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209

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ueeskeesheeesieer ueIeg hegefmlekeeSb Yeer
ekeeefMele nesleer jnleer nQ~

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gfLr uki q
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Oece&efoJeekej heereOeerMe #eguuekejlve eer ceesleermeeiej peer cenejepe

-: mecheeoke :-

-ekeeMeke-

kece&eesieer ye. jJeerv kegceej pewve

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heesve veb.- (01233) 280184, 280236

meJee&efOekeej ekeeMekeeOeerve

Jeerj efveJee&Ce mebJeled 2529

kecheesefpebie-%eeveceleer vesJeke&
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eLece mebmkejCe
1100 eefleeeB

MejohetefCe&cee
10 Deketyej 2003

cetue
30/-

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11

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12

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14

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jR
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aoS
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t dksek/kksjkt i q
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a
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dknh{kki zkIr dj vkf; Z
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e vi us
uke dk/; ku j [ kukAxq
# dhvueks
y f' k{kkdksn; es
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usvi usuke dsvuq
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pfdr dj fn; kgS
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iw
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iq
u%l u~1965 es
ackgq
cyhLrks= vkfn dhj pukdhAl u~1969&70 es
aU
; k;

15

dsl oksZ
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a
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a
f.kZ
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aes
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aes
al efi rZ fd; kAi w
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es
abl Lrks= dhl a
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ns
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d
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rs
gq
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al ksyki q
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kIr dhA l u~
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al Ire i zfrekdsozr ,oax`g&R
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17

30 o"kZdhmezes
a, sfrgkfl d rhFkZgfLruki q
j es
at Ecw
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T;
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[ k JhKkuerhekrkt ht hdsdj deyksal s13 vxLr 1989
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y
ef.k] t S
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R
rj &ekyk] i w
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p
pq
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a

18

tU
et ; U
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20

la
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n t ho xf.kuh

21

vkf; Z
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22

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23

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24

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ohj Kkuks
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33

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34

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v kgSft l l s

36

mudht UeHkw
fe dkrF; l keusvkl ds&&&&&bR
; kfnA
iqjkrR
ol Eca?kh
Directory of Bihar Archaeology by B.P.
Sinha dkeS
a
usvoyksdu fd; kAml esai `"B223 i j oS
' kkyhdsl a
nHkZes
a
fy[ kkgS
&
"ItisstillmoresignificantthatVaishaliknownasthe
birth place of Mahavira Kundgrama and also as the place
which Mahavira visited several times has not yided any
clearJainaantiquity.NorthevarioussitesofYakshaworship; Sarandada; Capala; Vdena; Bahupujiya and the last
visited by Mahavira have been indentified. Even
Vasukunda believed to be the birthplace of Mahavira has
notbeenexcavate.............whileVasukundahasnotbeen
touched by archaeologist's spade. Thus even Vaishali
needsfurtherexcavation."

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kphu

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

37

cl k<+vkt dhoS
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aghekuuhpkfg, A
bl hDirectory of Bihar Archaeology dkvoyksdudjusij
eS
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asns[kkfd i `"B264 i j fy[kkgS
&
Besides being located in Basukunda-Vaishali;
Kundalpur-baragaon near Nalanda is the considered belief of Digamber Jainas as Mahavira's birthplace while
many Svetambara Jains take Lacchuar; near the
Lakhisarairailwaystationashisbirthplace-

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Thesite earlierwas known asbaragaon; which iseven
todayavillageadjacenttoNalandaruinsandformedapart
of Nalanda complex; who according to Buchanan belonged
to he dynasty of the Andhras wo began their rule 80 years
afterchristandcontinuedfor200years.ButJainspriests
told Buchanan that the site represents the residence of
Raja Shrenik and his oncesores; who preceded the establishment of the Andhra dynasty here and lived about six
orsevencentruesearlier.

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u**dkscrk; kfd bl LFkku i j okLro es
a

38

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KundalpurThe digamber sect of the Jains believe that Lord
Mahavir was born at Kundalpur, 18 km. fromRajgir. AJain
temple and two lotus lakes-the Dirga Pushkarni and
Pandava Pushkarni mark the spot.

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60

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ohj Kkuks
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63

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ohj Kkuks
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65

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66

l kS
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ohj Kkuks
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n; xz
UFkekyk

73

JhxkS
r e x.k/kj LokehusHkhdgkgS
&
^^prq
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r es
aof.kZ
r i f' pel Yys
[ kukej .k gS----------t ksHkhJkod&Jkfodkvkfn bu oz
r ks
adks/kkj.kdj rsgS
aosmR
d`"V : i
l snks
&rhu Hko , oat ?kU; : i l sl kr&vkB Hko xz
g.k dj ds
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fu es
avkdj fuxzZ
UFknh{kk/kkj.kdj dsfl ) ] cq
) gks
dj fuokZ
. ki n
iz
kIr dj dsl Hkhnq
%
[ kks
adk vUr dj ys
r sgS
A**
a
pkjks
axfr; ks
aes
a, d euq
"; xfr gh , lsh gSft l ds} kjk ek=
l ekf ghugha
] fl ) i n dhi z
kfIr Hkhgks
r hgS
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"; ; ks
fu dksi z
kIr
dj dsfuxz
UFkeq
Z
nz
k/kkj.kdj l ekf/kej .kdj rsgS
aosrks' kh?kzghnks
&rhu
Hkoks
aes
aeq
fDry{eh dkso' k dj ys
r sgS
avkS
j t ksJkod&Jkfodk, a
; Fkk'kfDr oz
r ks
adk i kyu dj rsgq
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kIr dj rsgS
a
osHkhdq
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adsi ' pkr~ghi j Eij kl seks
{ki kys
r sgS
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a
dksl ekf i z
kfIr dsfy, l rr~i z
;R
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} } } } }

12
eUnkkUrk NUn &
; koTt hoafofgr' kq
Hknans
ol sokfndk;
]
rhFkZ
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nuk; Sft us
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A
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iq
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. kdkysAA
cpi u l svc rd t hou es
a
] ft uHkDrhnkukfn fd; kA
i pdY; k.kd rhFkks
i j t k] ft uoj oUnu Lrou fd; kAA
ft rukHkhl c i q
. ; gq
v k] og , df=r ee t hou es
a
A
es
j si z
k.ki z
; k.kl e; i z
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AA
vUo; kFkZ&
; koTt hoans
ol s
okfndk; fofgr' kq
Hkna
t Ue l sys
dj vc
rd t ksdq
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usft us
a
Unz
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nku
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h: fp&J) ki w
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dFkefi e; k ; koR
iq
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ust ksdq
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.;
l fpr fd; kgS
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ft uoj ! rPp l oee i z
k.kfu; kZ
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&
l gk; d
gkst kos
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la
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ok

ohj Kkuks
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UFkekyk

75

iz
kI; e; kdFkefi ; s
u ds
uiz
dkjs
. k; koR
iq
. ; a; r~' kq
HkdeZl fpravft Z
ra
Aft uoj !
gsft us
UnzHkxou~! rPp l ol eLri q
. ; L; Qyaee i z
k.kfu; kZ
. kdkysej .kl e; s
' kh?kz
a; k; kr~vfpj ai z
kIra
Hkos
r~
A l ekf/kej .kadq
; kZ
e~bR
; FkZ
%
A
vfLeu~eU
nkkU
rko`ksJhKkuerhukexf.kuhvkf; Z
dkJhohjft uL; Lrq
fradq
oZ
U
rh
fut kR
eHkkoukai z
dV; fr ; r~Hkksohji z
Hkks! eg~
; aej .kdkysl E;d~l ekf/kai z
ns
fgA
mDrap Jhi w
T; i knLokfeuk &

^^vkckY; kfTt uns

ons
o ! Hkor%Jhi kn; ks
%l s
o; k]
ls
okl Drfous
; dYi yr; kdkyks
| ; kon~
xr%
A
R
okarL; k%QyeFkZ
; srn/kq
uki z
k.ki z
; k.k{k.ks
]
R
oUukei z
frc) o.kZ
i Busd.Bks
LR
odq
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v=k; efHki z
k; %; r~l ekf/kafcuk ; at hoksHkosukukfo/kanq
[ kai z
kIuks
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o; efi nkui w
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kIrq
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A
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u lw
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fgUnhVhdk&
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** bR
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; k[ ; ku fd; k
t krk gS
A
cpi u l sys
dj vkt rd es
j s} kjk t ksns
oi w
t kfn x`gLFkks
fpr
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O
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adki kyu fd; kx; kgS
Aosl eLr f; k; s
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nku
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avFkkZ
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t kfn dk; ks
l sbUnzporhZl q
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adks
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kIr dj ys
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pkS
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kIr egki q
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uk vkfn dj usdsfy, vfr' k;
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oZ
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{ks
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ai j t kdj t kses
j s} kjki q
. ; l fpr fd; k
x; kgS
Agsft us
Unz
Hkxoku ! og l Hkhi q
. ; dkQy esjsej .kl e; es
aeq
>s

76

iz
kIr gkst kosvFkkZ
r ~esjsl ekf/kej .kesal gk; d cu t kos]; g vFkZgq
v kA
bl eUnz
kkUrk NUn es
aJhKkuerhekrkt hohjft u Hkxoku dh
Lrq
fr dj rhgq
bZvkR
eHkkouk dksi z
xV dj rhgS
afd gsohj i z
Hkks! vki
eq
>sej .kdky es
al ekf/k i z
nku dj a
A
s
vkpk; ZJhi w
T; i kn LokehusHkhdgk gS
&
' yks
dkFk&
Z ^^gsns
o ! cpi u l sys
dj vc rd eS
ust ksHkhvki dspj .kks
a
a
dhdYiyrkdsl eku l s
okHkfHkko i w
oZ
d dhgS
Aml dkQy vc eq
>s
; gh feysfd i z
k.k fudyrsl e; vki dk uke t i uses
aes
j k d.B
vdq
f.Br cukj gs
&
ukeea
= t i rs
&t i rseq
>sl ekf/kdhi z
kfIr gks
os
A**
; gk vfHki z
k; ; g gSfd l ekf/k dsfcuk ; g t ho Hko&Hko es
a
vus
d iz
dkj dsnq
%
[ k dksi z
kIr dj rk gS
A bl fy, ge Hkhnku&i w
t kfn
f; k dj rsgq
, vFkok l k/kqvoLFkk es
al kekf; d i z
fre.kkfn f; k
dj rsgq
, l ekf ej .k i z
kfIr dhbPNk dj rsgS
A
a
bl ' yks
d es
ai z
Fke pj .kdsva
r es
axf.kuhvkf; Z
dkJhKkuerh
ekrkt husedkj dsLFkku i j vuq
Lokj fy[ kkgSvkS
j f} rh; i kndsva
r es
a
edkj ghj [ kkgS
AJh' koZ
oekZ
pk; Zd`r dkra
=: i ekykuked O
; kdj .kxz
UFk
es
a; g fo' ks
"kfu; e gS
Al fU/ki z
dj .kes
a^^foj kesok** bl l w
= l si n dsva
r
ea
sfodYi l svuq
Lokj vkS
j edkj nks
uks
agkst krsgS
A
a
fo' ks
"k&
i kf.kuhO
; kdj .ki <+
usokysfo} kuka
sdseq
[ kl si z
k; %; g l q
ukt krk
gSfd l a
Ld`r ' yks
dks
aes
ai kndsva
r es
aedkj dsLFkku edkj ghfy[ kkt kuk
pkfg, ] vuq
Lokj ugha
Avuq
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usi j osyks
xO
; kdj .kdsvuq
Lokj
dksnks
"kkLi n l e>rsgS
afdUrq^^dkrU=: i ekyk** O
; kdj .k dsfo' ks
"k
fu; ekuq
l kj ghKkuefr ekrkt husvi us} kjkj fpr Lrq
fr; ks
aes
aedkj vkS
j
vuq
Lokj nks
uks
adki z
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x fd; kgS
A

} } } } }

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

13
t Uee`frH; kafofo/kdq
j ks
xS
%
]
=Lr' kj hjhdq
e`fr&fufekkr~
A
iz
kI; dnkfpfTt u ! ro /ke
]
vLrql ekf/keZ
e e`frdkys
AA
t ue ej .k l srFkk fofo/k] j ks
xks
al si hfM+
r Hko ou es
a
A
dq
ej .k dsghdkj .k ft uoj ! nq
[ khgq
v k ruq/kj &/kj eS
a
AA
vkt dnkfpr~nq
yZ
Hkrk l s
] ft u ! ro /keZdksi k; k gS
A
va
r l e; es
aJs
"B l ek/kh] gks
os; gh; kpukgS
AA
vUo; kFkZ%
&
dq
e`frfufekkr~t Uee`frH; kafofo/kdq
j ks
xS
%=Lr' kj hjh
dq
ej .k&
vl ekf/kdsdkj.kt Ueej .kds} kjkvus
d iz
dkj dsdq
fR
lr
j ks
xks
al s' kjhj/kkjheS
a=Lr gksx; kgw
A
ft u ! dnkfpr~ro /kei z
kI;
e`frdkysee l ekf/k%vLrq
gsft us
Unz
ns
o ! vc fdl hrj g vki ds eZ
dksi z
kIr dj dsej .kdky es
aeq
>sl ekf/k dhi z
kfIr gks
os
A
la
Ld`r Vhdk&
ft u ! gsft usU
nz! dq
e`frfufekkr~dq
fR
l rej .kfufekkr~vkrZ
j kS
nznq
; kZ
ukH;ka
ej .kkr~vgavukfndkykr~prq
xZ
fr"kqdq
fR
l rej .kavl ekf i w
oZ
daej .kad`R
ok
t Uee`frH;kat Ueuk e`R
;q
uk p ckjackjat Ueej .kkfnuk fofo/kdq
j ks
xS
%ukukfo/k
' kkjhfj dekul kxa
rq
dC;kf/kfHk%nq
%
[ kh=Lr' kjhjhvR
;a
r nq
[ khHkokfeAv/kq
ukgsft u !
dnkfpr~ro/keL; k} knkus
dkUr: i aft u/kei z
kI; l a
iz
kI; x`ghR
ok ee e`frdkys
ej .kdkysl ekf/kjLrql Yys
[ kukoz
r aHkorq
A
brksfoLrj %
&; r~l a
l kjs
fLeu~eel n`'kk%vl a
[;i z
kf.kukst Ueej .kkfnda
d`R
ok fofo/ki z
dkjS
%dq
fR
l rj ks
xS
%nq
%
f[ ku%l fUrA t Uet UekUrj s l fprs
u ds
ukfi
iq
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; aeuq
t t Ue ok yHkUrs
A v= dfof; =h dFk; fr ; r~rL; S
o
iq
. ; deZ
. k%i z
Hkkos
ukgefi uj t Ue /k`R
okft u/keZ
ai z
kIuks
feAvr, o b; es
oiz
kFkZ
ukfLr
; r~vL; l q
d`r L; l kjHkw
r al ekf ej .kaHkorqeeA

78

ekuoi ; kZ
; %l oZ
i ; kZ
;s
"kqvu?; Z
jR
ul n`'kks
fLrA do; LraLo.kZ
efUnj efi
dFk; fUrA ; fn dnkfpr~dks
fi uj kseq
fuoz
r a/k`R
ok l ekf/kej .kadj ks
fr rfgZl %
fut Lo.kZ
efUnj L; ks
i fj ef.ke; dy' kekjks
i ; rhfr foKk; l ekf/kai z
fr : fp%dkZ
O
; kA

fgUVhVhdk&
gsft us
Unz! eS
uspkjks
a
axfr; ks
aes
adq
fR
l r ej .k dsfufek
l s&
vkkZ
j kS
nz
/; kui w
oZ
d ej .kdj dsckj&ckj t Ueej .kkfnds} kjkvus
d
' kkjhfj d] ekul ] vkxUrq
d C;kf/k; ks
adsnq
[ kks
al svR
;a
r nq
[ kh j gk gw
A
vr%vc gsft u ! fdl hi z
dkj l svki dsL; k} kne; hvus
dkUr /keZdks
iz
kIr dj dsej .kdky es
aeq
>sl ekf/k dhi z
kfIr gks
os
A
bl hfo"k; dkfoLrkj fd; kt krkgSfd bl l a
l kj es
aes
j sl eku
vl a
[; i z
k.kht Ueej .kkfn dj dsvus
d dq
fR
l r j ks
xks
al snq
%
[ khgksj gsgS
a
iq
u%t Uet UekUrj es
al fpr fdl hi q
. ; dsQyLo: i =l i ; kZ
; vkS
j
euq
"; t Ue dksi z
kIr fd; kgS
A; gkdfof; =hvkf; Z
dkJhdgrhgS
afd
ml hi q
. ; deZdsi z
Hkko l seS
usHkhuj t Ue /kkj.kdj ft u/keZdksi z
a
kIr
fd; k gSvr, o ; gh i z
kFkZ
uk gSfd eq
>s bl l q
dq
y dk l kjHkw
r
l ekf/kej .k i z
kIr gks
os
A
ekuo i ; kZ
; l eLr i ; kZ
; ks
aes
avu?; Z
jR
u dsl eku gS
Adfo; ks
aus
euq
"; t hou dksLo.kZ
efUnj Hkh dgk gS
A ; fn dnkfpr~dks
bZeuq
";
eq
fuoz
r /kkj.k dj dsl ekf/kej .ki z
kIr dj rsgS
arksosvi usLo.kZ
efUnj
dsi j ef.ke; dy' kp<+
kys
r sgS
a, s
l kl e>dj l ekf/kdsi z
fr : fp
vo' ; j [ kuk pkfg, A

} } } } }

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

14
JhNUn %
&
vfUredkysfo"k; d"kk; k%
]
j ks
xt i hMk%ee u Hkos
;q
%
A
vLrqu dq
a
Bksft u ! ee da
B%
]
uke l q
t i rksHkorql q
e`R
;q
%
AA
gsi z
Hkq! es
j sej .k l e; es
a
] eks
g d"kk; s
ai z
xV u gks
a
A
j ks
xt fur i hM+
kufgagks
os
] ew
PNkZvk'kkHkhufgagks
a
AA
iz
k.kfudyrsl e; ohj ! ee da
B vdq
a
fBr cukj gs
A
egkea
= dkst i rst i rs
] iz
Hkql ekf/kmke gks
os
AA
vUo; kFkZ%
&

ee vfUredkysfo"k; d"kk; k%j ks

xt i hMku Hkos
;q
%
es
js
vUrdky&
ej .k l e; es
afo"k; d"kk; s
a, oaj ks
xks
al smR
i Uu gks
usokyh
i hM+
k eq
>su l rkos
A

ft u ! ee da
B%dq
a
Bksu vLrq
gsHkxou~! es
j kda
B dq
fBr u
a
gks
os
A
uke l q
t i rksl q
e`R
;q
%Hkorq
vki dk uke t i rsgq
, gh es
jh
le
q`R
;q
&
l ekf/kgksos
A
la
Ld`r Vhdk&
ft u ! gsft us
Unz! ee vfUredkysej .kl e; sfo"k; d"kk; k%u
Hkos
;q
%fo"k; k'p d"kk; k'p rsfo"k; d"kk; k%i a
ps
fUnz
; fo"k; Hkks
xk%u Hkos
;q
%d"kk; k'p
vuUrkuq
cU/; kfn"kks
M'ki z
dkjs
"kqds
fi u mn~
Hkos
;q
%
Aj ks
xt i hMk%vfi u i z
knq
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iz
Hkks! ukuki z
dkjj ks
xkfnfHk%mR
i Uuk%i hMk%os
nuk%vfi u Hkos
;q
%
A
ee da
B%dq
. BksukLrq
&
HkksohjHkxou~! ee da
B%l nk l oZ
nkvdq
f.Brks
Hkorqds
ukfi j ks
xo' ks
u ee d.B%dq
f.Brks vo#) ks u Hkorq
A uke&
Hkorks
ft usUnzHkxor%fl ) kR
eu' p ukeea
=al q
t i r%
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lq
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r ; kt i r%Lej rksn; svgZ
r~
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ukEuhl q
i Br%
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&
l Yys
[ kuki w
oZ
dal ekf ej .kaHkorqi z
kIuks
r qeke~
A

80

vfLeu~' yksds Jh Kkuerhukexf.kuh&

vkf; Z
dk Jhohjft usUnzai zfr
fut HkkokfHkO
; fDrai z
dV; fr ; r~es j R
u=; QyfenaHkorq; r~ee l ekf dkys
fda
fpnfi ' kkjhfj dd"Ve~u t krqro ukeeU=egat i u~t i u~mkexfrai z
kIuq
; ke~
A

fgUnh Vhdk&
gsft us
Unz! es
j sej .kdky es
afo"k; d"kk; kfn&
ia
ps
fUnz
;
fo"k; Hkks
xks
adhykyl k, oavuUrkuq
cU/khvkfn l ks
yg d"kk; ks
aes
al sdks
bZ
Hkhd"kk; mR
i Uu u gks
osrFkkgsi z
Hkks! ukuki z
dkj dsj ks
xks
al smR
i Uu
gks
usokyhi hM+
k&
os
nukHkhu i z
xV gks
usi k, A
gsohj Hkxou~! es
j k d.B l nk vdq
f.Br cuk j gs
&
fdl h
j ks
xkfn l ses
j kd.B dHkhdq
f.Br&
vo: ) u gks
usi k, An; es
avki
ft us
UnzHkxoku~rFkk fl ) kR
ek dk uke ea
= vPNh rj g t i rs
&t i rs
^^vgZ
Ur fl ) ** dk uke Lej .k dj rs gq
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n; xz
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

17
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

95

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Unz
!
R
oe~l nk&
l oZ
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t ; rkr~
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t ; ' khyadra
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q
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l kjf; rq
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kfHkyk"kk i z
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A
fdeq
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L; kus
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t ; ' khyksHkw
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A

22
rks
Vd NUn &
t ; rkfTt u' kkl uo`f) dj %
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A
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ft u' kkl uo`f) dj %t ; rkr~

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A

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
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97

' yksdL; kfHki zk; ks; e~; r~gs' kj.kxroR

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oe~t xn~
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vr, o eg~
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l kjl kxj arfj rq
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nnkrq
A

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&
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l ki z'u gks
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mkj i z
kIr gksrkgS
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} } } } }
vueksy opu
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&vkpk; ZJhohjl kxj t hegkj kt

23
Hkq
ta
xi z
; kr &
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i znX/kal eLrk"VdekZ
fj d{ke~
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Lol kS
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aft uara
AA
egk' kq
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vuUr n' kZ
u Kku oh; Zl q
[ ke; vuUr xq
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dsoyKku l w
; Z! gsHkxou~! t xr~pj kpj ns[kfy; kA
f=Hkq
ou LokehvUr; kZ
ehuew
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&
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

99

nX/koku~ r hFk
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kIr%
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ekuft us
U
ks fut dekZ
fj d{ke~nX/ok
vuU
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kIuks
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ga
A
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in
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} } } } }

24
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ta
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ohj Kkuks
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AA
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25
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ta
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lq
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Hkw
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fons
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Hkq
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fo
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ds
u fof/kuk ueLdj ks
fe \ f' kjl k eLrds
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fons
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oUns
&
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foj kt Ursrku~l eLrft us
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kugai z
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

103

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fr vgZ
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kIuq
ofUr l a
l kfj kf.ku%fut fnO
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ukHks;ukFkdksvkfn djdsegkohj Hkxoku~
rd pkS
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A

} } } } }

26
Hkq
ta
xi z
; kr NUn &
egk/khj/khjaegkohjohja
]
egkyksdyksdaegkcks/kcks/ka
A
egki w
T; i w
T; aegkoh; Z
oh;
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egknsonsoaegka
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egki w
T; x.k/kj l si w
ft r] egkoh; Z; q
r esaHkhohjA
egkns
o dsnso rq
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auew
al q
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o; kFkZ%
&
egk/khj/khjaegkohjohja
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egk S
;Z
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mke/khj] egkohjks
aes
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dkyks
d dksns
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egkohj LokehvkS
j egkKkfu; ksaesaKkuhi z
Hkqdks
egki w
T; i w
T; aegkoh; Z
oh;
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egkns
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aes
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aes
aHkh nso Lo: i
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la
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' pkl kS/khj%egk/khj%rs
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vkf; Z
dk dFk; fr egkohjohjami; q
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yks
dp egkyksd%=S
yksD; arayksdrsfoyks
drsbfr egkyksdyksdal U
efrft usU
nz
ai z
. kekfeA
prq
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i zdkjs.k egkohjai zfr l Ecks/kuefLr&
egkcks/kcks
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egka
' pkl kScks/k%egkcks/k%rs"kqegkcks/ks
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. kZ
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up egki w
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T; %ohjLra

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

105

egkiw
T; i w
T; auekE;ga
A egkoh;Z
oh;egku~
oh;Z
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egkoh;Z
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ds"kq
foy{k.kegki q
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l eLrfo' ks
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HkUrs
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w; %l egkohj%
A

fgUnhVhdk&
la
l kj esat ksegku~/kS
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aes
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t ksegku~/khj gS
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, slk i z
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xf.kuhvkf; Z
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dksadkst ksns[kusokysgS
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dyks
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iw
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A
a

} } } } }

27
Hkq
ta
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lq
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vya
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ohj Kkuks
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107

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ackycz
pkjhLohdkj fd; kx; kgS
Arhl o"kZdh
vk; qes
amUgksa
ust S
us
' oj hnh{kk /kkj.k dhFkhvr,o pkS
chl rhFk
dj ks
aes
a
i kp cky; fr; ksadhJ`a
[ kykesavfUre cky; fr : i l sosyks
d es
avfpZ
r
gq
, gS
Aosegkohj Lokeh/keZdsHkkkZgS
a
avFkkZ
r ~t ksfut vkS
j i j dhvkR
ek
esa/keZdksi w
j usesal {ke gS
avr%/keZdsHkkkZdgykrsgS
] mu /keZ
a
HkkkZ
vfrohj Hkxoku~dsfy, ueLdkj gks
os; g dgusdkvfHki zk; gS
A

} } } } }

NksVsyky bfr Jq
r Ll q
t udks; L; kfLr /keksZ
| r%
A
xkgZ
LF; sdq
' kykl rhxq
. k; q
r kekrkerkeksfguhAA
vk; kZj R
uerhi zfl ) ukEuk; Tt Uenk=hl rhA
oUnsgaLokR
eS
dl k/kuj rkaJhKkueR
; kf; Z
dke~AA
&vkf; Z
dkpUnukerh

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

28
Hktqa
xi z
; kr NUn &
t x ks
"kg=s
Zt xR
l kS
[ ; d=s
Z
]
lq
ekxZ
L; /kk=sl q
eq
fDri znk=sA
t xkR
oos=s"VdekZ
fj ga
=s]
f' koJh&l q
Hk=sZR
ot l zaueks
Lrq
AA
vf[ ky nks
"kdsgrkZi z
Hkqrq
e] vf[ ky l kS
[ ; dsdrkZgks
A
eks
{kekxZdsrq
Eghfo/kkrk] eq
fDr JhdsnkrkgksAA
vf[ ky rR
o dsrq
e gksKkrk] v"V deZl a
gkj d gks
A
f' koy{ehdsHkrkZrq
edks
] l nkueksLrqgekj kgksAA
vUo; kFkZ%
&

t xks"kg=sZt xR
l kS
[ ; d=sZ

t ksl a
l kj dsnks"kksadksgj .kdj us
okys gS
a
] t xr dsl q
[ kksadks i z
kIr dj kusokys gS
al q
ekxZ
L; /kk=s
lq
eq
fDrnk=s
ek{skekxZdsfo/kkrk,oaeq
fDr y{ehdsi znkrkgS
a
t xkR
oos=s
v"VdekZ
fj ga
=s
l eLr rR
oksadkst kuusokysrFkkv"VdeZ' k=q
v ks
adksu"V
dj usokysgS
A
a
f' koJhl q
Hk=s
Zrqvt l zaueks
Lrq
eq
fDrJhdsHkrkZ, sls
egkohj ft us
U
nzdsfy, es
j kl rr ueLdkj gks
os
A
la
Ld`r Vhdk&
^^ueks
Lrq
** bfr f; ki ns
uO
; k[ ; kuaf; rse; kA dLeSueks
Lrq
\
bfr i z
' usl fr t x ks
"kg=s
&
Z t xrkal a
l kfj i zkf.kukanks
"kku~gj fr ; ks
l kSt xn~
nks
"kgrkZ
rLeSt xn~
nks
"kg=s
Zueks
Lrq
Ai q
u' p t xR
l kS
[ ; d=s
&
Zt xr%i z
kf.kuke~l kS
[ ; adj ks
fr
foHkfrZt xR
l kS
[ ; drkZrLeSt xR
l kS
[ ; d=s
Zee ueks
Lrq
AvfHki z
k; ksL; i zFke i knL;
; r~LoL; l a
l kfj .k%HkkfDrdL; p t Ueej .kkfnl eLrnks
"kk.kke~gj .ks{keks; ks
l kS
egkohjft us
U
LrLeSueks
Lrq
A
iq
u' p dLek) s
r ks%uefL; rsl oS
LrLeSohjk; \ l q
Z
ekxZ
L; /kk=s
&
lq
"Bq
ekxZ
%
eks
{kekxZ
LrL; l q
ekxZ
L; /kkrk fo/kkrk rLeSl q
ekxZ
L; /kk=s egkohjk; ueks
Lrq

110

lq
eq
fDri z
nk=s
&
lq
&
' kks
Hkukeq
fDr%l q
eq
fDrLrL; k%l q
eq
DR
; k%i z
nkrkl q
eq
fDri znkrkrLeS
lq
eq
fDri znk=sue%
A
t xkR
oos
=&
s t xr%l a
l kjL; vf[ kyrokfu os
fkt kukfr ; ksl kSt xkR
ooskk
l Uefrft usU
LrLeSt xkR
oos
=s uekseeA v"VdekZ
fj ga
=sKkukoj .kk| "VdeZ
' k=w
u~
gfU
r ; %l v"VdekZ
fj ga
r k rLeSv"VdekZ
fj ga
=sue%
Ai q
u' p ' yks
dL; kfUrepj .ks
u
dFk; fr dof; =h&
f' koJh l q
Hk=s
Zf' ko , o Jh%
y{eh f' koJh%rL; k%f' kofJ; %
lq
&
lq
LBq
r ; k mkej hR
; k foHkfrZi z
kIuks
fr ; ks
l kSf' koJhl q
HkkkZrLeSf' koJhl q
Hk=s
Z
ueks
Lrqvt l z
al rrauekE;gfefr vfHki z
k; %
A
' yksdL; kfHki zk; ks; e~Jho) Z
ekuft usUnz%l eLr deZ
' k=w
u~uk' kf; Rok
vuU
rl q
[ keokIuksr~rnuUrj es
o t xr%i z
kf.kH;%l q
[ kkfndankrq
al eFkks
Hkor~
Z
A; | fi
ohrj kxhHkxoku~fdefi u dj ks
fr i j s
"kkarFkkfi Lrq
r kSrqO
; ogkju; L; kJ; s
. kbnefi
dFkue~u nks
"kk; vfi rqvuq
Hk; Hkk"k; k xq
. k; q
Drfene~
A
Hkxor%HkfDrl kns
u kf.kuka' kq
HkdekZ
f.k Lo; es
o ' kq
Hk: i s
. k i fj .kefUr
rr' p i j ekFkZ
fl f) HkZ
ofr vr, o HkxoU
raegkohjagrkZdrkZ/kkrki znkrkos
kkgUrk
HkrkZp onUrhKkuerhekrk rL; i n; q
xye~i z.kefr v=A

fgUnhVhdk&
^^ueksLrq
** bl f; ki n ds}kjkO
; k[ ; ku fd; kt krkgS
A
fdl sueks
Lrqdj rk gw
\ , s
l k i z'u gksusi j dgrsgS
afd t ksl a
l kjh
i zkf.k; ks
adsnks"kksadkgj .kdj usokysgS
amu ^^t xn~
nks"kgrkZ
** dksueksLrq
djrkgw
Ai q
u' p t xr~dsi zkf.k; ksadkst ksl q
[ khdjrsgS
a
Amu ^^t xR
l kS
[ ; drkZ
**
dksesjkueLdkj gks
os
A' yks
d dsbl i zFke pj .kdkvfHki z
k; ; g gSfd
vi us,oal a
l kjhHkkfdks
adst U
e&
ej .kkfn nks
"kks
adksgj uses
at ksl eFkZ
gS
amu egkohj ft us
U
nzdkses
j k ueLdkj gks
os
A
iq
u%fdl dkj.kmu ohj Hkxoku dksl cds} kjkueLdkj fd; k
t krkgS\ t ksl PpsekxZ
&
eks{kekxZdsfo/kkrkgS
amu ^^l q
ekxZ
/kkrk** fo' ks"k.k
okysegkohj Hkxoku dksueLdkj gksos]l q
Unj eq
fDr dksns
usokys^^l q
eq
fDr
i znkrk** dksueLdkj gks
os
A
t ksl a
l kj dsl eLr rR
oks
adkst kursgS
amu ^^t xkR
ooskk** l U
efr

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

111

ft usUnzdksesjkueLdkj gksosAft Ugks

a
usKkukoj .kkfn vkBks
adeks
dksu"V
dj fn; kgS
Amu ^^v"VdekZ
fj gU
rk** dkses
j kueLdkj gks
osAi q
u%' yks
d
dsvfU
re pj .k es
adfof; =hdgrhgS
afd ft U
gks
a
useks{ky{ehdksmke
j hfr l si zkIr dj fy; kgSmu ^^f' koJhl q
HkrkZ
** dkseS
al rr ueu dj rk
gw
, slkvfHki zk; gq
v kA
' yksd dk vfHki z
k; ; g gSfd Jh o) Z
eku ft us
U
nzusl eLr
deZ
' k=q
v ksadksuk'kdj vuUrl q
[ kdksi zkIr fd; kml dsi ' pkr~ght xr~
dsi z
kf.k; ksadksl q
[ kkfn ns
usesal eFkZgq
, A; | fi ohrj kxhHkxoku~nw
l j ksadk
dq
N Hkh dj rsughagS
afQj Hkh Lrq
fr esaO
; ogkju; l s; g dFku Hkh
nks
"kkLi n ughagSvfi rqvuq
Hk; Hkk"kk ds} kjk ; g dguk l R
; ghgS
A
Hkxoku~dh HkfDr dsi z
l kn l si z
kf.k; ksadsv' kq
HkdeZLo; es
o
' kq
Hk: i l si fj .kr gkst krsgS
avkS
j rc i j ekFkZdhfl f) gksrhgSvr, o
JhKkuerhekrkt hHkxoku egkohj LokehdksgrkZ
] drkZ
] /kkrk] i z
nkrk]
oskk] gUrkvkS
j HkkkZdgrhgq
bZmudspj .k;x
qy es
aueLdkj dj rhgS
A
a

} } } } }

l EizR
; fLr u ' kkfU
rl kxj eq
fu%pkfj =pdzhxq
#%
A
r} kp%' kq
Hkekl rs
= xf.kuhekrq
%i z
; kl s
u pAA
; kj R
u=; /kkfj .khJq
r oj krL; k%l ekyEcus
A
oUnsgaLokR
eS
dl k/kuj rkaJhKkueR
; kf; Z
dke~AA
&vkf; Z
dkpUnukerh

29
i `FohNUn &
vua
r Hkol a
dVsTofyr nq
%
[ knkokuys
]
fofp=t ul a
dq
ysegfr Hkhdj sl a
l `r kS
A
Hkz
ea
fr ft u ! ns
fguksfofo/kdeZ
i kdks
n; kr~
]
r ,o [kyq; kfUr HkfDro' kr%l q
l kS
[ ; kLi na
A
nq
[ k nkokuy dhTokyk l s
] Tofyr vuUrsHko ou es
a
A
vuUr i z
k.khx.kl sO
; kfi r] egkHk; a
dj bl t x es
a
AA
fofo/k fofo/k [ ky deZmn; l s
] HkVd j gst u >q
yl j gs
q
A
; fn ost u ro HkfDr dj s
a
] fuf' pr vuq
ie iniz
kIr dj s
a
AA
vUo; kFkZ%
&

ft u ! ns
fgu%fofo/kdeZ
i kdks
n; kr~vuUrHkol a
dVs
Tofyrnq
%
[ knkokuysfofp=t ul a
dq
ysHkhdj segfr l a
l `r kSHkz
efUrgs
Hkxou~ft us
U
nzns
o! l a
l kjhi z
k.khukuki zdkj dsdeks
n; o' kvuUrl a
Z
l kj
: i hl a
dVes
] nq
a
%
[ kksadht yrhgq
bZnkokuy vfXu es
avkS
j fofp= i z
kf.k; ks
a
dsl ew
g: i Hk; a
dj egkl a
l kj es
aHkz
e.k dj j gsgS
A
a

r , o [ kyqHkfDro' kr%l q
l kS
[ ; kLi na; kfUrAosi z
k.khgh; fn
dHkhHkfDro' k gks
r sgS
arc l q
Unj l q
[ k dsLFkku&
eks
{ki n dksi z
kIr dj
ys
r sgS
A
a
la
Ld`r Vhdk&
ft u! gsft usUnz! ns
fgu%l a
l kfj i zkf.kuksfofo/kdeZ
i kdksn; kr~fofo deZ
. kka
i kd%foi kd%r s"kkeH; q
n; ks fofo/kdeZ
i kdksn; LrLekr~ fofo/kdeZ
i kdksn; kr ~
Kkukoj .kkfnukuki z
dkjdeksZ
n; o' kkr~
] vuUrHkol a
dVsu vU
r%; L; HkoL; l a
l kjL; kl kS
vuUrHkoLrfLeUus
ola
dVsvuUrHkol a
dVsl a
l kfj .kks
ukfndkykr~Hkz
efUrA
iq
u' p dFkEHkw
r sl a
l kjsHkz
efUr t uk%\ Tofyrnq
%
[ knkokuysTofyrkfu
iz
Tofyrkfu nq
%
[ kkU;s
o nkokuy bg ; fLeu~t xfr rfLeu~Tofyrnq
%
[ knkokuys
]

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

113

fofp=t ul a
dq
ys p ukukt Urq
fHk' pr q
xZ
fr i zkf.kfHk%l a
dq
fyr ks Hkfj r ks ; =kl kS
fofp=t ul a
dq
yLrfLeu~fofp=t ul a
dq
ys
] Hkhdj &
s Hk; a
dj s
] egfr l a
l `r kSfo' kkyl a
l kjs
Hkz
efUr i fj Hkz
e.kadq
oZ
fUrA
r , o [ kyq
&
fu' p; s
u rsi z
kf.ku , o] HkfDro' kr%
&
ft uoj HkfDro' kkr~
]
lq
l kS
[ ; kLi na
&
lq
"Bq
%Js
"Bl kS
[ ; L; kLi nai j ei na; kfUr&
iz
kIuq
ofUrA
' yks
dL; kfHki zk; ks; e~eR
l n`'kk%vl a
[;l a
l kfj i z
kf.kuks nq
"Vdeks
n; o' kkr~
Z
egknq
%
[ kLo: i sl a
l kjsprq
xZ
fr"kqHkz
efUrA rsl a
l kfj .k , o ; fn dnkfpr~ft us
U
L;
HkfDradq
oZ
fUr Hkxor%' kj.ka; kfUr p rnkes
. kdekZ
f.kf' kfFkyhd`R
; i j ei nefi
iz
kIuq
ofUrA
mDre~p i w
T; i knLokfeuk &

, dkfi l eFks
; aft uHkfDrnq
Z
x
ZfZrafuokj f; rq
e~
A
iq
. ; kfu p i w
j f; rq
ankrq
aeq
fDrfJ; ad`fru%
AA
bne~rkR
i;Z
a; r~, dkfi ft uHkfDr%l eLrnq
xZ
r hukafuokfj dk vfLr
iq
. ; kfu p i w
j f; rq
al k , o i w
. kZ
{kek vfLr] i q
u' p es
. k eq
fDry{ehankrq
al eFkkZ
HkfDr%
Aveq
esokfHki zk; aJhKkuerhekrkvfLeu~i `FohNUnfl i zn' kZ
; fr Lo; efi p
l k ft uHkfDr{ks
=sbUnz
/ot &dYinz
q
ekfnfofo/kea
Myfo/kkukukac`gR
dk; xzUFkku~foj P;
vi w
oZ
dk; Z
edj ks
r~
A o; efi ; fn fut t housHkfDradfj "; ke%rfgZi j ei nai zkIra
q
{kek Hkfo"; ke%
A

fgUnhVhdk&
gsft us
UnzHkxoku~! l a
l kjhi z
k.khvus
d iz
dkj dsdeks
n;
Z
dsdkj.k vukfndky l sbl vuUr l a
l kj es
aHkz
e.k dj j gsgS
A
a
iq
u%fdl i z
dkj dsl a
l kj es
ai zk.khHkz
e.k dj rsgS
a\ nq
%
[kksadh
nkokuy vfXu t gki zTofyr gksj ghgSrFkkprq
xZ
fr dsi z
kf.k; ksal st ksHkjk
gq
v kgS,slsHk; a
dj fo' kky l a
l kj esai z
k.kh?kw
e j gsgS
&
aHkze.kdj j gsgS
a
A
osi z
k.khghi q
u%ft uoj HkfDr dso' k l svuUrl q
[ k dsLFkku
: i eks
{k/kke dksi z
kIr dj ys
r sgS
A
a
' yks
d dk vfHki z
k; ; g gSfd eq
> t lSsvl a
[;i z
k.khnq
"V deks

dsmn; o' k egknq

%
[ k Lo: i prq
xZ
fr l a
l kj es
aHkz
e.k dj j gsgS
Aosgh
a

114

iz
k.kh; fn dnkfpr~ft us
Unz
HkfDr dkvkJ; ysys
r sgS
avkS
j Hkxoku dh
' kj.k es
avk t krsgS
arc e&e l sdeks
dksf' kfFky dj dsi j ei n
iz
kIr dj ys
r sgS
A
a
vkpk; ZJhi w
T; i kn Lokehusdgk HkhgS
&
' yks
dkFk&
Z ft us
UnzHkxoku~dhHkfDr , d vds
yhghl eLr i z
kf.k; ks
adh
nq
xZ
fr; ks
adk fuokj.k dj uses
al eFkZgSvkS
j og i q
. ; dksi w
. kZdj ds
eq
fDry{ehns
uses
aHkhl eFkZgS
A
; gk rkR
i ; Z; g gSfd , d ft uHkfDr ghnq
xZ
fr; ka
sdk fuokj.k
dj uses
al {ke gSrFkk i q
. ; dksi w
fj r dj uses
al eFkZgS
] iq
u%e
l seq
fDry{eh dksi z
nku dj uses
aHkh og HkfDr l eFkZgS
A vkf; Z
dk
Jh Kkuerh ekrkt h usml h vfHki z
k; dksbl i `Foh NUn es
an' kkZ
;k
gSvkS
j Lo; aHkh mUgks
usft us
a
UnzHkfDr ds{ks
= es
abUnz
/ot ] dYinz
e
q
vkfn vus
d iw
t u ea
My fo/kkuks
adsc`gR
dk; dkO
; xz
UFkks
adksj pdj
vi w
oZdk; Zfd; k gS
A
ge yks
x Hkh; fn vi ust hou es
aft uHkfDr dj s
xsrksfuf' pr gh
a
i j ei n i z
kIr dj uses
al {ke gksl ds
xs
a
A

} } } } }
ft udsmj es
ady&dy cgrh] xa
xkdhfueZ
y /kkj kA
R
; kx vkS
j ' kq
HkKku ef.kl s]ft uusfut dksJ`a
xkjkAA
opuks
adseks
r hfc[ kj krha
] ;q
x dhi gyhckyl rhA
es
j k ' kr oUnu Lohdkj ks
] xf.kuhekrk KkuerhAA
&vkf; Z
dkpUnukerh

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

30
i `FohNUn %
&
f=yksdfogj n~
fxyR
l dynsfguaHkhfrna
]
e`xsUnzfeo l a
eq
[ ka[ kyqfoyks
D; Hkhea; ee~
A
foHks
fr u fg HkkfdLro Hkos
f) e`R
;q
t ; %
]
ueksLrqe`frgku; senuft Pp e`R
;q
t ; AA
rhu ykd
s es
a?kw
e&?kw
e dj ] fuxy j gkl c i z
k.khx.kA
w
j fl a
g l e egkHk; a
dj ] dky ' k=ql Eeq
[ ky[ kdj AA
ml dksHkhro HkDr t hrdj ] e`R
;q
t ; cu t krsgS
a
A
Lej ft r~! e`R
;q
t ; ! ueks
Lrqee e`R
; quk'kdsgs
r qgS
a
AA
vUo; kFkZ%
&
e`R
;q
t ; ! ro Hkkfd%f=ykd
sfogj n~
fxyR
l dyns
fgua
Hkhfrnae`xs
Unz
abo Hkhea; ea[ kyql Ueq
[ kafoyks
D; u fg foHks
frgs
e`R
;q
t ; hHkxou~! vki dkHk rhuks
ayks
dks
aes
afogj .kdj rsgq
, iz
kf.k; ks
a
dksHk; d
aj fl a
g dsl eku fuxyrsgq
, dky' k=qdksvi usl keusns
[ kdj
HkhMjrk ughagS
A
e`R
;q
t ; %fg Hkos
r~
cfYd og Hkhe`R
;q
t ; hcu
t krk gS
A
enuft r~! e`frgku; sueks
Lrq
gsdkens
ofot ; hHkxou~!
e`R
; quk'k dj usgs
r qeS
avki dksueLdkj dj rk gw
A
la
Ld`r Vhdk&
u fg foHks
fr Hk; au i z
kIuks
frAd%dafoyks
D; u foHks
fr bfr i z
' us
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116

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r kgS\ , s
l ki z
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l E;Xn`f"V Jkod
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A
fdl i z
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} } } } }
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ohj Kkuks
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31
i `FohNUn %
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%
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ft us
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ra
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ruq/ku i q
= fe= Hkk; kZx`g] vkfn l Hkhes
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mudk bl fo/kfo"k; ks
a
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aghQa
l kgq
v kl a
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ufgai kdj i j ekR
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a
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ekt x es
anq
%
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gsft us
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Egkj h] xghdj ksj {kk >fVrhAA
vUo; kFkZ%
&
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es
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A

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%
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%
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kIr fd; kgS
ft us
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usvc vki dh' kj.kysyhgSvki es
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dfj , A
la
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118

fuf' pr: i s
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} } } } }

ohj Kkuks
n; xz
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32
iF
`ohNUn %
&
dnkfpnfi yfC/kr%Lo; fegka
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ekHkoe~
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fn~
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uhUnz! i j ekR
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Dofpr~dnkfpr~dkyyfC/kl s
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ekdksfu' p; u; l s
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iw
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&
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r j kR
ekvHkoe~

dnkfpr~dkyyfC
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aLo; avU
rj kR
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rnkp bg l dyi ; Z
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eq
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120

l fr i `FohNU
nl %r`r h;pj .ksdFk; fr JhKkuerhekrk] gsft usU
nz! Loefi&
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k; %
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} } } } }
Kkuerhdksfur uew
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ohj Kkuks
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33
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R
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122

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adsdYio`{kgS
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a
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A

lx
qq
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124

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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
UFkekyk

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ueks
Lrqft ui q
a
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a
xo ! ft uo/ke
Zku ! gsi z
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>dksl Uefr nksft uohjAA
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&
l dyyks
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126

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L; Lros
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d`"V i n i z
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ohj Kkuks
n; xz
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