tqdkrSm ax&0g'usrf;rsm; odkYr[kwf oD[dkVftpOft
vm odkYr[kwf ax&0g'tpOftvmudk tajccHonf/
Ak'¨omoemouú&mZf
t&Sifauvmo
jrwfAk'¨y&dedAÁmefpHonfhESpfrSpí omoemouú&mZf 1-
tjzpf pwifa&wGufcJhonfrSm tpOftvmrSwfom;
csuft& ,aeY (jrefrmouú&mZf 1356 ckESpf) qdkvQif
ESpfaygif; 2548 ESpfajrmufodkY a&mufcJhNyD jzpfonf/
c&pfouú&mZfESihf,SOfíqdk&rl a&mufqJ c&pf 2004
ckESpfudk omoem 2548 rS Ekwfaomf 544-ESpf usef
onf/ ,if;onf c&pfrwdkifrDESpf odkYr[kwf bDpDESpf
jzpfojzihf bDpD 544 onf Ak'¨jrwfpGm y&dedAÁmefpHaom
ESpfjzpfonf/ y&dedAÁmefpHonfhESpfudkEkwfí oufawmf
80-udk xnfhaygif;aomf (543+80=623) bDpD 623
jzpfonf/ ,if;ckESpfudk oD[dkVf? jrefrm? ,dk;',m;?
uarÇm'D;,m;? vmtdkpaom ax&0g'Ak'¨bmomEdkifiH
rsm;ü jrwfAk'¨zGm;jrifawmfrlaomESpftjzpf twnfjyK
vufcHMuonf/
þonfrSm oD&dvuFmEdkifiHESihfAk'¨omoem ordkif;
OD;udkazmfjyaom r[m0Housrf;ESihftnDjzpfonf/ ,if;
usrf;udk oD&dvuFmEdkifiH tEk&m"NrdKU&Sd r[m0d[m&
ausmif;wdkufü a&;om;cJhNyD; oD[dkVfbmom r[m0Ho
rl&if;usrf;rSm t|uxmusrf;rsm;rwdkifrD tawmfa&S;
usonhfumvuyif r[m0Ho[laomtrnf odkYr[kwf
tjcm; trnfwpfrsKd;jzihf wnf&SdcJhonf[k qdkonf/
t&Sifr[mAk'¨aCmo\ 0dok'¨dr*¾t|uxmudkyif
a0zefcJhonhf o'¨r®yÜumoeDtrnf&Sd y#dorÇd'gr*¾t|
uxmusrf;jyK t&Sifr[memronf yZÆya'g½k0Ho ac:
ygVdbmom r[m0Ho (yxrydkif;)udk &;om;cJhaMumif;
ynm&SifwdkYvufcHMuonf/ o'¨r®yÜumoeDudk yxr
arm*¾v’merif; (at'D 495-513) uG,fvGefNyD;aemuf
okH;ESpftMum (at'D 516)wGif a&;NyD;onf/ odkYjzpfí
ygVdbmom r[m0Housrf;udkvnf; o'¨r®yÜumoeDESihf
ra&S;raESmif;rSmyif a&;om;cJhzG,f&Sdonf/
r[m0d[m&ausmif;wdkufum; ax&0g'Ak'¨bmom
\XmecsKyfjzpfonf/ odkYjzpfí ax&0g'EdkifiHtm;vkH;
onf a0zefjiif;qdkcsufr&SdbJ r[m0HoESihf ,if;usrf;
tquf plV0Hoüazmfjyonhf ckESpfpOftwdkif; rSwf,lokH;
pGJMuonf/ r[m0d[m&ausmif;wdkuf rax&fpOfquf
rSwf,lvmonhftwdkif;yif ax&0g't|uxmusrf;
rsm;üvnf; r[m0HotqdkESihf wlnDMuonf/ odkYjzpfí
Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwf bDpD 623 wGif zGm;jrifonf[laom
1
oD[dkVfbk&if yxry&uúrAm[krif;onf Ak'¨y&d
edAÁmefpHNyD;aemuf 1697-ESpf ajrmufwGif tbdodufcH
aMumif; ¤if;a&;xdk;aomausmufpmü qdkonf/ ,if;
onf oD[dkVfordkif;t& at'D 1153-jzpfonf/ xdkY
aMumihf Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpfudk bDpD 544-jzpfaMumif;
(1697-1153=544) qdkvdk&ma&mufonf/ y&uúrAm[k
ausmufpm&ufpGJrSm tdE´d,awmifydkif; Arpakkama a'o
Tiruvalisvara bk&m;ausmif; ausmufpmESifhudkufnDonf/
plV0Housrf;(56;16)ü y&uúrAm[k eef;pHESpfESihf
,if;rwdkifrD rif;quf 6-qufajrmuf y&uúry@Krif;
eef;pHESpf ESpfck\ tMum;umvudk 107-ESpf[kqdkonf/
yxry&uúreef;pHESpf(Ak'¨ESpf 1697)rS aemufodkY jyefa&
aomf 1590 jzpfonf/ ,if;onf oD[dkVfordkif;t&
at'D 1046 jzpfonf/ wpfzef tdE´d,awmifydkif;
Manimangalam ausmufpmESifhvnf; xyfwlnDonf/
,if;ausmufpmü apmVbk&if yxr&mZm"d&mZonf
oD[dkVfbk&if y&uúry@Kudk Ak'¨ESpf 1590 (at'D
1046)wGif uGyfrsufaMumif; qdkxm;onf/ plV0Hoü
y&uúry@Keef;oufudk 2-ESpf jyaomfvnf; ausmufpm
ü tbddodufcHonhfESpfESihf uGyfrsufonhfESpfudk twlwl
qdkonf/ þonfrSm Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpfudk bDpD 544
jzpfaMumif; (1590-1046=544) qdkvdk&ma&mufonf/
txufyg azmfjycsufrsm;t& om&w¬#Dum&SifwdkY
acwf at'D 12-&mpkESpfv,favmufxd oD[dkVfü Ak'¨
y&dedAÁmefpHESpfudk ,aeY jrefrmtygt0if ax&0g'EdkifiH
wdkYü tokH;jyKaeonhftwdkif; c&pfray:rD 544 tjzpf
ruGJrjym; twnf jyKqJjzpfaMumif; rSwfom;&onf/
odkY&mwGif bDpD 623 wGif jrwfAk'¨zGm;jrifonf[l
aomtqdkESifh ywfoufí xnhfoGif;pOf;pm;&rnfh t
axmuftxm;rsm;udk ,cktcg ynm&SifwdkY awGY&Sdvm
Muonf/ r[m0HoESifh t|uxmusrf;rsm;tqdk? rZÑdr
a'orif;quf? urÇmhordkif;rSwfwrf;rsm;? oH*g,em
rSwfwrf;rsm;? q&mpOfazmfjycsuf? taomuausmuf
pm? ajrmufydkif;Ak'¨bmomrSwfwrf;rsm;? tdE´d,awmif
ydkif;rS a&S;a[mif;ausmufpmtcsKdUwdkYudk ñSdEIdif;wdkuf
qdkifNyD;aemuf ,if;odkYawGY&Sdvm&jcif;jzpfonf/
¤if;wdkYu bDpD 563 wGif jrwfAk'¨zGm;jrifonf[k
,lqMuonf/ ,if;t,ltqvnf; r[m0Hoüazmfjy
onhf tpOftvm,lqcsufudkyif tajccHjyefonf/
twdtusqdkaomf r[m0Ho(5;21)üazmfjyonfh bk&if
taomuonf Ak'¨&Sifawmfjrwf y&dedAÁmefpHNyD;aemuf
218-ESpf tMumwGif eef;wufonf[laom tcsufudk
yif tajccHjcif; jzpfonf/
r[m0Hotvdkt& tZmwowåK (Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefrpH
rD 8+ pHNyD;aemuf) 24? O',b'´ 16? tEk½k'¨ ESihf rk@
8? em*'gou 24? okokem* 18? umVmaomu 28?
¤if;\om; q,fa,muf 22? eE´rif;om; udk;a,muf
22? pE´*kwå 24? AdE´Kom& 28? taomu tbdoduf
rcHrD 4+eef;pH 18? aygif; Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHNyD;aemuf 236-
tMumwGif taomu\om;awmf ([l,ifqefrSwfwrf;
tvdk taomu\nDawmf) t&Sifr[dE´ oD&dvuFmodkY
a&mufonf(r[m0Ho? 2;31-32? 4;1-7? 5;14-18)/
t&Sifr[dE´ oD[dkVfa&mufESpf 236 rS taomu
eef;ouf 18-ESpfudkEkwfaomf taomueef;wufESpfrSm
218-jzpfonf/ taomuonf AdE´Kom&\om;jzpfNyD;
pE´*kwårSm AdE´Kom&\bcif taomu\bdk;awmf jzpf
onf/ taomuonf eef;&NyD; 4-ESpfMumrS tbdoduf
cHonf(r[m0Ho? 5;100-101/ 0d-| 1? 54)/ bdk;awmf
pE´*kwåarm&d,rif;onf Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHNyD;aemuf 162-
ESpf tMum (218–56) wGif eef;pdkufonf/ ,if;onf
tdE´d,ordkif;t& bDpD 321 wGif jzpfonf/ ,if;t&rl
Ak'¨ y&dedAÁmefpHonhfESpfrSm (321+162) = 483 jzpf
onf/ oufawmf 80 aygif;rl jrwfAk'¨ arG;zGm;ESpfrSm
bDpD 563 jzpfonf/
urÇmhordkif;t& *&dbk&if tvufpE´mo*&dwf
onf bDpD 327 wGif tdE´d,taemufajrmufydkif;udk
wdkufcdkufonf/ bDpD 325 wGif yef*syfjynfe,ftxd
atmifEdkifcJhonf/ tvufpE´mo*&dwfonf tdE´d,rS
tjyef bDpD 323 wGif vrf;c&D;ü uG,fvGefonf/ ,if;
\tquftEG,frsm;udk tdE´d,bk&if pE´*kwåarm&d,
rif;u awmfvSefESdrfeif;cJhonf/
pE´*kwåarm&d,onf r*"bk&if eE´rif;rsm;udk ESdrf
eif;í rif;jyKvmoljzpfonf/ ¤if;onf aemiftcg
*sdef;bkef;BuD; tjzpfcH,lNyD; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm tpmrpm;
bJusihfNyD;aemuf uG,fvGefcJhaMumif;tqkd&Sdonf/ ¤if;\
om; AdE´Kom&arm&d,onf tdE´d,awmifydkif; rdkifqdk&D
(Mysore)a'otxd tkyfcsKyfEdkifcJhonf/ AdE´Kom&\om;
taomuonf ¤if;\bcifuG,fvGefNyD;aemuf av;ESpf
tMumwGif xD;eef;pdkufNyD; tdE´d,udk 37-ESpfMum tkyf
csKyfonf/ taomuonf tdE´d,awmifzsm; uvd*F
wdkif; (,ck Mo&dó)txd tifyg&mudk wdk;csJUEdkifcJhonf/
taomuuG,fvGefNyD;aemuf arm&d,tifyg&m NydKuGJ
oGm;onf/ ¤if;\om;rsm;u tdE´d,EdkifiHudk cGJjcrf;
tkyfcsKyfcJhMuonf[k tdE´d,ordkif;wdkYuqdkonf/
2
pE´*kwåonf taomuxuf 56-ESpf apmonf/
xdktcsdefu taomurif; rarG;zGm;ao;[k tdE´d,
ordkif;ESihf urÇmhordkif;rSwfwrf;rsm;üqdkonf/
xdkYaMumihf omoemouú&mZfonf bDpD 544 wGif
pwifonf[k,lqvQif taomuESihf tvufpE´mwdkYudk
acwfNydKif[k qdk&vdrhfrnf/ odkYaomf pE´*kwåESihf tvuf
pE´macwfNydKif[kqdkxm;aom urÇmhordkif;tqdkESihfrl qefY
usifonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;wGif oD[dkVf? jrefrm? ,kd;',m;
paom ax&0g'EdkifiHwdkYü bDpD 544 udk omoemESpf
(Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpf)tjzpf owfrSwfjcif;ü pOf;pm;zG,f
wpf&yfygEdkifonf[k ordkif;ynm&SifwdkY wGufqcsufudk
pOf;pm;&rnfh tajctaejzpfvmonf/
ygarmu© 0DvsH*dkif*g (Wilhelm Geiger) onf 1907
ckESpfwGif r[m0HoygVdudk t*FvdyfbmomjyefNyD; ,if;
r[m0HoygVdordkif;usrf;\ tqdkwpfcsKdUudk a0zefokH;
oyfcJhonf/ *kdif*gonf r[m0HorS wdrfjrKyfcsufrsm;?
rSm;,Gif;csufrsm;udk axmufjycJhonf/ xdkYjyif r[m0Ho
tquf plV0Housrf;rS uGJvGJcsufwpfcsKdUudkvnf; azmf
xkwfcJhonf/ *dkif*gtvdkt& 62-ESpfcefY ydkxGufvmNyD;
,if;onf at'D 1000 cefYwGif apmVwdkif;om;wdkY oD&d
vuFmudk usL;ausmfonhf tcsdefwGifjzpfonf/
plV0Ho(53;40)ü wwd,O', bk&ifESifh y&uúr
y@Kbk&ifwdkY tMum;umvudk 93-ESpfESihf 8-&uf[k
qdkonf/ y&uúry@Konf Ak'¨ESpf 1590 wGif eef;
pdkufNyD; wwd,O',rl Ak'¨ESpf 1497 wGif eef;pHonf/
wwd,O',rif;onf tdE´d,awmifykdif; Tanjore e,frS
apmVbk&if &mZd`E´&mZapmVa'0ESihf acwfNydKifonf/
apmVa'0a&;xdk;cJhonfh ausmufpmü plV0Ho(ñTef;NyD;)
uJhodkYyif wwd,O',bk&if eef;pHNyD;pwGif apmVwdkif;
om;wdkY oD&dvuFmodkY ppfcsDjcif;taMumif;udkazmfjy
onf/ apmVa'0\ eef;wufESpfudk at'D 1011 ukef
cgeD;ESihf 1012 ESpfv,fydkif;[k tdE´d,ordkif;q&mwdkYqdk
onf/ apmVwdkY oD[dkVfodkY ppfcsDonfrSm apmVa'0rif;
eef;pH 4-ESpfESihf 6-ESpfajrmuf(at'D 1015 ESihf 1018)
wGifjzpfonf/ ,if;onf plV0Housrf;vm wwd,O',
eef;pHESpf 1497(Ak'¨ESpf)ESihf wlnDaeonf/ Ak'¨ESpf 1497
rS at'D 1015 udk Ekwfaomf 482 usefonf/ ,if;
udef;onf Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpfrSm bDpD 483 jzpfaMumif;
t"dyÜg,foufa&mufaponf/
wwd,O',bk&ifrSpí yxry&uúAm[krif; wdkif
atmif taMumif;t&mrsm;udk tao;pdwfa&;om;cJhol
plV0Ho usrf;jyKq&monf wwd,O',eef;wufESpfudk
Ak'¨ESpf 1497 (at'D 1015)? y&uúry@Keef;wuff
ESpfudk ,if; 1590 (at'D 1046)? yxry&uúrAm[k
eef;wufESpfudk ,if; 1697 (at'D 1153) [kazmfjy
cJhaomfvnf; wwd,O',eef;wufESpfrSm usefbk&if
ESpfyg;eef;wufESpfESihf rwlonhftajccH (ordkif;rSwfwrf;
rsm;)rS vmaMumif; owdrjyKrdcJhacs/ wwd,O',ESifh
y&uúrb@KtMum; ¤if;u 93-Mumonfqdkaomfvnf;
trSeftm;jzihf 31-ESpf (at'D 1015-1046)om uGm
aMumif; awGY&onf/
,if;odkY 62-ESpf ydkxGufvmjcif;rSm rnfonhfrif;
qufwGifjzpfonf[k twdtusqdk&ef cJ,Of;aMumif;
qdkNyD; oHo,jzpfEdkifzG,f&Sdonhf a&S;rif;quftcsKdUudk
*dkif*gu a0zefokH;oyfcJhonf/
¤if;tvdkt& 0dZ,rS a'0geHyd,wdórif; wkdif
atmif a&S;OD;ydkif;oD[dkVfordkif;ü rSm;,Gif;rI&SdEdkifonf/
0dZ,bk&if oD[dkVfodkYa&mufonhfESpfudk Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpH
onhfESpfESihf xyfwljyKxm;onf/ y@Kumb,ESihf rk#
od0bk&ifrsm;\ eef;oufazmfjycsuf rSm;,Gif;Edkifonf/
y@K0goka'0ruG,fvGefrD ESpftenf;i,fwGifrS ¤if;\
om; y@Kumb,arG;zGm;onf/ y@Kumb, rif;rjyK
EdkifrD OD;av;jzpfol tb,rif; 20-ESpf eef;pHonf/
,if;aemuf rif;r&SdbJ 17-ESpf Mumonf/ y@Kumb,
rif;jyKaom tcg touf 37-ESpf &SdNyD/ eef;ouf 70-
ESpf Mumonf/ xdkYaMumifh þrif; touf 107-ESpf
&Snfonf/ ,if;odkYjzpfjcif;rSm obm0rusacs/
y@Kumb,udk ¤if;\om; rk#od0 qufcHonf/
rk#od0onf y@Kumb, rif;rjzpfrD vufxyfcJhaom
rdzk&m;ok0PÖ0wDrS zGm;jrifoljzpfonf/ odkYjzpfí ¤if;
rif;jyKaomtcg tawmftweftouf BuD;&ifhNyD [kqdk
Edkifonf/ odkY&mwGif ¤if;onf eef;pHoufwrf; 60-
ESpf&SdcJhaMumif; r[m0Hoü qdkonf/
aemufwpfcsufrSm a'0geHyd,wdóonf rk#od0
\'kwd,om; jzpfonf/ ,if;onf xD;eef;&aomtcg
touft½G,f tawmftwefBuD;NyDjzpfonf/ ¤if;\ nD
okH;a,muf Owåd,? r[mod0ESifh ol&d,wdówdkYu
wpfa,mufudk 10-ESpfpD tkycf sKyfcJhMuonf/ xdkYjyif
'rdVESpfa,muf aoeESihf *kwådvwdkYu 12-ESpfMum
tkyfcsKyfcJhao;onf/ ,if;aemuf av;a,mufajrmuf
nDjzpfol taovrif;u 10-ESpfMum tkyfcsKyfjyefonf/
odkYjzpfí rk#od0bk&if\ om;av;a,muf tkyfcsKyfrI
oufwrf;rSm a'0geHyd,wdóeef;pHESpf 60-tygt0if
pkpkaygif; 92-ESpf Mumonf/
oD[dkVftpOftvmordkif;onf tcsKdUjzpfpOfrsm;udk
trSeftwdkif; xdef;odrf;xm;Edkifrnf jzpfaomfvnf;
3
bk&ifrif;wdkY\ eef;pHESpfrsm;ESihfywfoufírl 0dZ,rif;
oD[dkVfü eef;pHESpfudk Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpfESihf xyfwljzpf
atmif qGJqefYxm;zG,f&Sdonf[k *dkif*gu,lqcJhonf/
,if;odkY ,lqonhftwdkif; *dkif*gonf r[m0Ho
tqdk bDpD 544 ESpfrS (urÇmhordkif;ESihftnD) 61-ESpfudk
avQmhypfojzifh taemufwdkif; ygVdpmayynm&SifwdkY t
Mum;ü Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHonhfESpfonf bDpD 483 jzpfoGm;
NyD; Ak'¨zGm;jrifESpfudk bDpD 563 [k qdkMujcif;jzpfonf/
r[m0Hotqdkt& Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHonhfESpfwGif 0dZ
,rif; wrÁyPÖdodkYa&mufonf/ odkY&mwGif yxrqkH;
aom jA[®Dtu©&mjzihf a&;xdk;xm;onhf tEk&m"yk&NrdKU
&Sd qd&rf a'&ed,*gv(Siran Deraniyagala) ausmuf
pmt& tqdkyg0dZ,rif; oD[dkVfdokYda&mufcsdefonf bDpD
480-cefYwGif jzpfonf/ odkYjzpfí r[m0Hotvdk 0dZ,
bk&if oD[dkVfodkY a&mufonhfESpfESihf ,if;jymu&dwf
jA[®Dausmufpm tqdkwdkYrSm uGJvGJvsuf&Sdonf/ wpf
qufwnf;wGif *dkif*g\t,ltq(bDpD 563 Ak'¨zGm;)
udk axmufcHouJhodkYvnf; jzpfaejyefonf/
oD&dvuFmtpdk;&u t*Fvdyfbmomjzihf xkwfa0
onhf Ak'¨0g'pG,fpkHusrf;ESihf a'gufwm 0gvfydkvm&m[k
vm? a'gufwm *sDpD ref'dpfuJhodkYaom ordkif;ynm&Sif
rsm;onf bDpD 483 udk Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHonhf rSefuef
onhf ckESpftjzpf vufccH JhMuonf/ tu,fí þt,l
tqudk vufcHcJhvQif Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHonhf 2500-jynfh
(Ak'¨Z,EÅd) tcrf;tem;udk vmrnfh c&pfESpf 2017-
ckESpfwGif usif;y&vdrfhrnfjzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif r[m
0Hotqdktwdkif;yif oD&dvuFm? jrefrmESifh ,dk;',m;
EdkifiHwdkYü 1956 ckESpfwGif Ak'¨Z,EÅd tcrf;tem;rsm;udk
crf;em;pGm usif;ycJhNyD;jzpfonf/
Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpfjzifh owfrSwfonhf ordkif;pOf0if
yk*¾Kdvfrsm;rSm tpOftquf owfrSwfvmcJhjcif;jzpfí
,if;jzpf&yfrsm;udk c&pfESpfjzihfñSd,l&ef cJ,Of;Edkifonf/
*&dbk&if tvufpE´mo*&dwf tdE´d,EdkifiHudk usL;ausmf
odrf;ydkufonhfjzpf&yfonf omoemouú&mZfudk ESpfrsKd;
jzpfaponf/ *kdif*g\ bDpD 483 ckESpf Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpH
t,ltqonf acwfNydKifrdwfaqGrsm; jzpfMuonhf
taomuESihf a'0geHyd,wdówdkY\ acwfaemufydkif;
twGuf aqG;aEG;&efrvdk[k ,lqygonf/
r[m,meEdkifiHrsm;url bDpD 563 ESpfwGif jrwfAk'¨
arG;zGm;onf[laom t,ltqudk ESpfoufMuykH&onf/
urÇmhordkif;wGif ,if;odkY Ak'¨omoemouú&mZf ESpfrsKd;
jzpfae&jcif;rSm obm0rusonhfjyif Ak'¨bmomordkif;
udk avhvm&mü cufcJaponf/ odkY&mwGif ynm&SifwdkY
,lqonfqdkwkdif;vnf; rSefonf[líum; rqdkEdkifacs/
tcsKdUynm&Sifrsm;rSm wpfckaom &if;jrpfudk tajcjyKí
tptqkH; ajymif;jyefvSefypfvdkMuonf/
]Ak'¨omoemouú&mZftrSef}(Correct Buddhist Era)
trnf&Sd pmtkyfudka&;ol *sDtdwfcsfa'Zkdifqm(G. H. de
Zoysa)\ okawoejyKcsuft& bk&iftaomuonf
Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefjyKNyD;aemuf ESpfaygif; 116-ESpftMumwGif
eef;wufaMumif;qdkonf/ ¤if;tvdkrl r[m0Hotqdk
rSm;,Gif;NyD; Ak'¨&iS fawmfjrwf y&dedAÁmefpHonhfaeYrSmyif
0dZ,bk&if oD&dvuFmEdkifiHodkY a&mufonfqdkaom
r[m0Hoax&fBuD;rsm;\tqdkudk ñSd,lef ESpf 100-rQyif
uGm[oGm;onf/
,if;vQKdU0Sufcsufudk jyKjyif&ef ordkif;udk ESpf 100-
rQ jyKjyif&vdrfhrnfjzpfonf/ oD&dvuFmbk&ifokH;yg;jzpf
onhf rk#od0? y@Kumb,ESihf a'0geHyd,wdówdkY
touf 107? 120 ESihf 130 cefY&SnfcJhonf[kqdkEdkif
&efvnf; ¤if;wdkY\eef;pHESpfrsm;udk wdk;&vdrfhOD;rnf/
rpöwm Zdkifqmu ]r[m0HoAk'¨ESpftvdkt& txif&Sm;
qkH; ordkif;,kwådrwefrIrSm taomubk&ifESihf tvuf
pE´mbk&ifwdkY acwfNydKifusa&mufNyD; wpfcsdefwnf;wGif
pE´*kwåbk&ifacwfxuf &mpkESpf0ufrQ apmaeonfudk
awGY&jcif;jzpfonf} [kazmfjycJhonf/
Zkdifqm udk;um;cJhonhf acwfNydKifudk tajcjyKaom
acwfowfrSwfcsufoDtdk&DESihf rsKd;qufvlYoufwrf; oD
tdk&Dt& Ak'¨omoemESpf tppftrSefrSm bDpD 384-
jzpfonf/ ¤if;tvdkt& Ak'¨bmomEdkifiHwdkY tokH;jyKae
onhf tjcm;ESpfumvowfrSwfcsuf ESpfrsKd;vnf; rrSef
awmhacs/ ¤if;u r[m0Housrf;jyKq&mrsm;onf yxr
ESihf 'kwd,oH*g,emtMum; acwfudk &mpkESpf wpfck
tjzpf rSm;,Gif;pGm ykHzsufxm;onf[k qdkonf/
þodkYjzihf r[m0Housrf;jyKyk*¾Kdvfrsm;onf touf
120-&Snfonhfrax&f tenf;qkH; 8-yg; 'kwd,oH*g
,emodkYwufa&mufcJhaMumif; azmfjyonf/ ,if;rax&f
8-yg;onf Ak'¨bk&m;&Sifudk udk,fwdkifzl;ajrmfvdkuf&NyD;
pdwfydkif;t&a&m udk,fcE¨mt&yg usef;rmqJjzpfaMumif;
azmfjyonf/ rpöwmZdkifqmtqdkt&rl Ak'¨y&dedAÁmefpHNyD;
aemuf ESpf 60-cefY tMumwGif 'kwd,oH*g,emwif
onf/ ,if;oH*g,emwGif Ak'¨bk&m;&Siftm; udk,fwdkif
zl;jrifvdkufEdkifonhf rax&frsm;onf tenf;qkH; ouf
awmf 80-ESifh 90-&SdonfqdkvQif jzpfEdkifajc&Sdonf[k
¤if;u ,lqonf/
urÇmhtjzpftysuftm;vkH;ESifh ordkif;qdkif&m &ufpGJ
rsm;onf Zdkifqmqdkonhftwdkif; jzpfEdkifajcESihf wlnDjcif;
4
odkY usa&mufonf[kxif&jyefonf/ qdkvdkonfrSm Ak'¨
ouú&mZftrSefrSm ¤if;qdkwkif; bDpD 384 jzpfEdkifonf
[kjzpfonf/ tvufpE´mbk&if usL;ausmf0ifa&mufjcif;
ESifh taomu\oH½kH;wdkYudk 'kwd,ywdkavrD(Ptolemy II)?
tvufpE´&D;,m;NrdKUrS zDvma'zwfpf (Philadelphus)?
taomuausmufpm&ufpGJwdkYESihf ñSdí qdkxm;onf/
y@Kumb,? rk#od0ESifh a'0geHyd,wdówdkY\ eef;pH
oufwrf;rsm;udkvnf; r[m0Housrf;jyKyk*¾Kdvfrsm;\
tvdkESihf qefYusifvsuf 45? 35 ESihf 30 ESpfjzpfaMumif;
Zdkifqm\ usrf;pmüazmfjyxm;onf/
,if;usrf;tqdkudk Ak'¨bmomordkfif;ynm&Sifrsm;
ESihf pmayynm&Sifrsm;taejzihf *½kwpdkufavhvmNyD;
vufcH odkYr[kwf vufrcHEdkifvQif jyefvnfacsyoihf
ygonf/ *dkif*gtaejzihf r[m0HoAk'¨y&dedAÁmefpHESpf(bDpD
544)rS ¤if;tvdk ydkvmonfh 61-ESpfukd Ekwfypfjcif;rSm
vnf; tprStqkH;xd uGJvJGrIrsm;udk jzpfay:aponf/
,if;yk*¾KdvfwkdY\ a0zefcsufrsm;onf tjcm;aom
Ak'¨bmomynm&Sifrsm;ESihf ordkif;ynm&Sifrsm;\ pGrf;
&nfESihf rSefuefrIudk jyefvnfokH;oyfEdkif&ef pdefac:rI
wpf&yfyifjzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif Ak'¨bmomordkif;q&m
wdkYonf rSefuefonhfomoemouú&mZfESihf ywfoufí
,aeYwdkif oabmwlnDrI r&Edkifao;bJ&Sdonf/ ,if;
odkY Ak'¨omoemESpf rwdusjzpfaejcif;onf Ak'¨omoem
ordkif;udkavhvm&mü ½IyfaxG;aponf/
at'D 16-&mpk Oa&mytkyfcsKyfrItmPm atmuf
odkY ra&mufrDtcsdeftxd oD&dvuFmEdkifiHwGif Ak'¨om
oemouú&mZfudk tokH;jyKcJhNyD; ,ckrl c&pfESpfudkyif
wGifus,fpGm tokH;jyKvsuf&SdaMumif;od&onf/ ,aeY
jrefrmouú&mZf\ &if;jrpfvnf; trSefaomf omoem
ouú&mZfyif jzpfonf/ ESpfBudrfNzdKouú&mZf ESpf&yf
aygif; {u{ut|a'G;(1182)ESihf a&mufqJ aumZm
ouú&mZf 1366 udk aygif;aomf a&mufqJ omoemESpf
2548 jzpfaMumif;ESihf r[m0HotpOftvmudk vufcH
aMumif; (2548-2004=544) odEdkifonf/
Sources:
1. The Mahavamsa by W. Geiger
2. Correct Buddhist Era by G. H. de Zoysa
3. The Sunday Observer, Aug 18, 2002
--------------------------------------------
Ashin Kelasa
1651 E Manhatton Drive
Tempe, AZ 85282, USA.