xrhf˜

T›dq›
Ayw˜wnkt˜ §r` Ty A›wl`m˜ §r`
œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk
ÐAtF°˜ Ty A›wl`m˜  dtF d¶ w
ÐAtF± Ahh w§ ¨t˜ A§dt˜
Ay}w
œyl`t˜ r§wW ¨ ¯AO ¯ ­ A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜ C¤
Tm A˜

1
 : T›dq›
A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk Ylˆ Amtˆ¯ wž A¾A›A¡ A¾¯w T§d˜ An A`mt› dhK
£@h˜ rybk˜ ryt˜ rh\§ ž w˜ £@¡ Ÿy Ÿ›¤ ,­Ay˜ ž w lt› ¨ ¯AO ¯ ¤
,Tˆrs A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk ¤ œyl`t˜ Ÿy ™ˆAft˜ d§ zt§ .œyl`t˜ šA› ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜
.¢ty˜A`¤ œyl`t˜ ­ w Ÿys ¨ Ty A›wl`m˜ C¤ œhf˜ Tlm˜ TA˜ Ez`§ Am›
:¨§CAt˜ ”Ays˜ •
Tyfy• ¨ T§Cw ™qž Aylmˆ dhJ ,ŠCAst› ™kK A¡CwW ¤ Ayw˜wnkt˜ dq ‰›
tk˜ ™› T§dylq ™¶AF¤ Ylˆ œyl`t˜ dmtˆ ,TqAs˜ ¤rq˜ ¨ .Ah˜ Ab ¤ Tr`m˜ ™qž
“
tfž ,A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk ¤ yF w˜ Ž¤z ‰›¤ .T§dylqt˜ TyfO˜  C¤d˜ ¤
.¢ r¶ ‰yFw ¤ œyl`t˜ Ÿyst˜ ­d§d
: œyl`t˜ ¨ Ty A›wl`m˜ Tym¡
•
dq .œyl`t˜ šA› ¨ ­Cw d
¨t˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜ Š¤r d
Ty A›wl`m˜ rbt`
®Wl˜ Ÿkm§ y ,œl`t˜ Tr Ÿys Ylˆ dˆAs ¨t˜ AOnm˜ ¤  ¤ ± Ty A›wl`m˜
™ˆAft˜ zyf Ylˆ A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk ™m` .Ty˜A`¤ Tˆrs A›wl`m˜ Y˜ šw}w˜
.Tyky›An§ œl` T·y ºAn Ylˆ dˆAs§ Am› ,¨F Cd˜ ™Of˜ ¨ ¨•CAKt˜ ¤ šAÌ`f˜
: Qr¤ A§d •
.œyl`t˜ ¨ Ty A›wl`m˜ ™›Ak ¢ w A§d —An¡
¯ ,™¶Ah˜ dqt˜ Ÿ› œ‹r˜ Ylˆ
‰›¤ .Tmh› A§AS’ ™\ Tynqt˜ A§dt˜ ¤ Ayw˜wnkt˜ Y˜ šw}w˜ ¨ ¥Akt˜ ™› A§AS’
œl` CA œ§dq ¤ œl`t˜ Tž¤r› Ÿyst˜ Tl¶A¡ A¾A}r Ayw˜wnkt˜ £@¡ yt ,–˜Ð
. ®W˜ AAyt ‰› FAnt TOO›
: b˜ Tym¡
•
Ty A›wl`m˜ ¤ Ayw˜wnkt˜ rys Tyfy• Ylˆ ºwS˜ ºAq˜ ¨ b˜ @¡ Tym¡
¨ 
–l Ah›dq ¨t˜ Qrf˜ ¤ A§dt˜ œh Y˜ b˜ ‘dh§ .œyl`t˜ ­ w z§z`t˜
.§d˜ œyl`t˜ ‘ d¡
“yqt˜ ™›
™kK Ah˜®ŒtF Ÿkm§ y•¤ ,Ayw˜wnkt˜
,Ahylˆ zy•rt˜ ¨ ‹r ¨t˜ b˜ ž w Hk`t˜ T›dqm˜ PyO Ÿ› d•
.TF Cd˜ ¨ AhfKktstF ¨t˜ AyRrf˜ ¤
Tlmtm˜ Tyb˜ Tl·F± Y˜  CAJ³ ‰R¤

2
 : Ty A›wl`m˜
™kK ¨t˜ AqybWt˜ ¤ A§r\n˜ ¤ AžAyb˜ T˜A`›¤ TbFw˜ xCd§ ©@˜ œl`˜ ¨¡
› r TF C š® Ÿ› Ahlyl ¤ Aht˜A`›¤ AhlyŒK ¤ A›wl`m˜ ™qž Tnnkm˜ xAF±
“CÁwtR” TFwmlm˜ r wyb›wk˜ Ažwk›¤ ”Ay›rb˜ “CÁwtR” r wyb›wk˜ AqybW ¤
A›wl`m˜ rKž ¨ T›dtsm˜ “¶ rW˜ TF C ¨¡“xita›CfnI”Á TÌy A›wl`m˜Af. At`˜
¨t˜ Aynqt˜ “ybW TyŒ ^f˜ ¤ rKn˜ @¡ Tylmˆ ÃrÌsyu ¨t˜ Ay˜µ ¤ Ah\f¤
TyˆAnO˜ ¤ T§C ³ ¤ Tyml`˜ ¤ T§wrt˜ Ÿ§ Aym˜ lt› ¨ ¢l• –˜Ð Ahylˆ wq§
. T§CAt˜ ¤
: Ayw˜wnkt˜

:§r` Ÿ› r•
: Ayw˜wnktl˜

šAm`tF ©
,Ty¶Aqlt˜ Aylm`˜ ¤ wm˜ ¤ ¯µ šA ¤  ¤ ± “ybW ¤ r§wWt˜ •
Tyhn› Ahž .¢¶
Ÿys ¤ Asž³ TyAtž ­ A§z˜ TAtm˜  Cdq˜ ¤  ¤ ±
.Tylm`˜ Ahm˜ ¨ Tyml`˜ Tr`m˜ “ybW
Y˜ šw}w˜ ‘dh  CAhm˜ ¤ A›wl`m˜ ¤ ‘CA`m˜  dtF Y rykft˜ Tq§rV •
.¢ Cd’ ­ A§E¤ Asž³ TA ŠAbJ³ ¶Atž
TamÌ\n› Tr`› ¤
,Tyml`˜ Tr`ml˜ ¨›A\n˜ “ybWt˜ Ahž Ayw˜wnkt˜ ¢tiÁrblafÌÁrˆ¤ •
.Tylmˆ | r‹
™
Ÿ›
Asž³ Ÿy T’®`˜ ¨¡ Ayw˜wnkt˜
ŸiyÌllm˜ ¤ Ÿ§rkfm˜ Ÿ› Tˆwm› «r ¤ •
™ˆAf T\˜
db§ ¨w˜wnkt˜ “ybWt˜
¤ Ayw˜wnktl˜ r}An`•  ¤ ± ¤ wm˜ ¤
.A¾A`› r}An`˜ £@¡
›dtFA .¨r`˜ œ˜A`˜ ¨ xAn˜ Ÿy ¢ ¯Am`tF r•¤ Ayw˜wnkt˜ ryb` ŠAJ dq˜
lWOm˜ ‰¶AK˜ whfm˜ A›
.TžAqt˜ ¤ Tynqt˜A• Tyr`˜A Ah˜ Tf§ C AlWO›

Až AqtˆA¤ .­CwWtm˜ ¤ T§d˜ ­zh± ¤ r wyb›wk˜ šAm`tF wh Ayw˜wnkt˜
.Ayw˜wnkt˜ ¶Atž Ÿ› Tytž w¡ r wyb›wk˜A ,T§¦r˜ ­ ¤d› ­r\n˜
: œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk
‘ d¡
Y˜ A¾ AntF Ahm§wq ¤ A¡@yfn ¤ T§wrt˜ Tylm`˜ œymOt˜ Tyhn› Tq§rV ¨¡
d§zm˜ Tyrt˜ As•³ A¡ry‹¤ T§rKb˜ C wm˜ ¤ C AOm˜  dtF š® Ÿ› ­ d›
.Ty˜A`f˜ Ÿ›
”œyl`t˜ ¤ ÂmÌl`t˜ “ AhytyAn T§wrt˜ Tylm`˜ ™yhst˜ TFCAm›¤ œlˆ Ahž ‘r` ¤ Am•
š® Ÿ› ­@›®t˜ º
ÃnÌs Ahž
Am• .¢ty˜A`¤ ¨myl`t˜ A\n˜ ­ºAf• ÃnÌs ¨¡¤
.Tymyl`t˜ ¤ T§wrt˜ ‘ d¡± “yqt˜ Tm¶®m˜ Tyw˜wnkt˜  ¤ ± ¤ C wm˜  dtF
,wl`˜ ) AOÌuOt˜ lt› Ÿ› ­dmtsm˜ T§r\n˜ Tr`m˜ Ylˆ dmt` œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnkt
.(A¡ry‹¤ r wyb›wk˜ wlˆ ,AŒl˜ ,AyRA§r˜
Ylˆ ¨Œbn§¤ .œyl`t˜ Ÿys Y˜ ‘dh Ahž œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk ilata C§CF fÌÁrˆ d’¤
.¢ty˜A`¤ ¨myl`t˜ A\n˜ ­ºAf• Ÿ› d§z
¤ ÂmÌl`t˜ Aylmˆ ÃlÌhs
œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk
d’¤ ,A¡z§z` ¤ T§wrt˜ Tylm`˜ r§wW ‘dh œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk dts§ T\œl`m˜A
. ¤ ± £@¡ Atž³ ¤
T§wr  ¤ • Ah›dts§
.œyl`t˜ ¨ dts ­ d› Tynq }w˜ œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk lWO› dts§¤ Am•
3
 : ÐAtF°˜ Ty A›wl`m˜  dtF d¶ w 1
: H§Cdt˜ ­ w Ÿys 1.1
«wt›  dtF š® Ÿ› H§Cdt˜ ­ w Ÿys ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§ ,Ty A›wl`m˜  dtFA
wFr˜ ¤ ,­A•Am˜ ¤ ,w§dyf˜ ‰VAq› ™›Ak ¢nkm§ . žrtž³ rbˆ At› ,Šwnt› ¨myl`
. ®Wl˜ ¾Amh r•
Ahl`¤ Tb`O˜ œy¡Afm˜ Xysbt˜ TyyRwt˜

: ®W˜ ‰› ™S
™ˆAf 2.1

Ÿkm§ ,¨ž¤rtk˜³ d§rb˜ ¤ Tymyl`t˜ ¨ˆAmt¯ ™} wt˜ AOn›  dtF š® Ÿ›
™ˆAftl˜  wn’ tf§ @¡ .xCd˜ A’¤
CA ®W˜ ‰› šAÌ` ™kK ™} wt˜ ÐAtF°˜
. ®W˜ ¤ ÐAtF± Ÿy rmtsm˜ ™} wt˜ Ez`§¤ © rf˜

: œl`t˜ PyO 3.1

¢ AAyt Ylˆ ¾ºAn ˜AV ™k˜ œl`t˜ Tr PyO Ÿ› ÐAtF± Ÿykm Ty A›wl`ml˜ Ÿkm§
ªAqž d§d Ÿkm§ ,T›dqt› œyyq  ¤
¤ © r œl` › r  dtF š® Ÿ› .¢ Cd’¤
.TA˜ dnˆ ¨AR³ œyˆdt˜ ryw ¤ ®W˜ «d˜ `S˜ ¤ ­wq˜

: rykft˜  CAh› r§wW 4.1

©dqn˜ rykft˜  CAh› zyf ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§ ,TylˆAft˜ AqybWt˜ ¤ œl`t˜ A`˜
 dtFA
œh`yK ¤ ®W˜ šwS zyf ¨  ¤ ± £@¡ œ¡As
Ÿkm§ . ®W˜ «d˜ ¨ˆ d³ ¤
.rb•
™kK TyF Cd˜ wm˜ ‘AKktF Ylˆ

: ®W˜ AžAy ™yl 5.1

dq ™S
œhf˜ Ty A›wl`m˜ Aynqt˜ A¡rw ¨t˜ ®ylt˜  dtF ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§
œhs§¤ ®W˜ º
šw Tmy’ «¦C rw§
AžAyb˜ ™yl Ÿkm§ .œh AAyt ¤ ®W˜
H§Cdt˜ Tylmˆ Ÿys ¨

: T•CAKm˜ ¤ ™ˆAft˜ ‰yK 6.1

 dtF š® Ÿ› ¨F Cd˜ ™Of˜ ¨ šAÌ`f˜ ™ˆAft˜ z§z` Ayw˜wnktl˜ Ÿkm§
Tyky›An§ œl` T·y “l§ @¡ . žrtž³ rbˆ AK’Anm˜ ¤ Tyž¤rtk˜³ Aˆ®WtF¯
®W˜ T•CAK› Ylˆ ‰K§¤

4
 : T§Cw ™` ¤ C œ§dq 7.1
T§Cw ™` ¤ C ryw ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§ , žrtž³ rbˆ œyyqt˜  ¤
 dtF š® Ÿ›
™kK ºAW± yO ¤ Ÿyst˜ wž ®W˜ ¢yw ¨ dˆAs§ @¡ .œh¶
šw ®Wl˜
šAÌ`

: ¨ @˜ œl`t˜ Ylˆ ‰yK 8.1

žrtž³ rbˆ C w› w¤ ™Sf . ®W˜ Ÿy ¨ @˜ œl`t˜ ¤C z§z` Ty A›wl`ml˜ Ÿkm§
™kK œhtr`› ‰yFw ¤ TyAR ‰yR w› ‘AKktF ®Wl˜ Ÿkm§ ,¨ @˜ œl`t˜ AOn›¤
. ™qts›

: Š d³ ¤ CAkt¯ z§z` 9.1

Ÿkm§ .CAkt¯ ¤ ¨ˆ d³ rykft˜ Ylˆ ®W˜ zf œl` T·y ryw ¨ Ty A›wl`m˜ œhs
. Tyˆ d³ œh CAh› r§wW Ylˆ ®W˜ zf TylˆAf Tyw˜wnk ‰§CAK› › ÐAtF°˜

: Tˆwnt› C AO› ryw 10.1

C AO› ryw ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§ ,Tymyl`t˜ AžAyb˜ dˆ w’¤ žrtž³ Y˜ šw}w˜ š® Ÿ›
«d› ‰yFw ¤ ®W˜ Tr º r ¨ œhs§ Am› ,C rmtFA Td›¤ Tˆwnt› Tymyl`
. œhmh
¢tylmˆ ¨ ¾AZwl› ¾ CwW “q§
ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§ ,šAÌ` ™kK Ty A›wl`m˜  dtFA
. œl`t˜ šA› ¨ œhtr z§z` ¤ ®W˜ œh Ÿys Ylˆ ­d¶Af˜A w`§ Am› ,Tymyl`t˜

: ÐAtF± Ahh w§ ¨t˜ A§dt˜ 2

: Tytt˜ Tynb˜ ¤ Ayw˜wnkt˜ Pqž 1.2
AsF¥m˜ ¤
“VAnm˜ {` ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜ Pqž ©d ­@ AF± Ÿ› ¤ryk˜ ¢ w§
šwOf˜ ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜ ™›Ak œˆd˜ T§w’ Tyt Tyn —An¡ wk ¯ d’ y ,Tymyl`t˜
Ÿy Ayw˜wnkt˜ Y˜ šw}w˜ Qr ¨ ¥Ak dˆ Y˜ © ¥§
Ÿkm§ @¡ .TyF Cd˜
. ®W˜ ¤ ­@ AF±

: ­@ AF± §Cd 2.2

wk§ ¯ d’ .r A¾A§d Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF Ylˆ ­@ AF°˜ šAÌ` §Cd œ§dq ™m§
Tylmˆ ¨ Ty˜A`f Ahl›Ak Tyfy• ¤
Aynqt˜ d TyA• T§ C Ylˆ œh`ym ­@ AF±
œyl`t˜ ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜ Ÿ› ­ AftF¯ Ty˜A` Ez`§ TbFAn› Tyb§Cd  C¤ ryw .H§Cdt˜
.

5
 : Ty}wO˜ ¤ A›± A§d 3.2
Ÿkm§ .Ty}wO˜ ¤ A›± A§AS’ ¨ rykft˜ œyl`t˜ ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF lWt§
,Cw›± ºAy˜¤
¤ ®Wl˜ “l’ CdO› žrtž³ rbˆ TyOK˜ A›wl`m˜ š Ab wk§

.Ty˜A`f A§dt˜ £@¡ ­C   CAh› ÐAtF± Ÿ› lWt§ ¨˜At˜A¤

: Ty˜Am˜ A§dt˜ 4.2

¤
Ay›rb˜ ¤ ­zh± §d y Ÿ› º wF ,Tflk› œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk wk
Ÿkm§
dnˆ ¢y rykft˜ § A¾Aq¶Aˆ ™kK Ty˜Am˜ ž w˜ .T›E®˜ Tyb§Cdt˜ › rb˜ ryw
Tymyl`t˜ Tylm`l˜ Ayw˜wnk ¾® @yfn

: T›¤Aqm˜ ¤ ¨Aq˜ šwt˜ 5.2

.œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk ¨nbt˜ ®W˜ ¤
º®›z˜ {` Ÿ› T›¤Aq› ÐAtF± ¢ w§
Ÿkm§
d¶ wf ‰ym˜ ŠAn’ ¨ ©d —An¡ wk§ d’¤ ,dh¤ ’¤ Y˜ At§ ¨Aq˜ ryyŒt˜
. Tymyl`t˜ Tylm`˜ ¨ Ah C¤rR¤ Ayw˜wnkt˜

: Tynqt˜ C rqtF ¤ žrtž¯ ŠAWqž 6.2

Ÿkm§ Am› ,Tynqt˜ C rqtF ¤
žrtž³ ŠAWqž ©d ÐAtF± ¢ w§ , Ay± {` ¨
. œl`t˜ T·y ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF T§C rmtF Ylˆ r¥§ ¤
xCd˜ ryF ”w`§

: TyˆAmt¯ ¤ TyAq˜ A§dt˜ 7.2

šwb’ šAy A`mtm˜ {` ¨ TyˆAmt¯ ¤ TyAq˜ A§dt˜ {` rh\ d’
Ty˜A`f A¡E¤A ¤ A§dt˜ £@¡ œh Y˜ ÐAtF± At§ d’¤ ,œyl`t˜ ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜
. ¨F Cd˜ ™Of˜ ¨ Ayw˜wnktl˜ An˜ ™›Akt˜ AmS˜
,Tyw˜wnkt˜ Tytt˜ Tyn Ÿys Tyfy• Ylˆ Tl›AJ ­r\ž ºAq˜ A§dt˜ £@¡ lWt
‰› ™ˆAft˜ žA Y˜ ,T§An` Ty}wO˜ ¤ A›± ­C ¤ ,šAÌ` ¨b§Cd œˆ œ§dq ¤
. TyˆAmt¯ ¤ TyAq˜ ¯wt˜

: Ay}w 3
:Ayw˜wnkt˜  CAh› r§wW 1.3
CwS š® Ÿ› Tymyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF ¨ ¢ CAh› r§wW ÐAtF± Ylˆ ™Sf§
AqybW ¤ Tymyl`t˜ Ay›rb˜  dtF œh ™mK§ @¡ .™mˆ MC¤¤ Tyb§Cd  C¤
. Tys§Cdt˜ ¢tylmˆ ¨ Ahl›Akt˜ TylˆAft˜

6
 : ™›AJ ™kK Ayw˜wnkt˜ ™›Ak 2.3
dˆ –˜Ð ¨ Am ,œl`t˜ ž w lt› ¨ Ayw˜wnkt˜ ™›Ak ÐAtF± Ylˆ ¨Œbn§
.Tyž¤rtk˜ œyyq ™¶AF¤ œ§dq ¤ ,TylˆAft˜ AVAKn˜ œy\n ¤ ,¨m’r˜ ¨myl`t˜ «wtm˜
®W˜ Tr Ÿys Ylˆ Ayw˜wnkt˜ ry Ez`§ @¡

: œl`t˜ Tr PyO 3.3

œ§dq ¤ ®W˜ AAyt œhf˜ ¨lˆAft˜ œyyqt˜ ¤ © rf˜ œl`t˜  ¤
yZw ™Sfu§
“yqt˜ E®˜ œyˆdt˜ œ§dq ¤ © rf˜ º ± z§z` ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§ .TOO› œl` Tr
˜AV ™• «d˜ ™›Ak˜ œhf˜

: Tymyl`t˜ TyˆAmt¯ AOnm˜  dtF 4.3

Aˆwm› ºAKž š® Ÿ› œyl`t˜ ¨ TyˆAmt¯ AOnm˜ d¶ w š®ŒtF ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§
Ÿy ™ˆAft˜ ‰yK ¨ dˆAs§ –˜Ð .T˜AÌ`f˜ AK’Anm˜ Ylˆ ‰yK ¤ Tyž¤rtk˜ œl`
T•CAKm˜ zyf ¤ ®W˜

: ©dqn˜ rykft˜  CAh› r§wW 5.3

«d˜ ©dqn˜ rykft˜  CAh› zyft˜ TylˆAft˜ Aynqt˜ ¤ œl`t˜ A`˜
 dtF ™Sfu§
œh CAh› r§wW ¨ œhs§ ¨lylt˜ ¤ ¨ˆ d³ rykft˜ Ylˆ ‰yK TWKž
™›Ak . ®W˜

: ¨ @˜ œl`t˜ z§z` 6.3

‰yK ¤ , žrtž³ rbˆ Ty Ð œl` C AO› rywt ¨ @˜ œl`t˜ ¤C z§z` ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§
 CAh› r§wW ®Wl˜ –˜Ð yt§ .™qts› ™kK ‰yR wm˜ ‘AKktF ¤ b˜ Ylˆ ®W˜
ºAOqtF¯ ¤ b˜

: Ayw˜wnkt˜ CwW T`At› 7.3

d
‘AKktF ¤ Tymyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜ šA› ¨  CwWt˜ T`At› ÐAtF± Ylˆ §
¢ Ayy rtF §d ¤ ¢s§Cd ”rV Ÿyst ¢˜ ms§ –˜Ð .AqybWt˜ ¤  ¤ ±
C rmtFA

: Cw›± ºAy˜¤
‰› ™ˆAft˜ 8.3

œhnkm§ .šznm˜ ¨ œyl`t˜ Ayw˜wnk T§C¤ z§z`t˜ Cw›± ºAy˜¤
¢yw ÐAtF°˜ Ÿkm§
œh˜AfV
º
Ylˆ Ayw˜wnkt˜ ry œh¤ œhCA T•CAK›

7
 : ¨A§ ™kK A§dt˜ Th w› 9.3
CAkt ¤ ¨A§ ™kK Tyw˜wnkt˜ A§dt˜ Th wm˜ A¾z¡A wk§
ÐAtF± Ylˆ ¨Œbn§
®kKm˜ ™¤ Tytt˜ Tyn Ÿys Ylˆ ™m`˜ ŸmSt§ @¡ .A§dt˜ –lt˜ šwl
Ty˜A`f Tynqt˜

: Ayw˜wnkt˜ Ty˜A` œyyq 10.3

Ÿyst˜ œyyqt˜ ¶Atž  dtF ¤ A\tžA Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF Ty˜A` œyyq ÐAtF°˜ ™Sfu§
®W˜ AAyt ‰› FAnt§ Am Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF XbR¤ H§Cdt˜ y˜AF

Ty˜A`f Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF ™›Ak ¤ Tyw˜wnkt˜ ¢ CAh› r§wW ¨ ÐAtF± C rmtFA
®W˜ «d˜ œl`t˜ Tr Ylˆ ryb• ¨A§ ry “yq ¢nkm§ ,œyl`t˜ ¨

: œyl`t˜ r§wW ¨ ¯AO ¯ ¤ A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk C¤ 4

Tylm`˜ Ÿys ¤ œyl`t˜ r§wW ¨ A¾A§wy A¾C¤ `l ¯AO ¯ ¤ A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk
A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk Ah wq ¨t˜ Tysy¶r˜ C ¤ ± {` –y˜ .Aˆ ™kK Tymyl`t˜
:”Ays˜ @¡ ¨ ¯AO ¯ ¤
:A›wl`m˜ Y˜ šw}w˜ ryw .(1)
Tr`m˜ C AO› Y˜ ‰§rs˜ ¤ ™hs˜ šw}w˜ Ÿ› Ÿyml`m˜ ¤ ®W˜ Ÿykm •
. žrtž³ rbˆ
.Tymyl` AžAy dˆ w’¤ Tym’C Abtk› Y˜ šw}w˜ Ÿykm •
:T•CAKm˜ ¤ ™ˆAft˜ z§z` .(2)
.Ÿyml`m˜ ¤ ®Wl˜ T•CAK›¤ TylˆAf œl` A·y ºAKž TyžAk› •
.CAk± š Ab ¤ AK’Anml˜ Tym’r˜ AOnm˜  dtF •
:T›dqt› Tymyl` ™¶AF¤ œ§dq .(3)
.TylˆAf ¤ T›dqt› Tymyl` Ay›r  dtF •
yRwt˜ T•rtm˜ wFr˜ ¤ ,wO˜ ,w§dyf˜ ™› ­ d`tm˜ X¶AFw˜  dtF •
.œy¡Afm˜
:¨ˆ d³ ¤ ©dqn˜ rykft˜  CAh› r§wW .(4)
. ®W˜ «d˜ ¨lylt˜ ¤ ©dqn˜ rykft˜ ‰yKt˜ A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk  dtF •
.®kKm˜ ™¤ Š d³ Ez` Tyž¤rtk˜ œl` A§d œ§dq •
:d`u Ÿˆ œl`t˜ ™›Ak .(5)
.d` Ÿˆ œyl`t˜ ™›Ak ¤ žrtž³ rbˆ œl`t˜ Qr œ§dq •

8
 . žrtž³ rbˆ  C¤d˜ AOn› rbˆ ¨myl`t˜ «wtm˜ ryw •
:šAÌ`f˜ œyyqt˜  ¤
ryw .(6)
. ®W˜ º
T`At›¤ œyyqt˜ ({ML) œl`t˜ ­C  Tm\ž
 dtF •
.­ d`tm˜ X¶AFw˜ Y˜ ­dnts›¤ TylˆAf œyyq  ¤
ryw •
:POm˜ œl`t˜ z§z` .(7)
. ˜AV ™• AAyt ‰› FAnt§ PO› œl` rywt˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF •
.T§ r œl` CA œ§dqt˜ ¨•@˜ œl`t˜ Tm\ž
 dtF •
:™} wt˜  CAh› r§wW .(8)
®W˜ Ÿy ™ˆAft˜ Ÿyst˜ Tymyl`t˜ ¨ˆAmt¯ ™} wt˜ AOn›  dtF •
.Ÿyml`m˜ ¤
.¨ž¤A`t˜ ™m`˜ ¤ ¨m’r˜ ™} wt˜ Ylˆ ‰yK •
:¨R rt ‰’ ¤ œl` CA œ§dq .(9)
.¨R rt ‰’ ¤ œl` CA rywt˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜  dtF •
.T›dqtm˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜ š® Ÿ› ™ˆAft˜ ¤ œhf˜ z§z` •
œl`t˜ œˆd T§w’ Tyw˜wnk Tyt Tyn r§wW :T˜AÌ` Tynq Tyt Tyn ryw .(10)
.Ayw˜wnkt˜ ™›Ak ¤ ¨ž¤rtk˜³
z§z` ¤ œl`t˜ Tr Ÿys ¨ ryb• ™kK œ¡As ¯AO ¯ ¤ A›wl`m˜ Ayw˜wnk
Ÿyml`m˜ ¤ ®Wl˜ Tymyl`t˜ TylˆAf˜

9
 : Tm A˜

tntsž ,œyl`t˜ Ÿys ¨ Ty A›wl`m˜ Tym¡
KktF ©@˜ b˜ @¡ T§Ahž ¨

¨ ©C@ šwt˜ A¾AFAF
b}
™ ,œl`t˜ Tylmˆ Y˜ TAR r› d` œ˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜
œl`t˜ ”A ‰yFw Ylˆ Ah Cd’ Ty A›wl`m˜ rhZ
dq .Tr`m˜ ™qž¤ Ast• Tyfy•
.TOO› œl` Qr¤ TylˆAf ™¶AF¤ ryw š® Ÿ› œyl`t˜ ­ w Ÿys ¤
™› ,Yqb A§d —An¡
—Cdž Anž
¯ ,šAm˜ @¡ ¨ “q ©@˜ dqt˜ œ‹C
Ÿys lWt§ .­d§ ztm˜ Tyn›± A§dt˜ ¤ ®W˜ Ÿy Ayw˜wnkt˜ šw}¤ ¨ ¤Aft˜
.”AWn˜ ‰F ¤ ¾Až¤A` ¤ ­rmts› A¾ wh œyl`t˜ ¨ Ty A›wl`m˜
¤A`t˜ Ez`ž
§ .r§wWt˜ ¤ CAkt¯A œst§ ™bqts› wž AžCA\ž ¢t§ ,An¡ Ÿ›
®W˜ AAyt ¨bl TylˆAf  ¤
œymO AmS˜ Ayw˜wnkt˜ ¨mmO›¤ Ÿyml`m˜ Ÿy
T§¤Ast› Qr ryw Ylˆ ™m`˜ Anylˆ § ,rmtsm˜ r§wWt˜ ”AyF ¨¤ .Ty˜A`f
.œl`t˜ Tž¤r› Ÿys ¤ Ty A›wl`m˜ Y˜ šw}wl˜
r› sy˜ Ahž .œl`t˜ Tr Ÿys ¨ A¾A§wy A¾Ak§rJ Ty A›wl`m˜ ™\ ,At˜ ¨
Ayw˜wnkt˜ ™›Ak  .œyl`t˜ dy› ¨ r§wWt˜ ¤ ryyŒtl˜ “¶AF ¨¡ ™ ,Tyw˜wnk ­

.T› dts›¤ Tyky›An§ œl` T·y wž Tylbqts› T§¦C Hk`§ œyl`t˜ ¤

10