, all

of the mss but P (= Q, B, D, J, L) present: yathoktaṃ śatake1 sarva eva
ghaṭo ’dṛṣṭo2 rūpe3 dṛṣṭe4 hi5 jāyate | brūyāt6 kas7 tattvavin8 nāma
ghaṭaḥ pratyakṣa ity api || etenaiva9 vicāreṇa sugandhi madhuraṃ
mṛdu | pratiṣedhayitavyāni10 sarvāṇy uttamabuddhineti11 || (= CŚ
XIII.1 and 2). 1B, J, L: śakate; D: śateke; 2Q: dṛṣṭo; B, D, L: dṛṣṭo; J:
dṛṣṭā ; 3D, J: rūpa; 4D: dṛṣṭo; 5Q: na; D: sa; 6D: rumāt; 7J, L: ka ; 8B:
yacin; D: tavi; J, L: tasyacin; 9D: etanaiva; 10D: pratiṣedhamitavyāṇi;
11
Q: uttaramabu°; B: umabu°; L: °na (daṇḍas vary). PsP Tib attests a
translation for the introduction and the two verses, and closes with
zhes bshad do ||. PsPL includes the Skt text. See Translation note.
D: kāpaṣenokṣārtha° P: pratyakṣaśabdasyākṣ(ā)bhi(mu)[1]; B,
J: pratyakṣaśabdasya sākṣād abhimukho; D: pratyakṣaṇaśabdasākṣād

abhimukho; L: pratyekṣaśabdasya sākṣād abhimukho; PsPL:
pratyakṣaśabdasya sākṣād abhimukho; Tib: mngon sum gyi sgra ...
dbang po mngon du phyogs pa’i P: [1](r).(ḥ); D: ’rtha P: om.
L: asmiṃnn J: idhiṃ; L: ipi P: [1](tvā); L: kṛtā Q:
ghaṭadīnām P: Ø; D: aparākṣāṇā; J, L: avarokṣāṇāṃ D: om.

J: bhṛṇatu° Tib: n.e. tu J: pravarttata; Tib: dbang po dang
dbang po so so la ’jug pas zhes bya bas D: pratyakṣaṇaśabdaṃ

P: the akṣara da has been erased; D: vyat° B, J, L: °viṣayatvā;
D: °viṣayitvā; PsPL: jñānasyendriyāviṣayatvā[d]; Tib: shes pa ni

dbang po’i yul can ma yin pa’i phyir B, D, J, L: c; conj. by LVP:
[viṣayaviṣayatvā]c; Tib: yul gyi yul can yin pa’i phyir

ु ा िः
य ु ्
, ितिवषयं त ु ात थिमित वा ॥

i अथ ात ् – यथोभयाधीनायाम ् अिप िवानवृाव ्

-Y ु
आय पटुमतानिवधानाद ् िवानानां तिकारिवकािराद ्

आयेणवै पदेशो भवित चिव ु ानम ् इित, एवं य ् अ ्

/U अथ म ् अथ ित वतते तथाममाि वतमानं िवानम ् 5

%U आयेण पदेशात ् िमित भिवित। ो साधार-

णेन कारणेन पदेशो भेरीशो यवार इित।

न ैतत ् पूवण
 तु म।् त िह िवषयेण िवान े पिदयमान े

3Y पिवानम ् इ ् एवमािदना िवानष भेदो नोपदिशतः
Tib: yul so so ba ’am don so so ba nyid ces bya bar ni mi ’gyur ro ⁘

prativiṣayaṃ tu syāt pratyartham iti vā. As LVP (PsPL 72, n. 3) re-
marks, the negation is difficult to explain. One could conjecture that
at least one of the PsP mss used by the translators contained a dit-
tography of tu (written as either tu or ta), and that the second akṣara
was read or interpreted as na. If the negation mi goes back to Pa
tshab, did he intend mi ’gyur cig? P: Ø; D: āpi P: Ø; B, J:
°pravṛttov; D: civijñāna°; L: °pravṛttoc Q: °mandatāty(?)anu°;

B, J, L: °vidhānā B, J, L: °vikārisvād; Tib: rnam par shes pa
rnams rten gsal ba dang zhan pa’i rjes su byed pa’i phyir dang | de
dag ’gyur na ’gyur ba’i phyir | (separates the two ablative construc-
tions with dang). PsP Skt is supported by the wording of AKBh ad
AK I.45ab. See Translation note. B, J, L: °naiva D: vya-
padr(?)śo J, L: cakṣuvi° D: pady D: artha D: om.;

L: artha B, J, L: āśrayasya P: (vy)a̝pade[2]; D: °deśātu
Tib: nyid ⁘ iti P: Ø; D: dṛṣṭā P: Ø; B, D, J, L: om. kāraṇe-
na; PsPL: om. kāraṇena; Tib: thun mong ma yin pa’i rgyus P: Ø;
B: caitaṃ; J, L: naitaṃ P: ⊗; D: pūrvaṇa B: °na; J, L: °na;
J and L then repeat tulyaṃ tatra hi viṣayena P: ⊗; B, D, J, L:

PsPL 73 ु
ाद ् मनोिवान चरािदिवान ैः सहैकिवषयवृात ।्

तथा िह नीलािदिवानषे िवानम ् इेु साका एव यो

जायते – िकमेतद ् पीियजं िवानम ् आहोिन ् मानसिम-

ित। आयेण त ु पदेश े मनोिवान चरािदिवानिवषय-
ु

5 वृिसवे ऽिप पररभेदः िसो भवित। इह त ु माणलण-

िववया कनापोढमा ापु गमे सित िवक-

काद ् एव तिशेषािभमताद ् असाधारणकारणेन पदेश े

सित न िकित ् योजनम ् उपलते । मेयपरतायां च
vijñāna P: Ø; B: rūpavijñāne vyapadiśyamāne rūpavijñānam; J,
L: rūpavijñāne pyapadiśyamāne rūpavijñānam P: Ø; D: ava°

P: Ø; B, D, J, L: °ṣaṭkāsya
Q: °viṣayaṃpra° B, D, J, L: tadā Em. following LVP and
Tib: nīlādivijñānaṣaṭke. P: nīlādiviṣayaṣaṭka; Q: nīlādivijñānaṃ ṣaṭka-

vikalpa; B, D: nīlādiviṣayaṣaṭkā; J: nīlāhiviṣayaṣaṭkā; L: nītvādiviṣa-
yaṣaṭkā; Tib: sngon po la sogs pa’i rnam par shes pa drug la P: Ø;
Q: jñānam P: Ø; B, J, L: pratyayāj; D: pratyayā; PsP : pratyayāj;
L
em. by de Jong (1978: 35): pratyayo; Tib: shes pa re ba dang bcas pa
nyid du ’gyur la P: Ø; Q: rūpendriyajaṃ P: Ø; D: vijñānaṃm
P: Ø; B, D, J, L: āhosvita D: āśrayeśa; J: °na B, D, J: mano-
vijñānacakṣurādi°, i.e., construed as part of following compound;

PsPL: manovijñānacakṣurādi°; Tib: yid kyi (rnam par shes pa mig la
sogs pa’i rnam par shes pa’i yul la ’jug pa yin yang). LVP does not
emend his text but remarks (PsPL 73, n. 4), “Le sens est certain mano-
vijñānasya ... °viṣaye ... .” L: °sabhave B, J, L: °vicakṣayā
B, L: kalpanāpoṭa°; D: kalpanāyāṭamātrasya; J: kal(?)panāpoṭa°
D: °tvātyupagame; L: °tvātyupagase P: savikalpakād (saṃvi-
kalpakād?) P: iva; Tib: n.e. eva J: tadviśeṣatvābhimatatvād;

PsPL: tadviśeṣatvābhimatatvād D: kiṅcata P: [2](l)a̞[2]; D:
ugalakṣyate; J: upalekṣyate; L: upatakṣyate Q: °paratantāyāñ; L:

°paratantāyāṃ D: va; Tib: n.e. ca

-U ु
माणसावृौ मेयाकारानकािरतामातया च समासािदता-

भावसाकयोः माणयोः प वापनान ् न ेियेण

पदेशः िकिद ् उपकरोतीित सवथा िवषयेण ैव पदेशो

ाः ॥

i लोके श िसाद ् िवविते ऽथ - 5

थ िमित चािसाद ् आयेण ैव ु
िर ् आीयत इित PsPL 74
चेत।्

उते – अयं शो लोकिसः । स त ु यथा लोके

तथाािभर ् उत एव । यथाितलौिककपदाथ ितरारेण
B: pramāsaṃkhyā° Q: prameyākānukāritā°; L: °mātratvātayā

B, J, L: samāhāditā°; D: samāsātaddhitātmahāvasattākayāḥ B,
D, J, L: °nā J, L: °yena D: vyapadeśeḥ Q: uparotīti; D:
upakarīgīti D: piṣayoṇaiva; Tib: n.e. eva Q: nāyyaḥ; D: tyā-
yyaḥ B, D, J, L: āloke D: pratyakṣaṇaśabdasya D: vica-

kṣitai; J: vivakṣate B, J, L: ’rtha B, L: pratyakṣaśabdasya-
prasiddhatvād; D: pratyakṣaśabdasyāpratiddhatvād; J: pratyaśabda-

syapra°; PsPL: pratyarthaśabdasy[ā]prasiddhatvād; Tib: dang don so
so zhes bya ba’i sgra ma grags pa’i phyir. pratyakṣaśabdasyaprasi-
ddhatvād as found in B, D (D with °āpra°), J and L appears to be the
result of an eyeskip back to the first compound of the sentence. LVP’s
solution is unacceptable because the content of the first ablative con-
struction is hardly a reason for the content of the second. J, L:
āśrayenaiva J: āśriṣata D: pratyakaṇabdo PsPL: loke

prasiddhaḥ D: tasmābhir Q: eveti; Tib: n.e. iti Q: °pa-
dārthariraskāreṇa D: tathā°; L: °laukikadāparthatiraskāreṇa

त ु तादे
ु ियमाणे िसशितरारो ऽिप ात।् ततश ् %Y/Y

् ात॥्
च थ म ् इ एव

i एक च चिव ु ानैके ियणाय ं न

ाद ् वीाथाभावात ् । एकै क च ाभावे बनाम ्
5 अिप न ात॥्

i कनापोढैव ु
च ान ापगमात ् तेन

च लोक संवहाराभावाद ् लौिकक च माणमेय-

वहार ु
ाातिमाद ् थव माणकना
सायते॥
D: tadvyatpāde Q: °tiraskāre (°ro has been changed to °re); B,
J, L: prasiddheśabdatiraskāra; PsPL: prasiddhaśabdatiraskāraḥ (see

next note); Tib: rab tu grags pa’i sgra yang spong bar ’gyur ro B,
J, L: prasiddha; PsPL: prasiddhaḥ; Tib: yang Tib: n.e. ca Em.
by LVP: pratyakṣam; Tib: mngon sum Conj. by LVP: evaṃ [na];
Tib: de ltar mi ’gyur. LVP (PsPL 74, n. 2) notes that his mss read
evaṃ, but Cambridge (my ms L) attests eva. The anusvāra must have
accidentally entered the later tradition given that Calcutta and Paris
are copied from exemplars that relied on my J. Q: om.; D: om.
P: cakṣurvijñānasyaikaindriya°; J, L: cakṣuvi° D: prabhākṣa-
tvaṃ B, J, L: vīsāthābhāvāt J: ce L: °bhāva L:
cahūnām B, D, J, L: kalpanāpoṭa° D: vava; Tib: n.e. ca

D: °tvātyupa° Tib: des kyang ⁘ tena D: lokasyai
Em. following LVP: pramāṇaprameyavyavahārasya. P, Q: pramāṇa-
prameyasya; B, D, J, L: pramāṇaprameyasya; Tib: ’jig rten pa’i tshad

ma dang gzhal bya’i tha snyad. The loss of vyavahāra could be
explained as owing to an eyeskip from vya to sya. D: vārthaiva;
J: vyathaiva; L: vyartheva

iचिु वानसमी
नीलं जानाित नो त ु नीलिमित चागम

4Y ु
लणािभधानाथ ातात ् पानािमियिवानानां PsPL 75

-Y जडितपादकाच ् च नागमादिप कनापोढ ैव िवान
ु मेतत॥्
िमित न य

i ताल ्
लोके यिद लं यिद वा लणं सामा- 5

'Y लणं वा सवमवे साापलमानादपरोम ,् अतः ं

वाते तिषयेण ान ेन सह। िचादीनां तैिमिरक-
B, J, L: cakṣuvijñānasaṅgī; conj. by LVP: °vijñānasa[ma]ṅgī L:
vāgamasya J: °nā D: jatutva°; J: jatra° B, J: °poṭasyaiva;

D: kalpanāyāṭasthaiva; L: °pāṭasyaiva D: tasmā Q: vā pratya-
kṣyaṃ (an erased but still visible pa before kṣyaṃ has a kākapada
beside it, indicating that the pratya in the upper margin is to be insert-
ed in its place); B: lakṣyed; D: lakṣyaṃ yadi lakṣyaṃ; L: lakṣyad
L: di Q: svalakṣaṇaṃ; B, J, L: lakṣyaṇaṃ; em. by LVP: svala-
kṣaṇaṃ (LVP [PsPL 75, n. 1] notes that his mss read as P: lakṣaṇaṃ
svasāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ vā); Tib: rang gi mtshan nyid. Ms Q and Tib’s
reading (Tib’s reading obviously influenced by a ms in Q’s line) ap-
pears to be a simplified one, probably altered because the mention of
both lakṣaṇa and svasāmānyalakṣaṇa seemed redundant. Represented
here, however, is Candrakīrti’s model that focuses on the lakṣya-la-
kṣaṇa pair, but also allows for a division of the latter into svalakṣaṇa
(e.g., the heat of fire) and sāmānyalakṣaṇa (e.g., impermanence). Can-
drakīrti is merely listing the possible alternatives. *LṬ’s author’s ex-
emplar seems to have read as Q (unless we interpret his tac ca svala-
kṣaṇaṃ | sāmānyalakṣaṇam vā as his explanation of the compound
svasāmānyalakṣaṇam): <<lakṣam (read: lakṣyam) iti |>> (= marginal
insertion) prameyaṃ tac ca svalakṣaṇaṃ | sāmānyalakṣaṇam vā | (cf.
Yonezawa 2004: 125, 148 [fol. 3a3]). Q: sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ; em.
by LVP: sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ; Tib: spyi’i mtshan nyid. See previous

note. B: pratyakṣa J: °na B: dvicandrāsanāṃ

ानापेयाम ,् तैिमिरकापेया त ु म ् एव ॥

i परोिवषयं त ु ानं साािभचािरिलोम ् अन-ु
मानम॥्

i सााद ् अतीियाथिवदाम ् आानां यद ् वचनं स
5 आगमः॥

i ु ताथािधगम
सायादननभू उपमानं गौिरव गवय इित
यथा॥

ु
iतदेव ं माणचतयाल ् लोकाथािधगमो वाते॥

तािन च पररापेया िसि । ताल ् लौिककम ् %U

10 ु ् एव ाा-
एवा ु यथािमलं से न , तम /U3U
B, J, L: °jñānopekṣayā°; D: amaimirikajñānāpakṣamā° D: °pe-
kṣamā P: pratyatvam P: evā; D: evā Q: paropakṣavi°

Q: svasādhyāvyabhi°; D: sādhyāvyahi° Q: śākṣad P: atī-
ndriyārthavivādām; B: atindriyā°; D: °yārthanidām Q: āṣṭānāṃ

D: °gamaṃ D: prayāṇa° L: vāni Q: sidhyanti |, fol-
lowed by (in lower margin, marked for insertion): satsu pramāṇeṣu

prameyārthāḥ satsu prameyeṣu pramāṇāni | no tu khalu svāṅgavikī
(read: svābhāvikī) pramāṇaprameyayoḥ siddhir iti; B, D, J, L: attest
(with minor variants) the two sentences and also include the word
artheṣu after prameyeṣu; PsPL: includes the two sentences and ms L’s
artheṣu; PsP Tib: tshad ma dag yod na gzhal bya’i don dag tu ’gyur la
| gzhal bya’i don dag yod na tshad ma dag tu ’gyur gyi | tshad ma
dang gzhal bya gnyis ngo bo nyid kyis grub pa ni yod pa ma yin no ||.
See Translation note. D: tasmā P: laukikakṣam D: evā-
star Q: prakṛtam; B, J, L: praṣṭutam; D: prastatam

ामः ॥ PsPL 76

i अाः यूाः – यिददम ु ं न त उे भावा

ु ं त उिवैयात ।् यच ् चों न ााम ्
इित तद ् य

इित तदिप य ु म ् एकांशहान ेः । अहेतपस
ु ्  ् एकािनकृ 

-U इित तितषेधो ऽिप यः। ु यत ् त ु खिदमते ु नािप परत 5

् ता एव भगवता भावानाम ् उाद-
ु ं यात परभू
इित तद ् अय

का िनिदाः ॥
D: vyākhyāsumaḥ. After vyākhyāsyāmaḥ, all the mss present the

sentence laukika eva darśane sthitvā buddhānāṃ bhagavatāṃ dharma-
deśanā, which does not appear in PsP Tib and makes little sense here.
After the sentence, Ms P continues on with an introduction to a quo-
tation and then the quotation itself (ms Q attests neither): et
upamābhi nidarśana vakṣye kin tu na teṣa samo iha kaścit | paṇḍita-
vijñajanā (leaf breaks off; text continues on the next line with:)
natimiraghnasya jñānalokasya te mane na ravir viṣaye bhūmiṃ
khadyotīm api vindatītyādi |. None of this text appears in PsP Tib.
*LṬ: etat[*] upamayābhidarśitaṃ teṣāṃ buddhānāṃ samo na kaścid
asti yo jānāti | (cf. Yonezawa 2004: 125, 148 [fol. 3a3]). See Transla-
tion note. L: tyadyante P: utpattivaiy (leaf breaks off); B, J, L:
°vaiyarthāt; D: utpativaiyathāt P: Ø; D: yav P: Ø; Q: yatho-
ktan for yac coktaṃ; D: roktaṃ P: Ø; L: dvātyām P: Ø; D:
muktaṃm P: Ø; Q: ekāṅśavihāneḥ; B, J, L: ekāṃśahāveḥ; D: ekā-

ṃśahāmeḥ; conj. by LVP: ekāṃśa[vaikalyāt]; em. by de Jong: ekā-
ṃśahāneḥ; Tib: ma tshang ba P: Ø; Q: ahetukapakṣas; J: °pakṣa
P: Ø; B, J, L: ekāṃtenikṛṣṭa P: Ø; B: tpratiṣedho B, J, L:
ayukta B, J, L: nām; conj. by LVP: [bhāvā]nām D: nirdiṣṭiḥ


चारः या हेतरु ् आरणम ् अनरम।्

PsPL 77 तथ ैवािधपतेय ं च यो नाि पमः॥ >00.,@

त िनवतक ु
 ो हेतिरित लणाद ् यो िह य िनवतक
 ो बीज-

ु
भावेनावितः , स त हेतयः। उमानो धम येना-

5 रणेनोते , स तारणयः । कारणानरो

िनरोधः कायोियः ,
तथा बीजानरो

िनरोधो ऽरोादयः । यिन ् सित यद ् भवित तत ्
B, J, L: hetuc. PsPL reads hetuś cālambanam, but none of LVP’s mss

attest hetuś cā°; all present the simpler erroneous reading – the result
of r read as c – hetuc ārambanam. B, J, L: ārambanam; PsP :
L
cālambanam. De Jong (1978: 35) suggests reading ārambaṇam on the
basis of D, stating that D “has everywhere ārambaṇa instead of ālam-
bana (77.2, 83.14, 84.1 etc.) and ārambaṇaka instead of ālambanaka
(85.5).” D: tathivodhipatayaṃ J: om. Q: nivarttako; B, D,
J: nivarttako; L: mivarhako P: Ø; D: yā Em. following LVP:
nirvartako. P: Ø; Q: nivarttako; B, J, L: vivarttako; D: nivarttako

Em. following LVP: °bhāvenāvasthitaḥ. P: Ø; Q: °sthi; B, J, L:
°bhāvenovāsthitaḥ; D: °bhāvenāvesthitaḥ Q: om. (eyeskip from
ta of °sthitaḥ to ta of tasya) P: Ø; L: °ṇo P: Ø; B, D, J, L:
dharmā; Tib : dmigs pa gang gis skye bar ’gyur ba’i chos can bskyed
pa ⁘ utpadyamāno dharmo yenārambanenotpadyate P: Ø; D:
yanā(eyeskip back to the kārikā)rambaṇemanantarī tathaivavādhipa-

tayaṃ ca pratyayo nāsti paṃcamaḥ | tatra nivarttako hetur iti lakṣaṇāt
| yā hi yasya nivarttaṃko bījabhāvenāvesthita nopadyate; J: yenālam-
baṇe°; L: yenālambaśenotpate J: tasyālaṃbaṇa°; L: tasyālamba-
ṇa° B, J, L: kāraṇasyāntaro; conj. by LVP: kāraṇasyā[na]ntaro
D: dhaḥ D: kāryasyātpatti° B, J, L: bījasyāntaro; conj. by
LVP: bījasyā[na]ntaro B: nirādho D: kurasyātpādapratya-
maḥ; L: ’ṃkurasyatpāda° D: bhaveti; J: bhati


तािधपतेयम ् इित त एते चारः याः। ये चाे परोजात-
ु

सहजातपाातादयः , त एते ् एवाभूताः
 । ईरादयस ् त ु

या एव न सवीित। अत एवावधारयित यो नाि

े ो भावानाम ् उेर ्
पम इित। ताद ् एः परभूत
अि परत उििरित॥ 5

iअोते – े ः ये उिर ्
न ैव िह भावानां परभूत

इित । यात ् – PsPL 78

%Y न िह भावो भावानां यािदष ु िवते।

/Y अिवमान े भावे परभावो न िवते॥ >00.,@

इित यिद िह हेािदष ु परभूतषे ु येष ु समेष ु ेष ु 10

-Y समेष ु हेतु यसामा अ वा िचद ् भावानां
D: °dhiyateyam P: Ø; D: cānyo; Tib: n.e. ca P: Ø; D:
purojātapaścājjātādayas; J: °paścajjādayas P: Ø; Q: eṣv; D: etaṣv

Em. following LVP: evāntarbhūtāḥ. P: Ø; Q: avāntarbhūtāḥ; D, L:
āntabhūtāḥ; J: āntarbhutāḥ; Tib: n.e. eva Q: om.; D: eve; Tib: n.e.

eva Em. following LVP: evāvadhārayati. P: [3]dhārayanti; Q:
°dhārayanti; B: °yaṃti; D: evyavadhārayānte; J: evavādhārayanti; L:

°dharayanti B, D, J, L: °yā D: paṃcata J: abhyaḥ; L:
etyaḥ P: utpattir; PsPL: utpattir; Tib: skye ba’i phyir P:
pra̞tya̞[2]; L: pratyayetya P: Ø; Q: om.; D: om. Tib: ’di ltar

⁘ yasmāt P: Ø; B, J, L: sva; conj. by LVP: sva[bhāvo] P: Ø;
D: pratyamādiṣu P: Ø; L: avidyamānāne P: Ø; Q: svesave
P: Ø; D: °vā P: Ø P: Ø; Q: om. P: Ø; Q: om.; Tib:
n.e. hi Em. following LVP: °gryā. P, Q: °gryām; B, D, J, L:
°gryām; Tib: rgyu dang rkyen gyi tshogs pa las gzhan ’ga’ zhig la; cf.
also Candrakīrti’s commentary on MMK I.3 at MABhed 93.9-11: ’dir
rkyen la sogs pa zhes bya ba ni rgyu’am rkyen dag gam | rgyu dang

कायाणाम ु ादात ् पूव सं ात ,् ात ् ते उादः । न

च ैवं यद ् उादात ् पूव सवः ात।् यिद ात,् गृते

चोादवैय च ात।् तान ् नाि भावानां यािदष ु 4U

भावः। अिवमान े च भावे नाि परभावः। भवनं भाव

5 उादः परे उादः परभावः स न िवते। ताद ्

ु म ् एतत –् परभूत
अय ु
े ो भावानामििरित॥

i अथ वा भावानां कायाणामरादीनां बीजािदष ु -

येष ु स ् अिवकृ तपेष ु नाि भावो िनह तक- ु

सात ् । तत िकम
् ्  परं यादीनाम।् िवमानयोर ्
अपे 'U
rkyen gyi tshogs pa’am de las gzhan yang rung ste B, J, L: ca; D:
kā Q: bhāvānānām
P: Ø; Q: pūrvva P: Ø; B, J, L: satva P: Ø; D: syāta P: Ø;
L: tetya P: Ø; D: utpādā P: Ø; L: utpādā P: Ø; B: saṃbha-

vaḥ; D, J: sambhavaḥ; L: sambhavaṃ P: Ø; Q: gṛhyet; B: ≈hyeta
P: Ø; D: °vaimarthyaṃ; J: °vaiyathyaṃ; L: vo° Tib connects
gṛhyeta and utpādavaiyarthyaṃ with ’am P: Ø; B: tasyān P:

Ø; B, D, J, L: na cāsti Tib: n.e. ca Q: svebhāve; Tib: bdag gi
dngos po yod pa ma yin pa nyid yin na ⁘ avidyamāne ca svabhāve
D: parabhya P: °(bhā).(ḥ); D, L: parabhāva D: eyuktam
Em. following LVP: parabhūtebhyo. P: Ø; Q: parebhyo; B, D, J, L:
parabhyo; Tib: gzhan du gyur pa dag las P: Ø; D: om. P: Ø;

L: bhānāṃ P: Ø; D: bījādīṣu P: Ø; J: pratyeṣu P: Ø; D:
arikṛte° P: Ø; D: °vā Em. following LVP: nirhetu°. P: Ø; Q:
nirhatu°; B, J, L: nihaṃtuka°; D: nihetu° P: Ø; B, J, L: apekṣa;
D: ayekṣya; PsPL: kimapekṣaṃ for kim apekṣya P: Ø; B, J, L:
vidyamāneyor

3Y ु
एव िह मैोपगयोः पररापे ं परम।् न च ैवं बीजारयोर ्

यौगपम ।् ताद ् अिवमाने भावे कायाणां परभावः परं

बीजादीनां नाीित परपदेशाभावाद ् एव न परत उाद

इित ॥

i ताद ् आगमािभायानिभत ैव पर। न िह तथागता 5

यिु िवं वामदु ाहरि। आगम चािभायः ागेवोप-

विणतः ॥ PsPL 79

i तदेव ं ये उादवािदिन ितिषे ियात उाद-

-U वादी मते – न चूपादयः याः सााद ् िवानं जनय-

ि । िवानजिनियािनादकात ् त ु या उे। सा 10

%U/U च िया िवानं जनयित। तात ् यवती िवानजिन-
P: [3]+u+t+(yoḥ); B, J, L: maitropaguhyakayoḥ; D: maitrāpagupta-

yoḥ; PsPL: maitropagrāhakayoḥ; em. by de Jong: maitropaguptaka-
yoḥ; Tib: byams pa dang nyer sbas dag B: °pekṣatvaṃ; D: rāye-
kṣaṃ B: om.; L: ca Q: °yo B, L: yogapadyaṃ; J: yogasā-

padyaṃ B, J, L: aviṣamāne Q: svebhāve P: Ø; D: para-
vyayade° P: Ø; J: eve P: Ø; Q: (in upper margin, marked to

be inserted after iti): ayuktam etat parata utpadyante bhāvā iti. Tib:
(gzhan las skye ba ma yin pa)s dngos po rnams gzhan las skye’o zhes
bya ba ’di ni mi rung ngo. See Translation note. P: Ø; B, J, L;
°jñateyaiva; D: °jñateyaiva P: Ø; J: mukti° P: Ø; Q: vyahā-

raḥ; Tib: lung gi dgongs pa yang (= āgamasya cābhiprāyaḥ) B, J,
L: evāpa°; D: evārṇataḥ; Tib: n.e. eva B, D, J, L: pratisiddhe
D: kriyātā J: cakṣūrūtpādayaḥ; L: cakṣurūyādayaḥ P: Ø;
Q: śākṣad P: Ø; B: janayati; L: °tī P: Ø; B, D, J, L: te; Tib:

kyi P: Ø; J: bhā P: Ø; J: va P: Ø; D: vijñānāṃ P:
Ø; L: tasmā P: Ø; D: pratyasavatī; J: pratyayevatī

िया िवानजिनका , न याः , यथा पिचिया ओद-

नेित ॥
iउते –

िया न यवती >00.,D@

5 यिद िया कािचत ् ात ् , सा चरु ािदिभः यैः -

यवती िवानं जनयेत ् । न ि। कथं कृ ा। इह ियेयिम-

माणा जाते वा िवान इते ऽजाते वा जायमान े वा। त

ु ा, िया िह भाविनािदका । भावश ्चेन ् िनः
जाते न य
िकम ियया॥

10 जात ज पनरे ु ॥्
ु व च न ैव यम

इािदना च ममकावतारे ितपािदतमेतत॥्
ु ा
अजाते ऽिप न य
P: Ø; D: °krimā P: Ø; D: vikriyāvijñānajanikā P: Ø; B, D, J,
L: ma; em. by LVP: na P: Ø; J: °yā; Tib: de’i phyir rnam par shes
pa skye ba’i bya ba rkyen dang ldan pa ni rnam par shes pa skyed par
byed pa yin gyi rkyen dag ni ma yin (the sentence’s added verb and
adversative is presumably for the sake of clarity) P: Ø; B, J, L:
parikriyā; D: yacikriyā; PsPL: parikriyā; em. by Stcherbatsky (1927:

168, n. 3): pacikriyā; Tib: ’tshed pa’i bya ba P: Ø; D: gedanasyati;
L: vada° D: °vati L: yedi B: kācidi; J: kācin B: tyāt;
J: tyās; L: tyā B, J, L: mā D: cakṣayādibhiḥ; L: cakurādi-
bhiḥ D: pratyayaṃ D: °vattī D: janeyet D: °mā-

śā; J: °nā Q: om. Q: iṣyet B, J, L: °niṣpādakā; PsP :
L
°niṣpādakā P: Ø; J: ce P: Ø; D: jātesya P: Ø; D: jatma
P: Ø; D: °ra

ु पा ॥
का िवना जिनिरयं न च य PsPL 80

्
इािदवचनात ॥

जायमान े ऽिप भावे िया न सवित जाताजातितरेकेण

जायमानाभावात ।्

यथोम ् – 5

जायमानाधजाताज ् जायमानो न जायते।

अथ वा जायमानं सव ैव स ते ॥
इित॥

यतश ् च ैवं िष ु कालेष ु जिनियाया असवः, तान ्

नाि सा । अत एवाह – िया न यवतीित। 10

िवशेषणं नाि िवना िवशेम ्

-Y इािदना ितपािदतम ् एतन ् ममकावतारे। न िह वा-

पो ्
ु गोमािन उते ।
Q: karttā L: ktarūpe B, J, L: esyādi B, D, J, L: °kena

B, J, L: jayamānobhāvāt B: yathoktam ca Em. following
LVP: jāyamānārdha°. P, Q: jāyamānorddhajātatvāj; B, D, L:

jāyamānorddhajātatvāt; J: as B, °tvāj P: Ø; B: prasahyate Tib:
n.e. ca P: Ø; D: janikrimāyā P: Ø; D: nāsthi P: Ø; D: tā
B, J, L: nāstīti; D: nāsthi. LVP (PsP 600) corrects nāstīti of his
L
edition to nāsti on the basis of MA VI.57 (MABhed 148.5) and PsP
Tib (khyad par med par khyad par can yod min) P: na Q:
niśeṣyam; L: viśeṣāḥ L: mityādinā L: pratiyāditam; Tib:

bstan pa nyid ⁘ pratipāditam B, D, J, L: °trā D: uṣyate

iयेवम ् अयवती तिह भिवतीित।

iएतद ् अयिमाह
ु –

नायवती िया। >00.,E@

यदा यवती नाि, तदा कथम ् अयवती िनह तका
ु

5 ात।् न िह तमयः
ु ु इित वीरणमयो ऽपु -
पटो न य

गते । तात ् िया न भावजिनका॥

iअाह – य ् एवं ियाया असवः , यास ् %Y

तिह जनका भिवि भावानाम ् इित।

iउते –

10 या नाियावः >00.,F@ /Y

यदा िया नाि , तदा ियारिहता अियावो िनह त-ु

काः याः कथं जनकाः॥
L: aivam P: Ø; D: aṣy P: Ø; D: nāpratyamavatī P: Ø; D:

pratyamavatī; Tib: bya ba rkyen dang ldan pa ⁘ pratyayavatī
(assumes preceding kriyā) P: Ø; D: tadīṃm P: Ø; D: om.; J,
L: kathaṃm P: Ø; D: nihertikā P: [1]n(t)+mayaḥ; B, J, L:

mantumayaḥ; D: gantumayaḥ Q: ghaṭo; D: paṭā D: cīraṇa°;
L: viraṇa°; PsPL: viraṇa°; Stcherbatsky (1927: 169, n. 2) emends to

vīraṇa° L: tyu° D: tasyāt L: kiyā L: avaṃ L:
kriyācā D: ahaṃbhavaḥ B, J, L: °yā J, L: tahi J:
°ṇām P: Ø; J, L: ucyante P: Ø; D: nāstiyāvataḥ P: Ø;
D: nāsthi P: Ø; D: kriyāvahitā; Tib: rkyen bya ba dang bral ba

dang bya ba dang mi ldan pa P: Ø; B, J: akriyavanto; L: akriya-
vantau P: Ø; D: nihetukāḥ; J, L: °kā P: Ø; J: pratyakāḥ; L:

iअथ – ियाव एव जनका इित।

उते – PsPL 81

् स ् उत ॥ >00.,G@
ियावश च

न ेित कृ तेनािभसः । उतशो ऽावधारणे । त ियाया

अभाव उः, कथं ियावं यानाम ् इित। यथा च िवान- 5

जिनियोा, एवं पिचियादयो ऽिप भावा उा वेिदता

ु
इित नाि ियातो ऽिप समिर ् भावानािमित भवा-
ु
3U दािभधानमथ शूम॥्
i अाह
– िकं न एतेन ियावः या इािदिवचारेण।

याच ् चरादीन
ु ् ती यान ् िवानादयो भावा 10

-U जाये, ताच ् चरादीनां
ु यं तेश ् चोादो

िवानादीनाम ् इित॥
pratyeyāḥ
L: ucyaṃte D: bhanty B, J, L: ute; D: ata; Q: naiti
D: prakṛtenādbhi°; J: °sabandhaḥ D: utpaśabdo Q: ’vadhā-
raṇe; B, J, L: ’vadhāraṇe; D: ācadhāraṇe; PsPL: ’vadhāraṇe; Tib: n.e.

atra Q: kriyāsatvaṃ; Tib: rkyen rnams ji ltar bya ba dang ldan ba
nyid yin ⁘ kathaṃ kriyāvattvaṃ pratyayānām Q: pratyayām; L:
pratyayān P: Ø; D: °kriyāktāḥ P: Ø P: Ø; B, J, L: pari-

kriyādayo; D: °damo; PsPL: parikriyādayo; Tib: ’tshed pa’i bya ba
P: Ø; D: neditavyā P: Ø; D: yato P: Ø; D: vi P: Ø; B,
J, L: °tti D: yasmā J, L: °dīt D: prabhāmān Q:
vijñānadayo; D: vijñānodayo D: tasmā D: cakṣuvādīnāṃ

D: pratyamatvaṃ J, L: vāṃjñānādīnām
ु
iएतदयिमाह –

उते तीेमान ् इतीमे याः िकल । 4Y'Y

्
यावन नोत ्
इमे तावन नायाः कथम॥् >00.,@

यिद चरु ादीन ् यान ् ती िवानम ् उत इेम े

5 या उे, नन ु यावत ् तद ् िवानां काय नोते,

ु
ताविदमे चरादयः कथं नायाः। अया एवे ् अिभ-

PsPL 82 ायः । न चाये उिः िसकता इव त ैल॥

i अथमतम ् – पूवम
 ्अयाः सः िकिदं -

यम ् अपे यं ितप इित। एतद ् अयम ु ्।
B: utpadyaṃte; J: utpadyante; L: utpaṣv(?)ante D: pratītyamān

D: (eyeskip to PsP
M §145. [sentence before MMK I.8ab]; PsPL
84.10) mānasya hi nāstyārambaṇena yogaḥ | anārambaṇa pravāyaṃ
sarvadharma upadiśyate bhavadbhiḥ sārasvaṇa iti vākyaśeṣa || athānā-
rambane dharme kutañ [D 13v] ārambaṇaṃ punaḥ | atha śabdaḥ pra-
śṇe kuta iti hetau | tenāyamartha kilaḥ Q: nātpadyata B, D, J,
L: °yā D: prabhāvāt L: udyata L: ta L: kārya L:

evebhy D: ahiprāyaḥ L: °yetya B, L: śikatātya; D, J:
śi° P: om. J: mata D: aprathyayāḥ; L: aprayāḥ
PsP Tib: sngar rkyen ma yin par gyur pa las ⁘ pūrvam apratyayāḥ
santaḥ. The las serves to indicate a state or situation out of which

something occurs, and does not suggest that the translators read a
Sanskrit ablative or misunderstood the meaning. B, J: avekṣya;
D, L: avakṣya B: pratyayasaṃ; J: pratyayasam; L: pratyayasvaṃ

B, J, L: pratipadyata; D: pratiṣadyataḥ L: ayuktav

%U यत ् तत ् यारम ् अय येन कते , तदिप

ये स यो भवतीित ता ् एष ैव िचेित न

ु म ् एतत॥्
य

चेहेम े चरु ादयो िवान याः कमानाः
i िकं

/U सतो वा केर ् असतो वा। सवथा च न य त ु 5
इाह –

ु ते । >00.,DE@
न ैवासतो न ैव सतः यो ऽथ  य
L: om.; PsP Tib: gang zhig rkyen ma yin pa ’di’i rkyen nyid du rtog
pa | rkyen gzhan de’i rkyen nyid de yang rkyen yod na yin pas ⁘ yat
tat pratyayāntaram apratyayasya pratyayatvena kalpyate tad api pra-
tyayatve saty asya pratyayo bhavatīti. LVP (PsPL 82, n. 1) reconstructs
apratyayasya tasya for rkyen ma yin pa ’di’i, but it may be more likely
that asya of the co-relative part of the sentence has been moved to the
relative part. tat pratyayāntaram appears to have been transferred to
the co-relative part and is in Tib set in a genitive construction with
rkyen nyid. Did the translators read or mentally construe tad api tasya
pratyayāntarasya pratyaye sati pratyayatvaṃ bhavati instead of tad api
pratyayatve saty asya pratyayo bhavatīti? Or was their text, like Q’s
text, corrupt (Q reads pratyayatvasya for pratyayatve sati asya), forc-
ing them to improvise? L: om. D: °yāntaraḥm L: avratya-
yasya D: kelpyate Q: pratyayatvasya ⁘ pratyayatve saty asya
D: pratyaryo J, L: bhavati; PsP : bhavati; Tib: yin pas Tib:
L
’di la ⁘ tatra J: aṣaiva Q: citteti; B: ciṃtayati; D: cindeti; J,
L: cintayati; PsPL: cintaneti; de Jong (1978: 36) emends D’s reading
to cinteti D: yaktam D, L: caheme; Tib: n.e. iha D:
pratyapratātyayāḥ D: °noḥ D: satā D: kalpyaratv; L:

kalpyenann D: asatā D: ve; Tib: n.e. ca Q: yujyanta
D: mevāsato; L: °satau D: pratyarya B, J, L: °āsya
D: pujyate; L: yukṣyate
कािदाह –

् येन िकम॥् >00.,FG@
असतः यः क सतश च

्
असतो थािवमान कथं यः ात ॥

iभिवता पदेशो भिवतीित चेत ।्

5 न ैवम ्

भिवता चेद ् पदेश इः शिं िवना नाि िह भािवता।
इािदनोदोषात॥्

i सतो ऽिप िवमान लजनो िनलैव य- -Y

PsPL 83 कना ॥
10 समानां यानां कायादनासामनायम ्
i एवं

्
उाातः परं ानाम अयं ितपाते॥

i अाह – य ् एवं यानामसवः, तथा अ ् ्

एव लणोपदेशात ् यिसिः । त िनवत को हेतिु रित
L: pratyaye | na D: syā≈ B: ce D: naiva D: rcad; L:

ve L: tato B, J, L: vijñānasya D: laprajanmano D:
nispalaiva Q: pratyayaparikalpanā L: udbhāvyāt B, J,

L: para Q: apipratyayatvaṃ Q: om. api; Tib: n.e. api B:
ast; D, L: ast; J: aḥt B, J: ava B: pratyayasiddhis B, J,
L: nivarttako; D: nivarttakā

ु
लणमते ु
हेतु य। न चािवमान लणोपदेशो यो

ु विे त ।
वासते

– ाद ् धेतु यो यिद त लणं ान ् न
i उते

ि । यात –्

्
न सन नासन न् सदसन ् धम िनवत ते यदा । 5

 ो हेतरु ् एवं सित न य ते
कथं िनवतक ु ॥ >00.,@
Q: om. yukto. Tib seems to have read ukto (brjod) instead of yukto.
Tib for the sentence (n.e. ca, n.e. iva iti): de la sgrub par byed pa ni
rgyu’o zhes rgyu’i rkyen gyi mtshan nyid brjod de yod pa ma yin pa
mo gsham gyi bu la ni mtshan nyid nye bar ston pa mi brjod do
D: °syevati; Tib: n.e. iva iti (see previous note) Tib: n.e. ucyate
D: syā D: hetupratyo Q: om. na tv asti. Tib: yod pa ni ma
yin te. Candrakīrti often concludes conditional statements such as the

preceding one with a sentence in the negative; cf., e.g., PsPL 180.8-9,
202.8-9, 280.6-7. Without it, it is difficult to make sense of the follow-
ing yasmāt in connection with the verse. The loss of words may have
been caused by an eyeskip: syān may have been written as syāt, and
Q’s scribe’s eye jumped from āt of syāt to āt of yasmāt. It is also
possible that earlier in the tradition the akṣara nna of syān na was
read as t plus virāma, and tv asti, then no longer contextually under-
standable, was dropped. B, D, J, L: sadasad D: dharto B,
D, J, L: nivarttate D: yathā PsP Tib: ji ltar sgrub byed rgyu

zhes bya ⁘ kathaṃ nirvartako hetuḥ Q: nivarttako; B, D, J, L:
nivarttako P: hetu; B: hetuṃ; J, L: hetu Em: na. P, Q: hi; B,

D, J, L: hi; PsPL: hi (PsPL 31.8, where MMK I.7cd is also cited, like-
wise reads hi; all the mss attest hi); PsP Tib: mi; ABh, BP, PP, PPṬ:
mi; MMKT: mi. See Translation note.

 उादको। यिद िनव धम िनवतत
त िनवतक ु
 , तमाद-

ु त।् न त ु िनवतत े सदसभयप िनव ा-
को हेतादये

भावात ।् त सन ्न िनवतत े िवमानात।् असिवमान-

ात।् सदस ् अिप पररिव ैकाथ ाभावाद ् उभय- %Y

5 पािभिहतदोषाच ् च । यत एवं कायोिर ् नाि,

ु
हेतयो ऽतो नाि। ततश ् च यद ् उं लणस-

ु
वाद ् िवते हेतय ु ते ॥
इित तद ् एवं सित न य /Y

PsPL 84 iइदानीम ् धाथम ् आह –
आरणयिनषे 3Y

अनारण एवायं सन ् धम उपिदयते।

10 अथानारणे धम कुत आरणं पनः॥
ु >00.,@
B, D, J, L: nivarttaka Q: nirvvatyo; B, J: nivartyo; D: nivarttyo;
L: nivatyo D, L: dharmā Q: nirvvarttet; B, L: nivartteta; D, J:

nivarttata B, J, L: nivarttate; D: nivarttata Q: nirvṛttyabhāvāt;
B, D, J, L: nivarttyasyā°; Tib: yod pa dang med pa dang gnyi ga la
ngo bo ’grub pa med pa’i phyir ro J: om. P: nirvartyate; Q:
nivarttate; B, J, L, N: nivarttate D: apiḥ P: parasparavi(ru)-

ddha̝[7]; D: °kārthasyāt; J: °viriddhasyaikābhāvāt P: Ø; D: °bhi-
hitapadoṣatvāv P: Ø; B: om. P: Ø; B, J, L: eva P: Ø; D:
kāyasmātpatir; J: °patti; L: kāryasyatpatti L: hestuprayo J:
tata J: om.; Tib: n.e. ca D: om. D: om. B, J: °bha-

vo; L: lakṣanasaṃbhavo B: eva; D: amavaṃ L: yuktate
B, J, L: ālambana°; LVP: ālambana° Q: anāraṇa; B, J, L: anā-
lambana; LVP: anālambana Em. following LVP: san. P, Q: sad;

B, D, J, L: sa; Tib: yod pa’i chos ’di ⁘ ayaṃ san dharmaḥ B, L:
athānārambane; J: athānālambaṇe; PsPL: athālambane B, J, L:

dharma B: ārambanaṃ; PsPL: ālambanaṃ

-U इह सारणा धमाः कतमे सव िचच ैा इागमाच ् िच-

च ैा येनारन ेणोे यथायोगं पािदना, स तेषामारण-

यः । अयं च िवमानानां वा पिरकेतािवमानानां

वा । त िवमानानां नाथस ् तदारणयेन । धम  ्

उथ म ् आरणं पिरकेत , स चारणात ् पूव 5

िवमान एवेित। अथ ैवम ् अनारणे धम ाना िसे

िकम ् अारणयोगेन पिरकितेन े ् अनारण एवायं

'U सन ्िवमानो धमश ् िचािदकः। के वलं सारण इते
ु

भविः मनीिषकया । न  ् अारणेन कित ्
P: ⊗; B: sārambanā dharmāḥ; PsPL: sālambanadharmāḥ P: Ø; B,

D, J, L: sarva P: Ø; B, D, J, L: °caityā P: Ø; B, D, J, L: °caityā
P: Ø; B: yenārambane°; D: yanārambaṇe°; PsP : yenālambane°;
L
Tib: skyed par byed pa ⁘ utpadyante D: °pratyayā Tib: n.e.
ayaṃ ca D: vidyamānā; J, L: °nā B, J, L: cā L: °vidya-
māmānāṃ B: cā, followed by parikalpyetāvidyamānānāṃ vā; J,
L: as B, vā pari° B: nāthas B, J: tadārambana°; PsPL: tadā-

lambana°; Tib: dmigs pa’i rkyen de ⁘ tadārambaṇapratyayena
D: utpatortham; Tib: bskyed par bya ba’i phyir ⁘ utpattyartham
D: āraṇaṃ; L: ālambaṇaṃ; PsP : ālambanaṃ D: parikalpyet;
L
PsPL: parikalpyate; Tib: yongs su rtog par byed na D: om.
B: cārambanāt; PsP : cālambanāt P: Ø; D: athevam P:
L
[1]nā(r)am(b)a̞[1]; B: anārambane; PsPL: anālambane P: Ø; D:
dharma P: a̞syā̞ra(m)ba̞[1]°; B: asyāraṃbana° D: parikal-

patenety PsPL: anālambana P: avidyamāno; B, J, L: avidya-
māno; D: avidyamānā B, J, L: dharma B: sārambana; D:
sārasbaṇa; PsPL: sālambana D: bhavati; L: bhavadbhi B, J,
L: nv Q: asyārambaṇe; B: asyārambane; D: asvārasvaṇena


सो ऽि॥

i अथािवमानारणं ु ,्
पिरकते, तद ् अिप न यम

अनारण एवायम ् इािद । अिवमान िह ना ् आर-

PsPL 85 णेन योगः।

5 अनारण एवायं सन ् धम उपिदयते।>00.,DE@ 4U

भविः सारण इित वाशेषः।

अथानारणे धम कुत आरणं पनः
ु ॥>00.,FG@

अथशः े , कुत इित हेतौ। तेनायम ् अथ ऽथ ैवम ् %U

अनारणे धम ऽसिवमान े भूयः कुत आरणम ् ।

10 आरणकाभावाद ् आरणा ् अभाव इिभायः॥
L: sabandho D: athāvidyamānasvaṇaṃ; PsP : °syālambanaṃ

L
D: tajñ D: ta PsP : anālambana D: evāyan B: °diḥ
L
Tib: ’di ltar yod pa ma yin pa la ni ... ⁘ avidyamānasya hi B:
nyasty; L: nnasty D: ārambaṇana; PsPL: ālambanena LVP:

anālambana; Tib: chos ’di dmigs pa med pa ni || yin pa ste gyur pa
kho na khyed kyis nye bar bstan te | dmigs pa dang bcas par zhes bya
ba ni tshig gi lhag ma ⁘ anālambana evāyaṃ san dharma upadiśyate,
bhavadbhiḥ sālambanana iti vākyaśeṣaḥ P: sana; B, D, J, L: sa
Q: bhavan dharma PsP : sālambana Q: athānāmbaṇe;
L
PsPL: athānālambane D: dharma J, L: arambaṇaṃ; PsP :
L
ālambanaṃ B: yataḥ; J, L: vataḥ D: °śabda; Tib adds preced-
ing zhes bya ba la J, L: praśneḥ Tib: ’dir (atra) ⁘ ayam
PsP : anālambane D: dharma J: °ṇe PsP : ālamba-
L L
ṇaṃ Q: ārambakā°; D: ārasvaṇa°; PsPL: ālambana°; Tib: dmigs
par byed pa ⁘ ārambaṇaka PsPL: ālaṃbanasyāpy

कथं तिह सारणाश ् िचच ैाः । सांवत
i ृ म ् एतल ्
-Y लणम,् न पारमािथ किमदोषः॥

iइदान समनरयिनषेधाथम ् आह –

/U ु ष ु धमष ु िनरोधो नोपपते ।
अने

्
नानरम अतो य ् कः॥ >00.,@
ु ं िने यश च PsPL 86

त पिमे ोकाध पादयो श ् चशश ् च

िभमो िने चेित । तेन ैवं पाठो – िने च यः को

्
ु म इित
नानरमतो य । ोकबाथ ेवमम ु ॥्

त कारणानरो िनरोधः कायोादयः समनर-

यलणम ् । अ िवचायत े अने
ु ष ु धमष ु कायभूत
े - 10

रािदष ु िनरोधो नोपपते कारण बीजादेः । यदैतदेवम,् तदा
Q: om.; Tib: n.e. tarhi Q: ārambaṇāś; B, J, L: sārambaṇā; D:
sārambaṇaṃś B, D, J, L: °caityāḥ J: sāvṛtam D: eta

Q: anantarapratyaya° (ms P attests samanantara each of the three
times the word is compounded with pratyaya; ms Q attests samana-

ntarapratyaya only in the second case. Was Q changed to correspond
with anantaram of the verse?); B, J, L: °pratyayeni°; D: °pratyayā-
naṣedhārthas D: nāpapadyate D: eto B, L: niruddhaṃ
B, D, J, L: °ārddha D: mādavyatyayā; L: pādavyabhyayo
D, L: va°; Tib: yang gi sgra ni ’gags na yang zhes rim pa bzhin du
sbyar ⁘ caśabdaś ca bhinnakramo niruddhe ceti P: bhinnakrame;

B, J, L: ninnakrame; D: bhinnakrame D: nivuddhe D: cati;
L: veti D: itiḥ B, D, J, L: °rtha L: dhaḥ L: saman-

tarapra°; LVP (PsPL 600) emends to lakṣaṇaḥ D: anutpannaṣu
L: bījāde

कारण िनरोधाभावाद ् अर कः समनरयः । अथा-

ु
ने ऽिप काय बीजिनरोध इते, एवं सित िने बीजे

ऽभावीभूत े ऽर  कः यः। को वा बीजिनरोध य
ु
इित। उभयमेतदहेतकिमाह – िने च कः य इित।

5 ु
चशो ऽनशापे ु
ः। तेनाने चारे बीजादीनां िनरोध

ु
इमाणे ऽभयम ् एतद ् अहेतकमापत
ु इित नानरमतो
ु म॥्
य

i अथ वा न तो नािप परत इािदनोादो िनिषस ्

तम ् अिभसायाह – 3U

10 ु ष ु धमष ु िनरोधो नोपपते ।
अने -U%Y
नानरमतो य ु म्
इित॥
अिप च
L: uṃkursya Q: nantara° (ko nanatara° for kaḥ samanantara°)

D: athānatpanne D: kāye; L: kārya D: ’kurasya Tib: n.e.
vā. Tib conjoins the alternatives with la, structuring each alternative
such that the last five words of I.9cd (rkyen yang gang zhig yin)
appear within it. P: cāṅkura; D: cāṃkuve; J: cāṃ’re; L: cā’re
D: nirādhaḥ L: et; Tib: n.e. etat Tib: yang na | bdag las ma
yin gzhan las min zhes bya ba la sogs pas skye ba bkag pa yin la |
skye ba bkag pa de la dgongs nas ⁘ atha vā na svato nāpi parata
ityādinotpādo niṣiddhas tam abhisandhāya D: niṣiddha notpādo
niṣiddhas D: tag D: nirādho B, L: nāpipadyate; D:

nāpa°; J, N: nāpividyate
् कः॥
िने यश च

इ ् अ पूवक
 म ् एव ाानम ॥
्

iइदानीम ् धाथ म ् आह –
अिधपितयपिनषे
भावानां िनःभावानां न सा िवते यतः।

्
सतीदमिन भवतीे तन न् ैवोपपते॥ >00.,@ PsPL 87

इह यिन ्सित यद ् भवित तत ्तािधपतेयम ् इ ् अिधपित-
/Y यलणम।् भावानां च तीसमात ु ् भावाभावे
Tib: ’di la bshad pa ni snga ma nyid sbyar bar bya’o ⁘ ity atra pūr-
vakam eva vyākhyānam Q: pūrvvam Q: vyākhyātaṃ B,
J, L: adhipatipratipratyaya°; Tib: da ni bdag po’i rkyen bsal bar

bzhed nas bshad pa ⁘ idānīm adhipatipratyayasvarūpaniṣedhārtham
āha LVP, on the basis of Tib’s sa bon la sogs pa, conjectures a
following bījādīnām. None of my mss attest bījādīnām. The accept-

ance of bījādīnām into the text would imply a conflation of the hetu-
pratyaya, exemplified as bīja by Candrakīrti in his commentary on
MMK I.2, with the adhipatipratyaya, or an intersection of the one
with the other. It is not completely clear how the adhipatipratyaya
with the definition yasmin sati yad bhavati tat tasyādhipateyam was
conceptualized; the other commentators do not elaborate. The addi-
tion in Tib suggests the AK understanding of the adhipatipratyaya as
equivalent to the kāraṇahetu and of kāraṇahetu as allowing for pre-
dominant kāraṇahetus. Given that no mss attest bījādīnām, I refrain
from adding it to the text. It may have been included as a marginal
addition in one of the Skt mss used by the translators of the Tib.
D: °yas Q: om.

कुतस ् तद ् यदि ् इित कारणेन पिदयते कुतश ् च तद ्

यद ् इदिमित कायने । तान ् नाि लणतो ऽिप य-
िसिः॥

i अाह – तािदः पटािदकम ् उपल पटादेस ्

5 तादयः या इित।

i उते – पटािदफलवृिर ् एव पतो नाि,

कुतः यानां यं सेित । यथा च पटािदफल-

वृिर ् असती तथा ितपादयाह –
्
न च समेष ु येि तत फलम ।्

10 येः कथं तच ् च भवेन ् न येष ु यत ् ॥>00.,@

त ेष ु ततु िरवे
ु मतसरशलाकािदष ु ेकं पटो नाि 'Y

ु
तानपलमानात ् कारणबाच ् च कायबसात।्
J, L: kuta P: yasminn for yad asminn. A scribe in P’s transmis-
sion line appears to have corrected yad asminn to conform with Can-
drakīrti’s commentarial yasmin of the previous sentence. P: om.
ca; B, D, J, L: om. ca; PsPL: om. ca; Tib: yang J: yed Q: adds
following paṭādibhyaḥ; B: tantvādityo; D: tantvādityaḥ B, J, L:
ghaṭādikam J: °bhyaḥ; L: upalasya B, J, L: ghaṭādes; D: paṭā-

das J, L: tatvādayaḥ B, J, L: ghaṭādiphalapravṛtter; D: °pra-
vatter D: ava Tib: n.e. svarūpataḥ J: °tve B, L:
syatsyati; J: syetsyati Tib: n.e. ca B, J, L: ghaṭādi° P:
asatīti L: °yetyaḥ J: katha D: te; J: c L: tuven

D: yata; J: tat B, D, J: °vemataśaraśa°; L: tanturivemataśa-
raśa°; PsPL: tantuturī° B, J, L: pratyayaṃ; D: pratyake; PsP :

L
pratyayeṣu; Tib: so sor B, J, L: ghaṭo D: °upalabhyemāna°

समिु दतेिप तािदष ु नाि पटः ेकम ् अवयवेिवमा-

-Y नाद ् एक च काय खडश उिसात।् तात ्

फलाभावान न् सि याः भावत इित॥

iअथासदिप तत ् तेः येः वतत।े PsPL 88
्
फलम>00.,DEF@ 5
इिभायः ात।्

्
अयेो ऽिप कान नािभवत
त॥े >00.,F G@

अये ् अिप नाि फलिम ् अयेो ऽिप वीरणा-

%U िदः कान ् नािभवतत े पट इित नाि फलवृिः

पतः ॥ 10
J: °tvoc P: om.
D: tentvādiṣu; J, L: tattvādiṣu B, J: ghaṭāḥ; D: paśaḥ; L: ghaṭoḥ
D: prayobhyekam Q: avayaveṣu vidyamānatvāt ⁘ avayaveṣv
avidyamānatvād Em: ca. P, Q: om. ca; B, D, J, L: om. ca; PsPL:

om. ca; Tib: dang B, J, L: kāyasya B, D: khaṇḍaṇa Tib:
n.e. svabhāvataḥ P: tan L: tetyaḥ B, D, J, L: om.; conj.

by LVP: [pratyayebhyaḥ] Em. following Saito 1984: 230, n. 41
and 1985: 25f. P, Q: om. apratyayebhyo ’pi kasmān nābhipravartate;

B, D, J, L: om. apratyayebhyo ’pi kasmān nābhipravartate; conj. by
LVP: [apratyayebhyo ’pi kasmān nābhi]pravartate phalam. See
Translation note. P: pratyayeṣu D: apratyarebhyo D, L:
°ādityaḥ D: kalān B, J, L: ghaṭā L: nyasti D:
°pravṛti Tib: n.e. svarūpataḥ


– यत ् फलं ादे च याः, तदा िकं
i अाह 4Y

येष ु फलम ् अि नाीित ाच ् िचा। नाि त ु

ितिरं फलम।् िकं तिह। यमयम एवे
् ित ॥
iउते –

5 फलं च यमयं याश ् चाययाः ।

फलममयेो यत तत् यमयं
् कथम॥् >00.,@

यिद यमयं यिवकारः फलम ् इित वाते, तद ्

अयु ं यात ् ते ऽिप या अयया अयभावा /U

PsPL 89 ु
इथ ः। तमयो िह पट इित। उते – ात ् पटो यिद

10 तव एव भाविसाः ः। ु ते  ् अंशमया
ु अंशिु वका-

रा न भाविसाः। ततश ्च तेो ऽययेो यत ्
L: phala B, J, L: va D: atti D: ti L: vyatiriktā B,

J, L: avayaveti; D: aveti L: pratyayasaṃyaṃ Q: pratyayān
P: cā[1]yaṃ[1]mayāḥ; Q: cātva(?)yaṃ°; D: casva°; J: °mayoḥ
D: °mayetyā D: °meyaṃ; Tib translates pratyayamaya as
rkyen gyi rang bzhin throughout D: phalām D: dad D:

atyayaṃmayā P: ta̝n+ma̝+(o); B, D, J, L: °yā B, J, L: ghaṭa;
D: pata B, J, L: ghaṭā; D: paṭā D: tanteva; L: taṃntava

B, J, L: eṣa; Tib: n.e. eva D: ta P: a(ś)u(m)ayā; em. by
LVP: aṃśa° on the basis of Tib: cha shas; cha shas may, however, be
the translation for aṃśu. P: a.[1](v)ikārā; em. by LVP: aṃśa°
D: ma Tib: n.e. ca Q: asvayaṃsvabhāvebhyo; B, D, J:
’svayamayasvabhāvebhyo; L: svayamayasvabhāvebhyo; conj. by LVP:

’svayaṃmaye[bhyo ’]svabhāvebhyo; Tib: bdag nyid kyi rang bzhin
ma yin pa de dag las (= tebhyo ’svayammayebhyo). De Jong follows
D and emends PsPL to: ’svayaṃmayasvabhāvebhyo. He is of the opin-
ion that this reading is confirmed by Tib but note that asvayammayāḥ

् तमयं
फलं पटां तत कथं ु भिवित॥
यथोम –्

घटः कारणतः िसः िसं कारणमतः।

्
िसिर ्य तो नाि तदज जनये ्
त कथम॥्
इित॥ 5

तान न् यमयम ् >00.,D@

फलं संिवते॥

iअयमयं त  ् अ।ु

-U नायमयं फलम ् ।
संिवते >00.,EF@ 10
of I.13b and of its first instance in the commentary is translated as

bdag gi rang bzhin min (that is, rang bzhin translates °maya, not
svabhāva). The paper mss presumably received the interpolated read-
ing found in Q from ms δ via ms ι. L: ya
B, J, L: ghaṭākhyaṃ B: tatumayaṃ P: paṭaḥ; B: yataḥ; D:
paṭhaḥ; J, L: paṭaḥ; PsPL: paṭaḥ; PsP Tib: snam bu; BP: snam bu. See
Translation note. P: Ø; D: yasā B, D, J, L: °mayī Tib: de
phyir rkyen gyi rang bzhin gyi ’bras bu ni yod pa ma yin no ⁘ pha-
laṃ saṃvidyate, i.e., Tib, unlike Skt which merely clarifies the
quarter by adding two words, provides a gloss for the quarter. B:
°maya Q: tahya D: mā° Q: om.


ु
इित। तमयो यदा पटो नाि, तदा कथं िवो वीरणमयः 3Y
ात॥्

i अाह – मा भूत ् फलम,् यायिनयमस ्त ु िवते।

तथा च भवान ् वीित यसत ्फलं येः वतत े ऽ-

5 येो ऽिप कान ् नािभवतत इित। न चासित फले

ु
पटकटाे तवीरणानां यायं य ु म ् । अतः

फलम ् अीित॥

– ात ् फलं यिद याया एव ः।
i उते ु

सित िह फल इमे ऽ या इमे ऽया इित ात।् तच ्च %Y

10 िवचायमाणं नाीित ॥

PsPL 90 ्
फलाभावात यायाः कुतः॥ >00.,F G@
D: °mayā; Tib adds yang (gang gi tshe snam bu snal ma’i rang
bzhin du yang med pa) D: padā B, J: ghaṭo; D: paṭā L:
thaṃ Q: viruddhe; B, J, L: om.; PsPL: om. LVP (PsPL 89, n. 5)

notes that Tib reads de’i tshe ’gal ba ’jag ma’i rang bzhin du ji ltar
’gyur and reconstructs the Skt as tadā kathaṃ viruddhavīraṇamayaḥ
... . B: tūt Q: bhagavā; J, L: bhagavān D: tuvīti D:
°yetyaḥ; L: pratyayaḥ P: p+[1](rtt)a̞te; D: prarvarttato D:

apratyayette D: vi P: Ø; Q: nābhivarttate; L: nobhi° L:
vāsati D: paṭakaśekhye D: maṃtu° P: pratyayānām
pratyayatvaṃ; B, D, J, L: pratyayānāṃ pratyayatvaṃ; LVP: pratyayā-

nāṃ pratyayatvaṃ; Tib: rkyen dang rkyen ma yin pa nyid D:
muktaṃm D: phalem D: yādi D: °yāṃ Tib: n.e.

eva Tib: ’di ltar ’bras bu yod na ⁘ sati hi phale Tib: med pa
nyid de | de’i phyir ⁘ nāstīti B, D, J, L: °yā

्
याश चायाश ् ित समासः । तान नाि
चे ् भावानां -

ु ििरित॥
भावतः सम
iयथोमायराकरसू े –

शूिव न िह िवते िचद ् अरीि शकुन वा

पदम ।् 5

यो न िवित सभावतः िचत ् सो न जात ु परहेत ु

भेित ॥

य न ैव िह सभाव ु लते सो ऽसभाव ु परपयः
कथम।्
D: samāsa J: svabhāvetaḥ; L: svabhāvatḥ (t with virāma); Tib:
n.e. svabhāvataḥ Q: śūnyavidyā; B, J, L: śūnyavidye; D: śūnya-
vidyate. *LṬ: śūnyavidyeti | śūnyā ’vidyā (cf. Yonezawa 2004: 126,

150 [fol. 3a6]). I understand śūnyavidya of the verse as intending
śūny’ avidya. Tib: gang na’ang stong pa rig pa med pa ni ||. The first
four verses are in rathoddhatā metre. Q: om. P: ⊗; PsPL: kva-
ci. Q: °kśe; L: °kśe D: śakunatya Q: om. *LṬ: śakuner
iva padaṃ yathā antarīkṣe nāsti (cf. Yonezawa 2004: 126, 151 [fol.
3a6]); cf. BHSD s.v. vā (= iva) Q: pādaṃ Em. following
LVP: yo. P: ya (following akṣara damaged); Q: yan; B: ya; D, J, L:

yan P: ⊗; B, D, J: svabhāvataḥ; L: svabhāvātaḥ LVP: kvaci
D, J, L: sā Q: °hetur; B: °hetur B, D, J, L: bhaviṣyati
P: sabhāvubhā; B, J, L: svabhāva PsP : labhyati D: svo
L
Em. following LVP: ’sabhāvu (the metre requires a light syllable).
P, Q: ’svabhāvu; B, J, L: ’svabhāva; D: ’svabhāvu Em.: parapa-
tyayaḥ. P, Q: parapratyayaḥ (pra° is unmetrical); B, D, J, L: parapra-

tyayaḥ; PsPL: parapaccayaḥ

अभाव ु प िकं जनीित एष हेत ु सगते
ु न देिशतः ॥ /Y

सव धम अचला ढ िता िनिवकार िनपवाः िशवाः ।

ु ऽजानका अ मित
अरीपथत ु जगं अजानकम॥्

श ैलपवत यथा अकिया एव धम अिवकियाः सदा। -Y

5 नो वि न िप चोपपिष ु एव धमत िजन ेन

PsPL 91 देिशता ॥
इािद॥
तथा

यो न िप जायित नो ु
चपपी न वते न िप

10 जीयित धमः।
L: asvabhāva L: puru; PsP : paraṃ (cf. PsP 90, n. 7). Q:

L L
janiṣyatī Q: saṃgatena Q: diśitaḥ; D: daśitaḥ D: ayalā
PsP : dṛḍhaṃ D: °vā D, J: śivā; L: śitāḥ Em. following
L
LVP: ’jānakā. P: jānakā; Q: jānikā; B, D, J, L: jānakā; PsP Tib: shes
pa med pa. Q: tatra; PsP : tatra. Tib: de la Q: jagaḥ; D:
L
jayaṃ PsPL: evaṃ, second syllable read as light (cf. PsPL 90, n.
10). D: mo L: cyavanni Q: vi P: copapadyayū; B,
J, L: nopipadyeyu; D: nopapadyaṣu; PsPL: copapadyayu PsP :
L
evaṃ. The meter requires a light syllable; eva would have been read
as evã Q: dharma; em. by LVP: dharmaṇa; Tib: chos rnams
D: jinana P: deśita; Q: diśitā D: yomya; J: yoja. The next
three verses are in dodhaka metre. D: ne D: jāṣati

PsP : nā, LVP (PsP 600) corrects to no B, J, L: vu°; D: vuya-
L L
padvī PsPL: no. L: cyacato B, J, L: jīyeti; D: jīnaṃti

्
तम िजन ु देशयती नरिसंहस ् त िनवेशिय सशतािन॥

य सभाव ु न िवित किन ् नो परभावत ु के निच लः ।

नारतो न िप बािहरतो वा लित त िनवेशिय
'U नाथः॥

ु ना नो च गती उपलित
शा गती किथता सगते 5

कािचत ् ।
B, D, L: jina At PsPL 243.4 LVP, against the mss, emends to dar-

śayatī Q: narasighas; B, D, J, L: narasiṃghas. At the equiva-
lent for PsPL 243.5, P, B, D, J and L read tatra nideśayi satvamaharṣī

for tatra niveśayi satvaśatāni. LVP (PsPL 243, n. 3) states that PsP Tib
presents the equivalent for tatra niveśayi satvaśatāni. Galloway (2001:
330) accepts the reading tatra nideśayi satvamaharṣī for his edition of
the citation in PsP chapter 13. P: svabhāvu, also at its equivalent
for PsPL 243.6; B, D, J, L: svabhāvu Q: kaści; LVP: kaści;
Galloway (2001: 330) accepts kaści for the PsP chapter 13 citation
but notes “Should be kaścid.” D: nā Galloway (2001: 330)
reads parabhāva tu. B, J, L: kenavi B: ruddhaḥ; J, L:
luddhaḥ Galloway (2001: 331) reads na-antar ato. P: pi na

⁘ na pi, but na pi at the equivalent for PsPL 243.8 L: bāhito.
Galloway (2001: 331) reads bahir ato. D: latyati D: tratra

B, J, L: matī Q: °na; P at the equivalent for PsP 243.8: °nā
L
D: nā J: garja; L: garji D: upalatyati. P at the equivalent
for PsPL 243.11: upapadyati. LVP emends upapadyati of his edition to

upalabhyati (cf. PsPL 243, n. 6; Tib: rnyed pa). Galloway (2001: 331)
retains the reading upapadyati. P: kāñcit, but P at the equivalent
for PsPL 243.11: kācit; B, D, J, L: kācit; PsPL: kāci. Galloway (2001:
331) accepts kāci.

ु ु मोचयसी बसान॥्
ु मक
त च वीहरसी गितमो
i इाचायचकीितपादोपरिचतायां सपदायां ममक-
वृौ यपरीा नाम थमं करणम॥्
5
Em.: vīharasī. P, Q: vyāharasī, P also vyāharasī at the equivalent for

PsPL 243.12; B, D, J, L: vyāharasī; PsPL: voharasī; Tib: rnam par
gsungs. Galloway (2001: 331) emends, following LVP, to voharasī.
B, J, L: gatiyukto; D: muktogatimukto P: muktaka, P at the
equivalent of PsPL 243.13: muktaku; Q: muktakṣa; B, J, L: yuktaku;

L: mocasī

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ANNE MACDONALD

BEITRÄGE ZUR KULTUR- UND GEISTESGESCHICHTE ASIENS

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 P: Ø up to PsPM §5 (end of third sentence [= PsPL 4.6]); Q: ddhāya ||

ndharaṃ; I: °matyaṃdhanaṃ  P: Ø; A-C, E, G-J, L, M: dahaty; F:

shes; *LṬ: asamajñānaṃ. Q presumably has its reading from the γ

sadeva///; N: repeats sadevakasya  P, Q: Ø  P, Q: Ø  N:

verses one to four  I: mvato  N: dvā; Tib: n.e. na dvābhyām

 C, G: parova°; M: parova...tha  P: Ø; C, G, J, N: °preṇayenam;

F: °praṇayaṇam; M: śāstraṃpreṇayenam  P: Ø; C, G, J, M, N: aṣa

E, H, I, L: ya; C, G, J, M, N: yec; em. by LVP (silently); Tib does not

va[ḥ].  P: Ø; A-E, H-L, N: °ripūr; F: °ripur; G: °ripūv; M: °ripu-

Q: chāsanā; A, E, F, H, K, L: chāsanāṃ; B, C, D, G, J, M, N: chāsanān;

Q: evan; A, B, D-F, H-M: evaṃ; C, G, N: evam; Tib: nyid  P: Ø;

A, C-H, J-M: vā°; B: vācārye; I: vāṃcāryyo; N: cācāyo; em. by LVP

°śāstrabhi°; B: vikśya°; C: °śāstrābhirdheyarthaṃ; D: °śāstrahidhe-

(silently)  P, Q: Ø; A, E, H: upadarśayaṃ; I: ūpa°; PsP : °yan

tvena; PsPL: °parītasaṃprakāśatvena; Tib: ston par mdzad pa nyid

*1

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P: Ø up to PsPM §5 (end of third sentence [= PsPL 4.6]); Q: ddhāya ||

ndharaṃ; I: °matyaṃdhanaṃ P: Ø; A-C, E, G-J, L, M: dahaty; F:

sadeva///; N: repeats sadevakasya P, Q: Ø P, Q: Ø N:

verses one to four I: mvato N: dvā; Tib: n.e. na dvābhyām

C, G: parova°; M: parova...tha P: Ø; C, G, J, N: °preṇayenam;

F: °praṇayaṇam; M: śāstraṃpreṇayenam P: Ø; C, G, J, M, N: aṣa

va[ḥ]. P: Ø; A-E, H-L, N: °ripūr; F: °ripur; G: °ripūv; M: °ripu-

Q: evan; A, B, D-F, H-M: evaṃ; C, G, N: evam; Tib: nyid P: Ø;

(silently) P, Q: Ø; A, E, H: upadarśayaṃ; I: ūpa°; PsP : °yan

nanani°; F: °praṇayaṇa°; G: °ka P: Ø; A-N: pramāṇaṃ; em. by

LVP (silently); Tib: phyag P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: anirādham

tha P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: om. N: anirggasaṃ P: Ø;

N: nirvāṇa P: Ø; A, E, F, I: sāstrasya; L: s(/ś?)āstrasya P: Ø;

H, I: epa P: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K-M: °choka°; B, C, G, J, N:

°chroka°; D: tovacchroka°; em. by LVP (silently) M: °ārthaṃ

aveya° P: Ø; A, E, F, H, K, L: vibhakṣyate; D: vihakṣyate. The

ṇabhaṅgā; C, G, M: kaṇa° I: ni≈dha N: ityucya P: Ø;

Q: śā///; F, K: śāśvato nityarthaḥ | śāśvato Q: Ø Q: Ø; A-F,

///rthaḥ Q: cārthaś ⁘ cāsāv arthaś Q: see previous note A,

saṃti°; H: saṃkṛṣṭa° A, C, E-N: nirgati; em. by LVP (silently)

°gamatāṃ; H: °gamanāṃ; I: vikṛṣṭa° A-N: prati; em. by LVP

°vasena; A: °vaśema; Tib: n.e. vaśena M: °mā; Tib: n.e. artha

tvarthā I: nīyatye B: °mādhūryaṃ; F, J: °mādhurya; G:

PsPL: n.e. iti; Tib: zhes bshad do P: °śabdātra ⁘ °śabdo ’tra; A:

epekṣāmā F: samūt° M: yadiḥ A: pādur°; M, N: °bhā-

varthaḥ A, E, H, I: samutpādasaḥ; B, C, F, G, J-N: samutpādaśaḥ;

yāyekṣo A, E, H, I: bhavām D: °deḥ C, G, M: °tha

iti; I: gitir Q: Ø; A, E, F, H, I, K, L: gati; G: tatir; PsPL: om.; Tib:

G, I, M: avan; D: aivaṃ F: taddhitātam; K: taddhitāttam

A, E: ityaśabda; H: ityaśabdaḥ; I: ityaśabdā A, E, H, I: vyatpāya;

samutpādaḥ; PsPL: samutpāda A: °pada; G, H: pratitya°; PsP :

pratitya°; N: pratīsamut° A-C, E-N: bodhi; em. by LVP on the

basis of Tib: khyed la D, F: bhikṣuvo A, E, H, I, K, L: pra-

paśyaṃti; C, F, G, I-K, N: paśyanti; em. by LVP (silently) A, E,

H, I: om. F, G, I: dharma; H: dharmma B, M: paśyaṃtīty; F:

H: eva ādau A, E, H, I, K: viṣaya; F: viṣayā D: vīp-

sārthaṃsya; F: vīpsyārthasya; H: vip° A, E, H: saṃbhāvāt

(silently) A, E, F, H, I, K, L: ihaca; D: ihe D, F: tuc D:

M: vot°; G, I: cātpadyate; em. by LVP (silently) D: °nem

F: kṣīkṛtārthaviśeṣe; G: agīkṛtārtha°; H: añjikṛ° A, B, E, F, I, K,

tyeśabde; G: prātītyeśabde; C, M: pratītyeśabde Q: °hetukā///; C,

G, J, M, N: °kāmām Q: Ø Q: ///tpattāv; A: akavijñānotbattāv;

C, G, J, M, N: kṛto; D: kūṭo; em. by LVP (silently) A, E, H, I, K,

cakṣu; G: vaḥ G: prāpyavac C, G, J, M, N: cakṣu; L:

cakṣun; em. by LVP (silently) A: apekṣotu; D: apekṣyaṃti; C, G,

A: potpadyate; C, G, M: ropadyate; E, H, I: ṣotpadyate; F, K, L:

vijñā/// Q: Ø Q: Ø; D: atre; M: utra Q: ///syāvyayatvābhā-

ya°; C, G, M, N: avyayasyava P: ityupeyā; D, M, N: atyupeyā; F:

D: pratyeyasargasya° A, E, F, H, K, L, M: prārthatvāt; I: prārtha-

M: tāvat; A, B, E, F, K, L: tāṃn F: pratyanpratītyayān; I: pratye-