Untitled

EF BLCBPHBDFD DB
B_OPM@MP
ONFPEB_ @RIAW_IM
FLFGPFHF
Zflarfhf db lfrrftmvfs

Tètuea db ef bdmomÿl armgmlfe;

Al Wrmtmlg

Bdmomÿl bl carhfta dmgmtfe; dmombh`rb db 0:0:

© mhfgbl db ou`mbrtf, _omblob & _aombty Zmoturb Em`rfry / Gbtty Mhfgbs, ©
O_F Mhfgbs / Sbttf
Sbttf / Gbtty Mhfgbs. Haltfkb
Ha ltfkb db Dmflb Zfrr

© db ef trfduoomÿl, F`be Db`rmtta, 0:0:

© Emldf Ebb @uiawsim, 0:62

© BDMTAPMFE FLFGPFHF, _.F., 0:0:
Zbdrÿ db ef Orbu, 2>
:>:?4 @frobealf

M_@L; =7>->4-??=-40:3-7

Oalvbrsmÿl f carhfta dmgmtfe; Lbwoahef`, _.E.

flfgrfhfJflfgrfhf-bd.bs
www.flfgrfhf-bd.bs

LATF DBE BDMTAP

Pbsuetf præotmofhbltb mhpasmèb rbpraduomr efs ofrtfs db @uiawsim db
hflbrf cmdbdmglf, yf qub huonfs db beefs oubltfl oal meustrfomalbs y
dmùkas9 fsmhmsha, bltrb 6=42 y 6=24 @uiawsim bsorm`mÿ smbhprb f hfla, y
bsfs ofrtfs pmbrdbl pfrtb db su bloflta fe trflsorm`mrsb (la par ofsufemdfd,
cub be pbrmada durfltb be oufe dmka, cfetflda f ef vbrdfd, qub la bsorm`mÿ
lfdf parqub bstf`f dbhfsmfda àrrfona, oaha sm tada be hftbrmfe
hflusormta cubrf paoa hbharfèb). _ml bh`frga, fegulfs db efs ofrtfs hæs
ofrfotbrèstmofs sb nfl rbpraduomda bl su tatfemdfd bl cfosèhme pfrf qub be
ebotar efs vbf tfe y oaha cubral bsormtfs.

Eas ofh`mas bdmtarmfebs rbfemzfdas nfl smda eas bstrmotfhbltb lbobsfrmas

oal be cml db rbspbtfr be pbouemfr bstmea db @uiawsim. _m `mbl su pultufomÿl
brf `fstfltb fobrtfdf, íe hmsha fdhmtmÿ bl luhbrasfs aofsmalbs qub su
artagrfcèf dbkf`f huona qub dbsbfr. Eas brrarbs artagræcmoas mlvaeultfrmas
sb nfl oarrbgmda, hmbltrfs qub eas brrarbs dbem`brfdas sb nfl hfltblmda
pfrf oalsbrvfr bl ef hbdmdf db ea pasmèb be rbgmstra armgmlfe. Fsmhmsha, sb

nfl ahmtmda eas blof`bzfhmbltas y efs dbspbdmdfs, yf qub ef grfl hfyarèf

brfl smhmefrbs. @uiawsim bsorm`èf ofrtfs f dmfrma, huonfs db beefs db vfrmfs
pægmlfs y sa`rb tbhfs qub paoa tblèfl qub vbr oal be frtb db bsorm`mr. Efs
ahmsmalbs bdmtarmfebs sb rbcebkfl bl be tbxta oal trbs pultas bltrb oaronbtbs.
Efs latfs bdmtarmfebs tfh`míl fpfrbobl bltrb oaronbtbs. @uiawsim bsorm`èf
eas tètueas
em`ras BL HF]Û_OREF_,
y bltrboahmeefdas bl be dby fquè fpfrboblyblrbeftas.
eas pabhfs oursmvfEfs
bl becbonfs
ofsa db eas
y eas
tètueas tfh`míl sb nfl larhfemzfda. Eas tètueas armgmlfebs sb nfl dbkfda bl
mlgeís bl be ofsa db la bxmstmr ulf trfduoomÿl fe ofstbeefla. Fpfrtb db bstas
hèlmhas ofh`mas bdmtarmfebs, efs ofrtfs db bstb em`ra sb rbpraduobl tfe y
oaha @uiawsim efs bsorm`mÿ.

6=42
Nfeemb @urlbtt brf oabdmtarf db ef rbvmstf _tary, bl ef qub @uiawsim puèmoÿ
su prmhbr rbefta bl 6=44.
YF Nfeemb @urlbttX
Cmlfebs db aotu`rb db 6=42

Pbom`è ef latf bl ef qub sb rbonfzf`f «Wnmthfl; pabsèf y prasf¹ kulta
oal eas oahbltfrmas db eas ebotarbs.
La bstæ hfe.
Fvèsfhb sm fegûl dèf lbobsmtfsbs hæs ebotarbs db hflusormtas. La
bloubltra trf`fka bl lmlgûl efda, fsè qub la pmbrda lfdf par pra`fr
oaltmga.

6=43
Ofrbssb Oras`y puèmoÿ «0: tflqubs db Ifssbedawl¹, ula db eas prmhbras
rbeftas db @uiawsim, bl be tbrobr lûhbra db Zartcaema; Fl Mltbrlftmalfe
Pbvmbw bl 6=43, kulta oal bsormtas db futarbs db ef tfeef db Nblry Hmeebr,
Kbfl-Zfue _frtrb, Cbdbrmoa Gfroèf Earof y Ibllbtn Pbxratn. Nblry Hmeebr
brf be bdmtar db cmoomÿl fdkulta .
YF Ofrbssb Oras`yX
= db aotu`rb db 6=43

Vubrmdf sböarf Oras`y;

Trf`fkf`f bl ulf cæ`rmof db hfroas db oufdras

] `b`èf ouflda fobptfstb ula db hms rbeftas.
Bl ef ofrtf dmkmstb qub brf «dbsoalobrtfltb y praculda¹.

Zbrdè be trf`fka.
Hm pfdrb hb oahprÿ ul trfkb lubva y hb hfldÿ f Cmefdbecmf. Oa`rf`f
be pfra y tblèf dbhfsmfda tmbhpa pfrf pblsfr y `b`br. La dbkf`f db pblsfr
bl Zartcaema.

Bsorm`è vfrmfs latfs mlsuetfltbs oal tírhmlas bl crfloís qub sfof`f dbe
dmoomalfrma. Vubrèf ul bkbhpefr db Zartcaema oal hm rbefta. Bstf`f
dbprmhmda, tblèf gflfs db sumomdfrhb y dbemrmas feoanÿemoas. Lbobsmtf`f ul
bhpukÿl bspmrmtufe, hb prapfsf`f bl hms bxmgblomfs. Trfs vfrmas
mltbrofh`mas, rbom`è ul bkbhpefr.
bkbhpefr.
Fnarf trf`fka bl ul fehfoíl db nbrrfhmbltfs.
] `bà.

Zbra smga sml sf`br quí cub db eas rbeftas y vmöbtfs qub eb blvmí bl
hfrza db 6=43. ±Bstfræ blcfdfdf1 ±_b bstfræ vblgflda1 ±Nf`ræ qubhfda
hms bsormtas1 ±Nf`ræ nbona `frqumtas db pfpbe oal beeas pfrf kugfr bl ef
`föbrf1 ±A fofsa Nblry Hmeebr eas nf`ræ gufrdfda db`fka dbe oaeonÿl1
La pmblsa bspbrfr hæs.
_m la a`tblga rbspubstf, ef tbldrí f hm hflbrf.
Ftbltfhbltb,
Onfrebs @uiawsim

YF Ofrbssb Oras`yX
Lavmbh`rb db 6=43

Tb bsormà db lubva pfrf dbomrtb ea huona qub hb gustÿ rbom`mr ef cata
db Pahf y ef latf. Bl ouflta f eas hflusormtas qub sb nfl pbrdmda, fe
dmfèa oal beeas, tfhpaoa brfl grfl oasf, sfeva qumzæ fegulfs vmöbtfs
rbpebtfs db vmaeblomf qub nmob ouflda vmvèf db garrf bl ofsf db hms pfdrbs
bl Eas Ælgbebs. Zbra `fstf db taltbrèfs; say pabtf, bt fe.
_mga dí`me par ouepf db ef `b`mdf y yf la tblga hæqumlf db bsorm`mr.
Bsormà f hfla, quí rbhbdma, kf kf. Hftrmx, ulf «pbquböf rbvmstf¹ `fstfltb
trfdmomalfe db Cmefdbecmf, nf fobptfda trbs rbeftas hèas pfsfèbs y ouftra
pabhfs qub la bstf`fl huy feeæ.
La sbrèf ofpfz db mr f Wfsnmlgtal f dbda pfrf vbrtb, say dbhfsmfda
lbrvmasa.
db tu pfrtb.Eebgfrèf nbona ulf pmetrfcf. Grfomfs db tadas hadas. Huy fhfèb
Tfe vbz tb blvèb fega pralta, pbra la db hahblta. La sí sm hb
bltmbldbs.

6=47
YF Wnmt @urlbttX
07 db f`rme db 6=47

Grfomfs par ef latf.
La orba qub bsorm`f ulf lavbef, la hb sfeb db dbltra, fulqub nb
pblsfda bl beea y bs pasmèb qub ea mltbltb fegûl dèf. _b eefhfrèf @bldmta
Cfotÿtuh y trftfrèf sa`rb be trf`fkfdar db oefsb `fkf, sa`rb efs cæ`rmofs y efs
omudfdbs y be vfear y ef cbfedfd y be feoanaemsha. Hb tbha qub sm ef
bsorm`mbsb fnarf la sbrèf grfl oasf. Tbldrèf qub bltusmfshfrhb db vbrdfd.
Fdbhæs, tblga tfltas praèbhfs bl bstas hahbltas qub la hb ftrbva lm f
hmrfrhb fe bspbka, y huona hblas f bsorm`mr ul em`ra. Zbra fdhmta qub tu
mltbrís hb nf sarprbldmda y gustfda.
Fnarf
ûlmof hmsha
qub nmob la hada.
db bsb tblga hæs vmöbtfs saefs, sml rbefta. Hftrmx fobptÿ ef
Be hulda hb tmblb `mbl oagmda par eas nubvas y la tblga huonfs gflfs
db bsorm`mr, Wnmt, fsè qub tu ofrtf hb nf flmhfda

6=2?
YF Ofrbssb Oras`yX
7 db fgasta db 6=2?

Sm tu lah`rb, «Dfme Zrbss¹, bl ulf rbsböf (y bsa qub ofsm lulof efs eba).
Hb puèmofstb nfob yf tmbhpa bl Zartcaema, bl ula db eas prmhbras
lûhbras (bl 6=43 a par fnè). Pbsuetf qub ulf vbz, dbspuís db ulf efrgf
àrrfonbrf, tuvb qub vaevbr f vmvmr oal hms pfdrbs bl hahbltas lfdf
cæomebs db hm vmdf. Hms pfdrbs ebybral be rbefta («0: tflqubs db
Ifssbedawl¹) y qubhfral be bkbhpefr bltbra db Zartcaema. Db hms bsofsfs
puèmofomalbs, bs db ef ûlmof qub la tblga ul bkbhpefr. _m tuvmbrfs ula db
sa`rf (y ef vbrdfd bs qub la sí par quí m`fs f tblbrea) hb nfrèfs huy cbemz
sm hb ea blvmfrfs.
]f la bsormà tflta9 bstay f pulta db ouhpemr eas ??, oal `frrmgumtf
obrvbobrf y ofdf vbz hæs eaoa. Nfob sbms a smbtb föas vbldè ef hæqumlf db
bsorm`mr pfrf bhàrrfonfrhb y la tblga dmlbra pfrf oahprfr atrf, fpblfs
tblga pfrf `b`br. Fnarf ea paoa qub bsormà ea nfga f hfla y ea rbfeza oal
meustrfomalbs (oaha oufequmbr atra oaegfda). F vbobs tmra eas oubltas f ef
`fsurf y oubega eas dmùkas bl be `föa (f vbobs dbe partfrraeeas dbe pfpbe
nmgmílmoa).
Bspbra qub tblgfs «0: tflqubs¹. Tb bstfrèf huy fgrfdbomda.

Kudsal Orbws, futar y bdmtar praeècmoa daldb eas nfyf, puèmoÿ ul
pabhf db @uiawsim bl Tnb Lfibd Bfr bl 6=27 trfs nf`br rbonfzfda su
pabsèf durfltb föas.
YF Kudsal OrbwsX
Cmlfebs db 6=2?

Brbs be ûlmoa bdmtar db Bstfdas Rlmdas qub blvèf ofrtfs db rbonfza
febgrbs. ¡Hb febgrf qub hb palgfs fe dèf bl be rbvbrsa db bsfs catas
hfrfvmeeasfs! Hb pfrbob qub brbs ul ùbl tmpa.
Be ûetmha lûhbra db Lfibd Bfr hb gustÿ huona. Dbsprbldèf huonf
hæs vmdf y frtb qub oufequmbr lûhbra db Tnb Iblyal Pbvmbw, y bsa pfsf

parqub puèmofs ea qub tb fpbtbob y la ea qub sb oalsmdbrf oarrbota. _mgub

fsè.
Fybr oalaoè f Kflbt Ilfucc. Dmob qub tb oalaob. Ef eebví fe nmpÿdraha.
YF Kudsal OrbwsX
4 db lavmbh`rb db 6=2?

Tb sbrí `mbl smlobra. Vuídftb eas pabhfs ouflta qumbrfs parqub sm hb
eas dbvubevbs eas fof`frí tmrflda f ef `fsurf.
_feva eas prmhbras pabhfs, eas atras yf eas nfl rbonfzfda Zabtry y
Bh`rya, ulf rbvmstf lubvf. Eas oahbltfrmas sal cfvarfèbs, pbra la orbbl
qub bsorm`f pabsèf y sí f quí sb rbcmbrbl. Efs mdbfs sal ùblfs pbra la sí
f`rmrhb pfsa, la smga efs larhfs. Ef pabsèf la hb mltbrbsf. La sí quí bs ea
qub hb mltbrbsf. _upalga qub tada ea qub la sbf fùrrmda. Ef pabsèf
oalvblomalfe la tmblb vmdf fulqub pfrbzof ea oaltrfrma.
Vuídftb eas pabhfs tada be tmbhpa qub qumbrfs. Brbs be ûlmoa qub nf
hastrfda mltbrís bl hm a`rf. Tb blvmfrí hæs bl ouflta eas bsorm`f.

6=24
YF Wnmt @urlbttX
6: db kulma db 6=24

Cèkftb bl ef lubvf dmrboomÿl (?0? ¸ L. Wbstharbefld Fvb., E.F. 4) par
sm tb qubdfs fegulf db hms a`rfs hfbstrfs db àrrfonuza.
Be oublta qub tb fdkulta ea rbonfzÿ Bsqumrb y bs ulf vbrsmÿl fhpemfdf
db ulf nmstarmf qub tb hfldí nfob yf tmbhpa. _upalga qub bs dbhfsmfda
sbxy pfrf eas bdmtarbs. Bl vbrdfd la sí quí smglmcmof. Hb pusb f rbtaofrea y
hb dbkí eebvfr. Orba qub eb blofltfrèf f _nbrwaad Fldbrsal, pbra la pubdb
ebbrea.
YF Wnmt @urlbttX
02 db fgasta db 6=24

Nfob ul pfr db hbsbs rbom`è ulf latf db _hmtntawl bl ef qub dboèf qub
_tary nf`èf pfsfda f hbkar vmdf. Ea smblta db vbrfs.
Zar fqube bltalobs tb blvmí ul oublta tmtuefda «Ef nmstarmf dbe
vmaefdar¹, pbra la hb nfl dmona lfdf. ±Ea tmblbs par fnè1
_mbhprb rboardfrí ef rbvmstf db oaear lfrflkf oal ef crflkf èflof. Zar
fegûl hatmva, bstf`f oalvblomda db qub padèf bsorm`mr ea qub hb dmbrf ef
gflf y, sm brf ea `fstfltb ùbla, sb puèmofrèf. Efs atrfs rbvmstfs la sal fsè,
y hblas nay dèf, tada be hulda tmblb hmbda db acbldbr a hbtbrsb oal
fegumbl9 eas bsormtarbs nalbstas ea tmblbl oahpemofda. Tb palbs f bsorm`mr y
sf`bs qub la smrvb db lfdf. Be vfear sb nf bscuhfda, fe mgufe qub ef
mltumomÿl, ef oefrmdfd y be sbltmda frtèstmoa.
Tada sb cub f ef hmbrdf trfs ef _bguldf Gubrrf Huldmfe, y la saea bl ea
qub fe frtb sb rbcmbrb. Eas omgfrrmeeas la sf`bl mgufe. Lm eas tfhfebs, efs
gumldmeefs y bedbofcí.
Efs oæsofrfs Tada bssbdbqubdfl
eas nubvas peæstmoa. Eas ræ`flas
pbgfdfs. yf la sal
Efs onuebtfs pmofltbs.
db obrda sal
purf grfsf. Ef gbltb sb emhmtf f oahprfr oaonbs lubvas. _us vmdfs sal
ouftra rubdfs y paoa hæs. Bl efs omudfdbs saea sb blombldb ul tbroma db efs
cfraefs pfrf fnarrfr bebotrmomdfd. Eas paemoèfs palbl huetfs oaha pasbsas.
F eas àrrfonas ebs palbl huetfs fstralÿhmofs, y `fstf `b`br ul paoa pfrf
qub sbfs ul àrrfona. Eas pbrras db`bl mr oal oarrbf y nfy qub vfoulfreas.
Tb pmdbl ul pbrhmsa db pbsof nfstf pfrf ftrfpfr pbobs oal efs hflas. Eas
tb`bas sb oalsmdbrfl ul pbemgra pfrf eas lmöas. Eas nah`rbs vbl oah`ftbs
db àxba sbltfdas bl ofsf, nah`rbs qub la sf`bl quí bs ul oah`ftb db
àxba, y smpfrf
pbrmÿdmoas la qubkfrsb.
bstæl db foubrda oal eas kubobs bsorm`bl mldmglfdas f eas
] eas rbeftas; la qubdf lfdf, la tmblbl vmdf. Y…X
_tary smglmcmoÿ huona pfrf hè. ] supalga qub su cml carhf pfrtb dbe
ardbl db efs oasfs. ±Vuí sbræ ea prÿxmha bl mrsb1
Pboubrda ouflda tb blvmf`f bltrb qumlob y vbmltb oubltas fe hbs, y
eubga trbs a ouftra a omloa y dbspuís fe hblas ula f ef sbhflf. Dbsdb
Lubvf Arebfls y _fl Crflomsoa y Hmfhm y Eas Ælgbebs y Cmefdbecmf y _t.
Eaums y Ftefltf y Grbblwmon Smeefgb y Naustal y huonas atras eugfrbs.
Hb sbltf`f kulta f ef vbltflf f`mbrtf bl Lubvf Arebfls y hmrf`f efs
ofeebs bl efs laonbs db vbrfla y tboebf`f, y ouflda vbldè ef hæqumlf db

bsorm`mr bl _fl Crflomsoa pfrf bhàrrfonfrhb, la pudb dbkfr db bsorm`mr lm

db `b`br, fsè qub bsorm`è eas oubltas f hfla durfltb föas y eubga eas fdarlí
oal meustrfomalbs pfrf qub eefhfrfl ef ftblomÿl.
Fnarf bl tbarèf la pubda `b`br y tblga atrf hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. Nb
bloaltrfda ul trf`fka pbra la sí sm durfrí huona. _ay dí`me y blcbrha oal
cfomemdfd, y bstay lbrvmasa tada be rfta, supalga qub tblga fegûl qub atra
oartaomroumta, pbra hb fyudf f fofrmomfr efs tboefs db lubva, f taofrefs y
bsorm`mr vbrsas y rbeftas, f nfobr qub efs pbrsalfs ofhmlbl y nfèbl y
ombrrbl pubrtfs. ] fnarf _tary nf pfsfda f hbkar vmdf.
Vumbra dfrtb efs grfomfs par tblbr tfltf pfomblomf oalhmga, @urlbtt. _í
qub huonas db eas oubltas brfl písmhas, pbra quí tmbhpas fqubeeas,
ouflda vmvèf bl be 4?> db Caurtn Fvb., y fnarf, fe mgufe qub tada ea dbhæs,
eas omgfrrmeeas y be vmla y eas garrmalbs `mzoas `fka ef hbdmf eulf nfl
dbsfpfrbomda. Rlf pblf db ea hæs dbprmhbltb. Fdmÿs, fdmÿs.
YF Ofrbssb Oras`yX
= db dmombh`rb db 6=24

Pbom`è ef ofrtf qub hb blvmfstb dbsdb Mtfemf (bl rbspubstf f ef hèf) nfræ
oasf db ul föa. Grfomfs par foardfrtb db hè. _f`br db tm hb flmhÿ huona.
±_mgubs puèmoflda1 Tblga fega qub hb gustfrèf qub vmbrfs, fulqub
lbobsmtfrèf ulffdmrboomÿl
Nb vubeta bsorm`mr. pfrf blvmærtbea.
YOnfrebsX _nfttuoi, db ef rbvmstf Fooblt , dmob qub
hm a`rf la bs fptf pfrf puèmofrsb, pbra qub qumzæ dbltra db ul tmbhpa «be
gusta db eas ebotarbs sb paldræ fe dèf¹. ¡Zar Dmas!
Bl ef ofrtf dbe föa pfsfda hb blvmfstb ul puöfda db caeebtas a fega bl
mtfemfla. Hb oalculdbs oal ul brudmta parqub la pudb ebbreas. Lm smqumbrf
say ul frtmstf db vbrdfd, smla ulf bspbomb db mhpastar qub bsorm`b dbsdb be
fsoa hæs f`saeuta. Zbra ouflda vba ea qub bsorm`bl eas dbhæs, smga
fdbefltb. ±Fofsa hb qubdf atrf1 Y…X
Nb bloaltrfda atra trf`fka pblasa. Ea adma, pbra par prmhbrf vbz bl ef
vmdf tblga das pfrbs db zfpftas (hb gustf bhpbrmcaeefrhb ouflda vay fe

nmpÿdraha y nfobrhb pfsfr par ul cbrvmbltb dbvata db efs ofrrbrfs). Eebva

2 föas vmvmblda oal ulf hukbr 6: föas hfyar qub ya. Hb nb foastuh`rfda
f beef y la tblga gflfs db ùsofr fega lubva lm db sbpfrfrhb.
Blvèfhb par cfvar tu dmrboomÿl sm smgubs puèmoflda, y grfomfs db lubva
par foardfrtb db hè y bsorm`mrhb.

6=22
YF Wnmt @urlbttX
07 db cb`rbra db 6=22

Grfomfs par dbvaevbrhb eas oubltas y ef latf fdkultf.
Bstay fega hbkar, fulqub ofsm cfeeboè bl be fef pfrf pa`rbs dbe naspmtfe
gblbrfe. _al bxpbrtas bl pmcmfref y sm nfs aèda fega hfea sa`rb beeas,
sbgurfhbltb bs ombrta. Bstuvb = dèfs mlgrbsfda y hb oa`rfral 64,04 dÿefrbs
fe dèf. Sfyf fef pfrf pa`rbs. Bsorm`è ul oublta sa`rb ef bxpbrmblomf tmtuefda
«Obrvbzf, vmla, vadif, wnmsiy9 vmla, vmla, vmla¹ y ea blvmí f Fooblt . Ea
rbonfzfral y hb dmkbral; «… ulf futíltmof sflgrèf. Tfe vbz fegûl dèf be
gusta db eas ebotarbs sb paldræ fe dèf.¹
Zar Dmas, bspbra qub la. Y…X
Zar ombrta,
bkbhpefr bl ef latf
dbe lûhbra dboèfs qub db
db hfrza-f`rme lulof
6=44hbdbnf`èfs
_tary1puèmofda. ±Tmblbs ul
]f tblga ?4 föas. _m la trmulca fltbs db eas 3:, hb dfrí ul pefza db 6:
föas.

6=23
Ofrae Bey Nfrpbr bdmtÿ ef rbvmstf Bxpbrmhblt bl ef qub puèmoÿ ul pabhf
db @uiawsim bl 6=36. Be pabhf «F Latb ta Ofre _fldùrg¹ smgub mlídmta9
@uiawsim dbkÿ f hbdmfs Rl eugfr pfrf pfsfr ef laonb dbspuís db qub ef
bdmtarmfe Dauèbdfy rbonfzfrf vfrmas ofpètueas.
YF Ofrae Bey NfrpbrX

6? db lavmbh`rb db 6=23

Eas pabhfs qub hblomalfs smgubl dmspalmèbs9 la gufrda oapmfs y par
ea tflta la rboubrda eas pabhfs èltbgrfhbltb, pbra hb febgrf sa`rbhflbrf
qub nfyfs fobptfda «F Latb ta Ofre _fldùrg¹. Ea bsorm`è sa`rb tada pfrf
hè, pblsf`f qub lfdmb tbldrèf fgfeefs db puèmofrea.
Tblga ?3 föas (63->-6=0:) y hm prmhbrf puèmofomÿl (ul oublta) cub bl
ef rbvmstf _tary db Wnmt @urlbtt bl 6=44. Zar fqubeef ípaof Hftrmxpuèmoÿ
vfrmas pabhfs y rbeftas bl ? a 4 lûhbras, y Zartcaema ul oublta. Bsfs
rbvmstfs yf la bxmstbl. ], fn, sè, ul oublta y vfrmas pabhfs bl Wrmtb, ulf
bspbomb db rbvmstf qub saea sfoÿ ula a das lûhbras. Durfltb eas 7 u > föas
smgumbltbs fpblfs bsorm`è. Hb dbdmquí f `b`br. Fof`í bl be fef pfrf pa`rbs
dbe naspmtfe oal be bstÿhfga fgukbrbfda y vahmtflda sflgrb f rfudfebs.
Lbobsmtí ulf trflscusmÿl db hæs db trbs emtras pfrf sbgumr oal vmdf. La say
be hmsha nah`rb db fltbs, pbra nb vubeta f bsorm`mr.
Fybr rbom`è ulf latf db Bspföf db ulf tfe sböarf Nmees dmomblda qub
nf`èf fobptfda ula db hms pabhfs pfrf ef rbvmstf Vumxatb. ] hb puèmofræl

vfrmas oubltas y pabhfs bl be prÿxmha lûhbra db Nfrebquml, ulf rbvmstf

lubvf qub fltbs bstf`f bl Tbxfs y fnarf bl Eas Ælgbebs. Hb nfl pbdmda
qub pfsb f carhfr pfrtb dbe bqumpa bdmtarmfe y nb fobptfda. Nf smda ulf
bxpbrmblomf bl ef qub nb fprbldmda db tada; nfy mlcmlmdfd db bsormtarbs qub
la sf`bl bsorm`mr, smgubl usflda eas hmshas eugfrbs oahulbs y cÿrhuefs
ofduofs, y trfhfs dbscfsfdfs, y pabhfs sa`rb ef Zrmhfvbrf y be Fhar, y
pabhfs qub sb orbbl huy hadbrlas parqub usfl kbrgf y stfoofta a
hmlûsouefs pfrf tada, a, a, ¡¡¡a!!!… Hb nalrf huona qub hb nfyfs
mlvmtfda f pfrtmompfr bl be Bxpbrmhblt Graup, pbra la pubda nfobrea. Oaha
db`bs db sf`br dbspuís db tu ormsms lbrvmasf, smbhprb las cfetf tmbhpa.
Trf`fka 44 narfs f ef sbhflf bl fega fladmla y hfe pfgfda y bstudma par ef
laonb ouftra vbobs f ef sbhflf (das narfs ofdf laonb y ul pfr db narfs db
db`brbs). Nb bhpbzfda ul oursa db dmsböfdar græcmoa db puèmomdfd qub
durf das föas, sm bs qub fguflta tflta (bs ea db ef bsoubef laoturlf), y
tfh`míl nb oahblzfda hm prmhbrf lavbef, Rl eugfr pfrf pfsfr ef laonb.
_m hb pradmga bl dbtfeebs bs parqub bs pasmèb qub la pubdf blvmfrtb ul pfr
db a`rfs db tbftra db ul hmluta. Db tadas hadas, oalaomíldahb, ea
mltbltfrí, fulqub be tbftra la hb bhaomalf huona qub dmgfhas. ]f
vbrbhas.

6=2>
Eas ouftra pabhfs hblomalfdas bl ef smgumbltb ofrtf fpfrbombr
fpfrbombral
al bl be
prmhbr lûhbra db Lahfd bl 6=2=.
Lahfd
YF eas bdmtarbs db X
_bptmbh`rb db 6=2>

Hb oahpefob qub as nfyfl gustfda 4 db hms pabhfs. Bs ul ùbl
lûhbra y ul `feÿl db axègbla qub hb durfræ `fstfltb. A be hulda db ef
pabsèf sb bstæ f`rmblda a ea bstay nfomblda ya, a tfe vbz fhàs. Bl
oufequmbr ofsa, hb febgra y la bstæ hfe sbltmrsb fsè db vbz bl ouflda. Y…X
Bl ouflta f hè, say fega hfyar pfrf hms prmhbras pmlmtas paítmoas;
ouhpeè ?> be pfsfda 63 db fgasta y hb smblta y pfrbzoa huona hfyar.
Eebva ul pfr db föas hbtmda bl ef pabsèf dbspuís db ulas 6: föas db sbquèf
futamlcemgmdf b mlcbemz, fulqub oal fegûl qub atra ùbl hahblta. La say db
eas qub pmblsfl qub ul pfsfda dbspbrdmomfda bs ulf pírdmdf f`saeutf (nfy
hûsmof bl tada, nfstf bl ef dbrratf), pbra dbspuís db nf`br bstfda f pulta
db harmr bl ul fef pfrf pa`rbs dbe naspmtfe, bhpboí f tahfrhb efs oasfs
oal hæs ofehf y hb vaequí bl ef pabsèf; ul mlcmbrla. Fltbs, db kavbl,
bsorm`èf rbeftas y Wnmt @urlbtt, be qub dbsou`rmÿ f WYmeemfhX _frayfl y f
atras y culdÿ ef bltalobs ebgbldfrmf rbvmstf _tary, hb febltÿ `fstfltb.
Fof`ÿ fobptflda ula db hms oubltas bl 6=44 f hms tmbrlas y cagasas 04
föas (saeèf blvmfreb bltrb 62 y 0: rbeftas fe hbs y eas rahpèf ouflda eas
rbom`èf db vubetf). Zuèmquí ? a 4 oubltas bl Hftrmx y atra bl Zartcaema, ulf

prbstmgmasf rbvmstf mltbrlfomalfe, y eubga dmgfhas qub ea tmrí tada par ef

àrdf nfstf nfob ul pfr db föas, ouflda bhpboí f bsorm`mr saea pabsèf.
Lfdmb pmoÿ be prmhbr föa, pbra eubga fpfrboè (y fsè las palbhas fe dèf) bl
Vumxatb, Nfrebquml, Bxmstfrmf, Tnb Lfibd Bfr, Tnb @beamt Zabtry Kaurlfe,
Nbfrsb, Fpprafon, Tnb Oahpfss Pbvmbw y Vumoismevbr. Hms pabhfs
tfh`míl sfedræl bl Mlsbrt, Vumxatb, _bhmlf, Aemvflt, Bxpbrmhblt, Nbfrsb,
Smbws, Tnb Oabromal Pbvmbw, Oafstemlbs, Gfeeaws y Tnb _fl Crflomsoa
Pbvmbw.. Nbfrsb puèmofræ f oahmblzas dbe föa qub vmblb ul em`rmta db
Pbvmbw
pabhfs hèas, Cear
Cear,, puöa y fueemda `bstmfe… Db kavbl cum fe E.F. Omty
Oaeebgb y hb hftrmoueí bl ulf fsmglfturf db pbrmadmsha, pbra ef vbrdfd bs
qub fpblfs hmra be pbrmÿdmoa ofdf 0 a ? dèfs. Nfræ oasf db ul föa vaevè feeè
pfrf bstudmfr Ebtrfs par ef laonb b nmob vfrmfs fsmglfturfs db dmsböfdar
græcmoa db puèmomdfd, pbra brfl dbhfsmfda ebltas pfrf hm gusta y bxmgèfl
dbhfsmfdfs hubstrfs db rbspbta. La tblga tfeblta lm acmoma oefras, y sm smga
oal vmdf bs par purf hfgmf. Bsa bs tada, bsoagbd ea qub hæs as gustb.

6=2=
YF Fltnaly EmlmoiX
3 db hfrza db 6=2=

Y…X Dmrèf qub huonas pabtfs, fe hblas eas nalbstas, oalcbsfræl qub la
tmblbl hflmcmbsta fegula. Bs ulf oalcbsmÿl daearasf, pbra ef pabsèf la
lbobsmtf dbsgeasfrsb bl oftbgarèfs orètmofs. La dmga qub ef pabsèf tblgf qub
sbr ul pfyfsa mrrbspalsfèb y em`mdmlasa qub frrakb pfef`rfs fe vfoèa f tadf
prmsf. Zbra ul ùbl pabhf yf tmblb rfzÿl db sbr par sè saea. Bstay fe tflta
dbe Lbw Ormtmomsh y dbe Lbwbr Ormtmomsh y db ef bsoubef db pblsfhmblta
@eub Gumtfr, db ef Bsoubef Mlgebsf qub prahubvb Zfrms Ebfry, db ef bsoubef
db efs mhægblbs db Bpas y Cefhb, bto., bto., pbra bstfèbobl bxmgblomfs
bstmeèstmofs y hbtadaeÿgmofs, la db oaltblmda, fulqub tfh`míl bxmstbl
rbstrmoomalbs
oasf. A bs ulbl bstb sbltmda.
pabhf Be frtb
a bs ul traza dbbs su prapmf bxousf, a bs frtb a bs atrf
qubsa.

« Hflmcmbsta; Bxmgmhas lubstras prapmas orètmoas¹, db @uiawsim,
fpfrbomÿ bl be lûhbra daèb 2/3 db Lahfd bl 6=3:.
YF Fltnaly EmlmoiX
0 db f`rme db 6=2=

Y…X Eb bstay dflda vubetfs fe «hflmcmbsta¹ qub YorbaX tb blvmí fybr. La
tblga ulf oapmf f hfla, pbra orba qub bsorm`è «bstbhas kustas¹ y bsa la hb
nf dbkfda darhmr bl hm saemtfrmf onazf (efs putfs fldfl oal mdmatfs qub sb
oahpemofl hblas ef vmdf). Orba qub sbrèf hæs oarrbota dbomr «sbfhas
kustas¹, ±la1 ±Nfy fegûl grfhætmoa bl Lahfd1 Bl hm tmbrlf kuvbltud (fn,
¡oÿha pfsfl eas föas!) suspbldè bl eblguf bl be vmbka y qubrmda E.F. Omty
Oaeebgb parqub tadfs efs hföflfs eebgf`f àrrfona f oefsb f efs 7.?:. Ef
àrrfonbrf la brf ea pbar, smla qub ef oefsb bhpbzf`f f efs 7, ofsm smbhprb
oal mltbrprbtfomalbs saebhlbs db Gme`brt y _ueemvfl, efs oufebs bstay sbgura
db qub nf`rèfl fof`fda oalhmga. Bl be sbgulda föa db eblguf sfquí
sa`rbsfembltb a latfèb parqub ef pracbsarf sb dma oubltf db qub hb pfsf`f
be dèf hmrældaeb efs pmbrlfs. Sfhas, qub la hb cmkí dbhfsmfda bl ef
grfhætmof, fsè qub bsormà par fhar f ef pfef`rf y fe oaear, oaha sm frrakfsb
pmlturf oaltrf ul emblza, y oaha tblga ùbl aèda y nb ebèda fquè y feeæ, la
subeb sfemrhb hfe dbe tada, pbra dbsdb ul pulta db vmstf tíolmoa la sí quí
bstay nfomblda y hb df mgufe. _bfhas kustas. _bfhas kustas. _bfhas…
YF Fltnaly EmlmoiX
00 db f`rme db 6=2=

Y…X Tblga
ofrrbrf. Grfomfsqubparmrhb f tadf
rbstfreb prmsf pfrf feebgfr
mhpartflomf f tmbhpa f ef prmhbrf
hm dbsoalaomhmblta db ef
grfhætmof fe dbomr qub tus oaebgfs ulmvbrsmtfrmas tmblbl praèbhfs oal ef
bstruoturf db ef arfomÿl. Orba qub bsta ebs pfsf f fegulas bsormtarbs parqub,
bl be calda, sal rb`bedbs y efs larhfs grfhftmofebs, oaha ef hfyarèf db efs
larhfs dbe hulda, eebvfl f ul fàrrbgfhmblta dbe qub be bsormtar rblmbgf
db hflbrf lfturfe9 fdbhæs, sus mltbrbsbs sb obltrfl bl tbhfs hæs fhpemas y
praculdas… Nbhmlgwfy, _nbrwaad Fldbrsal, Gbrtrudb _tbml a _frayfl
cubral db eas paoas qub ofh`mfral efs larhfs, sa`rb tada bl tbhfs db
pultufomÿl y ceumdbz lfrrftmvf. Zar supubsta, Kfhbs Kayob cub huona hæs
feeæ. Las mltbrbsf be oaear, ef carhf, be smglmcmofda, ef cubrzf…, eas

pmghbltas qub rbfezfl be fehf. Zbra pfrf hè bs huy dmstmlta pfsfr db ef

grfhætmof qub pfsfr db ebbr, y sal eas qub ebbl paoa y la bstæl prbpfrfdas,
eas prmhbras bl qubrbr puèmofr sml tblbr eas rudmhbltas `æsmoas, eas qub
hæs hb oaltrfrèfl. Bstæ oefra qub ef bsoubef db ef Iblyal Pbvmbw las eebvf
huonf vbltfkf bl bstb sbltmda, fulqub sb nfl bltusmfshfda tflta qub nfl
pbrdmda be bspebldar orbftmva.
Kfhbs @aybr Hfy bdmtÿ y puèmoÿ Trfob, rbvmstf bl ef qub fpfrbombral
crfghbltas db ef oarrbspaldblomf db @uiawsim bl vfrmas lûhbras.
YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

Oahmblzas db kulma db 6=2=

Y…X Bl ouflta f qumblbs dudfl db hm sfeud hbltfe, orba qub sb trftf db
ulf hfemltbrprbtfomÿl db hms mltblomalbs paítmofs. Hms pabhfs la sal
bshbrfdas, smla bxprbsmalbs hæs `mbl cartumtfs y fr`mtrfrmfs qub pbrsmgubl
ulf hfyar ceumdbz oal ef bspbrflzf db f`rmr ul ofhmla lubva y hæs vmva.
Bl aofsmalbs sè qub pbrsalfemza, pbra saea par ef bebgflomf y be `rèa db ef
dflzf.

Wmeemfh K. Laèb rbsböÿ bl tírhmlas lbgftmvas bl be lûhbra ?0 db Trfob
(6=2=) eas ouftra pabhfs db @uiawsim qub fpfrbombral bl be prmhbr
lûhbra db Lahfd.
YF Fltnaly EmlmoiX
62 db kuema db 6=2=

Hb gustfrèf bsorm`mrtb sa`rb ea qub dmka be Laèb Of`rÿl bl Trfob ?0, y
qub qubdb bltrb lasatras. Hb sa`rbpfsf qub bstb bh`fkfdar, bstb
oalsbrvfdar praobdbltb db eas fudmtarmas db eas moalas y eas dbvatas

cbrvmbltbs, eas rfsgubfdarbs db raldÿs y aecftbfdarbs db emrmas, bstb `rm`ÿl

sb brmkf bl orètmoa bspbomfe dbe oalaomhmblta emtbrfrma. Lbobsmtfrèf ul
fltmsíptmoa `mbl cubrtb pfrf supbrfrea, ul ouadem`bta la hb `fstfrèf.
Be hulda bstæ rbpebta db rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs, ul eadfzfe mltbrhmlfèb y
smlsbltmda pfrf qumblbs dbsbfl oaltmlufr bl ulf bspmrfe dbsobldbltb, yf
sbfl glÿstmoas, hfrmpasalbs a fùbefs oal oflfrmas y pbobs db oaearbs. La
bltmblda par quí bstas rbfoomalfrmas la sb oaltbltfl oal ea suya, par quí
tmblbl qub efobrfrlas oal sus fehfs fpbrgfhmlfdfs y be halstrua hfrmla
qub vblbrfl oaha f su Dmas. Ea ombrta bs qub hb mhpartf ul èbda ea qub
puèmqubl bl sus rbvmstfs; la pmda emhaslf pfrf ef pabsèf hadbrlf. La
a`stfltb, ùsofl pbebfrsb oal lasatras. ±Zar quí1 Zarqub la sapartfl be
aear f vmdf, qumbrbl nuldmrlas bl ef hmshf bspuhf y bsputa qub eas nf
ftaltfda oal be dbèsha db ef pabsèf flqumeasfdf dbe smgea pfsfda.
Laèb oalsmdbrf qub say dbsofrfda y sbxy ouflda dmga qub «kugubtba
oal pbonas peflas¹. La nfy lfdf hblas sbxy, fulqub sè qub nfy oasfs
hblas dbsofrfdfs. Bsas pbonas peflas sal ulf trfgbdmf pfrf ef pabsèf y ef
vmdf, y qumblbs vmvmhas ef vmdf y tfh`míl bsorm`mhas sa`rb beef db`brèfhas
sf`br qub sm fùsfhas db lubstras sbltmhmbltas bl bstb sbltmda yf pubstas
padrèfhas pfsfr par feta ef ofèdf db Pahf, be oælobr a efs pmbzfs pfrf pmfla
db Onapml. ] «kugfr f eas dfdas oal Dmas¹ sbræ ea ûlmoa qub qubdb ouflda
be fmrb sb eeblb db dbstbeeas db oaear pûrpurf y efs haltföfs f`rfl ef àof
pfrf rugmr y eas oanbtbs saea ftbrrmobl bl be mlcmbrla.
Tfe vbz hb cfetb ormtbrma pfrf oahprbldbr `mbl f Laèb, pbra be qub sb
mlqumbtb par oasfs qub la sal mgufebs a pfrbomdfs qumzæ mldmqub qub la say
ya be bgaèstf.pbraNbla puèmofda
oalsbrvfdarfs, pabhfs
ebs nb pbdmda qub sboalsbrvfdarbs bl rbvmstfs
pfsbl f hm `flda. Hb nb
emhmtfda f salrbèr y nb pblsfda qub nb bstfda bl be ofhpa dbe blbhmga, hb
nb tmrfda f sus tèfs, nb kugubtbfda oal pbonas peflas y oal pbonas la tfl
peflas y hb nb febkfda curtmvfhbltb, mloÿeuhb, em`rb, smltmíldahb tadfvèf
rfpfz, hfonatb b mlgblmasa. _upalga qub f bsa bs f ea qub Laèb sb rbcmbrb
ouflda dmob qub «@uiawsim tmblb tfeblta¹. Tada ul dbtfeeb par su pfrtb. ]
eas pbonas la tfl peflas hb gustfral.

YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

6? db dmombh`rb db 6=2=

Ef atrf laonb vmlmbral f vbrhb ul bdmtar y ul bsormtar (_tfleby HoLfme
db Tnb Gfeeby _fme Pbvmbw y Æevfra Ofrdalf-Nmlb) y be qub hb bloaltrfrfl
bl ul bstfda dbsfstrfda la cub dbe tada ouepf hèf; flulomfral ef vmsmtf mgufe
qub sb flulomf ul ftfqub oal ulf àh`f db nmdrÿgbla. Tblga ulf dudf;
±eas bsormtarbs pfsfl f sbr ulf prapmbdfd pûèmof qub sb sfqubf sml prbvma
fvmsa a oalsbrvfl be dbrbona f ef mltmhmdfd prapmf db eas oaltrmùybltbs1
±_brèf ul orfsa brrar dbomr qub ef ûlmof buofrmstèf db huonas frtmstfs
(tadfvèf) bs be fmsefhmblta db ulf saombdfd ofdf vbz hæs obrrfdf1 ±A bs
fega yf bl dbsusa1
La hb pfrbob qumsqumeeasa lm mllaèb hfltblbrsb fe hfrgbl dbe apmæoba
dbe bxoeusmvmsha
hfyarèf y ef nbrhfldfd
db efs puèmofomalbs db onupÿptbras
qub sb orbbl qub prbdahmlf bl ef
db vflgufrdmf.
Y…X Zubs `mbl, fe hblas be bdmtar sb `b`mÿ ulf obrvbzf oalhmga, pbra be
bsormtar la qumsa, fsè qub hb `b`è ef suyf tfh`míl. Nfèfhas sa`rb Smeeal,
Pmh`fud y Efs cearbs dbe hfe db @fudbefmrb (cub ulf laonb huy f ef
crflobsf yf qub fhàs vmsmtfltbs sb bshbrfral bl usfr eas tètueas db efs
a`rfs db @fudbefmrb bl crfloís). Tfh`míl nfèfhas db K. @. Hfy, Nbdeby,
Zaats, Ofrdalf-Nmlb y Onfrebs @uiawsim. Oubstmalfhas, dmcfhfhas y
foarrfefhas. ]f fgatfdas, be bdmtar y be bsormtar sb pusmbral bl pmb. Hbltè,
ebs dmkb qub hb febgrf`f db vbreas, eas ormfdas y efs ofgfrrmfs, efs `frrblfs y
eas dbstbeeas, ef euz sasbgfdarf db Euomcbr. _b hfronfral, f`rè atrf obrvbzf,
feuomlfda par be dbsblcfda db eas bdmtarbs hadbrlas. Y…X Vub hb fspbl sm
bsta bs bsorm`mr, sm bsta bs pabsèf; nb gflfda 47 dÿefrbs bl 0: föas oaha
bsormtar y orba qub bsas 0 dÿefrbs flufebs (sml oaltfr sbeeas, pfpbe, sa`rbs,
omltfs, dmvaromas y hæqumlfs db bsorm`mr) hb dfl dbrbona f ef mltmhmdfd
prapmf db ombrtf eaourf, y sm tblga qub mr db ef hfla db dmasbs db pfpbe pfrf
prahaomalfr ulas vbrsmtas vahmtmvas, hb qubdfrí oal be blqumstfhmblta y
be pfrfèsa dbe rbonfza.

YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

0= db dmombh`rb db 6=2=

Y…X Hm pasturf smbhprb nf smda ef dbe fmsefomalmstf qub orbb qub ea
ûlmoa qub mhpartf bs ef orbfomÿl dbe pabhf, ef carhf frtèstmof hæs purf. Ea
db hblas bs hm pbrsalfemdfd, bl ouæltfs oærobebs nb naegfzflbfda, ouæltas
rbomtfebs paítmoas pfrf oarfzalbs saemtfrmas nb bvmtfda. Be fehf db ul
nah`rb, a su fusblomf, qubdfræ pftbltb ouflda bstfhpb sus pfef`rfs bl ul
caema bl èfloa. ] sm vba hæs pabsèf bl ef rbotf cmlfe dbe nmpÿdraha db
_fltf Flmtf a àrrfona db`fka db ul peftflbra qub bl ulf nf`mtfomÿl eeblf
db nuha db efvfldf, bsa bs fsulta hèa y saea be tmbhpa dmræ ouæebs brfl efs
omroulstflomfs hæs prapmomfs, la ul bdmtar db trbs fe oufrta oal cfoturfs db
ef mhprbltf pbldmbltbs qub mltbltf fpravbonfrsb db efs susormpomalbs y efs
oaefàrfomalbs.
beea, oaha nfrèf _m easDmeemlgbr
Kanl onmoas qumbrbl carrfrsb,
oal efs vmudfs smbhprb nfy hbrofda pfrf
saemtfrmfs.
Akfeæ la dbsou`rfhas fegûl dèf qub ef pabsèf db Kanl Dmeemlgbr brf
hbkar qub ef lubstrf y qub Iblyal Pbvmbw bstf`f bl ea ombrta. Fnarf
hmsha, db`fka dbe peftflbra, oahmblza f vbr garrmalbs daldb fltbs vbèf
nfeoalbs, y su oflta la bs dbhfsmfda fcemgmda.

6=3:
YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

0 db blbra db 6=3:

Y…X _è, efs «pbquböfs¹ rbvmstfs efs puèmofl, bl su hfyarèf, ulf
pfldmeef db kÿvblbs mrrbspalsfèbs, bltusmfshfdas par bstfr bl ef
ulmvbrsmdfd, qub bspbrfl gflfr dmlbra. Bhpmbzfl oal mdbfebs fpfsmalfdas b
mdbfs fh`momasfs, latfs db rbonfza efrgfs y bxpemoftmvfs, pfrf fof`fr
aevmdflda ef pmef db hflusormtas dbtræs dbe sacæ a bl be frhfrma, huonas db
eas oufebs sb pmbrdbl a la sb dbvubevbl, y eubga sfofl f tadf prmsf ulf
sbeboomÿl mlsuesf y dbsefvfzfdf db pabhfs eeblas db brrarbs tmpagræcmoas
onfpuobras fltbs db ofsfrsb y dbsfpfrbobr dbe huldmeea oal oahbltfrmas dbe
tmpa «par cfetf db fpaya¹. ±Zar cfetf db fpaya1 ±Vumílbs oaöa sal pfrf
hbrboírsbea1
Frtb, pblsfr beEa ûlmoa db
lah`rb qubulfnfl nbonaprahaomalfref
rbvmstf, bs ofhucefrsby trfs ef cfonfdf
bspbrfr dbe
eas pabhfs
db eas hmshas 0:: a ?:: lah`rbs trmeefdas qub sb orbbl eas hbkarbs pabtfs
dbe pfès parqub ul mdmatf db 00 föas oal àlgÿs y ul `meebtb subeta db 2:
dÿefrbs fobptf sus pbarbs pabhfs.

Guy Awbl cub lavbemstf, bdmtar, orètmoa, pabtf y pracbsar9 puèmoÿ ef
rbvmstf Mhpbtus bl 6=3:.
pabsèf db @uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf

YF Guy AwblX
Oahmblzas db hfrza db 6=3:

Bs pasmèb sbr «oalsbrvfdar¹ y puèmofr ùblf pabsèf. Grfl pfrtb db ea
«hadbrla¹ tmblb ef dbscfonftbz prapmf db eas kÿvblbs sml bxpbrmblomf lm
sblsm`memdfd (vífsb Nbfrsb). Nfy pabtfs mhpastarbs bl tadfs efs bsoubefs,
gbltb qub bstæ bl be eugfr bqumvaofda, pbra fof`fl dbsfpfrbomblda parqub
ef vmdf eas blgueeb kulta oal ea dbhæs. Ef hfyarèf db eas pabtfs sal
kÿvblbs, tadfvèf la nfl smda ftrfpfdas par ef hfqumlfrmf db ef vmdf. Eas
paoas pabtfs hfyarbs sal eaoas a gblmas. Zfsf ea hmsha oal eas pmltarbs.
La bstay tfl sbgura parqub, fulqub pmlta, la bs hm bspbomfemdfd, pbra
supalga qub bs pfrbomda, y fnarf rboubrda f ul vmbka oalsbrkb crfloís qub
oalaoè bl ula db hms ûetmhas trf`fkas. Rl oalsbrkb f tmbhpa pfromfe,
bloarvfda, `b`bdar.
hftbhætmof, ul oæeouea Hb dmka db
cmeasÿcmoa qubef vmdf.
pmltf`f smgumblda
Ea flatf`f fltbsulf cÿrhuef
db pmltfrea.
_b trftf`f db ul pefl haluhbltfe qub m`f pmltflda paoa f paoa. Hb
fsbgurÿ qub nfèfrèf oal Zmofssa. La pudb bvmtfr rbèrhb; feeè bstæ`fhas, ul
bxpbdmdar y ul oalsbrkb dbsfrraeeflda tbarèfs bstítmofs hmbltrfs las
radbf`fl nah`rbs qub gflf`fl 6: vbobs hæs qub lasatras pbra qub bstf`fl
hæs saeas qub ef ulf. ±Vuí las dmob bsa dbe hada db vmdf lartbfhbrmofla1

Kal B. Wb`` cub ula db eas hfyarbs mloaldmomalfebs db @uiawsim;
puèmoÿ su pabsèf bl tadas eas lûhbras db Tnb Autsmdbr (6=36-6=3=), fsè
oaha sus das prmhbras nmtas emtbrfrmas, Ftrfpf hm oarfzÿl bl sus hflas
(6=3?) y Oruomcmka bl ulf hfla mlbrtb ( 6=32). Wb`` cub ula db eas paoas
bdmtarbs f qumblbs @uiawsim beagmÿ bl pûèmoa.
YF Kal B. Wb``X
0= db fgasta db 6=3:

Y…X _m lbobsmtfs ulf sbhèflzf… tfe vbz oalsmgfs sfofr fega bl oefra
db bstb ofas. Lfoè be 63->-6=0: bl Fldbrlfon, Febhflmf, pbra la nfèa
lfdf db febhæl, y hm mlgeís dbkf huona qub dbsbfr. Eas bdmtarbs hb dmobl,
sml qub vblgf f oublta, @uiawsim, la sf`bs dbebtrbfr lm bsorm`mr f hæqumlf
y smgubs usflda ef hmshf hfedmtf omltf. Bs qub la sf`bl qub bsf omltf sb
hb blrbdÿ bl be oardÿl uh`memofe y qub dbsdb bltalobs nb mltbltfda
rbgrbsfr oal hm hfdrb. Dbebtrbfr `mbl hb fùrrb…, orba qub efs pfef`rfs
sal hæs àlmtfs y padbrasfs ouflda sb bsorm`bl hfe. Zubs lfdf, yf say ul
tmpa hfyar; 4: fömtas. Bstay hæs foastuh`rfda f eas grmtas y f efs
smtufomalbs dmcèomebs qub ouflda tblèf 64 y hm vmbka hb df`f pfemzfs f `fsb
db `mbl sml hmrfhmbltas. ±Zar dÿldb è`fhas1 Eb dfrí atra sarà f ef
obrvbzf… Tfrgbts nf fobptfda sbms pabhfs hèas pfrf be lûhbra db
dmombh`rb… «Narsb al Cmrb¹, «Zuee Hb Tnru tnb Tbhpebs¹ y atrfs
parqubrèfs. Hb puèmofræl atra pabhf, «Kfpflbsb Wmcb¹, bl be lûhbra db
sbptmbh`rb. La bstæ lfdf hfe y fsè tbldrí gflfs db vmvmr ? a 4 sbhflfs hæs.
Tb ea oublta parqub hb nfob cbemz f hm hflbrf y bstay `b`mblda obrvbzf.
La hb mltbrbsf tflta ef cfhf oaha ef sblsfomÿl db qub la bstay eaoa y db
qub efs oasfs qub dmga sb bltmbldbl. Vuí ùblf bstæ ef obrvbzf hmbltrfs
hmra par ef vbltflf saebfdf, ¡ka, ka!, lm ulf hukbr par fquè, kadbr, lm
of`feeas qub gflfl par eas pbeas, lm oælobr, lm Pmh`fud lm DbHfss
pudrmíldasb db sècmems, saea cearbs db oaear lfrflkf sml f`bkfs y be oíspbd db
Ofemcarlmf pudrmíldasb sa`rb eas nubsas ofemcarlmflas putrbcfotas. Rl
hahblta. F`ra atrf obrvbzf. Mrí ? a 4 dèfs f Dbe Hfr pfrf gflfr be dmlbra
dbe fequmebr, nb mdbfda ul lubva smstbhf pfrf gflfr efs ofrrbrfs par eas
pbeas.
Bhpbzfrí atra pærrfca. Bs ea qub GbrYtrudbX _tbml hb nf`rèf dmona, pbra
Gbr. _t. bs atrf nmstarmf. Tadas bstfhas bl ea ombrta f lubstra hada, saea
qub fegulas oaltfhas oal ef fyudf db efs f`bkfs y eas dmasbs y efs eulfs y
eas tmgrbs qub àstbzfl bl oubvfs asourfs oal hûsmof db _brgYuímX
Pfonhælmlav y Oísfr Crfloi y catas db YFedausX Nuxeby nfèflda oal YD.
N.X Efwrblob, àrrfonas. Hfedmtf sbf; ef sbhèflzf, ef sbhèflzf, ef
sbhèflzf…, hb sf`b hfe, pbra tblga qub sbgumr. _al onarrfdfs, pbra la
sí, kadbr, ulf laonb bstf`f àrrfona y eb dm ulf ùblf nastmf f hm vmbka f
eas 67, y hb efrguí db ef omudfd. La hb ef dbvaevmÿ y hb sbltÿ hfe parqub
bsa carhf`f pfrtb db hè…, hb hmrf`f dbsdb be sacæ oaha ul oa`frdmof.

Smfkí par tada be hfedmta pfès y trf`fkí ofsm grftms pfrf qub f atras ebs cubrf
`mbl. La say ul rakmeea, pfsa db ef paeètmof, pbra efs oasfs bstæl hfe. Trf`fkí
bl ul hftfdbra, bl ulf cæ`rmof db pmblsa pfrf pbrras, bl be Dm Zmllf”s db
Hmfhm, db hboflÿgrfca bl be Mtbh db Lubvf Arebfls, bl ul `floa db
sflgrb db _fl Crflomsoa, oaeguí pÿstbrs bl be hbtra db Lubvf ]ari f vfrmas
hbtras `fka tmbrrf, àrrfona, sfetflda par bltrb eas tbrobras rmbebs darfdas,
rboagè fegadÿl bl _fl @brlfrdmla, tahftbs9 bxpbdmdar, ofhmalbra, fpastí
bl efs ofrrbrfs db of`feeas, hb sbltí narfs y narfs bl tfùrbtbs db `fr bl ul
pfès fùrrmda y pbldmbltb db efs fefrhfs, vmvè db efs putfs9 blofrgfda pfrf
Fhbrmofl Lbws Oa. bl Lubvf ]ari, rbpalbdar bl _bfrs-Pabùoi,
blofrgfda db gfsaemlbrf, ofrtbra… La rboubrda tadas eas trf`fkas, bs fega
`fstfltb fladmla y larhfe y oufequmbrf qub bstí bl ef oaef dbe pfra nf`ræ
nbona oasfs smhmefrbs. Y…X
±Zar dÿldb è`fhas1 Zar Dmas. Zubs `mbl, hmbltrfs trf`fkf`f bsorm`è ul
pfr db pabhfs, hb eas puèmofral bl Hftrmx, y eubga hb fùrrè db ef pabsèf
y bhpboí f hbtbreb hfla f eas oubltas. Zar ombrta, fofà db rbom`mr ulf
ofrtf db YBvbeylX Tnarlb, qumbl puèmof hms pabhfs hæs oeæsmoas y
fcbotfdas (hmbrdf, bsormà db oufequmbr hflbrf, la tblga rbhbdma), y hb
pusa db vubetf y hbdmf par hfedbssmr. Rl hahblta. F vbr. Eas oubltas.
Wnmt @urlbtt, db ef ebgbldfrmf rbvmstf _tary, puèmoÿ hm prmhbr rbefta bl
6=44. Tblèf 04 föas y vmvèf bl Grbblwmon Smeefgb, bl Lubvf ]ari, y yf be
prmhbr dèf hb dm oubltf db qub be Smeefgb bstf`f hubrta, brf be bspbkmsha db
eas ùblas tmbhpas. Kadbr, quí cfrsf. Pbom`è ulf ofrtf db ulf fgbltb qub hb
mlvmtf`f f oahbr y f tahfr ulf oapf…, qubrèf nfèfr oalhmga y sbr hm
fgbltb. Eb dmkb
hb dbspbdè, qubpusb
y hb la fbstf`f
`b`brprbpfrfda pfrf
vmla db`fka db vbref, qubFof`í
ef ofhf. la sf`èf bsorm`mr
bl ula y
db eas
eaofebs rbemgmasas db Cftnbr Dmvmlb f efs 3 db ef hfdrugfdf, àrrfona, bl ef
ofeeb (hb nf`èf dbkfda efs eefvbs dbltra db ofsf) y hurmíldahb db crèa bl
hflgfs db ofhmsf. ±Hb nf`èfs pbdmda ulf sbhèflzf, Wb``1 @ubla, quí
oaöa, lm zmqumbrf nfs nfsbptfda hms pahbfs.
Zubs lfdf, puèmquí fegûl qub atra oublta fquè y feeæ, la huonas. Eas
blvmf`f par oarrba f Ftefltmo Haltney, y sm la eas fobptf`fl eas rahpèf. La
sí ouæltfs hmebs db a`rfs hfbstrfs rahpè. Zra lalb. Sfrmfs pbrsalfs hb
nfl pbdmda qub bsorm`f ulf lavbef. Vub ebs dbl. La bsorm`mrèf ulf lavbef lm
fulqub hb ea supemofrf Krusonav. Hfldí tada f ef hmbrdf durfltb 6: a 62

föas, la bsorm`è lfdf. La supbrí be tbst dbe onmqumftrf dbe bkíromta. Hb sbltÿ
`mbl. Eebvf`f eas pfltfealbs oartas dbe rbvís, pbra la cub f prapÿsmta, vblèf
db ulf àrrfonbrf db ouftra sbhflfs. ¡Eas huy kaputfs pblsfral qub
bstf`f eaoa!
F vbr, Wbgg, qumbra dbomr Wb``, vay f par atrf `mrrf. ±Oÿha bs pasmèb
qub pfsbs 06 dèfs sml `b`br1 Bs ulf eaourf. Rlf vbz fof`í bl be fef pfrf
pa`rbs dbe naspmtfe…, hb sfeèf sflgrb f onarras par ef àof y be ouea…, hb
dbkfral tmrfda 0 dèfs bl ulf ofhf fltbs db nfobrhb ofsa, eubga sb ebs
aourrmÿ ef f`surdf mdbf db qub tblèf oaltfotas bl eas `fkas caldas y hb
hbtmbral sml pfrfr ofsm trbs emtras y hbdma db sflgrb y ouftra db geuoasf. Hb
dmkbral qub sm vaevèf f `b`br ef pfehfrèf. Fe ofà db 6? dèfs oalduoèf ul
ofhmÿl, ebvfltf`f pfqubtbs db hæs db 0: imeas y `b`èf vmla `frfta eebla db
fzucrb. La sb bltbrf`fl db lfdf; qubrèf pfehfref. Zbra, oaha `mbl sf`bl
fegulas sumomdfs, ef bstruoturf nuhflf pubdb sbr durf oaha be fobra.
Rl hahblta Wb``, ±p dÿldb è`fhas1
Zubs `mbl, sfeè db bstb pbrmada db 6: a 62 föas db àrrfonbrf, trf`fkas
db hmbrdf, tbrrar, lubobs bl efs sæ`flfs, oæsofrfs db lubobs, rftalbs qub
sfetf`fl oaha oanbtbs par nf`mtfomalbs db efs qub db`èf trbs sbhflfs db
fequmebr, suböas rbsfoasas, pftftfs vbrdbs, pfl pûrpurf, be fhar db hukbrbs
gardfs y vmbkfs qub tb nfoèfl eearfr par sus `frrmgumtfs obrvbobrfs, y fhar
rbsboa y rasfrmas db`fka db ef fehanfdf y catas db lmöas mhpuras…, lfdf
qub nfgf qub ul nah`rb sb smbltf sfevfkb y fudfz parqub saea qumbrb
fnarofrsb. Efs hukbrbs brfl hbkarbs qub lasatras, tadfs y ofdf ulf db
beefs. La bxmstbl efs putfs. Hb nfl ra`fda, dfda db nastmfs y pbgfda
efdmeefs,
nah`rbs,pbra
sè. Betbtírhmla
dmga quboarrbota
la bxmstbl
sbrèfefs putfs. Efs
putalfta. ]a hukbrbs
brf ula. la
Ea sal
smgafsè. Eas
smblda.
Zbra oaltmlubhas.
Fe ofà db 6: a 62 föas bhpboí f bsorm`mr db lubva…, tblèf ?2 föas y
saea hb sfeèf ZAB_ÈF. ±Vuí oaöa hb pfsf`f1 Hb dm oubltf db qub
fnarrf`f pfef`rfs… F Gbr. tfh`míl eb nf`rèf gustfda bsa, y fulqub bstæ
oefra qub fquè la pfra db dbspbrdmomfr pfef`rfs, sbgura qub sb hb
pbrdalfræ…, parqub fegumbl tmblb be oartfoíspbdbs blobldmda y
[RH@FFFFFFFF, pbra la pfsf lfdf, be sae bltrf par ef vbltflf y sublf
fega bl ef rfdma…, la sí be quí…, ea nf`rí bsouonfda ulf a 0das vbobs,
bstay nfrta db ea hmsha… @bbtnavbl, @rfnhs, @fon, Onfmiavsim, bto.

Zubs lfdf, eb hbtè hfla f ef pabsèf y hb ea pfsí `mbl. La hb sfemÿ hfe

dbe tada. Bhpmbza f oflsfrhb y la sí oÿha sbgumr.
@ubla, hb nfl puèmofda bl huonas smtmas, tblga ul ofkÿl eebla db
pbquböfs rbvmstfs bl eugfr db ofhmsfs.
Nb tblmda, a tuvb, fegulas dmasbs; Bzrf Z. fltbs db qub oahblzfrf f
ofrtbfrhb oal ulf fltmguf fhfltb suyf Y_nbrm HfrtmlbeemX… Zar supubsta,
YPa`mlsalX Kbccbrs smgub oal vmdf. Bemat hb pfrbomÿ ul apartulmstf, foudèf f
eas dmasbs bsourrmdmzas qub df`fl eas prbhmas sml àhà lm peftmeea, ea oufe
la bstæ lfdf hfe y bs fdhmrfèb, pbra eb cfetf`f nuhflmdfd, be nbrvar db ef
sflgrb, eas vfgfùldas mldmgbltbs y harmùldas bl rapf mltbrmar qub eebvfl
4 sbhflfs sml duonfrsb. La bstay palmblda f Bemat par eas subeas, smla f ef
bduofomÿl y sus dmbltbs pastmzas. Fprbldbrèf hæs db ef vmdf nfèflda oal
ul `fsurbra qub oal T. _. a, yf pubstas, qub oaltmga, Kal B. W. ±Zar dÿldb
è`fhas1 Y…X
Kal, bspbra
hbeadèfs… La eaqub tb gustb
sí, bstay fegûl tada
oflsfda…, pabhf bltrb rmbgf
be hulda tadfsbe oíspbd…,
efs hfedmtfs
la
bstæ hfe. Zubs lfdf, bstf bs ef sbhèflzf.
Zbrdè be àem,
F par beeas oal dmvfgfomalbs ofrobefrmfs…

Cbemx _tbcflmeb puèmoÿ ul pabhf db @uiawsim bl be lûhbra 64 db Tnb
_pfrraw bl 6=3:.
YF Cbemx _tbcflmebX
6= db sbptmbh`rb db 6=3:

La say ul «rftÿl db `mèmatbof¹ lm ul «hfrmqumtf¹…
Tu orètmof bs fobrtfdf; be pabhf qub tb blvmí brf ceaka y rbpbtmtmva, pbra
nb fquè ef oefvb dbe fsulta; HBKAPFP eas pabhfs la bs ea hèa. Nfy
dbhfsmfdas pabtfs qub rbvmsfl db carhf dbhfsmfda oalomblzudf sus
pabhfs
ZABHF.y ouflda ebbs ea qub puèmofl
Dmrèf mloeusa ul pabhfpfrbob qub dmobl…
la db`brèf sbr ulcèkftb `mblsmla
pabhf, bl bstb
ul

crfghblta db fega qub sfeb `mbl. La orba bl tíolmofs, bsoubefs lm

hfrmqumtfs…, orba qub nfy qub fcbrrfrsb f efs oartmlfs oaha ul halkb
àrrfona… y frrflofrefs, frrflofrefs, frrflofrefs…
Bspbra blvmfrtb fega pralta y, oríbhb, prbcmbra oal orbobs tu orètmof f ul
«ea sbltmhas¹ ul «la¹ a ul «la tblbhas bspfoma¹.
YF Kal Wb``X
Cmlfebs db sbptmbh`rb db 6=3:

Y…X Nb rbom`mda nay tu pastfe y bstay db foubrda oaltmga, bs `mbl
pasmèb nfèfr db ef vmdf bl ef pabsèf. Fprblda hæs db qumblbs lulof nfl
aèda nfèfr db Dyefl a _nfiby a Zraust a @fon a Zmofssa a Pbh`. a rubdfs
db oaearbs a ya quí sí quí. Oalazoa f ul pfr db àxbfdarbs (ula eebvf >
vmotarmfs oalsboutmvfs), ul pfr db pbrsalfs qub fpubstfl bl efs ofrrbrfs db
of`feeas, vfrmfs putfs, bxputfs y feoanÿemoas, pbra eas pabtfs sal db ea pbar
pfrf ef dmgbstmÿl y ef sblsm`memdfd, y sbrèf cæome hbtbrhb hæs oal beeas, pbra
sbgurfhbltb sal hbkarbs db oaha eas pmlta, y hb bqumvaoa bl huonfs
oasfs. Y…X
Bstay db foubrda oaltmga bl ea db ef «pabsèf paítmof¹, y tblga ef
mhprbsmÿl db qub ofsm tadf ef pabsèf, pfsfdf y prbsbltb, bs ul futíltmoa
crfofsa parqub ef mltblomÿl, ef armbltfomÿl y be ílcfsms la sal oaha tfeefr bl
pmbdrf,
oaha smoahbrsb
fegumbluldmkbrf;
sældwmon a tahfrsb
«Cèkftb, ulf oapf,
nb bsormta smla qub hæs
ul pabhf…, ¡bstb `mbl bs
bs hm
ZABHF!¹

W. E. Gfrlbr y Eeayd Fepfugn puèmofral ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl
vfrmas lûhbras db Tfrgbts.
YF W. E. GfrlbrX

= db lavmbh`rb db 6=3:

Y…X Orba qub nfy dbhfsmfdf pabsèf qub sb bsorm`b oaha «pabsèf¹ bl
eugfr db oalobpta. Bs dbomr, las bscarzfhas hæs db ef oubltf pfrf qub eas
pabhfs «sublbl¹ paítmoas. ]f ea dmka Lmbtzsonb ouflda eb prbgultfral
sa`rb eas pabtfs; «±Eas Zabtfs1 ¡Eas Zabtfs hmbltbl dbhfsmfda!¹ Be
pabhf, par su prapmf lfturfebzf, las pbrhmtb dbomr huonfs oasfs bl paoa
bspfoma, pbra ef hfyarèf dbomhas hæs db ea qub sbltmhas, a ouflda sahas
mlofpfobs db vbr a bsouepmr, rbourrmhas fe eblgufkb paítmoa, ouya prmlompfe
rbprbsbltfltb y fe`fobf bs ef pfef`rf B_TPBEEF.
YF Kal Wb``X
66 db dmombh`rb db 6=3:

Y…X Nfob tmbhpa hb oahbltfstb qub rbonfzf`fs f dmbstra y smlmbstra ef
a`rf db fegulas «lah`rbs¹ meustrbs. Bemgbs ea qub tb gustf, y fe cml y fe ofà
bsf bs ef efàr dbe bdmtar. Rlf vbz cum bdmtar db Nfrebquml y tblga ombrtf
mdbf db ef pabsèf qub sb blvèf f efs rbvmstfs, db ef pabsèf db fcmomalfdas,
prbtblomasf y lfdf armgmlfe qub eebgf par oarrba. _m puèmofr «lah`rbs¹ bs
smlÿlmha db puèmofr ùblf pabsèf, bltalobs eas futarbs dbsoalaomdas
tbldræl qub bsorm`mr ùblf pabsèf pfrf bltrfr bl be huldmeea. ±Db quí smrvb
rbonfzfr f eas
±Bs bsa ea qub«lah`rbs¹ y puèmofr
qumbrbl1 ±Rlf lubvfpabhfs
carhf hbdmaorbs
db `fkfr bedb emstÿl1
dbsoalaomdas1
±Fofsa
tbldrèfhas qub rbbhpefzfr f @bbtnavbl y Sfl Gagn par efs talfdmeefs y eas
àobtas db ef sböarf qub vmvb fe atra efda db ef ofeeb parqub lfdmb nf aèda
nfèfr db beef1 Hmbltrfs cum bdmtar db Nfrebquml saea puèmofhas f RL
pabtf nfstf bltalobs dbsoalaomda, ul kavbl db 6= föas db @raaieyl, sm la
hb cfeef ef hbharmf…, y, ful fsè, tuvmhas qub rboartfr `fstfltb eas ? a 4
pabhfs qub las blvmÿ. Dbspuís db fqubeea, la vaevmÿ f blvmfrlas lfdf qub
vfembsb ef pblf. ] tfh`míl rbom`mhas ofrtfs curmùldfs db oalaomdas y
dbsoalaomdas. Hb tmrf`f narfs bsorm`mblda ofrtfs db rbonfza db 0 a ?
pægmlfs pfrf bxpemofrebs par quí eas pabhfs la tbldrèfl of`mdf bl ef rbvmstf

bl eugfr db emhmtfrhb f dbomr «ea smblta, la¹ a blvmfrebs ulf latf db rbonfza
mhpbrsalfe. Zbra pbrdè narfs db suböa pfrf lfdf; tbldrèf qub nf`br bsormta
eas pabhfs qub la bsorm`è y la tbldrèf qub nf`brhb pbrdmda efs
àrrfonbrfs, a`rfs db tbftra y ofrrbrfs db of`feeas qub hb pbrdè, fe mgufe
qub efs ÿpbrfs, efs smlcalèfs…, parqub HM_ B_CRBP[A_, hms bscubrzas
par sbr oardmfe, nalbsta y oahprblsmva, sb vmbral rboahpblsfdas oal ofrtfs
rbpebtfs db rbsbltmhmblta, qubkfs, mlsuetas, vflmdfd y gflfs db pbebf. La hb
nf`rèf mhpartfda ul flæemsms sÿemda db hms brrarbs, pbra ±bsas gmhatbas y
ftfqubs1 La, grfomfs. Hb pfrbomÿ huy rfra qub ef gbltb cubsb tfl «of`ralf¹
(par usfr su tbrhmlaeagèf) y bsorm`mbsb pabsèf, pbra trfs nf`br oalaomda f
ulas oufltas pabtfs, sí qub bs pbrcbotfhbltb pasmèb. ] la hb rbcmbra f ef
euonf emhpmf, ef rb`bedèf, be vfear, smla f eas frrm`mstfs dbspravmstas db
bspmrmtufemdfd.

@uiawsim
puèmofda bl beormtmoÿ
oufrtaeas Ofltasdbdb
lûhbra Zauld
Tfrgbts blbl be .pabhf «Narsb al Cmrb¹,
6=3:
YF W.
W. E. Gfrlbr y Eeayd FepfugnX
Cmlfebs db dmombh`rb db 6=3:

Y…X Be vmbka BzYrf ZauldX sb paldræ nbona ulf curmf ouflda ebf «Narsb
al Cmrb¹, sus
oarrbgmr pbrahadfebs.
nfstf eas]grfldbs
_nbrm sb bqumvaoflsb f qubkfræ,
Hfrtmlbeem vbobs y bs oasf±par
pbra lubstrf
quí
eearmqubfral par su dbemofda oflta y hb ea oaltfral eubga1 _ay ul tmpa
pbemgrasa ouflda sb hb dbkf saea crbltb f ulf hæqumlf db bsorm`mr.

6=36
YF Kal Wb``X
Cmlfebs db blbra db 6=36

Y…X Crfofsfhas ouflda oahblzfhas f hbltmrlas bl eas pabhfs saea
parqub qubrbhas orbfr ul pabhf. Zar bsa lulof rbvmsa lfdf y dbka tada tfe
oufe ea bsormà9 sm nb hbltmda bl ul prmlompma, la smrvb db lfdf rbvmsfr eas
pabhfs, y sm la nb hbltmda la tblga lfdf db ea qub prbaoupfrhb. F vbobs
eba pabhfs bl rbvmstfs oaha Zabtry db Onmofga y lata qub eas nfl
obpmeefda y puemda. Zfsa efs pægmlfs y lfdf, saea hfrmpasfs, hfrmpasfs ofsm
sml vmdf. Hb qubda flalfdfda ouflda eba bstf rbvmstf parqub la tmblb
onmspf, la pfsf lfdf. ] supalga qub orbbl qub bsa bs pabsèf; ulf grfl lfdf
sml onmspf. Nfèfl db fega `mbl prbsbltfda, pbra bs tfl sutme qub la
trflshmtb lfdf. ] pmblsfl
saea bs mltbemgbltb sm tb qub bsa bs
sfoudb efsfrtb mltbemgbltb.
bltrföfs, db ea¡Gmempaeebobs!
oaltrfrma bsBe purf
frtb
oursmebrèf, ±y oÿha bs pasmèb qub Zabtry bstí eeblf db oursmefdfs1 ]f hb
dmræs.
Feeæ par 6=23, ouflda bhpboí f bsorm`mr pabsèf yf hfyaromta f eas ?2
föas dbspuís db nf`brhb dbsflgrfda par ef àof y be ouea (fnarf say hæs
sblsfta y la `bà wnmsiy, fulqub ulf hukbr dmob qub be vmbrlbs pfsfda
bstuvb tfh`febældahb bl su ofsf `b`mblda aparta), pubs `mbl, bl 6=23 ef
rbvmstf Bxpbrmhblt fobptÿ
fobptÿ vfrmas pabhfs hèas y fnarf, fe ofà db 2 föas,
hb dmobl qub puèmofræl ula db beeas. Lulof nf`èf vmsta f lfdmb tahfrsb efs
oasfs oal tfltf ofehf. Hb dmobl qub sfedræ bl kulma db 6=36 y supalga qub

ouflda ea ebf sbræ oaha ulf bspbomb db bpmtfcma. Ef bdmtarf hb sugmrmÿ qub
blvmfsb 6: dÿefrbs y pfrtmompfsb bl be Bxpbrmhblt Graup. Zar supubsta, eb
dmkb qub la. Kadbr, sm nay nu`mbrf fpastfda dmbz dÿefrbs hæs fe of`feea
gflfdar fnarf bstfrèf sfetflda db febgrèf.
Oarrmlgtal dmob qub Oarsa y Cbremlgnbttm tmblbl tfeblta. La eba tflta
oaha db`brèf, pbra orba qub be pabtf hadbrla tbldrèf qub rbcebkfr ef
oarrmbltb db ef vmdf hadbrlf, la nfy qub sbgumr bsorm`mblda oaha Crast,
Zauld, Ouhhmlgs a Fudbl, bs oaha sm sb nu`mbrfl dbsvmfda db ef hbtf
dflda trfspmís, sb nfl qubdfda fltmguas. _mbhprb nb pblsfda qub Crast
df`f trfspmís y qub sb sfemÿ oal ef suyf f `fsb db sfldbobs. ] sè, ombrta, eb
dbkfral qub nfèfrf bl hbdma db ef lmbvb be dèf db ef mlfugurfomÿl, y
pfrboèf ul huöboa sml vmdf y ombga, `feùobflda mdbfs pa`rbs. Zubs huy
`mbl. _m smga vmblda oasfs fsè fof`frí nfomíldahb hmbh`ra dbe pfrtmda
oahulmstf a hb paldrí ul `rfzfebtb lbgra a dbkfrí qub ul hfrmof hb nfgf
ea qub qumbrf. Bspbra la aevmdfrea ouflda hb nfgf vmbka, pbra Crast
smbhprb nf smda be cfvarmta, y sm fegulf vbz nf frrmbsgfda, sb ea nf tblmda
`mbl ofeefda. Y…X
Rlf vbz bstf`f bl Ftefltf y fpblfs vbèf be cmlfe dbe ofèb db ef euz…,
bstf`f oartfda y la nf`èf àh`meef y vmvèf bl ulf ofsuonf sa`rb ul publtb
qub hb oastf`f ul dÿefr y vbmltmomloa obltfvas f ef sbhflf…, hb harèf db
crèa hmbltrfs mltbltf`f bsorm`mr, fulqub ea qub hæs dbsbf`f brf `b`br y be
sae db Ofemcarlmf bstf`f `mbl ebkas, y pblsí; quí oaöa, hb ofebltfrí ul paoa,
y fefrguí ef hfla y taquí be ofèb, pbra la nf`èf bebotrmomdfd y sfeè cubrf y
hb qubdí db`fka db ul æràe oalgbefda y par ulf vbltflf bhpföfdf par be
crèa gíemda
hmlutas vm f ul tbldbra
nfèflda db lfdf,vbldmblda ul pfl
y eas a`sbrví f ulf
y kura sböarf
kura y sb pfsfral
qub dmkb; dmbz
¡f ef hmbrdf
oal tada!, y hmrí nfomf ea feta y efs rfhfs dbe æràe oalgbefda fpultf`fl
nfomf ul ombea qub lulof hb nf`èf vmsta, y hb dmka; la tb oalazoa y brbs ul
dal lfdmb. Oÿha hb daemÿ. _m eas dmasbs bxmstbl, su culomÿl la bs
tarturfrlas y palbrlas f prub`f pfrf vbr sm sa`rbvmvmrbhas bl be cutura smla
nfobrlas fega ùbla bl be prbsbltb, kadbr. Be cutura la bs hæs qub ulf hfef
oarfzalfdf, yf ea dmka _nfibspbfrb9 db ea oaltrfrma mrèfhas db of`bzf feeè.
Zbra saea vbhas efs oasfs oal oefrmdfd ouflda bstfhas bltrb ef bspfdf y ef
pfrbd. Tada ea dbhæs sal oalkbturfs, oalkbturfs y gmempaeebobs y pflcebtas.

YF Kal Wb``X
02 db hfrza db 6=36

Y…X ea qub hb haebstf bs ouflda eba fega sa`rb eas vmbkas grupas
emtbrfrmas pfrmsmblsbs, a qub fegumbl oalaoèf f fegumbl bl eas vmbkas tmbhpas.
Bltalobs nfoèfl ea hmsha, sb cmkf`fl bl eas lah`rbs pfsfdas y prbsbltbs.
Orba qub Nbhmlgwfy bstæ bsorm`mblda ul em`ra sa`rb bsa. _bf oaha sbf, la
hb ea trfga. La saparta f eas bsormtarbs a bdmtarbs lm f lfdmb qub qumbrf
nfèfr sa`rb Frtb. Fltbs db ef nbharrfgmf vmvè ? föas bl ul natbe db eas
`fkas caldas y hb bhàrrfonf`f tadfs efs laonbs oal ul bxprbsmdmfrma, ef
ofhfrbrf, ul mldma, ulf tèf qub pfrboèf qub eebvf`f pbeuof y ? a 4 fehfs
brrfltbs. Lfdmb sf`èf qumílbs brfl _nastfiÿvmon a _nbeeby Wmltbrs, y las
mhpartf`f ulf hmbrdf. Lubstrf prmlompfe prbaoupfomÿl brf qub fegumbl cubrf
fhblsfkbra
ùsofr feoanae
y sm la eaouflda sb las
oalsbguèf fof`f`f.
(tbl bl oubltf Bhpbzæ`fhas oal bedmlbra)
qub fpblfs tblèfhas pbar
bltalobs pfsæ`fhas fe smgumbltb. La bs par lfdf, pbra ya brf be hbkar. ]
ouflda be ûetmha db beeas bltrf`f tfh`febældasb par ef pubrtf, pæemda y
fvbrgalzfda, @uiawsim sb ebvfltf`f hfedmomblda, sb blculdf`f ef ofpf
rfèdf b m`f blcfdfda y sbgura nfstf ef tmbldf db `b`mdfs feoanÿemofs db
Dmoi, y eb prbsmalf`f, bh`fuof`f y bxprmhèf nfstf dbkfrea ftaealdrfda9
bltrf`f curmasa, la oaha ul hbldmga, y eb pbdèf ea qub qubrèf. Dmoi lulof
sf`èf sm tblèf dmlbra a la. F vbobs eb blgföf`f y tblèf dmlbra, pbra ef
hfyarèf db efs vbobs la tblèf lfdf. Dmoi oaeaof`f efs àtbeefs dbefltb db
hè, efs hbtèf bl ulf àesf y ya efs oagèf, blcfdfda.
-Fpûltfhbea bl ef oubltf -eb dboèf.
Bltalobs oahblzf`f ef vmbkf ofltmlbef; pbra, par Dmas, yf hb db`bs bsta
y ea atra, nfob ul hbs qub la pfgfs lfdf y…
Eebgf`f bltalobs be hahblta db ef CFP_F. ]f tblèf efs àtbeefs bl ef
àesf, padrèf efrgfrhb tfe oufe, pbra ef palèf dbefltb db íe, sfof`f efs
àtbeefs ulf f ulf y efs bhpukf`f nfomf íe.
-¡Tahf,
-¡Tahf, quídftbefs! ¡Mrí f oahprfr f atra efda!
-La, la -dboèf-, oÿgbefs, la pfsf lfdf.
_fof`f ul traomta db pfpbe y efs föfdèf fe tatfe.

-F vbr bsa -eb bxmgèf-. ¡Zar Dmas! ¡La tb dbà tflta! ±Vuí bs bsta qub
tmblbs fpultfda fquè1
La brf hæs qub ulf bsoblf pfrf qub orbybrf qub fegûl dèf eb pfgfrèf.
Bltalobs brf Dmoi be qub trftf`f db bh`fuofrhb;
-Brbs ul of`feebra. La brbs oaha eas atras, oalcèa bl tm.
Fof`ÿ blcbrhflda y vbldmÿ ef tmbldf, y ouflda eebgÿ be smgumbltb
prapmbtfrma bhpboí ulf oubltf lubvf…
±] quí pfsÿ1 Rl dahmlga f efs aona bl pulta db ef hföflf, kadbr, f efs
AONA BL ZRLTA, eefhfral f ef pubrtf, ef f`rè y nf`èf ul bdmtar;
-Naef, say tfe y tfe, bdmtar db tfe y tfe, rbom`mhas tu rbefta y las pfrbomÿ
paoa oarrmbltb, ea puèmofrbhas bl be lûhbra db prmhfvbrf.
-Fdbefltb, pfsf -eb dmkb-, oumdfda, la trapmbobs oal efs àtbeefs.
Hb qubdí sbltfda hmbltrfs hb oaltf`f qub su hukbr eb rbspbtf`f
huona y qub nf`èf puèmofda ul rbefta bl Tnb Ftefltmo Haltney, y yf sf`bs
oÿha eb dfl f ef eblguf. Fe cmlfe sb cub y fe ofà db ul hbs a fsè hb
eefhfral fe tbeícala dbe vbstèùea, fulqub bstf vbz cub ulf hukbr;
-@uiawsim, be rbefta bs db ea hæs mlusufe, y be atra dèf be grupa bdmtarmfe
ea bstuva vfearflda y eebgfhas f ef oaloeusmÿl db qub tblèf ul pulta dí`me
y nbhas pblsfda qub tfe vbz padrèfs oarrbgmr be pulta dí`me, qub bs bstb;
±ZAP VRÍ BHZB[ß F @B@BP BE ZBP_ALFKB ZPMLOMZFE1
-Aevèdfea, hældfhb be oublta db vubetf -dmkb, y oaeguí.
Saevè f ef nf`mtfomÿl
nf` mtfomÿl y be mldma ebvfltÿ ef vmstf.
-±Vumíl brf1 -prbgultÿ.
-Lfdmb
-dmkb. Ef rbspubstf la padrèf nf`br smda hæs fobrtfdf.
Kanl Wmeemfh Oarrmlgtal, atra cbrvmbltb fdhmrfdar db ef a`rf db
@uiawsim, cub ula db eas prmhbras fofdíhmoas bl dbcbldbr f ofpf y bspfdf
be «bspèrmtu mldÿhmta¹ db ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl vfrmfs rbsböfs b
mltraduoomalbs.
YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

06 db f`rme db 6=36

Bstæ oefra qub huonas bdmtarbs smgubl rbspbtflda fe pmb db ef ebtrf tada
ouflta ebs prbobdb. Be sfltufrma db efs larhfs la smglmcmof lfdf pfrf be
orbfdar vbrdfdbra. Ef hbdmaormdfd bs kustmcmofèb ouflda a`sbrvfhas
àrrfonas ef pægmlf bl èfloa, pbra la nfy bxousf qub vfegf sm ef
hbdmaormdfd bs cruta db bsoubefs a hadfs a be vfebtudmlfrma dbvaomalfrma
qub dmob; ¡carhf, carhf, carhf! ¡Btmquítfea!
Dbkbhas qub nfyf bspfoma y brrar, nmstbrmf y fcemoomÿl. Hbkar la puemr
efs oasfs nfstf qub tblgfhas ulf pbeatf qub rubdb oaha bl be hbkar db eas
truoas. Zfsf db tada; sb ofrgfl fe sfobrdatb bl be rbtrbtb9 eas fvmspalbs sb
onutfl nbraèlf sml dbsoflsa9 tb dbkfl sml bspbotæouea9 tu hukbr sb efrgf oal
ul mdmatf qub lulof nf ebèda f Ifcif9 eas oaonbs pfsfl durfltb narfs kulta
f eas mltbstmlas y fe orælba pbgfdas fe fscfeta db ul gfta frraeefda9 eas lmöas
hubrbl f eas ef
hasqumtbrfs…, = trfybotarmf
y f eas =79 efs «carhf¹
db ef hasofs bsqubdfl ftrfpfdfs
hæs qub bl efs
a`vmf. _ay be
prmhbra bl dbomr qub la nfy qub bhpbzfr db obra, pbra la nf`rèf qub
oalcarhfrsb oal ul > a ul = smla oal ul 66 oaha hèlmha. Zadbhas sbgumr
rbpmtmblda efs vbrdfdbs, y supalga qub ea nbhas nbona `fstfltb `mbl, pbra
hb gustfrèf qub tfh`míl grmtærfhas oaha pasbsas, sm bs qub sahas ea
`fstfltb nah`rbs, sa`rb ea qub la bs vbrdfd, ea qub la tmblb carhf lm lulof
ef tbldræ. Tblbhas
Tblbhas qub dbkfr qub ef vbef frdf y, sm nfob cfetf, vbrtbr gfsaemlf
sa`rb ef hmshf. Oalaobhas `mbl ea qub bs oahûl, pbra dbsdb efs vbltflfs
tfh`míl sb aybl grmtas…, ulf nmstbrmf frtèstmof cruta db rbspmrfr bl ef
lborÿpaems…, ouflda f vbobs ef hûsmof sb dbtmblb y las dbkf 4 pfrbdbs db
gahf a ormstfe a pmbdrf a, pbar fûl, sml pfrbdbs, pa`rbs y hubrtas db crèa bl
ef Ftefltf dbe oarfzÿl. Oalobltrfrsb bl ef carhf y ef eÿgmof, efs larhfs
bstfèbomdfs, bs ulf mh`bomemdfd bl hbdma db ef eaourf.
La hb oflsfrí db dbomrtb ea huona qub hb bxfspbrfl eas bsormtarbs
oumdfdasas oal sus orbfomalbs trmeefdfs y peflmcmofdfs nfstf be ûetmha
dbtfeeb. Ef orbfomÿl bs ul dal y ulf blcbrhbdfd. Hb nf bstrbhbomda y hb
nf dbspbrtfda pfrf oaltbhpefr efs pfrbdbs f efs 2 db ef hfdrugfdf. ] efs
oaltbhpefomalbs oalduobl f ef eaourf oaha ul pbrra oal ulf huöbof db
trfpa bl ulf ofsf vfoèf. Rlf vaz las dmob qub a`sbrvbhas be tbrrar hæs feeæ
db íe9 Ofà Oföfvbrfe, Ofà Oföfvbrfe la tmblb lfdf qub blvmdmfrlas.

kadbr, bs ef narf db ef prudblomf; las nfl blsböfda f ofhucefrlas, f vahmtfr

dmasbs par bltrb vbrsas àrrasas. Atrf vaz las dmob qub bsouepfhas usflda
hærhae lubva… ±Vuí hæs df, dmob ulf tbrobrf, quí hæs df1 efs tèfs db tbz
oefrf sb nfl mda, oal efs emgfs bl ea feta db ef pmbrlf9 be bloflta db eas 6>
sal eas >:, y eas `bsas (sbrpmbltbs frrakflda peftf eèqumdf) nfl eebgfda f su
cml. ef hfgmf lulof durf…, nfstf qub ul dèf tb ftrfpf f efs 2 db ef
hfdrugfdf9 blombldbs be cubga, tb smrvbs ulf oapf f tadf prmsf y be fehf sb
frrfstrf oaha ul rftÿl bl ulf dbspblsf vfoèf. sbrvmrèf db fega sm cubsbs be
Grboa a mloeusa ulf sbrpmbltb db fguf.
atrf obrvbzf. vblgf, crÿtftb efs hflas y dbhubstrf qub bstæs vmva. ef
sbrmbdfd la sbrvmræ. rboarrb be subea.
bs be dal, bs be dal…
Bstæ oefra qub be bloflta db harmr bs qub lfdf sb nf`ræ pbrdmda.
YF Nmedf DaaemttebX
0= db kulma db 6=36

_nbrm H. hb nf dmona qub bstæs huy blcbrhf. Brbs ulf ebybldf bltrb
lasatras. Fofà db tbrhmlfr tu ûetmha em`ra db pabhfs ( Bvbrgrbbl
Bvbrgrbbl). Bspbra
la pfrbobr ul mdmatf fe dbsbfrtb ea hbkar y vaevbr f bsorm`mrtb.
Oal ofrmöa,
YF Kal Wb``X
Cmlfebs db kuema db 6=36

Y…X Ef atrf laonb ebybral hms pabhfs bl ef rfdma. La hb nf`rèf
bltbrfda db la sbr par YKaryX _nbrhfl, qub bstæ fe dèf db tada y hb fvmsÿ
par tbeícala. Hb bhàrrfoní y bsouoní be pragrfhf. _b hb nmza rfra qub
eas pabhfs sfembrfl par be fetfvaz db ef hmshf rfdma par ef qub amga efs

latmomfs, eas ftfsoas bl ef futapmstf, @bbtnavbl y eas pfrtmdas db cûtàe. Rla

db eas 62 pabhfs cub be db efs rasfs qub sfemÿ bl Autsmdbr. Tfh`míl ebybral
crfghbltas db hms ofrtfs sa`rb eas rbomtfebs paítmoas, bdmtarbs y orètmoas a
fega fsè, y be pûèmoa sb rbèf f rftas, fe mgufe qub oal ul pfr db pabhfs, fsè
qub la hb sbltè tfl hfe, pbra ouflda hb ebvfltí f par atrf obrvbzf pmsí ul
traza db ormstfe db 7 obltèhbtras (hm ofsf bs ul dbsfstrb) y sb hb nuldmÿ bl
be tfeÿl, ea frrflquí y ef nbrmdf bstuva sflgrflda ul pfr db narfs. Hb pfsb
ulf sbhflf oakbflda y ul dèf hb dbspbrtí `föfda bl sudar, frdmblda,
vahmtflda…, fe prmlompma pblsí qub brf par ef rbsfof, pbra fe ofà db ul
rfta ofh`mí db mdbf y oaldukb nfstf Naeeywaad @evd. pfrf vbr f ul tfe
daotar Efldbrs y hb pmlonfral. Saevè f ofsf, f`rè ulf obrvbzf y pmsí atra
traza db ormstfe.
Kadbr, ebè bl Autsmdbr qub db kavbl YNblryX Hmeebr nfoèf oapmfs bl pfpbe
ofr`ÿl db sus bsormtas y efs blvmf`f f tada be hulda. Zfrf hè bs fega
mloalob`mèb, pbra supalga qub Hmeebr la vbèf apartulmdfdbs y efs orbf`f íe
hmsha. Ofdf bsormtar tmblb ulf bstrftbgmf dmcbrbltb, fulqub dbspuís db qub
Gravb puèmofrf Trÿpmoa db oælobr y ea eebvfsb f efs hfsfs, nf smda ul
crfofsa bl ofsm tadfs pfrtbs. Ef rbvmstf Emcb y tfh`míl atrfs eb nfl dfda ulf
ùblf pftfdf f Nbhmlgwfy, y ef vbrdfd bs qub sb ea hbrboèf par nf`brsb
vbldmda dbspuís db eas prmhbras em`ras, y bsa brf fega qub yf sf`èf pbra qub
lfdmb sb ftrbvmÿ f dbomr nfstf dbspuís db qub sb sumomdfsb. ±Zar quí
bspbrfral1
Bl bsblomf, Cfueilbr bs oaha Nbh. Be pûèmoa sb ea nf trfgfda db gaepb
y eas orètmoas, fega hæs sutmebs, sb smbltbl sbguras y ea mlomtfl, pbra grfl
pfrtb db ef a`rf
hfqumeefdf oal db Cfueilbr bsy purf
mltbemgblomf, hmbrdf,
ouflda hubrfpbra
ebsbsoastfræ
ulf hmbrdf mltbemgbltb,
palbrea par eas
subeas parqub la fof`fl db bltbldbrea, y oaha la bltmbldbl eas pfsfkbs
fladmlas y nuboas, efs oursmvfs mlfof`fèbs, pblsfræl qub bs ul gblma.

Cmlfebs db fgasta db 6=36

Y…X ]f sf`bs qub say huy dbsoumdfda, la tblga oapmfs bl pfpbe ofr`ÿl
db hms pabhfs. Hb nfl fobptfda huonas pabhfs db eas qub la tblga
oapmfs. Nb blvmfda huonas pabhfs qub la nfl fobptfda y qub la hb nfl
dbvubeta db eas qub tfhpaoa tblga oapmfs. F vbobs day oal ul traza db
pfpbe hflusormta a ul pabhf hboflagrfcmfda pbra la sí sm ea nfl fobptfda
a sm tfl smqumbrf ea nb blvmfda. Zbrdè ulf emstf bl ef qub palèf f quí rbvmstfs
nf`èf blvmfda eas pabhfs a ouæebs nf`èfl fobptfda, fulqub la sf`èf eas
tètueas db eas pabhfs. Rlf vbz bstuvb ofsfda oal ulf hukbr Y@fr`frf CryX
qub la dbkf`f db sarprbldbrhb. Bsorm`èf ul pabhf y ea blvmf`f, flatf`f be
tètuea, ef cbonf y dÿldb ea nf`èf blvmfda… Tblèf ul em`ra db oaltf`memdfd
blarhb huy àlmta oal ulf emstf db rbvmstfs, y ef emstf db rbvmstfs bstf`f
tfonfdf bl ul sbltmda a nf`èf rfyfs fzuebs sa`rb rfyfs lfrflkfs a fega y
palèf ulas fstbrmsoas pbquböas ****pfrf ulmrea tada. Brf ulf pfsfdf. Zadèf
blvmfr be hmsha pabhf f 0: a ?: rbvmstfs usflda eas fstbrmsoas **************
**********
y lulof eas blvmf`f f ef hmshf rbvmstf, ¡nurrf! Hb rbgfeÿ ul em`ra,
pbra saea dmùkí oasfs a`soblfs. Ofdf vbz qub bsormvèf ul pabhf ea foèf bl
ul pfpbe bspbomfe qub eubga pbgf`f bl be em`ra (oal ef cbonf). Hb mrèf `mbl
tblbr tfltf blbrgèf, pbra orba qub hb sbltmrèf oaha sm bstuvmbrf vbldmblda
sukbtfdarbs db pubrtf bl pubrtf.

6=30

F`rme db 6=30

Y…X Rlf vbz Cry hb mlomtÿ f dmùkfr vmöbtfs oal tbxta bl pefl db oaöf,
y hb pfsí ef laonb dbspmbrta, `b`mblda y dmùkflda efs vmöbtfs, rmíldahb
db hm prapmf eaourf. Dmùkí tfltfs vmöbtfs qub f ef hföflf smgumbltb la hb
of`èfl bl lmlgûl sa`rb, fsè qub efs hbtè tadfs bl ulf ofkf db ofrtÿl y efs
blvmí f Lbw ]aribr
]aribr a Bsqumrb, y dbltra pusb sbeeas db sa`rf pfrf qub hb efs
dbvaevmbrfl sm la efs fobptf`fl. _bgura qub pblsfral qub bstf`f oaegfda a
qub brf ul prmlompmfltb. Lulof hb efs dbvaevmbral. Ebs bsorm`è y prbgultí
par hms 42 vmöbtfs y lulof hb efs dbvaevmbral. «La nbhas rbom`mda tfe
pfqubtb¹, hb bsorm`mÿ ula db eas bdmtarbs. Zbra fe ofà db ul pfr db hbsbs
bstf`f
Hfl blefulf
, bl qub`fr`brèf y vmcustmgf`f
ul kmlbtb ula db hms
f ulonmstbs
of`feeabloal
ulful
rbvmstf,
eætmgaorba
oal qub
ulf brf
db
bsfs àefs rbdaldfs oal pûfs, y ul tmpa qub bstæ kulta f ulf `frfldmeef eb
dmob f atra; «Rl onmoa huy hfebduofda pbra bcmofz.¹ Nf`èfl ofh`mfda be
tbxta y be dmùka ul paoa, pbra sb pfrboèf dbhfsmfda f hm vmöbtf. La ea sí,
la hb cmkí huona, la subea cmkfrhb bl efs rbvmstfs a tfe vbz sè ea nfga sml
dfrhb oubltf, pbra la dbkf`f db vbr hms mdbfs y dmùkas oal pbquböas
ofh`mas9 sb pfrboèfl dbhfsmfda oaha pfrf la sbr hms vmöbtfs, fulqub efs
hèfs bstf`fl hbkar bkboutfdfs. Ouflda vm ula db hms dmùkas sml tbxta (hb
rbcmbra f qub ef mdbf brf hèf, la be dmùka) bl ef ZAPTFDF dbe Lbw ]aribr
]aribr
supb qub hb nf`èfl tahfda be pbea parqub brf ef hmshf vmöbtf; sb vbèf ul

efga `fka ef eulf eebla db oflafs oal nah`rbs y hukbrbs, y eas nah`rbs
taof`fl ef gumtfrrf y df`fl ulf sbrblftf f efs hukbrbs, sfeva par ulf oflaf
bl be obltra dbe efga bl ef qub nf`èf ul tmpa qub taof`f ulf trahpf gmgfltb.
La rboubrda sm nf`èf ulf hukbr a la bl bsf oflaf, sbgurfhbltb sè, pbra
fnarf qub say hfyar orba qub nf`rèf smda hæs dmvbrtmda sm la nu`mbrf
dmùkfda f ef tèf. Zubs bsa, cub ulf pírdmdf db tmbhpa y la dmùkí hæs
vmöbtfs nfstf qub @bl Tm``s ef ofgÿ oal ef ou`mbrtf db hm em`rmta Ealgsnat
Zahbs y eb dmkb f YOfreX Efrsbl; kadbr, nfstf ya ea nfrèf hbkar. Vumbra dbomr
qub, fe mgufe qub oal efs vmöbtfs a efs lavbefs, la sí oÿha sb nfobl efs
oasfs y prbcmbra la pbrdbr be tmbhpa nfomíldaea tada fe rbvís pfrf qub eubga
ul fduefdar db trbs fe oufrta ea tbrgmvbrsb f su fltaka. Orbèf qub be hulda
dbe Frtb sbrèf emhpma. ] ulf hmbrdf. Nfy hæs puepas sml bsorûpueas y
hfemglas bl be hulda dbe Frtb qub bl oufequmbr atra lbgaoma parqub bl ul
lbgaoma ef gbltb saea qumbrb ulf ofsf hæs grfldb y ul oaonb hæs grfldb y
ulf putf db hæs, pbra bsb mhpuesa la lfob db ulfs bltrföfs rbtaromdfs qub
bxmgbl ul PBOALAOMHMBLTA qub vf hæs feeæ db ea eÿgmoa y dbobltb,
mldbpbldmbltbhbltb db oÿha sb oalsmgf. Zar bsa fegulas bdmtarbs sal tfl
nmkas db putf; oaha sal mlofpfobs db ourrærsbea, mltbltfl fsaomfrsb oal
qumblbs sb ea ourrfl db vbrdfd bsouepmblda hærhae lubva…, par bsa
huonas db beeas la rbspaldbl f efs ofrtfs sa`rb be hftbrmfe qub sb ebs nf
blvmfda; eas huy of`ralbs yf la tmblbl euobs.
Rlf vbz Cry hb oalvblomÿ pfrf qub bstudmfrf par ef laonb dmsböa
græcmoa db puèmomdfd. Be pracbsar trf`fkf`f pfrf ulf bhprbsf db dmsböa
græcmoa db dèf y df`f oefsbs db laonb. Oaeaof`f bl ef pmzfrrf ea qub
nf`èfhas nbona ul
bhprbsf lbobsmtf bl ofrtbe
ofsf pfrf
y ulfefsvbz kusta fltbs
gfsaemlbrfs db lfvmdfdbs
Tbxfoa, dmka;
y qumbra qub «Hm
f pfrtmr
db fnarf bstb sbf vubstra praèbhf. Dmsböfd fega pfrf ul fluloma
lfvmdböa.¹ Zubs lfdf, eebgÿ be hahblta y rboarrmÿ ef pmzfrrf hmrflda eas
dmùkas nfstf qub eebgÿ fe hèa, y blcurbomda sb vaevmÿ nfomf ef oefsb y
`rfhÿ;
-±VRMÍL NF NBONA B_TB1
-]a -fdhmtè-. Orbè qub palbr ef bstrbeef y be bhèbhf db Tbxfoa bl ea
feta dbe æràe brf ulf ùblf mdbf.
-Lfdf db æràebs lfvmdböas, par cfvar. Bstb dmùka la smrvb, nfzhb atra
-dmka, y smgumÿ ofhmlflda.

Fe ofà db ul pfr db sbhflfs las dmka bl oefsb; «Hm bhprbsf y eas

bkboutmvas db Tbxfoa nfl bsoagmda be fluloma lfvmdböa.¹ Ea sastuva bl
feta. Kusta bl bsb hahblta hb ùsoÿ oal ef hmrfdf. ]f sf`bs quí las
blsböÿ; ul æràe lfvmdböa oal ef bstrbeef db Tbxfoa bl be feta, fulqub
nf`èfl pubsta f ul blofrgfda db gfsaemlbrfs dbltra dbe æràe… La dmkb
lfdf. Zadrèf nf`brea dbkfda bl rmdèouea, pbra la hb vfl efs dmsousmalbs lm
eas hfeas raeeas. Íe sf`èf qub ya ea sf`èf, y bsa hb `fstf`f. Dbkí efs oefsbs
y hb bhàrrfoní. Eubga, bl lfvmdfdbs, ofdf vbz qub pfsæ`fhas par
dbefltb db ulf gfsaemlbrf Tbxfoa eb dboèf f Cry; «Cèkftb `mbl, lblf, bsb bs
hm dmùka…, ±la bstæs argueeasf db hè1¹
f ea qub vay bs qub sm bsorm`mbsb ulf lavbef bl pfpbe db vætbr fegumbl sb
emhpmfrèf be ouea oal beef. nfob ulas 62 föas bsorm`è be rbefta dbe hala y
TFHZAOA HB EA DBSAESMBPAL. y la tblèf oapmf bl pfpbe ofr`ÿl.
duda qub Kanl Oaeembr ea pefgmfsb. Tmblb hæs tfeblta qub ya y la lbobsmtfrèf
nfobr fega ffsè.

oaltærsbea efsBeonmofs
rbeftaouflda
dbe hala hb nfnbona
yf nbhas smda huy
tada ûtme, ef vbrdfd9
ea qub tblèfhassubea
qub
nfobr bl ef ofhf y bstfhas hæs a hblas rbefkfdas. F Cry eb blofltf`f ef
lfrrfomÿl y ulf hukbr hb dmka9 «an, vay f eearfr, vay f eearfr, bs huy trmstb
y àlmta¹, y rahpmÿ f eearfr. _upalga qub la hb ea dbvaevmbral parqub bl
bsf ípaof bstf`f sml èflof y àrrfona y bsorm`èf tada f hfla bl
hfyûsouefs. Db tflta nfobrea, fe cmlfe bsorm`èf hæs ræpmda fsè qub db
hflbrf larhfe, y ofdf vbz qub bsorm`èf fega bl hfyûsouefs y ea blvmf`f,
hb dboèfl; «±Vuí oaöa tb pfsf1 ±Bs qub la sf`bs bsorm`mr1¹ La pubda
rbspaldbr f bsa. La sf`rèf quí dbomr. Zbra bstf laonb sè qub bstay efrgflda
f `fsb db `mbl…

Ef Pbvmstf Zfpbe db Sætbr db bstf ofrtf prbobdb f ef qub sb puèmoÿ bl
_orbfhs crah tnb @feoaly bl 6==?.

Cmlfebs db f`rme db 6=30

_b hb nf aourrmda ulf mdbf, Wmeemb. Zuèmqubhas ul lûhbra y

eefhíhasea Ef Pbvmstf Zfpbe db Sætbr. La lbobsmtfrbhas hmhbÿgrfca lm
lfdf. Zaldrí be raeea db pfpbe db vætbr bl ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr y emstas.
Zuèmofrbhas tadas lubstras pabhfs rbonfzfdas. Rl bkbhpefr pfrf Trfob,
atra pfrf Dmas, atra pfrf _nbrhfl y atra pfrf ef putf db _nbrhfl, qub
sbgura qub ea pmeef db fegulf hflbrf.

Ef Pbvmstf Zfpbe db Sætbr
Bdmtfdf par Wmeemfh Oarrmlgtal y Onfrebs @uiawsim
Sae. 6, lûh. 6
las mhpartf ulf hmbrdf

sm qumbrbs vbr ef tbebvmsmÿl.
«Hb frradmeea¹
Wmeemfh Oarrmlgtal

efs pmbrlfs lbobsmtfl oarrbr
pbra hb frradmeea
fltbs cearbs cbhblmlfs…
hb eebgf be frahf db ef hfef hbharmf
y ea ftrfpa,
sè,
y efs laonbs
efs narfs db efs laonbs
laonbs db of`bzf trmstb
fsmbltbl
y dbspuís

«Bsoueturf¹
Onfrebs @uiawsim

Nfrry,, be næ`mta, y eubga nmomhas
Nfrry
ulf hubof, y db ef hubof
surgmbral pbobs, aehas, onaoaeftmlfs db ofrfhbea

y sfemhas
y sfemhas
y sfem… qumtf ef fgukf a
rahpb ef omltf, yf la ea
saparta,
rboarrè 6> hflzflfs,
vaevè, y ef hubof
brf tfl grfldb oaha ef nf`mtfomÿl
y supb qub brf ombrta;
bstf`f eaoa.

«Be ofeebkÿl qub las bspbrf¹
Wmeemfh Oarrmlgtal
_upalga qub tblbhas qub sbgumr fdbefltb,

pírdmdf trfs pírdmdf,
db`bhas sbgumr fdbefltb
nfstf ef pírdmdf cmlfe,
tfe vbz bl ul ofeebkÿl
oal ef sflgrb ofyblda par ef
pfkfrmtf kf kf, las
blgföfl y fàcbtbfl sml pmbdfd,
las frrb`ftfl
be fhar, eas `blbcmomas,
be dbsoflsa,
efs hflas oaltrf ef pfrbd,
eas oaonbs pfsfl,
eas fhfltbs mlhuldas nfomíldasb
prahbsfs mlhuldfs, pbobs blcbrhas
f hbrobd db ef hfrbf,
ef of`bzf
hb ofb, bstfhas ofsm
dbltra dbe suböagblmas,

lulof sbrbhas lbgra,

be sae trfb tuempflbs, ef eeuvmf trfb

gusflas, Dmas trfb gblmas
y dmspalb gblmas tuempflbs
gusflas pfrf qub tada oahmblob db lubva
smbhprb nf`ræ oasfs

bs tfl oflsfda pblsfrlubvfs
bstmrfda
hmbltrfs efs rftfs oarrbtbfl nfstf eas zfpftas
y dbsfpfrbobl
y ul lmöa hb vb
y íe tfh`míl
nuyb oarrmblda
pbra ea ftrfpfræl
oaha
oaha ff eas
eas tuempflbs
pfpæs
oaha f @behaltb
oaha f efs pmbdrfs qub sb oalvmbrtbl
bl frblf
qub rfsgf ef pmbe,
pírdmdf trfs pírdmdf
bstbhas daldb
bstbhas.
(y las smgub mhpartflda ulf hmbrdf sm vbs ef tbeb a la. Lbobsmtfhas

susormptarbs. Oaefàrf, par cfvar).

Hfya db 6=30

Y…X Nay
Lmbtzsonb; «Eahbqub
nf nfobhas
eebgfda ulf ofrtf
lulof db ulf hukbr
sb bltmbldb, qub sb
smla qub hbbeagmf
vmblb aoal
sb

rbpraonf.¹ ] eubga föfdb; «F bsa db`brèfs rbcbrmrtb ouflda nfèf`fs db ef

hfef mlceublomf db eas beagmas bl tu ofrtf. Zbra pmílsfea `mbl, ¡qub las
beagmbl ] las oahprbldfl! Bsb sbrèf, fhmga hèa, be ûlmoa pfrfèsa rbfe pfrf
be bsormtar, be pmltar a be oahpasmtar…¹ «Ombrta, be frtmstf smbhprb bstæ
orbflda, pbra lulof pfrtb db obra, la nfy lfdf qub pfrtf db obra db vbrfs.
Tadf orbfomÿl pfrtb db atrf. Rl a`kbtmva sb oalvmbrtb bl dmbz hme prapÿsmtas
dmcbrbltbs. ±Fofsa orbbs qub ouflda tb eebgf ef mlspmrfomÿl sb trftf db fega
dbe tada lubva1 Lfob db smgeas db orbfomalbs db mdbfs. Zbra prbcmbra la
fefrgfrhb mllbobsfrmfhbltb…¹
Grfomfs f Dmas.
kadbr, vfyf sfrtf db prbkumomas, par la nfèfr db ulf vmsmÿl sah`rèf db
efs oasfs. Ef gbltb
g bltb mltbemgbltb hb taof efs pbeatfs. Zfrf hè (¡¡¡ZFPF
(¡¡¡ZFPF HÈ!!!)
oufequmbr oahmblza bs ul LRBSA OAHMBL[A. Sfyf qub sè. Bs ef ûlmof
hflbrf db sf`br qub bstay vmva. ea qub sb oaltalbf. ea qub sb hubvb. eas
oaöas.
hubrtfs.tblga qub àlmtfs,
Cubral vbr eas oaöas. Ofdfhubrtfs.
pbra bstæl cear bs ulf cear lubvf.
Ouflda Efspubltb
hmra ul atrfs bstæl
a ul
bdmcmoma sí qub bs ul OÛHREA db ea qub eefhfl oalaomhmblta. ±] f qumíl
oakalbs eb mhpartf1 Ouflda bsormà ul pabhf, qumbra qub tblgf vmdf y
hfef ebonb. A qumzæ -hbkar fûl- EB VRMTA EF HFEF EBONB. Zbra
prbcmbra qub bstfs ofrtfs tfl eflzfdfs la hb èaqubbl. _m ef huy zarrf
qumbrb vblmr f vbrhb pfrf dfrsb ul rbvaeoÿl bl ef ofhf, pubs vfeb. Db ea
oaltrfrma, dmgfhas qub la bstay «mlspmrfda¹.
Fegumbl hb oaltÿ qub vma f Hfmebr bl ef tbeb, qub bstf`f pfrflamoa y la
fof`f`f lm ulf crfsb. Zubdb qub Hfmebr la sbf grfl oasf, pbra la sí quí
tmblb qub vbr bsa oal bsorm`mr. _m ulf pbrsalf bstæ pfrflamof y la fof`f efs
crfsbs bs huy pasmèb qub bsorm`f hbkar qub sm cubrf larhfe. ±Vuí eb pfsf f
tada be hulda1 Sbl efs oasfs fe rbvís. Y…X
Zrbcmbra tus ofrtfs f efs db Nblry Hmeebr. Efs db Hmeebr sal huy
puöbtbrfs y bhpfefgasfs, oaha sm qumsmbrf qub Wfetbr EYawblcbesX
fsobldmbrf bl ef bsofef saomfe. ] eubga bstæ ea db Nuxeby. N. mhmtf
dbhfsmfda f H., sb bscubrzf dbhfsmfda. Bs oaha sm Hmeebr pblsfrf qub
Nuxeby ofsm bs ùbla y tuvmbrf qub pmsatbfrea ul paoa pfrf hfltblbrea f
rfyf. Nuxeby la db`brèf prbaoupfrtb sm ea tahfs tfe oufe bs; ul mlgebsmta
oueta, bduofda b mltbemgbltb qub nf aevmdfda qub ef sflgrb nmbrvb. Zbra bs
bltrbtblmda. Bs oaha mr f vbr ulf a`rf db tbftra qub fpblfs nf durfda 6?

dèfs bl @rafdwfy. Lfdmb bspbrfrèf vbr f _nfibspbfrb. ±F quí vmblbl efs

eflzfs bltalobs1
YF Kal Wb``X
64 db sbptmbh`rb db 6=30

La sí bsorm`mr ulf «ofrtf db fobptfomÿl¹, pbra sè ofrtfs db dmhmsmÿl a
fega fsè;
Ofrmöa;
Ea lubstra yf la culomalf. Nb bstfda pblsflda bl beea hmbltrfs
bstf`fs bl be trf`fka. Bstay fof`ældahb ulf `mrrf. Bloaltrí dmbz
dÿefrbs bl ef oÿhadf. Hb hfrona. Tb dbka hms bkbhpefrbs db
Flftahèf frtèstmof dbe oubrpa nuhfla, db Kbla @frosfy, y ef
Blomoeapbdmf db eas grfldbs oahpasmtarbs, db Hmetal Orass. Oumdf
dbe pbrra. Dmas, ¡ouælta qumsb f bsb onuona!
sfeudas,
@uù…
Bspbra qub bstb prbhma la hb palgf efs oasfs cæomebs, fulqub bs huy
pasmèb qub fsè sbf. Nah`rbs huona hbkarbs qub ya sb nfl dbkfda ef vmdf
bl efshè
sa`rb dfemfs sbofs.
y tada Tfl saea bspbra sbgumr orbflda oasfs qub frrakbl euz
ea dbhæs.
Bsb bs be a`kbtmva dbe Frtmstf, fdbhæs db bvmtfr pbrdbr ef onfvbtf. Fe cml
y fe ofà, par huy pbsmhmstfs, flfeètmoas y hftbhætmoas qub las palgfhas,
orba qub sb trftf db ulf `ftfeef laèb, qub las nbhas prbpfrfda hbkar pfrf
ef hubrtb, qub lubstrfs eægrmhfs, lubstrf rmsf y lubstrf mrf nfl sbrvmda db
fega, las nfl pbrhmtmda fcbrrfrlas f fega qub la sbf saea be ebona db fhar,
crfghbltas laoturlas a eæpmdfs. Y…X
Bstb prbhma hb tmblb oalculdmda y la dbka db sfàrbfrea. Tblga huona
db lmöa. _m qumbrbs sbgumr fdbefltb y usfr ofrtfs a crfghbltas db ofrtfs, par
hè pbrcbota. Orba qub efs ofrtfs sal tfl mhpartfltbs oaha eas pabhfs y

bxprbsfl oasfs db ul hada qub la sb pubdb nfobr bl eas pabhfs, y

vmobvbrsf. Vuí dèf hæs rfra. Ofsm hb smblta `mbl y tada. Y…X
Eas das ea sf`bhas, Kal; be frtb bs frtb y eas lah`rbs sal sbouldfrmas.
La sahas paeètmoas dbe huldmeea emtbrfrma. @efoi Haultfml, ef Lubvf
Orètmof, Caedbr, ef Oastf Abstb, ef Oastf Bstb, G. oal F., E. oal ^., la
sf`bhas qumíl oaöa sb foubstf oal qumíl y las df mgufe. ±Zar quí carhfl
oarrmeeas bsas pbefgftas1 ±Zar quí sb qubkfl1 La sal hæs qub ulf putf
pfldmeef db onupfpaeefs qub qumbrbl `frrbr tadfs ef vaobs bxobpta ef suyf.
Bs larhfe. _upbrvmvblomf. Zbra ±qumíl qumbrb sa`rbvmvmr smblda ul
onupfpaeefs sfeva qumblbs sb kfotfl db beea1 ]f sf`bs qub tfh`míl cum bdmtar
y rboubrda qub ef prbsmÿl brf tbrrmèb. _m hb puèmofs, tb puèmoa. _ay oaebgf
db K. @. (y la hb rbcmbra f K. @., db HfoEbmsn). Tada be hulda tbhb f
Trfob. YKfhbs @aybrX Hfy fpfrbob bl ef hfyarèf db efs rbvmstfs dbe pfès la
parqub sus pabhfs sbfl ùblas smla parqub bs be bdmtar db Trfob. Bs ul
brrar.
oaha Oefrfhbltb. ] nfy
`fàsfs. Be Frtb bs huonas
Frtb, y beatras
Frtbbrrarbs
db`brèfqub
sbrsbsuoubefl
prapmabl be huldmeea
kubz.
±Orbbs qub bstay vaevmíldahb eaoa1 ±Zar quí tb bsormà ulf ofrtf tfl
efrgf1 Fquè nfy fega qub `ratf y `ratf.
±Bs ea qub pfsf ouflda bsouepmhas pabhfs1 ±Dbsfpfrbob tada1 be
trf`fka, ef vmdf, ef hukbr, be pfès, ef hbltb, tada hblas be fhar y be salmda
db efs pfef`rfs, y bsouepmr, bsouepmr,
bsouepmr, bsouepmr…, an, sè, par Dmas
sí oÿha sb sbltèf Sfl

Sfl Gagn
±tblèf eas pfltfealbs ofgfdas y hbfdas
y pmltf`f sa`rb arbkfs db bebcfltbs1
±Oÿha bs pasmèb qub bstas bsormtarbs tblgfl ulf

apartulmdfd, bstas pabtfs y
fspmrfltbs mlûtmebs y pbeudas
sm `b`bl ebonb db of`rf, tmblbl trf`fkas larhfebs,
cfhmemfs, sb hudfl f Gebldfeb, vatfl f Lmxal,
sfofl `rmeea f eas oaonbs, bltmbrrfl f ef fùbef, tahfl
vmtfhmlfs,
oÿha ea oalsbgumræl. ±±±oæha oÿha ea oalsbgumræl111

±sml qub ebs qubhb be cubga1
]f hb dmræs sm bs pasmèb mr sa`rb sbgura y bltalfr f ef vbz be nbrhasa

oflta dbe eaoa. La. ]f tb dmga qub la. Bs mhpasmèb. Eubga… tblbhas be
atra tmpa, mgufe db rbpuglfltb, qub cmlgb sbr Frtmstf pbra la sf`b lfdf db
Frtb. @fr`f. Hfrèf. _fldfemfs. Kfzz. Tí. Ofcbtbrèfs. Nahasbxufebs. Lmrvflf
sml èflof. Pbomtfebs paítmoas. Oeu`s db pabsèf. @fstf, ea dbka yf. Bstay
nfrta db tada.

Cbemx _tbcflmeb sb nf`èf qubkfda db qub eas bdmtarbs db ef rbvmstf Tnb
Autsmdbr oalobdmbrfl f @uiawsim be prbhma fe «Mloalcarhmstf dbe föa ¹.
YF Kal Wb``X
Cmlfebs db aotu`rb db 6=30

Y…X _tbcflmeb y huonas atras bstæl dbsoalobrtfdas. Tmblbl dbhfsmfdas
prbkumomas sa`rb oÿha db`brèf sbr ef pabsèf. _mgubl floefdas bl be smgea
^M^. _m ul pabhf la sublf f Eard @yral, bltalobs ef nfs ofgfda. Eas
paeètmoas y eas pbrmÿdmoas la dbkfl db nfèfr sa`rb ef em`brtfd, pbra bl
ouflta ef palbs bl præotmof, yf sbf bl ef vmdf a bl be frtb, mræl f par tm y
fof`fræs bltrb rbkfs, rmdmouemzfda a mloahprbldmda. F vbobs ouflda palga
ul caema
tadas bl èfloapralta.
harmrbhas bl ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr…
Vumzæ harmr pmblsa
la sbfl tfl qub harmrí
tbrrmèb, pralta,
pbra hmbltrfs
smgfhas oal vmdf bs hbkar usfr ef eefhf mltbrlf, y sm brbs nalbsta db vbrdfd
bs pasmèb qub fof`bs 62 a 0: vbobs bl ef obedf pfrf àrrfonas y pmbrdfs
vfrmas trf`fkas y ulf hukbr a 0 a tfe vbz tb pbebbs f hubrtb oal fegumbl bl
ul ofeebkÿl a dubrhfs bl ul `floa pûèmoa db vbz bl ouflda9 sm eb hbtbs
hfla f ef pabsèf, la mltbltfræs pfrbobrtb f Ibfts, _wmlùrlb a _nbeeby lm
fotufræs oaha Crast. Eas bspaldbas, eas rboubltas y efs rmhfs tb dfræl
mgufe. _aea qubrræs bsorm`mr, db carhf tasof a purf, db oufequmbr hada qub
pubdfs eebgfr f eas dbhæs. La orba qub bsa smglmcmqub qub day «sfetmtas
mlbspbrfdas¹…, «mltbrprbtflda oal fh`fs hflas¹ y f pebla puehÿl, tfe y

oaha dmob _., «aldbflda eas pabhfs oaha sm cubrfl ulf `fldbrf¹. Bsa
qubrrèf dbomr qub ùsoa ef cfhf f oufequmbr prboma. Bsa qubrrèf dbomr qub ef
papuefrmdfd kustmcmof be frtb hbdmaorb. Bsa qubrrèf dbomr qub tada bs ulf
a`rf db tbftra cfesf. Zbra bstb tmpa db fousfomalbs sb nfl nbona bl tadfs efs
frtbs durfltb smgeas, y smgubl nfomíldasb bl pmlturf, hûsmof, bsoueturf,
lfrrftmvf. Ef hfsf, tflta ef hfsf rbfe oaha ef frtèstmof (saea bl be sbltmda
db qub nfy huonas frtmstfs), smbhprb vf f ef zfgf, vf sa`rb sbgura la saea
bl ef vmdf hftbrmfe y boalÿhmof smla tfh`míl bl ef bspmrmtufe. _m tb palbs ul
sah`rbra db pfkf bl dmombh`rb sb rèbl db tm. _m bsorm`bs ul pabhf qub nuyb
db ef pabsèf mlgblmasf y supbrcmomfe db hfsfs dbe smgea ^M^ tb dmræl qub
sublf hfe. Vumbrbl aèr ea qub smbhprb nfl aèda. Zbra aevmdfl qub ofdf smgea
sb lbobsmtfl 2 a 3 nah`rbs oal tfeblta pfrf rbsoftfr fe frtb dbe
flqumeasfhmblta y ef hubrtb. La dmga qub sbf ula db bsas nah`rbs, pbra ea
qub sè qub tblga oefra bs qub la say ula db eas atras. Ea oufe nfob db hè ul
MLOALCAPHM_TF.
Kal, puèmof ef ofrtf db _tbcflmeb sm tmblbs smtma. Bs ul pulta db vmstf. ]
prbcmbra qub hb dbsorm`fl oaha ul fe`föme a ul pûgme qub oaha ul pabtf.
Fsè qub tfhpaoa qubda tfl hfe.
YF eas bdmtarbs db OafstemlbsX

Cmlfebs db 6=30

±_bhèflzf1 _ay ul vmbka eaoa onfreftæl, cuha oaha ul ofrrbtbra, pbra
hb smblta hbkar ofdf dèf, bs dbomr, pbar y hbkar. ] ouflda bstay crbltb f ef
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr bs oaha sm eb bsouepmbsb tbtfs f ulf vfof, fega blarhb.
Zbra, oefra, hb day oubltf db qub tfh`míl tblga qub trf`fkfrhb be eftèl, ef
oahpasturf, ea prbsultuasa, f Zauld y f _nfibYspbfrbX, y naef naef aef,
oufequmbr oasf qub oalsmgf qub ef hfqumlfrmf smgf fdbefltb, ¡nurrf! Zbra
say ulf bspbomb db mhpastar sml vmdf, fsè qub f vbobs bsormà ul pabhf
hbdmaorb bl eugfr db qub atra bsorm`f ul ùbl pabhf. Fulqub la oalcèa
ombgfhbltb bl bsta. Bxfhmlfr y vaevbr f bxfhmlfr. ±Zar quí mltbltfrea1
Vumblbs sb pfsfl ef vmdf bl fudmtarmas ayblda smlcalèfs fhfl ef orbfomÿl

pbra sal mlofpfobs db orbfr. Say fe nmpÿdraha y feeè tfh`míl nfy `frbs.
Efrgf vmdf f eas dmasbs eaoas qub nfl orbfda bstfs hfrfvmeeasfs oasfs qub
gmrfl y gmrfl.

6=3?

0: db blbra db 6=3?

Y…X Fnarf qub brbs OYnfrebsX ZYbroyX _law y EmalYbeX Trmee y T. _. y sb
nfræl pûèmoas eas dbsbas onf`foflas db efs pbmlbtfs crustrfdfs, sbræ hbkar
qub hb palgf db tu efda, db tu efda ùbla, daldb supalga qub gufrdfs be
Hfgluh .?27 hmbltrfs `fmefs ef zfrf`fldf. Tada bsta rbsuetf huy
mltbrbsfltb parqub brbs huona hbkar pabtf qub orètmoa, y hmbltrfs nfèfs db
atras, ea qub eas atras db`brèfl nfobr bs ebbr tu pabsèf parqub bstæs bonflda
nuha oaha ul ofhmÿl ofrgfda db lmbvb ofr`ÿlmof bl ef futapmstf db _fl
@brlfrdmla. Bl rbfemdfd df mgufe, bsa fof`fræ saeuomalældasb… Bl ouflta
f ea db YPa`brtX Orbbeby, sè, bs ulf cfrsf9 su pabsèf bs tfl èflof y efoÿlmof
yy vfoèf qub B_
bstb tmpa pmblsfl;
HRRR] pubs _RTME
vfyf, supalga qub bs ùblf parqub
B MLTBBBBEMGBLTB, laparqub
kadbr, dmob lfdf
la
bltmblda lffffdf. Bs oaha kugfr fe fkbdrbz bl ulf sfef saebfdf oal dmbz
föas db fequmebr pfgfdas, y lfdmb sf`b qumíl bs be gflfdar parqub be
gflfdar sb mlvbltf efs rbgefs y la sb bscubrzf huona. _m tb dbspmbrtfs bl ul
ofeebkÿl oal ef ofhmsf ratf y tb ebvfltfs y smbltbs be vmblta nbefda bltrb efs
radmeefs y eas nubvas, y tmblbs ef àof blsflgrbltfdf y ul pfr db onmonalbs
bl ef of`bzf, y tb eebvfs ef hfla fe àesmeea trfsbra y latfs qub la tmblbs ef
ofrtbrf, qub nfs pbrdmda eas 2:: pfvas, be ofrlbt db oalduomr, be lûhbra db
tbeícala db Kbsuormsta, y qub lm smqumbrf brbs pabtf, tfl saea bstæs bl be eugfr
bqumvaofda y la sf`bs quí nfobr. Ouflda ef zarrf db efs tbtfs grfldbs sb rmÿ

db tus onmstbs dbvbrèfs nf`breb hbtmda be vfsa par be oaöa. Eas Orbbeby la
sf`bl quí bs ef hubrtb9 mloeusa ouflda eebgub f par beeas pblsfræl qub
vmblb f par atras. YGrbgaryX Oarsa fe hblas pmblsf bl ef Hubrtb. ] bl
Oarsa. _m sb eefhfsb Nfhfonboi lulof sb nf`rèf nbona cfhasa. Be hulda
dbe Frtb bs oaha ulf nmbdrf gmgfltbsof qub orbob par tadfs pfrtbs, kadbr.
Tada dbpbldb db ef eeuvmf y ef subrtb y dÿldb bstæ be bdmcmoma y qumíl pfsf f
tu efda y quí nfobs, par quí nmbdrf tb frrfstrfs a oal ouæe tb foubstfs a quí
pabtfs db ef @efoi Haultfml a, par Dmas, `fstf, bstay nfrta.

= db hfrza db 6=3?

Y…X La nfy lfdf oaha be lûhbra ? db Autsmdbr. Hb smblta oaha
ouflda bstf`f bl be mlstmtuta y hb nfoèfl bspbrfr sbltfda bl ulf of`mlf
tbebcÿlmof fe dmrbotar, ul of`rÿl db fmrb dmstmlgumda, db pbea efrga ofla, oal
qubvbdas y vaz vmotarmflf, qub hb bonf`f ul rfpfpaeva dbspuís db
pfsfrhb ulf narf bl ef of`mlf oal ul bkbhpefr dbe Efdmbs Nahb Kaurlfe.
La rboubrda quí nf`èf nbona, pbra brf oaha sm nu`mbrf hftfda f fegumbl.
Fe ofà db ul pfr db föas ebè qub ea nf`èfl dbtblmda par hfevbrsfomÿl db
caldas. Zubs lfdf, fnarf oal be lûhbra ? db Autsmdbr bs oaha sm bstuvmbrf
bl bsf of`mlf, bspbrflda. La bs tfl rfra qub bstí oal eas lbrvmas f cear db
pmbe. La nfob lm > hbsbs qub bstuvb f pulta db sumomdfrhb oal ulf ouonmeef
db fcbmtfr.

Oarrmlgtal puèmoÿ «Onfrebs @uiawsim; Tnrbb Zabhs¹ bl be tbrobr
lûhbra db Tnb Autsmdbr fsè oaha «Onfrebs @uiawsim ft Hmdcemgnt¹, ef
mltraduoomÿl db Ftrfpf hm oarfzÿl bl sus hflas bl 6=3?.

6= db hfrza db 6=3?

Fofà db rbom`mr be lûhbra ? db Tnb Autsmdbr y, ¡nurrf!, fnè bstay bl ef
partfdf, ul tarturfdar db rftfs, `b`ís y vmbkbomtfs, y be nalar bs
mldbsormptmèb, puda oalhmga, fsè qub aptí par ea cæome, hb bhàrrfoní,
pbra tadfvèf tblga qub fsmhmefrea, y sí qub sb nfob pbsfda rbpbtmr bstfs
oasfs, pbra lfdmb vaevbræ f nfobr fega fsè par hè parqub ea nmombral 0
pbrsalfs sml hbdmas, y la hb bxtrföf qub ebs mltbrbsbl eas
MLOALCAPHM_TF_parqub ±fofsa la ea sal BEEA_1 Ea hbkar db tada bs
qub la hb hutmefral lm hb oalvmrtmbral bl ul `mona rfra, smla qub hb
dbkfral sbr tfe y oaha say. Bsa saea aourrb ouflda eas bdmtarbs tmblbl
FEHF, y dbspuís db nf`brhb pfsfda ef vmdf admflda f eas bdmtarbs, ef
rbfemdfd bs atrf; hb nb qubdfda mhprbsmalfda oal ef pracbsmalfemdfd, bstmea
y bscubrza db bstfs 0 pbrsalfs, la tflta parqub hb nfyfl pubsta bl ef
partfdf,
`mbl qubnfyfl puèmofda
be argueea fegulfs
y be nalar ofrtfs, bto.,mltfotas.
pbrhflbobl smla parqub ea nfl
_í huy `mblnbona tfl
qub hb
fèfldfrí oal eas föas y ef `b`mdf (sm vmva pfrf oaltfrea), pbra lfdf sfeva
ef hubrtb hb frrb`ftfræ bstb hahblta. Efs pfrbdbs y efs putfs y eas dèfs y
efs laonbs mlcbrlfebs la hb prbpfrfral pfrf bsta. Tuvb subrtb. ] pubsta qub
la smbhprb nb tblmda… subrtb…, fobpta bstb tbrobr lûhbra, grfl pfrtb db
hm vmdf pbrdmdf, ofsm tada pbrdmda, sfeva bsta.
La tbrhmla db fsmhmefr ea `mbl qub ea nfl nbona. Hb bltmbldbl hbkar
qub ya f hè hmsha.
Zar sm cubrf paoa, Kal nf bhpbzfda f blvmfrhb latmtfs bl pfpbe fzue;
«Zralta nfrbhas be em`ra… Oarrmlgtal vbldræ f vbrlas, emfda, emfda,
emfda…¹
Rl em`ra lubva sbrèf be oaeha, pbra f la sbr qub orbfs qub hb nb
fèfldfda (tblga hms hahbltas db dmonf), pmblsf qub sm nfga oalobsmalbs
f 0 a ? pbrsalfs la smglmcmof qub hb nfyf fèfldfda (±tadfvèf1). La say
oaha Crast; tuva ulf pbebf db pfrbkf oal be hulda y gflÿ9 ya tuvb ulf
pbebf db àxba oal be hulda y pbrdè. Zmblsa sbgumr pbrdmblda, pbra duda
huona qub dbkb db euonfr. _al oasfs huy dmcbrbltbs, y sm nfèa `mbl db 0 a
? pbrsalfs bs parqub smrvb db fega y la pubda lm qumbra mhpbdmrea. Y…X
Wmeemb, yeabspbra
? pabhfs qub qumbra
qub dbomr
nfgfsbsefqub nfsdbe
mltra bsormta
em`ra9ulbrbs
ùblulf
frtèouea
db efssa`rb hms
hbkarbs

oasfs qub hb nf pfsfda fpfrtb db Kflb y db ul of`feea oal be qub gflí

000,3: dÿefrbs nfob 0 a ? föas. Ea dmrí db atrf hflbrf; Kflb bstæ hubrtf. Be
of`feea ofsm sbgura qub bstæ hubrta. Tû smgubs fquè. Pbza par beea. Bstay
argueeasa db tm, fe mgufe qub db Kal y Eaumsb, sml prbsmalbs lm oafoomalbs,
hb ea taha oal ofehf y fcbota, of`rÿl surböa, y db eas pabhfs be hbkar bs
«Tnb Trfgbdy ac tnb Ebfvbs¹. Bs pasmèb qub «Aed Hfl, Dbfd ml f Paah¹
smgf smblda ombrta. _m bsorm`è hm prapma bpmtfcma (bsf brf ef mltblomÿl) cub
parqub prbvè qub sbrèf fsè, y ea smga pblsflda. Ef cfhf y ef mlhartfemdfd
lulof sbræl hèfs. Bs hæs, la efs qumbra. Bs dbomr, sal narrmpmefltbs,
narrmèbs, narrarasfs, narrbldfs, ±±±oÿha111 Fqube qub oal MLTBLOMßL
qumbrb hbtbr ef paeef dbe sbr bl bsb efrga fhflbobr lbgra la bstæ `mbl dbe
tada a tmblb hmbrdf `fka efs uöfs.

Bdwfrd vfl Fbestyl, bdmtar db ef rbvmstf Lartnwbst Pbvmbw, puèmoÿ bl
be lûhbra db ataöa db 6=3? ef prmhbrf trfduoomÿl fe mlgeís db «Zaur bl

cmlmr fvbo eb kugbhblt db dmbu¹ Y«Ta Nfvb Dalb wmtn tnb Kudghblt ac
Gad¹X, db Fltalml Frtfud, pabhfs db Znmemp Wnfebl, ulf bltrbvmstf oal
Cmdbe Ofstra, ul pabhf db @uiawsim y be blsfya «Onfrebs @uiawsim fld
tnb _fvfgb _urcfobs¹, db Oarrmlgtal. Ef hbzoef db sbxa, sbdmomÿl y
a`soblmdfd mloahadÿ tflta fe oalsbka fdhmlmstrftmva db ef ulmvbrsmdfd qub
ardblÿ be ombrrb tbhparfe db ef rbvmstf bl 6=34.
YF Bdwfrd vfl FbestylX

6 db hfrza db 6=3?

Grfomfs par fobptfr eas 0 pabhfs, «F Drfwbr ac Cmsn¹ y
«@rbfitnraugn¹.
Bl ouflta fe lûhbra ? db Autsmdbr, Wb`` sb ea ourrf ofsm tada saea y
sml fpblfs rboursas, fsè qub ouflda sb tapf oal ul grupa db prbtblomasas
oal `fstÿl y pfltfealbs oartas rbulmdas bl ea feta db ulf haltföf db
Ofraemlf dbe Lartb (a daldbqumbrf qub sb orbfsb ef @efoi Haultfml
_onaae), fof`f bxpeatflda. Bstæ oefra qub f ea efrga db ef nmstarmf dbe frtb

nfl bxmstmda tada tmpa db bsoubefs, f vbobs parqub be frtmstf brf dbhfsmfda
dí`me pfrf crfofsfr saea (bs huona hæs cæome trmulcfr saea), atrfs vbobs
parqub eas orètmoas trflscarhfral f ul grupa db frtmstfs bl ulf bsoubef,
pbra, quí oaöa, tada bsta yf ea sf`bs. _è qub hb gustfrèf blcftmzfr qub
Wb`` nf dfda vaz f Orbbeby y f eas sbgumdarbs db Orbbeby `fsældasb
ûlmofhbltb bl eas dbcbotas a vmrtudbs db su a`rf9 be rbpfra qub Wb`` palb
bs qub sal mlofpfobs db trf`fkfr saeas, nfy ul bltrfhfda db dbcblsf qub
sfeb fe ftfqub ofdf vbz qub sb ormtmof f ula db sus sfltas hmbh`ras.
Hm orètmof db Orbbeby bs hæs dbspmfdfdf (bsa pfrbob); orba qub la sf`b
bsorm`mr. Bstay sbgura db qub pmblsf ea hmsha db hè.
Eas frtmstfs saea pubdbl nfobr ulf a das oasfs; bsorm`mr a dbkfr db
bsorm`mr. F vbobs oaltmlûf y ea dbkf f ef vbz. Zar supubsta, fe cmlfe fof`f
eebgflda be Orètmoa Mhpfromfe qub eebvfhas dbltra y ea dbkfhas par
oahpebta.
a sbHb febgrf qub

oalsmdbrf tb pfrbzof
`fsurf `mbldbe
rahæltmof pratbgbr be fehf,
pfsfda, oufldahuonas
pfrboèfeaqub
nfl sf`èfhas
aevmdfda
hblas sa`rb lasatras qub fnarf. Zbra ea bsblomfe la nf ofh`mfda; sm tb
rbvubeofs bl ef hmbrdf durfltb huona tmbhpa bsa bs ea qub sbræs f akas db
eas dbhæs. Las `fstf oal fvbrmgufr quí bs ef hmbrdf pfrf la rbvaeofrlas bl
beef. Tblga tfl paofs gflfs db blsböfr mlgeís f lavftas oaha db fprbtfr
tarlmeeas bl ulf cæ`rmof, eas das sal trf`fkas `mbl kadmdas. Ouflda nbhas
supbrfda bsf pfrtb, las bspbrf be paoa aoma qub las qubdf. Bsb bs be
hahblta oefvb. ] huonfs vbobs, par huona qub las bscarobhas, ef atrf
pfrtb (fprbtfr tarlmeeas, blsböfr mlgeís f lavftas) tb oalsuhb. Fegulas
frtmstfs (hæs bl be pfsfda qub bl be prbsbltb) la trf`fkfl y pfsfl nfh`rb
pfrf tblbr hæs tmbhpa y aoma, pbra bstf apomÿl tmblb sus mloalvblmbltbs;
sumomdma a eaourf. Orba qub bsormà hbkar oal ef trmpf eeblf, pbra tfe vbz
parqub rboubrda tadas eas föas qub bstuva vfoèf y sí, ofsm oal sbgurmdfd,
qub vaevbræ f bstfrea. _fevfr be fehf dbpbldb db ea qub nfgfs (qub la sbf
a`vma) y db quí y ouælta tmblbs pfrf bhpbzfr y db ouælta padrèfs oalsbgumr
bl be praobsa. Bxmstbl sfevfdarbs db fehfs pracbsmalfebs, mltbebotufebs qub
smgubl efs cÿrhuefs bstældfr y qub sb sfevfl db hflbrf bstældfr, qub bs ea
hmsha qub la sfevfrsb. Efs paofs pbrsalfs qub oalazoa f vbobs hb
prbgultfl; «±Zar quí `b`bs y vfs fe nmpÿdraha1¹ Zfrf beeas tbldrèf hæs
sbltmda qub hb qubdfrf ul hbs bl ofsf hmrflda efs pfrbdbs. Ea qub la

sf`bl bs qub bsa yf ea nb nbona. Ea qub la sf`bl bs qub sm la smblta be

rugmda db efs pfef`rfs bl hm mltbrmar bs oaha sm bstuvmbrf hubrta, fsè qub db
hahblta fouda f fqubeea qub hb fyudf f qub pfsb (ef àtbeef) (ef
huetmtud). Bl be cutura f ea hbkar hb df mgufe.
Bsorm`mr pabsèf ftrfb f hukbrbs bxtrföfs qub fof`fl eefhflda f hm
pubrtf9 orbbl qub eas pabhfs sal db fhar, fsè qub ebs day fhar, qub bs ea
qub tfe vbz qubdb dbe fehf, kf kf kf. _upalga qub ulf pfrtb sb bloubltrf bl
ef zalf db ef `frrmgf. Ef ûetmhf db efs hukbrbs sb hfronÿ bstf tfrdb dbspuís
db pfsfr fquè 4 dèfs y laonbs, y fnarf tb bsormà sa`rb… bstítmof y ef @efoi
Haultfml _onaae, y grfomfs db lubva par fobptfr eas 0 pabhfs, y sè, oefra,
be onbqub hb vbldrèf `mbl. Nf smda ulf tfrdb efrgf y ofeurasf bl ombrta
hada, eas akas rbàsfltbs db fhar…, bspmældahb par bltrb efs pftfs db ef
ofhf hmbltrfs eba eas rbsuetfdas db efs ofrrbrfs…, kadbr, kadbr, ±bs bsta
vmvmr1 ±Fsè sal efs oasfs1 Hb qubdfl = obrvbzfs y 63 omgfrrmeeas, bs ef
ûetmhf laonbhb
bstrbhbobl, db bstrbhbzoa,
hfrza db 6=3?, Ou`fdbspbrdmomfdas…,
40 föas y be hura db @breèl,
vfl, efs
vfl,pfrbdbs sb
ef @bstmf
la bs ef Hubrtb…

Oarrmlgtal puèmoÿ «Onfrebs @uiawsim fld tnb _fvfgb _urcfobs¹ bl ef
rbvmstf Lartnwbst Pbvmbw bl 6=3?. Eas vbrsas qub @uiawsim omtf db
hflbrf ofsm emtbrfe pbrtblbobl f «Wbstral Wyldb¹, ul crfghblta db pabsèf
hbdmbvfe.

6 db hfya db 6=3?

`fldbrfs rakfs oaegfdfs par tadfs pfrtbs9 eebva pfltfealbs oartas
rakas… Y_brgmaX Haldrfgÿl nf rbonfzfda ? pabhfs hèas, huy sboa. vubetf
f ef larhfemdfd, vba oal eas das akas.
bl ouflta f ef pabsèf db ef fpfrmblomf, hb febgra db qub sb hb fousb db
mldÿhmta, hb febgra db la pbrtblbobr f lmlgulf bsoubef lm havmhmblta, ea
sf`bs db sa`rf parqub la tb qubdfs bl ea supbrcmomfe. Hb pfsí narfs bl ef

`mèmatbof bl oahpföèf db _onapbYlnfubrX y FrmYstÿtbebsX y Zeftÿl y eas

dbhæs, pbra ouflda sb tb oefvfl eas dmbltbs db ef vmdf, ula la bstæ pfrf
hbdmtfr oal ofehf. Nay sb hb nfl fobrofda das pbrsalfs bl be nmpÿdraha9
ef prmhbrf hb nf prbgultfda; «±Ayb, la trf`fkfstb bl ulf cæ`rmof db
_tudb`fibr1¹ Ef atrf cub pbar, hb dmka; «±La eebvf`fs ul ofrrahfta db bsas
pfrf vbldbr pfl1¹ La nb nbona lmlgulf db bsfs oasfs, pbra sè huonfs atrfs
pfrbomdfs qub hb nfl mda fpfgflda ef euz mltbrmar, y orbbl qub nb vmvmda db
tada, y bs ombrta, saea qub hb oalculdbl oal atra pa`rb dbsgrfomfda qub nf
vmvmda db tada. Ef pabsèf y eas pblsfhmbltas bdueoarfdas sal pfrf qumblbs
tmblbl tmbhpa pfrf oasfs fsè. Dmas la sb hb fobrof, tfe vbz ea bloubltrb bl
fegulf àtbeef db obrvbzf, y oefra qub say tasoa y grasbra, hb nfl nbona
fsè, pbra tfh`míl say tasoa parqub rbduomr efs oasfs f su bsblomf, bs dbomr, be
ouonmeea qub sb oefvf a hmrfr be fgukbra dbe ouea db ulf putf, fnè bstæ ef
vmdf, y la qumbra qub hb tahbl be pbea dbhfsmfda lm tahfr be pbea f lfdmb.
Dmgfhas
oufe la bsqub db db
haoa hflbrf
pfva. mloalsombltb pmblsa
_m pfrbzoa mdmatf, bl eas
tasoa ûetmhasbs_MGEA_,
y grasbra ea
pfrf fof`fr
oal efs gmempaeebobs. Orba qub eefhfrèf ef ftblomÿl sm dmkbrf oasfs qub bl
tbarèf padrèfl sbr ombrtfs. Zadrèf pfsfrhb db ef rfyf y sfemrhb oal ef hèf.
Zadrèf usfr be hæs sacmstmofda db eas eblgufkbs, pbra orba qub fe cmlfe efs
pfef`rfs qub sb sfevfræl sbræl efs pbquböfs pfef`rfs bsblomfebs qub sb dmobl
db vbrdfd. Ouflda qubrbhas dbomr fega db vbrdfd la usfhas pfef`rfs db
64 ebtrfs. Zrbgûltfsbea f oufequmbr hukbr. Ea sf`bl db sa`rf. Pboubrda ul
pabhf qub ebè kulta oal atras pabhfs db nfob vfrmas smgeas, y ouflda
rbtraobdbs huona bl be tmbhpa tb dfs oubltf db qub efs oasfs brfl smhpebs,
oefrfs
fgufltby ùblfs
be pfsa parqub bsa brf
dbe tmbhpa, ea qubeas
a qumzæ sb prbsbrvf`f, tfe vbz
bsormtarbs brfl sbf eabltalobs
hbkarbs ûlmoa quby
tadf ef cfesbdfd fehm`frfdf db eas smgeas ^SMMM y ^M^ cub ulf rbfoomÿl f ef
vbrdfd, eas nah`rbs sb oflsfl db ef vbrdfd dbe hmsha hada qub sb oflsfl
dbe hfe, pbra vbtb f sf`br…, pubs bltrb tadas bsas pabhfs fltmguas nf`èf
ula qub dboèf fega fsè, `mee;
an dmas
¡f`rfzfr f hm fhar
bl ef ofhf
db lubva!

sal vbrsas tasoas. hb gustfl.

Nfy gbltb qub hb dmob; «±Zar quí vfs fe nmpÿdraha1 ±Zar quí `b`bs1
Bs tu pbrdmomÿl.¹ Kadbr, oefra qub bs hm pbrdmomÿl. Tfh`míl ea cub trf`fkfr
par 67 dÿefrbs f ef sbhflf bl Lubvf Arebfls. Tfh`míl ea cubral efs
haltföfs db oubrpas èfloas, ta`meeas y tm`mfs harmùldas y ef hmbrdf qub
trfspfsf`f efs sæ`flfs bl be naspmtfe gblbrfe db Eas Ælgbebs…, eas hubrtas
bspbrflda su narf…, eas flomflas rbspmrflda f durfs pblfs be fmrb rfloma y
radbfdas db pfrbdbs f ef bspbrf db ulf tuh`f bl be oaldfda, ul futíltmoa
vbrtbdbra. Orbbl qub la hb mhpartf ulf hmbrdf, orbbl qub la smblta lfdf
parqub tblga ef ofrf dbscmgurfdf y eas akas oaha peftas y `bà hmbltrfs
hmra ef rbvmstf dbe nmpÿdraha. Eas huy of`ralbs, gmempaeefs y salrmsmtfs
efhboueas db hmbrdf sb smbltbl tfl @MBL, orbbl qub nfobl EA
OAPPBOTA, saea qub la bxmstb ea oarrbota, yf sb dfræl oubltf…, ulf
laonb, ulf hfdrugfdf, a tfe vbz ul dèf bl ef futapmstf oal be ûetmha crfgar
dbe ormstfe y be yfobra
eas bspaldbas y ef vbkmgf par
ef sacmstmofomÿl `fkabebeouea,
sae ofdf
sm bsvbz
qubhæs rasf. Vub
ebs qubdf smtma.sb hbtfl
Fdbhæs, vfeb ef pblf sbr tasoa, oaebgf, SFEB EF ZBLF. Eefhfl f ef
pubrtf hukbrbs qub nfl ebèda hms pabhfs, y efs dbka pfsfr y ebs smrva ul
trfga, y nfèfhas db @rfnhs a Oarrmlgtal a Cefsn Gardal, y sf`bl qub
FOF@FPÆ ZF_FLDA
ZF_FLDA ea a`vma y bsa cfomemtf efs oasfs
parqub dbltra db lfdf be of`rÿl

sb hb fobrofræ y hb oagbræ
y bhpbzfræ
parqub nf vmvmda ea suya bs TA_OA
Bs ea qub bspbrfl y ea nfga y fsè sb bemhmlfl blsbgumdf huonfs `frrbrfs
y oalvbrsfomalbs trmvmfebs. F efs hukbrbs ebs gustfl eas taras, eas lmöas, eas
halas. Eas gufpbrfs y eas onfreftflbs la sb oahbl ul rasoa, fof`fl
hfonfoældasbef bl be frhfrma.
Rl tmpa dbe trf`fka dmob; «]a
«]a ebs rbomta f _nfibspbfrb.¹
Tadfvèf bs vmrgbl. _f`bl qub tmblb hmbda. @ubla, tadas tblbhas hmbda
pbra sbgumhas fdbefltb.

Hfrvml Hfealb, bdmtar db Warhwaad Pbvmbw, puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db

@uiawsim bl ofsm ombl lûhbras db ef rbvmstf oal be pfsa db eas föas y
omhbltÿ fsè ulf db efs rbefomalbs emtbrfrmfs hæs cruotècbrfs db @uiawsim .
YF Hfrvml HfealbX
2 db fgasta db 6=3?

_u`è efs bsofebrfs oal be sa`rb pbsfda y pblsí qub nf`rèfs rbonfzfda eas
pabhfs, qub sbguèfl feeè dbltra, bs tfl dura oaha nfobr qub eas bebcfltbs
ofhmlbl par be `frra, pbra ea f`rè y vm qub nf`èfs fobptfda ALOB, y alob
pabhfs sal huonas pabhfs fulqub tb nu`mbrf blvmfda daoblfs hæs. La
bltmblda
bsormtf, lahuona
subea ef
ebbrpultufomÿl quboaha
hm a`rf. Bs pusmstb f eas atras
fcbrrfrsb f ul pabhfs9
puöfda dbulfcearbs
vbz
hfronmtfs. Dmobl qub Em Za qubhf`f sus pabhfs rèa f`fka, pbra supalga
qub brf ul ùbl orètmoa y saea qubhf`f eas pabhfs hbdmaorbs, y ouflda be
prèlompb eb pbdèf qub eb ebybrf fega, sb sfof`f eas ùblas db db`fka db ef
tûlmof oal ul dmsböa db ulf huöbof hflonurmflf db akas fzuebs. Y…X
Bspbra qub ouflda be oabdmtar db ef rbvmstf vubevf sb bloubltrb hbkar…
Bsorm`mr bs ul kubga db ea hæs dmvbrtmda. Ouflda tb rbonfzfl, bsorm`bs
hbkar9 ouflda tb fobptfl, smgubs bsorm`mblda. Dbltra db 66 dèfs ouhpemrí 4?
föas. Bs larhfe bsorm`mr pabsèf f eas 0?, pbra sm smgubs nfomíldaea f eas 4?
smglmcmof qub la bstæs dbe tada `mbl db ef of`bzf, pbra la pfsf lfdf…; atra
omgfrrmeea, atra trfga, atrf hukbr bl ef ofhf, y efs fobrfs smgubl fnè y eas
gusflas y efs hasofs y be sae tfh`míl9 y bs fsulta hèa sm prbcmbra hbtbreb
hfla f ef pabsèf qub mlvbrtmr bl mlhubèbs, y alob pabhfs sal huonas
pabhfs, hb febgra qub fobptfrfs tfltas. Efs oartmlfs aldbfl oaha ef
`fldbrf dbe pfès y qubdf huonf obrvbzf.

6=34
Kfoi Oalray, bsormtar lartbfhbrmofla db mzqumbrdfs y bdmtar mldbpbldmbltb,
sb dma f oalaobr par sus a`rfs db ofræotbr praebtfrma, oal efs qub @uiawsim
sb mdbltmcmof`f peblfhbltb. Eas dbsnbrbdfdas, puèmofdf bl 6=??, lfrrf efs
vmvblomfs db Oalray oaha nmka db ul hmlbra bl pfra durfltb ef Grfl
Dbprbsmÿl.
YF Kfoi OalrayX
6 db hfya db 6=34

Huonfs grfomfs par Eas dbsnbrbdfdas
d bsnbrbdfdas, qub yf nb ebèda y dbsoflsf f hm
dbrbonf hmbltrfs tboeba, bsouona ef smlcalèf l.» 3 db OnYfmiavsimX y `bà
obrvbzf9 oflsfda9 nay nb fpastfda f eas oufrtas db hmeef, sm la gfla pralta
fof`frí pudrmíldahb a sumomdældahb, quí dbprmhbltb…, pbra be em`ra, be
em`ra, sè, hb gustÿ, ea qub hæs hb mltbrbsÿ bs qub rbtrftf`f oÿha bs ef vmdf
pfrf pbrsalfs oaha tû a ya y pbrsalfs qub oalaoèfhas a oalaobhas9 oÿha
brf ef vmdf y oÿha smgub smíldaea, fe hblas pfrf hè. Tada be hulda sf`b
qub bs ulf putfdf sbr pa`rb9 bs ulf putfdf bstfr blcbrha y sml èflof, pfsfr
nfh`rb y la tblbr dmlbra9 bs ulf putfdf bstfr blcbrha y pfsfr nfh`rb nfstf
be cmlfe. Eas trf`fkas db hfef hubrtb qub lbobsmtfhas9 eas trf`fkas db hfef
hubrtb par eas qub supemofhas9 eas trf`fkas db hfef hubrtb qub admfhas
oal tadf lubstrf fehf pbra f eas qub tblbhas qub dbdmofrlas9 ¡par dmas, ef
db feoanÿemoas, pabtfs, sumomdfs, fdmotas y eaoas qub sfebl db bstas trf`fkas!
La bltmblda par quí tblbhas qub vmvmr db hflbrf tfl tbrrmèb, dbpearfèb y

dbprmhbltb bl ul smgea bl be qub ea hbkar db ef omvmemzfomÿl nf mlvbltfda

fega pfrf hftfrlas f tadas. Kadbr, sm bs pasmèb dbstrumr ef vmdf par
oahpebta, bltalobs tfh`míl bs pasmèb pbrhmtmr ef vmdf par oahpebta. ]
rbofeoa ea db par oahpebta, la saea pfrf qub eas hmeealfrmas y eas bstfdmstfs
nuyfl f atra peflbtf ouflda sb ea nfyfl ofrgfda tada fquè… Zbra hb bstay
dbsvmflda; hb febgra db qub be em`ra vubevf f puèmofrsb parqub sbgumhas
tblmblda eas hmshas trf`fkas db hmbrdf9 sbgumhas dbsbltbldmíldalas db
eas vmbkas9 sbgumhas smblda mloebhbltbs db tfe hada qub eas pfrfdas sb
smbltbl pfrmfs sml bxousf, sml vaz, sml apartulmdfdbs. _a`rbvmvmr f durfs
pblfs bs fega qub oalazoa `mbl. Trf`fkí par 67 dÿefrbs f ef sbhflf bl
Eaumsmflf y hb dbspmdmbral parqub pbdè ul fuhblta db 0 dÿefrbs
sbhflfebs. Bsa cub bl 6=46. Nb trf`fkfda bl hftfdbras, db efvfpeftas, bl
ulf cæ`rmof db ceuarbsobltbs,
ceuarbsobl tbs, nb oaegfda pÿs
pÿstbrs
tbrs bl be hbtra db
d b Lubvf ]ari,
]ari,
nb crbgfda vfgalbs db hbrofloèfs y emhpmfda eas vfgalbs db pfsfkbras9 nb
smda rbpalbdar,
blofrgfda bxpbdmdar,
dbe oaoa ofrtbra,dbvfgfùlda,
bl ulf cæ`rmof blofrgfda
tfrtfs, ofhmalbra, db gfsaemlbrf,
blofrgfda bl ulf
dmstrmùmdarf db em`ras, trflspartí sflgrb y fprbtí gahfs beæstmofs pfrf ef
Oruz Pakf9 nb kugfda f eas dfdas, nb fpastfda f eas of`feeas, nb smda ul
eaoa, ul mdmatf, par dmas, la rboubrda tadas eas trf`fkas, pbra hmbltrfs ebèf
tu em`ra hb vmlmbral huonas f ef of`bzf. Trf`fkf`f bl efs oufdrmeefs db eas
trblbs pfrf fsè rboarrbr be pfès. Rlf vbz cum db Lubvf Arebfls f Eas Ælgbebs
db bsf hflbrf9 atrf, db Eas Ælgbebs f _forfhblta. Las df`fl eftfs db
oahmdf crèf y efs f`rèfhas f gaepbs oaltrf eas rbspfedas db eas fsmbltas
parqub la tblèfhas f`rbeftfs. Las oa`rf`fl bsfs eftfs db hmbrdf, las efs
dbsoaltf`fl dbe prmhbr
La ea sí, smbhprb onbqub,
hb `fkf`f supalga
db eas trblbs qub kulta oal
sml fvmsfr, eas gfstas
fe mgufe dbe vmfkb.
qub atras, pbra
sí qub eas qub sb qubdf`fl trf`fkf`fl ofsm grftms. _mbhprb nf`èf fegumbl
oal ulf àtbeef y ul pfr db dfdas y ulf vbz oflkbfhas eas àlas db oahmdf
bl Eas Ælgbebs y las bhàrrfonfhas oal 3 a 7 hæs y las bstrbonfhas efs
hflas y las sbpfrfhas. Kadbr, hb nb vubeta f dbsvmfr dbe tbhf, pbra qumbra
qub sbpfs qub ea bltbldè ofsm tada, fsè qub grfomfs db lubva par blvmærhbea.
La dmga qub sbfs Kfoi Ealdal, smla Kfoi Oalray, ea oufe la bstæ lfdf hfe.

Wfetbr Eawblcbes, pbrmadmstf y pabtf db mzqumbrdfs, bdmtÿ vfrmfs
fltaeagèfs bl ef díofdf db 6=3: bl efs qub mloeuyÿ pabhfs db @uiawsim.

YF Wfetbr EawblcbesX
6 db hfya db 6=34

Y…Xdbe
rbvmstf Lanmpÿdraha.
sí qumíl bs Kuvblfe9 hb dubeb ef vmstf ouflda dbka db ebbr ef
Hmra par ef vbltflf y vba ulf oaemlf pfrtmdf par ef hmtfd. Tblga 7 eftfs
db obrvbzf bl ef lbvbrf. Ef vmdf hb salrèb.
Zfrf huonas bsormtarbs bsorm`mr bs oaha caeefr; ouflda orbbl qub
bhpmbzfl f nfobrea `mbl db vbrdfd bltalobs dbkfl db nfobrea.
Bspbra durfr ulas oufltas fsfetas hæs, pbra sí qub hb fgufrdf bsf
oasf, bsf oasf qub las dbspbdfzf huona fltbs db harmr, bsb tmgrb, bsf putf,
bsf ofpf lbgrf, bsf uöf dbe pmb.
qub dmas tb foahpföb y be sflta bxorbhblta y ef oahbtf rasf qub vubef
ul lmöa 0 hflzflfs fe lartb.
sfega f dfr ul pfsba.

Nfraed Larsb, pabtf bxpftrmfda db ef @bft Gblbrftmal, y @uiawsim
hfltuvmbral ulf mltblsf rbefomÿl bpmstaefr bl ef díofdf db 6=3:9 @uiawsim
eebgÿ f fsbgurfr qub Larsb brf ula db eas hbkarbs pabtfs vmvas b mloeusa
sugmrmÿ f vfrmfs bdmtarmfebs qub puèmofsbl su a`rf. Fulqub ef rbefomÿl sb
bltur`mÿ bl ef díofdf smgumbltb, Larsb puèmoÿ vfrmas pabhfs y ofrtfs db
@uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf mldbpbldmbltb @fstfrd Flgbe bl 6=74.
YF Nfraed LarsbX
60 db hfya db 6=34

Y…X _è, tmblbs rfzÿl; crfofsfr bs ulf vbltfkf, y hb rbcmbra f la tblbr qub
bstfr tblsa oal ulf tèf bl ef ofhf a be pabhf a ef bstftuf db obrf db
Nmhhebr. Bs hbkar bstfr trflqum, ourrærtbea f tu hflbrf, em`rb, y crfofsfr
oufltfs vbobs qumbrfs. _m sfetfs 2 hbtras oal pírtmgf tb bxmgmræl 2,2 hbtras
ef prÿxmhf vbz y bs huy pasmèb qub tb fof`bs rahpmblda ulf pmbrlf. F efs

hfsfs nfy qub nfobrebs tflta ofsa oaha f ul rèa rbàsfltb db vÿhmta. Bl
ouflta tmrbs f efs hfsfs f ef pfpbebrf, qub bs daldb db`brèfl bstfr, tbldræs
ulf ùblf apartulmdfd pfrf sfetfr oal em`brtfd, sml qub tb kuzgubl. La hb
rbcmbra f ef Oueturf db ef Zrbsultuasmdfd qub prfotmofl huonas rmoas y
cfqumrbs y bebotrmomstfs y oralmstfs dbpartmvas parqub sb orbbl oal ZADBP.
Dbpbldbl db efs hfsfs oaha efs nakfs qub oubegfl db ef rfhf db ul æràe.
Hb rbcmbra f ef dbpbldblomf qub tb pbrhmtb fotufr oal hfrgbl parqub
lbobsmtfs ul `bsa bl ef hbkmeef db ef vbomlf flomflf, la lbobsmtfs beagmas lm
dfr onfrefs pfrf ef _aombdfd Frhblmf db bsormtarbs db Zfsfdblf. Vub ebs
dbl. Hæs pfpbe, hæs obrvbzf, hæs subrtb, mr `mbl db vmbltrb, ul ùbl paeva
db vbz bl ouflda y qub nfgf sae, ±qumíl lbobsmtf lfdf hæs1 Be fequmebr,
oefra. ]f la sí db ea qub bstf`f nfèflda, bsb bs be pbemgra db nfèfr. Tb
palbs f efrgfr y f efrgfr y f efrgfr y fe ofà db ul rfta yf la sf`bs lm ea qub
dmobs…, fe hblas ya…, par bsa hb smblta huona hbkar ouflda bstay
ofeefda.

6=32
Dfvmd Fltml puèmoÿ ul pabhf db @uiawsim bl be tbrobr lûhbra db
sahb/tnmlg bl 6=33, ouyf partfdf meustrÿ Fldy Wfrnae.
YF Dfvmd FltmlX
63 db blbra db 6=32

grfomfs par be bkbhpefr dbe lûhbra 0 db sahb/tnmlg, hb oastÿ dmgbrmrea,
pbra hb oubstf dmgbrmr ofsm tada, bsa la bs lmlgulf lavbdfd, y oaha say ul
àofzfs tb dmrí qub hmrí ef rbvmstf y hb bloaltrí oal eas hmshas praèbhfs
db smbhprb; tada rbzuhf`f mltbemgblomf, sacmstmofomÿl, sf`mdurèf fladmlf,
nf`èf ul usa bxobsmva db oursmvfs…, par hm pfrtb, y tfe vbz sbf be ûlmoa, hb
febgrí huona, ùbla, tfe vbz la hb febgrí, pbra rbspmrí oal hæs em`brtfd
ouflda Cfueilbr hurmÿ, la parqub nu`mbsb hæs bspfoma smla parqub las
hfrbfrèf hblas. yf las kadbl y blgföfl qub df gusta bl be dèf f dèf. sb
pfsfl. y tfh`míl hb rbcmbra f efs HF]Û_OREF_. sbgura qub bstæms
vaevmblda eaoa fe mhprbsar. vfyf nubvas. tb blvèa ul pabhf hflusormta qub
fofà db bsorm`mr àrrfona oaha db oastuh`rb. ±db quí smrvb fefrdbfr1 hb
bhàrrfona f hbluda y tahfrèf oasfs hæs cubrtbs pbra oubstfl huona y ef
oaldblf bs f`surdf sm tb pmeefl, y yf ofrga oal dbhfsmfdfs oaldblfs oaha
sbrpmbltbs bsspbrmhbltas vfyf cfeef rfyf, tahf yf. bl rbsuhbl, sm la pmblsfs
usfr be pabhf, dbvuíevbhbea par cfvar parqub la tblga oapmfs bl pfpbe
ofr`ÿl parqub
dmrbotfhbltb efshæqumlf
bl ef oapmfs db
blbsorm`mr.
pfpbe ofr`ÿl hb ef trfbl ceakf, bsormà

be usa db sèhàeas paítmoas pfrf salfr paítmoa hb nfobl dföa fe aèda, f

sf`br;

f vbr, dbkíhalas db fldfr kadmblda yf y

bhpbobhas f nfèfr db vbrdfd.

Crbd Crflieyl bsorm`mÿ ulf rbsböf lfdf cfvarfèb db Pul wmtn tnb
Nultbd, db @uiawsim, pfrf ef rbvmstf Grfldb
Grfl db Paldb Pbvmbw bl 6=34. Hbe
@uccmlgtal puèmoÿ vfrmas pabhfs lûhbras db @emtz.
p abhfs db @uiawsim bl trbs lûhbras
YF Hbe @uccmlgtalX
Cmlfebs db f`rme db 6=32

Y…X _è, YP. P.X Ousofdbl hb oaltÿ ea db crbd crflieyl, bstf`f eèvmda,
of`rbfdèsmha par eas gaepbs `fkas db ef orètmof (Ousofdbl puèmoÿ Pul wmtn
tnb Nultbd). F kuzgfr par ef ofrtf, ef rbsböf db Crflieyl eb haebstÿ huona.
La
eas oahprí ul hubrdfl
pbrras sb bkbhpefr pfrf
bltrbebbr
sè. sa`rb
tblgahmoasfs
bltmbrra
qubynfobr,
dbculomÿl
oahabl darhmr
vmdf. qub
a
nurgfrhb ef lfrmz a, oaha fnarf, vbr f ulf hukbr oal pfltfealbs grmsbs,
pmbrlfs dbegfdfs y ul ouea haluhbltfe pfsflda kulta f ef vbltflf, y ef
paeef ceæoomdf sb hb oaltrfb hmbltrfs trmpfs eeblfs db gusflas bl be pfrfèsa
ofltfl oaha pækfras bl bstf tfrdb oæemdf bl Eas Ælgbebs.
Pul wmtn tnb Nultbd sfemÿ nfob yf tmbhpa y hb febgra db nf`brea
bsormta. Hb gustfrèf sf`br quí dmrèf hm fhmga Crbddmb db Ftrfpf hm oarfzÿl
bl sus hflas a db Oruomcmka bl ulf hfla mlbrtb, fybr rbom`è hm prmhbr
bkbhpefr (sb nfl puèmofda ?.6:: bl tatfe), bs ulf fltaeagèf db eas pabhfs
bsormtas bltrb 6=3? y 6=32. Crbddy sb vf f palbr efs àtfs.

Fe pfrbobr, nfy pbrsalfs qub orbbl qub ef pabsèf db`brèf bsorm`mrsb db

ul hada dbtbrhmlfda. Za`rbs, quí hfe ea pfsfræl, ebs fof`fræl qumtflda
bsas prbkumomas db ef of`bzf. Bs ulf putfdf, ea sí, bs oaha sm fegumbl sb
tmrfrf f tu hukbr hmbltrfs bstæs bl be trf`fka, pbra, oaha subeb dbomrsb, ef
vmdf smgub.

_tbvb Pmonhald, ul kavbl bstudmfltb db Dbrbona y dbvata db ef a`rf db
@uiawsim, puèmoÿ su pabsèf y prasf bl vfrmfs rbvmstfs. @uiawsim eb
dbvaevmÿ be cfvar y bsorm`mÿ ef mltraduoomÿl db das em`ras suyas.
YF _tbvb PmonhaldX
0? db kuema db 6=32

Y…X tèa, eas em`ras db Kbccbrs bstæl bl oufequmbr `mèmatbof…, bhpmbzf
oal _uon Oaulsbes ]au Gfvb ta Hb y Pafl _tfeemal, Tfhfr fld Atnbr
Zabhs, sa`rb tada Pafl _tfeemal. Eas hbkarbs pabhfs db Kbccbrs sal eas
efrgas. Orba qub Oalrfd Fmibl, f pbsfr db sbr fega qubkmof y frrmbsgfr paoa,
eagrÿ f`rmrsb ofhmla bl fegulas sbltmdas. _u prmlompfe cfeea brf qub bsorm`èf
dbhfsmfda `mbl9 eas salmdas ftbromapbefdas ofsm bsoaldèfl be smglmcmofda y,
par supubsta, bsb bs be kubga db ef hfyarèf db eas pabtfs qub la vfebl lfdf;
pfrbobr hæs praculdas db ea qub sal, mltraduomr oaha qumbl la qumbrb ef
oasf pbquböas dfrdas dbemomasas y dbemofdas y eubga rbtmrfrsb f sus
fpasbltas. Zfrf hè ef vmdf bs ofdf vbz hæs rbfe, pbra ef pabsèf la ofh`mf.
Hb `fstf hmrfr oufequmbr bkbhpefr db ef rbvmstf Zabtry puèmofda bl eas
ûetmhas dmbz föas pfrf sf`br qub hb nfl bh`fuofda, y bs huy pasmèb qub
las nfyfl bh`fuofda. lubstra praèbhf bs qub las trfgfhas su supubstf
supbrmarmdfd y, par ea tflta, _B SRBESBL supbrmarbs. pbra fof`fl
bsorm`mblda pfrf Tnb Lbw ]aribr y hurmblda y lasatras fof`fhas
trf`fkflda bl efs hmlfs db ofr`ÿl y hurmblda, ±quí hæs df bltalobs1

Eas Wb`` puèmofral das em`ras db Nblry Hmeebr trfs nf`br puèmofda
Ftrfpf hm oarfzÿl bl sus hflas y Oruomcmka bl ulf hfla mlbrtb.

YF Nblry HmeebrX
63 db fgasta db 6=32

nay ouhpea
bsorm`mrtb, fulqub42hbföas y oal
mhfgmla qubbsf pa`rbtfltfs
rbom`bs bxousf hb qub
ofrtfs pbrhmta be euka
fof`fræs eaoa.dbf
hè tfh`míl hb eebgfl huonfs, ef hfyarèf huy flmhfdfs, mloeusa oal gfrrf,
pbra pmbrdbl cubeeb ouflda bsorm`bl pabsèf (y hb ef hfldfl). bstay
bsouonflda f Onapml…, sè, kadbr, say `fstfltb ofrof bl fegulas sbltmdas…
y dældaeb f ef `mrrf. Oalaoè f tu qubrmda Cmli y sus onmstbs sa`rb eas kudèas,
y tfh`míl su fhpemtud db hmrfs. trfka obrvbzf y f su hukbr, eb bsouoní y eb
rbgfeí ul oaeefgb a fega qub nf`èf nbona. tb palb par efs lu`bs, pbra vfyf
lavbdfd, huonas ea nfobhas.
pubs lfdf, hb rbgfeÿ ul bkbhpefr dbe em`ra db Oíemlb, ±oÿha sb eefhf`f,
Smfkb fe cml db ef laonb1 ef hfyarèf db eas bsormtarbs hb palbl blcbrha. sus
pfef`rfs lm eebgfl fe pfpbe. hmebs db hmeealbs db bsormtarbs y sus pfef`rfs lm
eebgfl fe pfpbe, pbra Oíemlb nmza qub hb fvbrgalzfrf dbe písmha bsormtar
qub say, qumsb dbkfrea tada. ul puta hfbstra nfèældahb fe aèda. dmas, vaevè
f sbltmrhb oaha ul lmöa. bsouonflda. la nfy lfdmb oaha Oíemlb a
Dastambvsim, sfeva qub sb eefhb Nblry Hmeebr. pubs `mbl, dbspuís db
sbltmrhb hfe fe dbsou`rmr ea mlsmglmcmofltb qub brf, ebè be em`ra bltbra y hb
dbkí eebvfr db ef hfla. Oíemlb brf ul cmeÿsaca qub sf`èf qub ef cmeasacèf bs
mlûtme9 ul of`ralfza qub sf`èf qub caeefr bs ofsm ulf cfrsf9 Oíemlb brf ul
ælgbe qub bsoupèf f eas akas db eas ælgbebs y ofhmlf`f par efs ofeebs. Oíemlb
ea sf`èf tada9 bs dbomr, sf`èf tada ouflta nfy qub sf`br ouflda sb tmblbl das
`rfzas, das pmbs, ulf paeef, fegulas föas par dbefltb, la huonas. paeef
tblèf, bsa bstæ oefra. bsa yf ea sf`èfs. la bsorm`èf oaha YKbflX Gblbt, qub
bsorm`b pbra qub huy `mbl, dbhfsmfda `mbl, tfl `mbl qub rbsuetf saparècbra.
fn, kadbr, y hmbltrfs tflta dmspfrfl dbsdb eas tbkfdas y ef atrf laonb tmrfral
ul oÿotbe haeatav bltrb Naeeywaad @evd. b Mvfr, la huy ebkas db fquè.
Trf`fka oal lbgras y ofsm tadas hb fdarfl, tfe vbz db`brèf eebvfr ulf
pflofrtf qub dmkbrf; ¡BN, BN! ¡EA_ LBGPA_ HB FDAPFL!, pbra bsa
tfhpaoa sbrvmrèf parqub fegûl èfloa of`rÿl hb dmspfrfrèf. par dmas, hm
oahpföbrf bstæ dflda db oahbr f lubstrf nmkf y hmbltrfs tb bsormà hb
mloemla nfomf beef y eb dmga; «aaan, ul paqumta db peætfla, vblgf, RL

ZAVRMTA DB ZEÆTFLA¹. ya, be tmpa dura. tadas las fèfldfhas. bstæl

fquè dbsdb qub bhpboí ef ofrtf, tblga ef rfdma blobldmdf y cuha ul pura
`frfta y `bà obrvbzf, fsè qub sm tada bsta bs ul bh`raeea la bs parqub
nfyf ul hala vbrdb db`fka db ef hbsf tmrældahb db eas nubvas.
ul paoa àrrfona oaha db oastuh`rb, sè. Onapml smgub salflda oal eas
dbdas db… ±qumíl1 ±Zbllfrma1 ±Pu`blstbml1 la tblga tflta aèda. eas
nubsas db Onapml bstæl `mbl hubrtas y dmspfrfl dbsdb eas tbkfdas y bstay
bl ulf oaomlf rumdasf y suomf bsorm`mblda f Nblry Hmeebr. atrf `mrrf, atrf
`mrrf. hm tbarèf bs ef db la rbldmrsb9 la dbkfrí db bsorm`mr fulqub hb
rbonfobl tadf ef vmdf9 la hb rbldmrí fulqub hb blvèbl ul oara db putfs
qub hb hfonfqub vmva y ul grupa db sbms `ftbrèfs hfrmoalbs taoflda eas
àlgÿs f rmtha db twmst y `bàp. la bhpboí nfstf eas ?2 y sm bspbra atras
?2 la qubdfræ huona db hè. nay ouhpea oufrbltf y omloa y bstay
bsorm`míldaeb f Nblry Hmeebr. gblmfe. orba qub Cmli apmlf qub say ul
prbsultuasa, ea qub
smbhprb nb smda pfsf saemtfrma.
ul eaà bs qub latbhb gustf`mbl
ea dmrí eefhfr f efofsm
oefra; pubrtf
lfdmbdbhb
lfdmb,
ofb
`mbl…, hb oflsfl, hb hfrbfl, hb ra`fl, hb hmbltbl, hb kadbl, hb
blgföfl, hb blsböfl, hb mlsuetfl, hb qumbrbl, pbra sa`rb tada nfèfl
nfèfl NF@EFL nfstf qub hb smblta oaha ul gfta fe qub ul bebcfltb sb ef
nf hbtmda par be ouea. la hb smbltf `mbl, bs dbhfsmfda y la hb smbltf `mbl.
bl eas hftfdbras y bl efs cæ`rmofs bstæl dbhfsmfda aoupfdas pfrf nfèfr, y
hb gustfrèf fgrfdboírsbea f eas rmofonalbs db hms kbcbs. mloeusa ouflda hb
dbspmdbl la amga sus vaobs, y la nfy nmkaputf fe qub nfyfl dbspbdmda tflta
oaha f hè, pbra lulof amga sus vaobs9 sb nfob oal tfota, db hflbrf
bduofdf, sml kfeba, y hb efrga db efs cæ`rmofs y la sb hb aourrb palbrhb f
dmspfrfr dbsdb eas tbkfdas. saea pmblsa bl tmrfrhb ulf sbhflf durhmblda y
dbspuís yf sb vbræ. a vubeva f ofsf, bona ul ùbl paeva y hb pfsa ef laonb
`b`mblda. fega fsè. bsas peflbs hb vmblbl db pbrefs. say ul ofpueea, pbra ul
ofpueea saemtfrma. y oaha nb puèmofda ulas oufltas pabhfs fnarf eefhfl f
hm pubrtf, pbra smga sml qubrbr vbreas. ea qub pfsf bs qub sm brbs ul tmpa
saemtfrma y ul dal lfdmb, bltalobs brbs ul oaegfda, pbra sm brbs ul tmpa
saemtfrma y tb bstæs dflda f oalaobr, bltalobs brbs ul prbsultuasa. nfgfs ea
qub nfgfs, smbhprb bloaltrfræl be hada db palbrtb bl tu smtma. nfstf hm
oahpföbrf sb pfsf be dèf oarrmgmíldahb, dmgf ea qub dmgf. sm hb ebvflta par
ef hföflf y dmga; «Kadbr, quí ofear¹, beef dmræ, «Orbbs qub nfob ofear, pbra

la nfob tflta ofear oaha fybr. mhfgèlftb sm vmvmbrfs bl Æcrmof…¹ y oasfs

par be bstmea.
±par dÿldb m`f1 ±atrf `mrrf1 par supubsta.
fnarf hm nmkf qumbrb dfreb f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. fdbefltb, oaebgf,
fdbefltb. ef ebvflta
«Hfedmtf sbf, ±la vbsf qub
pbsabstay
y ef bsorm`míldaeb
palga bl be fsubea
NblrydbHmeebr1
lubva ±bs
y ebqub
dmga;
la
sf`bs qub nay ouhpea 421¹
pubs lfdf, bspbra qub rbom`mbrfs eas ? bkbhpefrbs db OruYomcmkaX. Wb``
hb dma 63 y la db`brèf nf`brea nbona parqub subea rbgfeærsbeas f
qumblqumbrf qub hb nfgf oahpföèf ouflda bstay àrrfona, fe mgufe qub eas
oufdras, pbra eas oufdras sal hbdmaorbs, mltblta qub be fhfrmeea dbstfqub
hæs qub eas atras oaearbs, oaha sm cubrf hm oaeuhlf vbrtb`rfe. sè, say
fhfrmeea9 say fhfrmeea y ul tmpa dura y bstay oflsfda y àrrfona, y ef vmdf
sb dbspmdb oaha ul pbda y smga oaha sm lfdf. La dbka db pblsfr bl YD. N.X
Efwrblob ardböflda efs vfofs, la dbka db pblsfr bl su qubrmdf Crmbdf,
bstay oaegfda9 la dbka db rboardfr ofrfs qub nb vmsta bl cæ`rmofs, oærobebs y
naspmtfebs. la hb oahpfdbzoa db bsfs ofrfs, la efs dmstmlga oal oefrmdfd.
oaha `fyfs hbomíldasb bl be vmblta, oaha hmbrdf db pækfra bl ef bstftuf
db ef vmdf. hfedmtf sbf. atrf obrvbzf. fnarf sublf Crfloi. las oalcarhfhas
oal ea qub las dfl. fulqub ef _mlcalèf bl rb hblar la bstæ hfe. ulf vbz
bstuvb ofsfda oal ulf hmeealfrmf y bstf`f tuh`fda àrrfona bl ef fecah`rf
bsouonflda ef _mlcalèf bl rb hblar db Crfloi, y beef vf y hb dmob; «¡Bsf
hûsmof bs narrmèb!¹, y supb db mlhbdmfta qub be hmeeÿl lulof sbrèf hèa. la
brf hm tmpa. y pfrf dbhastrfrea, bsf laonb ouflda hb ef tmrí bl be
darhmtarma sb ofybral tadas eas bstfltbs y efs hfobtfs y ef `msutbrèf hb
ofybral bl ef bspfedf y be ouea. f vbr, say ùbla, pbra la tfl ùbla. eb
pfrbomÿ narrmèb qub tfh`míl hb rmbsb bltalobs, y sb ef vaevè f hbtbr y be
hmeeÿl sb bscuhÿ… «La hb gustfl eas nah`rbs qub sb rèbl db sè hmshas,
la hb gustfl eas nah`rbs qub sb hacfl db sè hmshas. hb gustfl eas
nah`rbs oal fhar prapma¹, hb dmka. ùbla, hb rèa parqub say rmdèouea, say
tbhparfe, ofga y hb emhpma be ouea, bstay eebla db haoas y `f`fs y `monas b
mdbfs grfldmasfs… bl rbfemdfd la say hæs qub ul gmempaeefs. prmhbra cub be
tmpa hbeasa y oueta oal be fecmebr db oar`ftf pûrpurf, pbra beef fof`ÿ oal ul
bsqumhfe, ul pbsofdar y pracbsar kfpalís, orba qub sb eefhf`f, eefhf, Tfhm.
Tfhm.

Tfhm sb qubdÿ oal be hmeeÿl y ya oal be oaonb. supalga qub lmlgula db eas
das bsouonf f Crfloi.
pubs bsa, bspbra qub nfyfs rbom`mda eas em`ras. hm hukbr cub fe hbrofda
f oahprfr ulf ofkf, ef dbspbdfzÿ b nmza tada be trf`fka suoma. ul fhmga
tuya dmka qub pfgfrèf eas em`ras, dmka; «Eas pfsfrí oaha gfstas db acmomlf.¹
eb sugbrè 2 dÿefrbs par em`ra, y dfda qub saea oa`ra dmbz obltfvas par
bkbhpefr vbldmda bl oalobpta db dbrbonas db futar, hb pfrbomÿ ul onaeea.
orba qub f íe tfh`míl parqub nfl pfsfda 0 sbhflfs y smga sml latmomfs.
oefra qub eb dmkb; «_m fldfs bsofsa db dmlbra, aevèdfea.¹ supalga qub tadas
fldfhas bsofsas. ef tuh`f las bspbrf, la nfy hflbrf db bvmtfref. ulf vbz
vmvè bl ul eugfr bl Ftefltf par ul dÿefr y 02 obltfvas f ef sbhflf. vmvè feeè
ul hbs par fpblfs > dÿefrbs. y bsorm`è pabhfs bl eas àrdbs db ulas
pbrmÿdmoas vmbkas qub bloaltrí bl be subea. la nf`èf euz lm ofebcfoomÿl. la sí
quí cub db eas pbrmÿdmoas y fpblfs rboubrda quí cub db hè. bs larhfe,
mloeusa
ebyblda1sbeasvubevb
42 salflarhfe.
db ea hæstb trmstb,
bstay fulqub
dflda eas
ef vfrf bstf eas
?: cubral laonb. ±smgubs
pbarbs. sfeè
fdbefltb y la parqub tblgf fgfeefs.
prbpærftb pfrf ea qub hæs tbhèfs; par supubsta qub hb gustfrèf
oalaobrtb. hb gustfrèf vbrtb sbltfda crbltb f hè. la orba qub pfsb. nfèfr
la bs ea hèa y ofsm smbhprb hb bloubltra hfe. sbrèf oaha sm ul dal lfdmb
oalaombsb f Dmas. y tb ebvfltfrèfs pfrf mr fe `föa f hbfr y dmrèf; vfyf, Dmas
tfh`míl hbf. la tb tahbs f hfe ef fduefomÿl, Nblry, yf ef vbèfs vblmr. yf
nfs pfsfda par bsta fltbs. tb eefha «Nblry¹ parqub ul bstudmfltb qub hb
blvèf ofrtfs efrguèsmhfs eeblfs db taltbrèfs mlsmstb tflta bl eefhfrhb «sböar
@uiawsim¹ qub hb ea fofà orbyblda, y ea ûlmoa qub qumbrb bs frrfstrfrsb
par blomhf db hm ofdævbr mlbrtb. ùbla, df mgufe, sm dbomdbs vblmr f vbrhb,
¡fy!, hm lûhbra db tbeícala bs LA-6-3?>2 y ef dmrboomÿl bstæ bl be sa`rb.
pbra tb bstay tahflda be pbea. aevèdfea.
Oíemlb, Oíemlb, dmas hèa, Oíemlb. ±oÿha bs pasmèb qub nfyf bxmstmda ul
nah`rb fsè1
atrf `mrrf.
pubs lfdf, oaha brbs Oíemlb, hb gustfrèf qub supmbrfs qub, bsorm`f ea
qub bsorm`f, nb vmvmda ea hèa; eas `floas pûèmoas, efs cæ`rmofs, efs oærobebs9
vmgmeí ef pubrtf
pfrf pbrras, db uloaldblf
ouhpeè ùrdbe bl
oalCart Wartn, trf`fkí
be Blbhmga bl L.»
Zûèmoa ulf6cæ`rmof
(¡vfyfdb pmblsa
subrtb ef

hèf!)9 ra`í y hb ra`fral9 hb dbsflgrí bl eas naspmtfebs9 hb frrbkultí oal

tadfs efs putfs y zarrfs eaofs nf`mdfs y par nf`br9 trf`fkas tbrrmèbs,
hukbrbs tbrrmèbs, db tada, y ofsm lfdf fpfrbob rbcebkfda bl hm pabsèf
parqub tadfvèf la say ea `fstfltb nah`rb y tfe vbz lulof ea sbf9 bl be
ûetmha lûhbra db Ef Grfldb Paldb Pbvmbw dmobl qub say tasoa, qub hm
artagrfcèf bs písmhf y hb fsbstfl tada tmpa db gaepbs `fkas. la nb
oahprfda ul bkbhpefr, la tblga fgfeefs, hb ea oaltfral. bhpebfral 2
pægmlfs y hbdmf pfrf palbrhb par eas subeas. ±±smglmcmof qub ea bstay
oalsmgumblda11 ea qub ef hfyarèf la sf`b bs qub, fulqub hm artagrfcèf dbkf
huona qub dbsbfr, huonfs vbobs bsormà àrrfona y eas dbdas hb cfeefl
hmbltrfs tboeba, y f ef hföflf smgumbltb bstay dbhfsmfda rbsfoasa pfrf ebbr
lfdf, fsè qub blvèa tada tfe oufe ea bsormà, oaha nfrí oal bstf ofrtf. ef
hföflf la pubdb pefltfreb ofrf f ef laonb.
orba qub bl eugfr db sbgumr vay f dbkfrea fquè9 sbgurfhbltb nb nfèfda
hæs
hmshadb narfrma
ef oubltf. dbspuís
bl ul trf`fkadbnarrmèb.
ul oahmblza
pbra be feaofda, eebva >ulföas
atra dèf vbldè oalpar
oufdra be
0: dÿefrbs sml qub tfl smqumbrf ea nu`mbrfl vmsta. ul tmpa db ul pubèbomta db
Cearmdf hb blvmÿ ul `meebtb db vbmltb y hb dmka; «blvèfhb ula db tus
oufdras¹. fsè qub tfe vbz tadfvèf la bstí hubrta. tû lulof bstfræs hubrta.
YF Nblry HmeebrX
Cmlfebs db fgasta db 6=32

la, la say db eas qub sb prbsbltfl sml fvmsfr, bspbra qub la orbfs qub
pmblsa pefltfrhb bl tu ofsf fsè oaha fsè. fulqub sublb f bxousf, bsorm`è ef
ofrtf àrrfona. bl ouflta f ef `b`mdf, sm sb ofrgf ef orbftmvmdfd, pubs quí sb
eb vf f nfobr. pfrf hè bs hæs mhpartfltb vmvmr be hahblta qub sbr ul frtmstf
orbftmva9 vfhas, qub lbobsmta fega qub hb dí oubrdf a hb qubda ftræs, say
ul oa`frdb, la hb fpbtbob oruzfr lmlgulf pubrtf.
Eas em`ras YOruomcmkaX yf bstæl pfgfdas, y kusta f tmbhpa (pfrf hè). tuvb
qub ofh`mfr eas crblas db hm vmbka Zeyhautn, nb bstfda oalduomíldaea sml
crblas. hm hukbr nf onmeefda fe vbr be prboma. orba qub say mdmatf. say mdmatf.

vf fe `föa f hbfr y dbkf ef pubrtf f`mbrtf y eb hmra efs pmbrlfs efrgfs b

mlbrtbs. eubga blombldb ef rfdma. ef rfdma smbhprb bstæ blobldmdf. ofhmla
par be fpfrtfhblta oal tfpalbs pfrf eas aèdas hmbltrfs ofvmea sm dbà sfemr f
oahprfr ulf àtbeef db vmla. oaha tada be hulda, dbà ef cfoturf dbe gfs,
ef dbe tbeícala y eas fofltmefdas hb ofbl blomhf… la, la, ofsm lulof
bsormà prasf, sa`rb tada parqub sm ef rbonfzfl bs oaha sm hb hftfrfl. tadf
bsf blbrgèf dbspbrdmomfdf. la tblga vfear db bsorm`mr ulf lavbef parqub
tbha qub oaltfrèf ofsm tadf hm vmdf y eubga sb qubdfrèf pfrf smbhprb bl ul
ofkÿl. ulf vbz dmkb bl ulf rbvmstf qub bsorm`mrèf ulf lavbef sm hb pfgf`fl
ul fdbeflta db 2:: dÿefrbs. lfdmb sb acrbomÿ lm ea nfræ. fulqub ea pfrbzof,
la bs oubstmÿl db dmlbra, smla db qubdfrhb sml blbrgèf. bsormà pabhfs y
ofsm lulof hb nfobl dföa y smga fe hflda db ef cartfebzf, par fsè dbomrea.
hm nmkf hb bstæ frföflda… tmblb 66 hbsbs y yf qumbrb bsorm`mr f hæqumlf.
yf sb eb prbsbltfræ ef apartulmdfd, kadbr.
ùsofrí
fulqub eas em`ras
la orba db YKbflX
qub nfyf lfdmb fGmala a ebdbpbdmrí
ef feturf f hm
Oíemlb. brf hukbr qub ¡hmbrdf,
ul gblma. ea nfgf,
hmbrdf, hb dubebl eas `rfzas y be pbona! hföflf mrí bl trbl f Dbe Hfr.
bstfs hukbrbs hb bstæl vaevmblda eaoa bl efs 0 pbquböfs nf`mtfomalbs dbe
fpfrtfhblta, tblga qub ùsofr hahbltas db em`brtfd; be ombea, ef ofrrbtbrf,
be ouea db ul of`feea, eas æràebs hubrtas, be hfr, lubvfs pmbrlfs pfrf
dbfhùefr, oufequmbr oasf, oufequmbr oasf… eas dmùkas qub tb blvmí brfl
písmhas, hfeas db vbrdfd. bstay prbpfrflda ul em`ra db dmùkas pfrf ul
bdmtar y eas 0 qub tb hfldí la carhfl pfrtb db bsb praybota. be bdmtar qumbrb
usfr huonas dmùkas y fegulas pabhfs, ulf ùblf oah`mlfomÿl; ul paoa
db tmltf onmlf y huonf obrvbzf y hb hbta db of`bzf.

@uiawsim blvmÿ fhàs dmùkas f Hmeebr trfs nf`br dbsofrtfda su mloeusmÿl

bl Ftahmo _orm`èmlgs crah f Hflmfo Fgb (6=33), ul em`ra mlfof`fda db

dmùkas y pabhfs.

@uiawsim fpfrbomÿ bl vfrmas lûhbras db ef rbvmstf Mltbrhmssmal,
bdmtfdf par Gblb Oaeb, bl 6=32-6=33.
YF Gblb OaebX
Dmombh`rb db 6=32

Grfomfs par eas bkbhpefrbs db Mltbrhmssmal, nb ebèda 0 db hahblta9 eas
frtèoueas bstæl `mbl, pbra f eas pabhfs ebs cfetf vmdf. Db tadas hadas, hb
palga db eas lbrvmas ouflda eba bsas frtèoueas sa`rb drfhfturgmf, oal oasfs
oaha «ulf a`rf db`b db tblbr ulf prbhmsf¹ y atrfs par be bstmea. Huona hb
tbha qub eas praèbhfs db eas drfhfturgas sal eas hmshas qub eas db tada
be hulda, bs dbomr, ebs nfl prbpfrfda pfrf qub nfgfl efs oasfs db ulf
hflbrf dbtbrhmlfdf. Bs pasmèb qub bsta sbf ûtme pfrf eas pracbsmalfebs9 tfe
vbz oalsmgf qub eas drfhfturgas hfeas ofsm sbfl ùblas, pbra be «oÿha
nfobrea¹ lulof orbfræ Frtb, lulof las dbspakfræ db ef pmbe vmbkf, lulof las
sfofræ db fquè. _m bsorm`mbsb ulf a`rf db tbftra ea nfrèf oaha hb dmbsb ef
gflf y sfedrèf `mbl. La bstay dmomblda qub la db`fl bsorm`mrsb frtèoueas
sa`rb drfhfturgmf lm qub la nfyf tfeebrbs sa`rb drfhfturgmf. La pranm`mrèf
lfdf. Vub ef gbltb nfgf ea qub qumbrf. Ebs dbsba subrtb. _brí be prmhbra bl
febgrfrhb db qub hb tfonbl db hbltmrasa sm sal ofpfobs db orbfr Frtb y
a`rfs db tbftra qub pbrdurbl oal bsas hítadas.

6=33
Kanl @bllbtt puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl vfrmas lûhbras db ef rbvmstf
Sfgfàld bl efs díofdfs db 6=3: y 6=7:.
YF Kanl @bllbttX
Cmlfebs db hfrza db 6=33

Y…X f vbobs ouflda hb bhàrrfona sfeb be bdmtar qub eebva dbltra, sb
fpadbrf db efs paofs lburalfs qub hb qubdfl, y sb hb aourrbl mdbfs pfrf
puèmofr rbvmstfs, f sf`br;
(¡vf bl sbrma!)
6. Rlf Pbvmstf Oaltbhparælbf db Emtbrfturf, Frtb y Hûsmof

a
Rlf Pbvmstf db Emtbrfturf, Frtb y Hûsmof Oaltbhparælbas lfdf
db pabsèf lm a`rfs hadbrlfs, saea frtèoueas oal gfrrf sa`rb be
huldmeea y, sm bs pasmèb, rbpraduoomalbs frtèstmofs. par supubsta, ya
hmsha bsorm`mrèf fegulas db eas frtèoueas pfrf fsbgurfrhb db qub ef
rbvmstf tuvmbrf vmdf y fgfeefs. orba qub bs lbobsfrmf ulf rbvmstf fsè,
pbra duda huona qub sb palgf bl hfronf.
0. Ef Pbvmstf Zfpbe db Sætbr ef rbdfotfrèf bl pfpbe db vætbr
(lubstra ebhf sbrèf «¡Las mhpartf ulf hmbrdf!¹), usfrèf pfpbe
ofr`ÿl
dmùkfrèfy ulf
eubga pbgfrèf
partfdf be pfpbe
armgmlfe db vætbr
pfrf ofdf bl ul pfpbe larhfe y
bkbhpefr.

?. (sml tètuea) bsorm`mrèf ofdf lûhbra f hfla oal tmltf onmlf y

tfh`míl nfrèf ÿebas fe pfstbe (dmstmltas) pfrf ofdf lûhbra, y efs
partfdfs tbldrèfl ulf meustrfomÿl ûlmof y armgmlfe. fprbldè f bsorm`mr
f hfla huy ræpmda ouflda pfsí nfh`rb db kavbl y la tblèf
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr y blvmf`f tada usflda be tmltbra. bsormà hæs
ræpmda usflda hfyûsouefs qub f hfla fezfdf, a fe hblas fltbs brf
fsè. Y…X
ul mdmatf db Friflsfs sb nf bscuhfda oal ulas 6:: dmùkas qub nmob

oal tmltf onmlf pfrf ul em`ra db dmùkas

Be praybota mloaloeusa Ftahmo _orm`èmlgs crah

crah f Hflmfo Fgb lulof vma ef
euz, y bstb dmùka fof`ÿ puèmoældasb bl ulf rbvmstf emtbrfrmf bl 6=76.

y pabhfs.f be
la rbspaldb hmstmpa flulomÿ
ofrtfs be em`ra
y fnarf tada ybeoa`rÿ
huldaeaspblsfræ
pbdmdasqub
parsay
fdbefltfda.
ul puta

bstfcfdar. bsa la bs ea qub hæs hb haebstf smla efs efrgfs laonbs qub hb
pfsí dbspmbrta nfstf be fhflbobr, dbsoakalældahb, `b`mblda, bl pbeatfs bl
ef oaomlf, hflonældahb db tmltf onmlf, dmùkflda par efs pfrbdbs,
smltmíldahb ofsm vmva, pfrf qub fnarf bsb of`rÿl sb qubdb oal tadfs bsfs
laonbs, tadas bsas dmùkas y dbsfpfrbzof oal beeas. hb gustfrèf pmeefr f
fegulas db bsas nmkas db putf f`rmíldahb ef pubrtf db su ofsf, pbra bstæl
huy trflqumeas parqub sf`bl qub la vay f mr par tada be pfès
pbrsmgumíldaeas. bs hæs cæome nfobr atras ombl dmùkas. pubs lfdf, fnè tmblbs
atrf nmstarmf pftítmof pfrf tus fronmvas. lulof aevmdbs qub la sb pubdb
oalcmfr bl eas nah`rbs db ebtrfs. fltbs hb cmfrèf db efs narhmgfs, eas
pmghbas, eas frtmstfs db efs pfkfs, eas onupfpaeefs, eas lmöas db hfhæ
oahbhaoas… ofsm, ofsm. rboubrdf qub bl fgasta ouhpemrí 43 föas, y
fulqub bhpboí bstb kubga f eas ?2, nb vmsta tfltf hmbrdf bl 66 föas qub
`fstfrèf pfrf àh`frdbfreas f tadas beeas. ofsm.

Efwrblob Cbremlgnbttm, qumbl nf`èf culdfda Omty Emgnts bl 6=2? y
nf`èf puèmofda Fueemda, db Feebl Gmls`brg, bl 6=23, puèmoÿ ef Frtfud
Fltnaeagy bl 6=329 @uiawsim ef rbsböÿ f oahmblzas db 6=33 bl be
pbrmÿdmoa Eas Flgbebs Crbb Zrbss.
YF Efwrblob CbremlgnbttmX
6= db kulma db 6=33

Y…X la qubrèf mrhb par efs rfhfs. bl ouflta f Frtfud, ofè bl ef oubltf
db qub huonfs db sus mdbfs sal pfrbomdfs f efs hèfs9 db nbona, hmbltrfs
ebèf ef fltaeagèf brf oaha sm ya hmsha nu`mbrf bsormta huonas db eas
pfsfkbs… gmempaeebobs, oefra bstæ, pbra bs ula db eas paoas bsormtarbs qub
hb nfob sbltmr oaha ul lmöa fprbldmblda f bsorm`mr, y ofsm lulof hb smblta
fsè.
la tb prbaoupbs par efs rbsböfs bl Crflomf, bsas of`ralbs smbhprb
pmblsfl qub sahas ulas ofrofs… bs ulf bspbomb db bstfldfrtb qub èfldbl

nfob smgeas, bs ulf ofzf db `rukfs y ul oalkura db oaöas. bs tu hbkar em`ra,

ulf hfzf oal pmbrlfs y akas.
hmbltrfs, hb taoa hms pa`rbs nubvas y tmrmta `fka be sae.

Kbfl y Sbrye Pasbl`fuh puèmofral ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl vfrmas
lûhbras db ef rbvmstf Autofst bltrb 6=33 y 6=3>.
YF Kal y Eau Wb``X

66 db kuema db 6=33

sè, Pasbl`fuh rbom`mÿ be lûhbra db Aeb oal be pabhf sa`rb íe. hb
bsorm`mÿ y tblga ef ofrtf par fegûl efda.
¡_fevb, Nfli! Pby db efs `mrrfs,
Bspbrf`f oal flsmf qub tu pabhf bl Aeb, bl rbspubstf fe
bxobebltb frtèouea qub puèmquí bl be lûhbra 6 db Autofst sa`rb be
huldmeea emtbrfrma, hb acbldmbrf. Hb dbobpomalÿ huona qub fpblfs
dmkbrfs ¡fy! Ef qubkf brf tfl mlfudmèb qub nfstf ul pbda sb amrèf
hæs. La hb fùrrmÿ tflta tu pbrobpomÿl supbrcmomfe db ef smtufomÿl
oaha qub nfyfs pbrdmda gflona. Db nbona, sf`bs tfl `mbl oaha ya
qub la nfs bsormta ul pabhf qub vfegf ef pblf dbsdb Ftrfpf hm
oarfzÿl…, f pbsfr dbe àhà y peftmeea qub nfl rbom`mda eas das
em`ras smgumbltbs. Sbrye y ya tb fdhmrfhas y las prbaoupf tu dboemvb
frtèstmoa, par huona qub fnarf sbfs hæs papuefr qub lulof. Orba
qub bstæs par blomhf db bsa. ±_f`bs qub be sbgura db Oarrbas ou`rb
be 2: % dbe oastb db ul trftfhmblta psmoatbrfpíutmoa1 Akfeæ nfgfs
fega pfrf em`brfrtb parqub lbobsmtfhas y qubrbhas pabhfs db
prmhbrf pfrf eas smgumbltbs lûhbras db Autofst.
Kbfl
Bsormta bl pfpbe rasf oal ul hbh`rbtb db Autofst . bl be ûetmha lûhbra

db ef rbvmstf puèmofral ul pabhf hèa oal ? a tfe vbz saea 0 pfef`rfs hfe

bsormtfs, y la brfl brrarbs hèas, smla qub pusmbral ulf «b¹ daldb db`brèf mr
ulf «a¹ y oasfs par be bstmea. eas pabhfs db eas atras futarbs la tblèfl
brrftfs. la orba qub nfgf cfetf dbomr ea a`vma, pbra bs atra oefra bkbhpea db
qub trftfr oal Kbfl la tbrhmlf db gustfrhb. hm pabhf tfe vbz eb
dbobpomalfrf bl eugfr db acbldbreb, pbra `mbl qub sfof sus oaehmeeas
fhfrmeebltas bl ef ofrtf. la nfob cfetf sbr psmqumftrf pfrf dfrsb oubltf db
qub hb ef bstæ dbvaevmblda. bstay nfrta db bstb tèa. par ombrta, Oarrbas
acrbob hbdmf daoblf db sbguras dmcbrbltbs. efs tfrmcfs vfrèfl, mloeumdf ef dbe
«trftfhmblta psmoatbrfpíutmoa¹. eb blofltf sfofr be tbhf db Oarrbas parqub
sf`b qub hb bstæ hftflda. tfhpaoa bltmblda ea db «orba qub bstæs par
blomhf db bsa¹, bstæ hbtmda oal ofezfdar bltrb 0 mdbfs oal efs qub la
gufrdf rbefomÿl fegulf. ±say be ûlmoa qub bstæ hfkfrf1 Y…X
be qub Eaukal puèmqub ul ?.br em`ra db @uiawsim bl 6=37 a f
prmlompmas db 6=3> bs ea ûlmoa qub bvmtf qub ofmgf hubrta bl hbdma db ef
ofeeb.
pfpbe ef rbhatfdbpasm`memdfd
pmltfda efs pfrbdbsdby qub
qub sb
hbnfgf rbfemdfd
foubstb mhpmdb qub
oal hukbrbs oalfrrflqub be
efs qub la
hb fpbtbob foastfrhb y qub dbfhùeb `fka be sae oal fgukbras bl be fehf y
eas àesmeeas, kadbr. hb febgrf rbom`mr ef latmomf tfl pralta. padrèf bhpbzfr f
ùsofr eas pabhfs y pfsfreas f emhpma. hb nfl fobptfda pabhfs bl 0
daoblfs db rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs y nay hmsha nb rbom`mda ul pfr db ofrtfs db
bdmtarbs burapbas qub qumbrbl vbr ea qub bsormà, y hms dbdas sb smbltbl
`mbl fe taofr efs tboefs y be pfpbe. yf la bsormà oaha ea nfoèf bl Ftrfpf hm
oarfzÿl. nfy qumblbs sb haebstfl par bsa, pbra f hè hb pfrbob db ea hæs
larhfe. bsorm`f ea qub bsorm`f, yf sbf ùbla a hfea, tmblb qub sbr ul rbcebka
db qumbl say bl bstas hahbltas. eas pabhfs sa`rb efs putfs y efs
àrrfonbrfs tuvmbral su hahblta db gearmf, pbra la pubda pfsfrhb ef vmdf
bsorm`mblda sa`rb ea hmsha. eas lartbfhbrmoflas smbhprb qumbrbl ulf
MHFGBL pfrf tada, fega qub btmqubtfr y oefsmcmofr, y la pmblsa dærsbea. a
fobptfl f bstb vmbka oal fgukbras bl eas ofeobtmlbs cratældasb eas akas y
saöflda oal Fldbrlfon f efs 4 db ef tfrdb a la nfy lfdf qub nfobr. be
ûetmha pabhf qub bsorm`f sbræ be pabhf qub tbldrí qub bsorm`mr bltalobs.
hb pbrhmta be euka db tahfrhb bsf em`brtfd. Y…X
la, YKanlX Hfrtml la subeb vblmrhb oal sbrhalbs, mltblta qub hb nfèb
hæs db íe y db sus fotmvmdfdbs. su mhprbsar bs ul ofrof db oumdfda. dmeb ul
dèf qub tb oubltb oasfs dbe mhprbsar. bl ula db hms pabhfs sfeèf ef pfef`rf

«kadbr¹. be mhprbsar ea prbpfrÿ tada hblas bsf pfef`rf. dmka qub la padèf
nfobrea, qub lulof ea nf`èf nbona. eb sugmrmÿ f Hfrtml qub usærfhas ul
sbeea db ofuona pfrf bstfhpfr bsf pfef`rf. dmas hèa, fe cmlfe Hfrtml la
puèmoÿ be pabhf par ouepf dbe mhprbsar. dmob qub hms pabhfs sal
«sædmoas¹. sflta dmas, vfyf hulda eebla db pækfras db hfe fgõbra.
YF Nfraed LarsbX
0 db fgasta db 6=33

Y…X sè, oubstf trfgfr f Orbbeby, pbra orba qub sb bstæ dbsbspbrflda
parqub bsorm`mÿ ul pabhf bl be qub vbèf f ulf hukbr armlfr bl be efvfà, ef
hukbr la hbf`f
sb ef nu`mbrf smla qub saea
caeefda…, armlf`f
qubyOrbbeby
sb ruàrmzf`f,
la caeefarmlf`f dbspuís
smla qub nfob db
be qub íe
fhar.
pbra be pabhf la tbrhmlf`f db culomalfr parqub brf a`vma qub bstf`f
bscarzældasb par sbr ula db eas lubstras. bs oaha sm ya mhmtfrf f Orbbeby,
vbfhas;
ef oaeuhpmí bl be oaeuhpma
dbe pfrqub, f hm nmkf, be ombea bstf`f feeè, hm nmkf bl be oaeuhpma, bl be
pfrqub, y ul dèf, pblsí, hmbltrfs beef razf`f be ombea; tbldrí
hm apartulmdfd.

Hmonfbe Carrbst, pabtf oabtælba db @uiawsim, tfh`míl puèmof`f sus
em`ras bl @efoi _pfrraw Zrbss.
YF Hmonfbe CarrbstX
Cmlfebs db 6=33

Y…X oaha
rbpemof Bsouepa
ulfblhukbr.
pmbdrf Bsouepa
la parqub
bl pbrdurb smla parqub
pmbdrf parqub eas 0bstæ
a ?fnèùblas
y la

nah`rbs dbe cutura hb ebbræl y sb rbmræl. Bsa hb `fstf, bs tada ouflta

tblga.
Orba qub grfomfs f (a f pbsfr db) hms 43 föas bl be mlcmbrla nb
oalsbrvfda ulas gearmasas y oa`frdbs y hfrfvmeeasas b mlsmglmcmofltbs
ftmsàs
dbe dbdadbgarda
pblsfhmblta
dbe pmb +mzqumbrda,
ulfs ofrofkfdfs
ea oufedb
hbeaoa db`fka oal
hfltmblb (qumzæ)
vmdfdbbltrb
ef uöf
be
sumomdma y ef euonf.
Bs ul ùbl tbrrbla lbutrfe. Zar supubsta, eas tbrrblas lbutrfebs la sal
oaltuldbltbs lm fetmsalfltbs (a trmulcfebs) dbsdb ul pulta db vmstf frtèstmoa
y pûèmoa lm tfhpaoa sal fdarfèbs. Bl ef hfyarèf db hms pabhfs ofhmla
par ulf nf`mtfomÿl y bstay febgrb/trmstb (la sal efs pfef`rfs fdboufdfs) db
qub tflta ef nf`mtfomÿl oaha ya bstbhas fnè bl bsb hahblta. Orba qub nb
ebèda ofsm tadas eas em`ras, pbra lulof lfdmb hb nf`èf dmona bsa, y akfeæ ea
nu`mbrfl nbona. ]f cubrf LYmbtzsonbX, _napbYlnfubrXa be prbtblomasa y
dbhfgaga db _fltfyflf. Oufequmbrf.

6=37
Dfrrbee Ibrr y Onfrebs Zatts puèmofral bl 6=3> bl su pbquböa sbeea
bdmtarmfe Zabtry ^/Onflgb ul em`rmta db @uiawsim tmtuefda Zabhs Wrmttbl
@bcarb Kuhpmlg Aut ac fl > _tary Wmldaw.
Wmldaw.
YF Dfrrbee IbrrX
0= db f`rme db 6=37

Y…X vfhas, pfrf hè ef foomÿl bstæ bl ef Orbfomÿl, oal O hfyûsouef db
Oaöa. a `mbl ef bsorm`bs ef pmltfs a tb ef caeefs. 0 tmpas nfèflda la hb
smrvbl db huona.
bsorm`mr pabsèf bs fega smlguefr.
smlguefr.
f vbr,
fpbstf, la bltrb
pbra hb oalsmdbra ul prbsultuasa
efs àrrfonbrfs qub qub
y be trf`fka pmblsf
hb qub su fpblfs
hftf, hmbrdf hb
la
qubdfl ulf a 0 narfs em`rbs y hb gustf fpravbonfrefs f hm hflbrf.
fsè qub la day rbomtfebs paítmoas la vay f efs pratbstfs nmppmbs lm f eas
`fmebs dbe fhar lm lfdf pfrbomda.
smbhprb nb smda ul «eaà saemtfrma¹. nfy pbrsalfs fsè, qub sb smbltbl
hbkar saefs, yf sbf par lfturfebzf, psmoasms a hmbda f efs huetmtudbs. fnarf
bstæ db hadf FHFP F TADF OA_TF, pbra orba qub ouflda be fhar sb
trflscarhf bl ulf ardbl, be adma sb vubevb pefobltbra9 ea qub trfta db
dbomrtb bs qub say ul vmbka gruöÿl y qub vblmr f vbrhb la ofh`mfræ lfdf,
sa`rb tada sm nb `b`mda wnmsiy hfea oal be bstÿhfga vfoèa. tblga ofsm 47
föas y eebva ?: `b`mblda, la qubdf huona db hè db tflta mr y vblmr f eas

naspmtfebs. la ea dmga bl pefl qubkmof. pbra bs qub fegulfs db efs oasfs qub
eas kÿvblbs vmvbl y bltmbldbl fnarf (y nfy huonfs oasfs qub la bltmbldbl)
ya yf efs vmvè bl 6=?= ouflda ef Gubrrf brf @ublf, ef Mzqumbrdf brf
Nbrhasf, btoítbrf. ouflda Nbhmlgwfy bsorm`èf `mbl y eas kÿvblbs sfeèfl
oarrmblda pfrf femstfrsb bl ef F`rfnfh Emloael @rmgfdb. eas kÿvblbs
smbhprb sb bltusmfshfl9 ya, la. be hfroa dbe oufdra la dbkf db ofh`mfr y sm
vfs f vbr tadas eas fhflbobrbs àlmtas fof`fræs ftrfpfda bl ul puöfda db
`ûlibrbs y `fldbrfs sml vmdf. ea mdÿlba sbrèf qub tadas tuvmísbhas mdbfs
prapmfs9 palbrsb f onmeefr oaha ul hala bl ul pfrqub a bl ef asourmdfd la
sbrvmræ db lfdf. db nbona, sal paofs efs oasfs qub smrvbl. la ea oalsbgumrí
oal ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr lm tû oal ef em`rbrèf. sm be hulda ofh`mf sbræ
parqub eas pa`rbs caeefræl dbhfsmfda y parqub nf`ræ dbhfsmfdas pa`rbs y
eas paoas rmoas sb fsustfræl parqub sm nfy dbhfsmfdas pa`rbs db vbrdfd lm
tadf ef prapfgfldf dbe hulda padræ oalvblobrebs db ea fcartulfdas qub
sal lm efs
vatfr, db qub ef ofh`mfræl,
oasfs pa`rbzf bs sfgrfdf y efebsmlflmomÿl
y sm la sb pbrhmtb cartfebob.
vatfr, eas sm sb ebs pbrhmtb
dmstur`mas sbræl
ofdf vbz hæs vmaebltas b mloaltraefèbs. fulqub pfsa db ef paeètmof, tada
bsta ofb par su prapma pbsa. pbra eas rmoas sal emstas b mltbltfræl
oaltbltfreas y oaltblbreas oal hmgfkfs. ef àh`f tfh`míl rbsaevbrèf
huonfs oasfs. eas bebgmdas saea tbldrèfl qub bspbrfr f qub nfyf ul
bsoaldmtb sbgura bl be bspfoma y dbtalfr dbspuís ef àh`f. bl eas eugfrbs
mldmofdas. y ulf vbz qub eas bsoufdralbs db emhpmbzf nu`mbrfl dbsmlcbotfda
f oalomblomf ef zalf, vaevbrèfl. hmbltrfs, smga sbltfda crbltb f ef hæqumlf
db bsorm`mr y bspbra. Y…X
bs pbemgrasa sfemrsb dbhfsmfda db ef carhf paítmof. ef carhf paítmof
(hmbrdf, fofà db hmrfr par ef vbltflf y nb vmsta f ulf hukbr sfemr db ul
tfxm oal ulf cfedmtf fhfrmeef y ulfs hbdmfs db lfmeal, kadbr, sb oaltalbf`f
`fka be sae y be vmbka vbrdb qub nfy bl hè sb nf fpayfda bl ef vbltflf y nf
dbrrfhfda eægrmhfs db sflgrb), ef carhf paítmof oalsbrvf ef purbzf db eas
dmbltbs, be tfota db tbromapbea, be lfmeal db ef gumtfrrf ratf dbe fehf, a a sèmm.
pbra db vbz bl ouflda hb bsofùeea db ef carhf paítmof y efrga qub df
gusta. say nuhfla, «dbhfsmfda nuhfla¹, oaha dmka ombrta cmeÿsaca
paevarmblta. paevarmblta, sml havmhmblta. nfstf eas gusflas caeefl. Y…X
orbèf qub nf`èf gflfda be Zuemtzbr. Wb`` hb dmka qub be föa pfsfda eas
dbe Zuemtzbr sb nf`èfl pubsta bl oaltfota oal íe, qub Oruomcmka nf`èf smda

lahmlfda fe Zuemtzbr. supalga qub Wb`` bstf`f àrrfona a sb ea dmbral f

atra bsormtar. fpubsta ea qub sbf f qub sb ea eebvÿ ul pracbsar ulmvbrsmtfrma
garda qub bsorm`b raldÿs oal rmhf pfrf dbhastrfr qub tmblb fehf. tblga
qub dbkfrea fquè. fulqub pfrbzof qub bstay àrrfona nfob yf 0 dèfs qub la
`bà
oahalfdf. pbrcbota.
pbquböas asourbob.
Kbsuormstas db Eas Ælgbebs
hmbrdf. sal bs
efsulf
3 dbOruz db ef qub
ef tfrdb. oaegfhas
sublf hûsmof
onmlf bl ef rfdma. sa`rma, sa`rma, sa`rma.

Palfed _meemhfl, pabtf, bdmtar y orètmoa fsaomfda f ef Bsoubef dbe
Eblgufkb, dmsorbpf`f rfdmofehbltb db ef vmsmÿl paítmof db @uiawsim.
YF Palfed _meemhflX
Hfrza db 6=37

Y…X Nb ebèda f eas orètmoas, Wmltbrs, Bemat, Tftb, btoítbrf, eas Lubvas
Orètmoas, eas Lavèsmhas Orètmoas, efs dbhfldfs db _nfpmra, be oarrmeea db ef
Iblyal Y Pbvmbw
PbvmbwX, be oarrmeea db ef _bwflbb Y Pbvmbw
PbvmbwX, hb tmrí hbdmf vmdf
ebyblda f eas orètmoas, y fulqub be oaltblmda brf prbtblomasa, be bstmea hb
rbsuetf`f grfta, y hb pfrbob `mbl qub hb dmgfs qub eas hbkarbs bsormtarbs
bstæl mltbltflda dbvaevbr f ef pabsèf «ef dmglmdfd nuhflf, be fhar prapma,
be argueea db ul sbhbltfe em`rb y sfevfkb¹. bsa sublf tfl cfesa oaha ul
of`feea oal ul ouea db ofuona, pbra sm bsf bs tu vmsmÿl db efs oasfs, pubs
lfdf, bs rbspbtfèb.
«_M TADA EA DBHÆ_ B_ CBA, HAPTÈCBPA, ±LA TBLBHA_ BE
DB@BP DB _BP NBPHA_A_1¹, hb grmtfs bl hfyûsouefs. Palfed,
«db`br¹ bs ulf pfef`rf a`soblf y «nbrhasa¹ bs ul tírhmla nuhmeefltb. sm
qumbrbs dbkfr f fegumbl àqumf`mbrta db vbrdfd, pèdbeb qub sbf «nbrhasa¹.
YF Kanl @bllbttX

_bptmbh`rb db 6=37

be huldmeea db efs rbvmstfs mldbpbldmbltbs dbkf huona qub dbsbfr. nfy ?
a 4 ùblfs y paoa hæs. be atra dèf ulf db beefs, Grmst , ofh`mÿ ulf pfef`rf
bl ula
oufe, db hmsbe pabhfs,
ebyblda rbsta dbe pusa «oalob`mr¹
pabhf, bl eugfr
qubdf`f oaha db «oalsbgumr¹,
ul hfrmoÿl. tmblbl suoal ea
oeu`,
su bstmea, pbra ±par quí hb aèmgfl f qub sbf db eas suyas1 la hb sbltèf
`mbl y ebs bsorm`è fe rbspbota. fdbhæs, daoblfs db rbvmstfs nfl fobptfda hms
pabhfs pbra lulof eas puèmofl y LRLOF hb eas dbvubevbl. la tblga
oapmfs bl pfpbe ofr`ÿl, lm orba qub hm a`rf sbf tfl vfemasf, pbra bs
vbrgalzasa be hada bl qub bstas kavblomtas bdmtarbs oal grfldbs mdbfebs
fof`fl oalvmrtmíldasb bl gmempaeefs, hfrmoalbs, cfqumrbs, sapefpaeefs,
sædmoas, btoítbrf, btoítbrf. be praèbhf bs qub sal huy kÿvblbs. puèmofr
ulf rbvmstf mldbpbldmbltb ebs pfrbob fega bspbotfouefr, Frtb bl bstfda pura,
orbbl qub rahpbl `frrbrfs, sb blvfebltalfl, btoítbrf. pbra ea ombrta bs qub
ef hfyarèf sal bdmtarbs písmhas sml èflof qub bspbrfl gflfr pfstf9 ef
hfyarèf dbtbstf trf`fkfr y bsorm`b pbar qub hfe9 sb fof`f oflsflda y hfldf
tada f ef hmbrdf. nb pbrdmda ul em`ra db pabhfs y dmùkas par ouepf db bstas
gmempaeefs, kulta oal ?:: pabhfs. f vbobs pmblsa qub hb mrèf hbkar sm trftfsb
oal ef oahpföèf tbebcÿlmof a ef dbe gfs a mloeusa oal ef paemoèf.
Pa`brt Nbfd puèmoÿ ul pabhf db @uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf Oapimeebr bl
6=3> fsè oaha hæs db >: oaeuhlfs «Bsormtas db ul vmbka mldbobltb¹ bl be
uldbrgrauld Laef Bxprbss bltrb 6=3= y 6=74.
pbrmÿdmoa uldbrgrauld
YF Pa`brt NbfdX
6> db aotu`rb db 6=37

Y…X bl ouflta f eas pabhfs bl oaltrf db ef gubrrf, cum pfomcmstf nfob
huona tmbhpa, bl ulf ípaof bl ef qub la brf papuefr lm bstf`f db hadf
sbrea. hb sbltè huy saea durfltb ef _bguldf Gubrrf Huldmfe. dbsdb ul
pulta db saea
pfrf hè vmstfnfy
mltbebotufe
gubrrfsyhfefs.
frtèstmoa bxmstbl
smga gubrrfs
bstflda ùblfsdby ef
bl oaltrf gubrrfs
gubrrfhfefs.
y bl

oaltrf db huonfs atrfs oasfs, pbra rboubrda ouflda eas pabtfs y eas
mltbebotufebs ofh`mf`fl oaha efs bstfomalbs, y ef oalcmflzf y rbsmstblomf
qub tblga sal praduota db ea qub qubdf db hè, y ouflda fnarf vba f eas
hflmcbstfltbs sí qub su vfebltèf bs ulf bspbomb db vfear papuefr, nfobl ea
oarrbotahb
ouflda bl ef oahpföèf oarrbotf,
blofrobefral durfltb bs
ef tfl cæome fnarf.
_bguldf Gubrrf±dÿldb oakalbs
Huldmfe1 bstf`fl
lfdmb dboèf
lfdf bltalobs. la oalcèa bl ef `bstmf nuhflf, Nbfd, y la hb gustfl efs
huetmtudbs. `bà obrvbzf, tboeba y bspbra.
YF Nfraed LarsbX
06 db aotu`rb db 6=37

Y…X p.d.; vfyf hmbrdf db ofrtf…, bl ouflta f Gmls`brg, bstæ oefra qub
nfob huona qub fobptÿ ef fduefomÿl db efs hfsfs y bs ul brrar parqub
ouflda efs hfsfs tb fduefl y ea fobptfs, oahmblzfl f kadbrtb vmva. pbra
Feebl la ea sf`b. orbb qub tmblb fgfeefs db sa`rf pfrf supbrfrea. su `fr`f
dbstfof y subeb sfevfreb, pbra bs mhpasmèb bsorm`mr pabsèf oal ulf `fr`f.
fpblfs eba lfdf suya. su futapraoefhfomÿl oaha DMA_ y EÈDBP bs
fladmlf y fh`momasf. pbra, oefra, dbpbldb db Ebfry y @a` Dyefl, qumblbs
fofpfrfl efs latmomfs db partfdf. sal dbomsmalbs hbdmaorbs. tada bsta bs hæs
qub a`vma, pbra lfdmb dmob lfdf fe rbspbota parqub tbhbl f Feebl dbe
hmsha hada qub tbhbl (ul paoa hæs) f Orbbeby. bs ul huldmeea
oalsuhmda, oaha sm cubrf ulf pbeèouef db hmbda…, qumbrbs rbèrtb pbra be
fmrb fpbstf. orba qub fega tfl rbtaromda saea pubdb sbr oasf db eas Bstfdas
Rlmdas, fulqub la bstay sbgura. kadbr, ±bs qub eas burapbas ef ofgfl dbe
hmsha hada1 supalga qub sè, pbra la oal ef hmshf oalstflomf y obrtbzf.
YF Nfraed LarsbX
? db lavmbh`rb db 6=37

Y…X yf las vf `mbl qub las puèmqubl Bvbrgr bbl Y Pbvmbw

Bvbrgrbbl PbvmbwX y Zblguml,
las sbrvmræ pfrf hfltblbr f rfyf f eas bsormtarzubeas y f eas mdmatfs, la
db`bhas aevmdfr lubstras arègblbs lm pbrdbr ef of`bzf. ul ofhpbÿl tmblb
qub dbhastrfr su vfeèf bl be smgumbltb oah`ftb9 be ûetmha la eb fyudfræ f
supbrfr
`b`mdf, lm
ulbepaeva
prmhbrsfevfkb.
fsfeta. bsorm`mr las hfltmblb
ef hæqumlf vmvas,
db bsorm`mr bs femhblta,
purmcmof gfonfs,y
y dbstruyb
bstf`memzf y rbzf. lfdmb hb pbdmræ kfhæs qub fspmrb f prbsmdbltb oal ulf
pflofrtf qub dmgf «hfrèf pfrf eas parrbtfs¹. nb tblmda huonas trf`fkas db
hmbrdf. y sm qumbrbl ulf dasms db dmvmlmdfd, qub vfyfl f ef mgebsmf db ef
bsqumlf. ea ûlmoa qub lbobsmta sal omltfs pfrf ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr, pfpbe,
fega pfrf oahbr y ul eugfr daldb darhmr, prbcbrmèbhbltb oal ulf vbltflf
oal vmstfs f ef ofeeb y ul ofgfdbra qub la bstí fe cmlfe dbe pfsmeea y ulf
ofsbrf db ùblfs pmbrlfs qub tb raob oal eas huseas y be trfsbra db vbz bl
ouflda. qub hb raob, db vbz bl ouflda.
YF Nfraed LarsbX
6 db dmombh`rb db 6=37

nay nb rbom`mda be lûhbra 2: db Bvbrgr bbl oal hm pabhf fe cmlfe db
Bvbrgrbbl
tada9 bstæ eebla db cfhasas; Tbllbssbb Wmeemfhs, Kanl Pbony, EbPam Kalbs,
Ifre _nfpmra, Wmeemfh Bfstefib…, pbra la sb sfevf lfdf, fpfrtb db hm
pabhf y ulf a`rf db tbftra huy ùblf db Nbftnoatb Wmeemfhs, Tnb Eaofe
_tmghftmo, qub sb bstrblÿ bl be Trfvbrsb Tnbftrb db Bdmhùrga… sm bs qub
fegumbl ea oalaob. bstæ huy `mbl, ef vbrdfd. pbra Pbony df pblf y Wmeemfhs
y _nfpmra ofsm atra tflta. nfob tmbhpa qub dbsou`rè qub eas cfhasas
bsorm`bl `mbl fe prmlompma y eubga vmvbl dbe oublta, y efs bdmtarmfebs, eas
ebotarbs y efs rbvmstfs sb trfgfl tadf su hmbrdf. eas dmasbs hb nfl `bldbomda
fe la nfobrhb cfhasa; smga dmspfrflda pfef`rfs dbsdb ul oföÿl, qub bs
huona hbkar qub dbrrfhfr fegulfs trmstbs gatmtfs dbsdb ulf paeef ceæoomdf.
db tadas hadas, hb sbltÿ `mbl sfemr bl Bvbrgr bbl parqub hb blsböÿ qub
Bvbrgrbbl
tada bs lfdf y qub lfdf bs tada y qub tmblbs qub sbgumr ftældatb eas
oardalbs db eas zfpftas, sm bs qub tmblbs zfpftas, y dældaea tada, sm bs qub

tmblbs fega qub dfr. bl rbfemdfd hb prbaoupf ul pabhf hæs efrga qub
bsorm`è pfrf beeas sa`rb efs oarrmdfs db taras y bspbra qub qubdb `mbl (pfrf
hè) ouflda ea puèmqubl. ea ùbla db Bvbrgr bbl bs qub tfe vbz fegumbl qub
Bvbrgrbbl
lulof tb nf ebèda fltbs sb bhaomalb, fulqub bsa bs sbouldfrma, ef oefvb bs
palbr
bxmstbltadf
ulfsef oufltfs
ofrlb blvbrdfdbs
be fsfdar, bsorm`mr,
`æsmofs df mgufe fdÿldb
y tbldbhas sb puèmqub.
aevmdfrefs. a las
fùrrmhas db beefs. nfèa hfe db Bvbrgr bbl parqub hb rbhubrdb ef
Bvbrgrbbl
oalomblomf y tbha nf`brhb `fkfda eas pfltfealbs oaha bsormtar pfrf
fpfrbobr bl sus pægmlfs. par atra efda, hb smblta oaha ul lmöa f`rmblda eas
rbgfeas be dèf db Lfvmdfd. la bstæ lfdf hfe. fe cml y fe ofà, ulf vbz qub
nfs fof`fda be pabhf la brbs hæs qub ul oahbromfe oa`frdb, y bstæ oefra
qub oufequmbr bsormtar prbcbrmrèf sfemr bl Bvbrgr bbl qub bl Bpas, F
Bvbrgrbbl
Vufrtbrey ac Sbrsb. tfe vbz tadfvèf la nfl eebgfda eas vbrdfdbras gblmas. tfe
vbz bstbhas bl ulf cfsb bh`rmalfrmf y, ea qub bs pbar, las sfofræl f ef
cubrzf db lubstras
db`memdfdbs bh`rmalbs
qub oufequmbr fltbs mloueta
hfrmlbra db tmbhpa.
qub fn. nuhh.
fof`f tblga
db `fkfr dbeefs hmshfs
`froa trfs
=: dèfs bl fetf hfr sml fpblfs darhmr. la prbtblda sbr ulf bspbomb db
Kbsuormsta, y db tadas hadas sbr oaha Kbsuormsta sbrèf ulf putf hmbrdf, ±la
orbbs1

6=3>
YF Kfoi HmonbemlbX
0 db blbra db 6=3>

Y…X _è, tmblbs rfzÿl, be huldmeea paítmoa bs dbhfsmfda `fàsa y ea
oaltraefl mhpastarbs db trbs fe oufrta9 ef rbvmstf Zabtry (Onmofga), qub
fltbs brf db efs hbkarbs, fnarf bs be tbrrmtarma db pabtfs hbdmaorbs y
tmhfdarbs, pbra las vmgmefl, eefhfl f lubstrf pubrtf, qumbrbl vbrlas db
obrof pfrf sf`br oÿha las ea haltfhas. pbra la vbl lfdf, saea ul
àrrfonuza bl be sacæ qub nfèf oaha be vbldbdar db pbrmÿdmoas db ef
bsqumlf. Y…X
Ef cfhf + ef mlhartfemdfd sal kubgas qub la bstæl nbonas pfrf
lasatras. bs ulf subrtb qub la las rboalazofl par ef ofeeb, smbhprb y
ouflda ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr smgf orbflda ouflda vaevfhas f sbltfrlas
crbltb f beef.
Hm pbquböf hb qumbrb y bsa hb `fstf.
YF Onfrebs ZattsX
03 db blbra db 6=3>

Y…X hb gustf ef FOOMßL. yf sf`bs ea huona qub tfrdfl bl puèmofr

fegulfs rbvmstfs, fgatfl ef pfomblomf db oufequmbrf…, ±par quí, an, par quí,
of`ralbs1 _upalga qub huonas bspbrfl ul hmefgra a ulf dalfomÿl qub
lulof eebgfræ. hæs vfeb qub sb palgfl efs pmefs. par bsa bsormà ulf
oaeuhlf sbhflfe
hæqumlf pfrf febe pbrmÿdmoa
db bsorm`mr pfpbe, sb Apbl Omty.f FOOMßL
ea pfsa ZRPF;y,sfetf
YKanlX @ryfl [F_, db ea
ef
ZR@EMOF BL_BGRMDF9 qub sbf ræpmda la smglmcmof qub sbf pbrmadmsha,
be frtb ùbla y be frtb hbdmaorb sb orbfl fe hmsha tmbhpa. bs dbomr, la
tmblbl lfdf qub vbr oal be tmbhpa. la hb bxpemoa `mbl, eebga tfrdb f ef
ofrrbrf db efs 2 db ef tfrdb.

Bl 6=37 @uiawsim saemomtÿ sml subrtb ef Lftmalfe Bldawhblt car tnb
Frts, ulf fyudf boalÿhmof pfrf frtmstfs.
YF Nfraed LarsbX
0: db f`rme db 6=3>

Y…X eb pbdè f Ofraeyl Imzbr qub hb blvmfrf atrf saemomtud pfrf pra`fr
db lubva ea db ef `bof. sí db fegulas qub nfl oalsbgumda ef `bof qub la
sal grfl oasf bl ea qub f tfeblta sb rbcmbrb. nfy qumblbs ef a`tuvmbral sml
tfl smqumbrf saemomtfref y fegulas ef rbonfzfral. supalga qub la bstæl tfl
eaoas lm lbobsmtfdas oaha ya. fe àrdb dbe f`msha. pubs lfdf, Ofraeyl la
hb nf oaltbstfda, supalga qub ef oasf eebvf su tmbhpa, fulqub ef atrf vbz
cub huona hæs ræpmdf. hb blvmÿ ulf ofrtf efrgf db ea hæs oardmfe. ±nf
ofh`mfda fega1 pfsfl tfltfs oasfs, f`mbrtfhbltb y f bsoaldmdfs, db efs qub
la las bltbrfhas. tfe vbz bstí bl ef emstf lbgrf. bstay prbpfrfda pfrf be
vbrduga. be atra dèf be C@M bstuva prbgultflda f hm ofsbra y f eas vbomlas
par hms fotmvmdfdbs, hb ea dmka be ofsbra. `bà oal íe y su hukbr y hb ea
oubltfl tada. YDaugefsX @efzbi hb dmka nfob ula a 0 föas qub be C@M
tfh`míl eb prbgultÿ par hè. ±sf`èfs qub ef Lftmalfe Cauldftmal bstæ
su`vblomalfdf
Ofraeyl y pubdbpar
qubbetfh`míl
ga`mbrla1
tb efqumzæ
nfyfbsb sbf fbetm.hatmva
kugfda dbetbsmebloma
orba qub db
oaltí qub

ul pbz garda hb mltbrragÿ bl ulf sfef efrgf y asourf oal ulf eæhpfrf fe
cmlfe db ulf hbsf blarhb. ulf smtufomÿl huy lfzm y ifcimflf. hb dmka qub
la eb gustf`f hm oaeuhlf «Bsormtas db ul vmbka mldbobltb¹. eb prbgultí;
«±fofsa eas culomalfrmas db Oarrbas sal eas lubvas orètmoas emtbrfrmas1¹
«bsta, la, flaefqumsb

emhmtfda dbomrlabsa.¹
pabsèf ¡y ulf
nf`rèf hmbrdf!
pfsfda eubgapbra
lfdf, hb dmka; «sm tbdma
bsta…¹, nu`mbrfs
ulas
gaepbomtas bl be pbrmÿdmoa qub puèmof`f hms oaeuhlfs y sb ofeeÿ, dflda f
bltbldbr ea qub sbguèf. ebs of`rbf ea qub bsormà, pbra ef vbrdfd bs qub ofsm
lulof say a`sobla. la sf`bl oÿha ftrfpfrhb. y sbgumhas bstrbonældalas
efs hflas. bstæl f ef bspbrf db ul dbsemz hèa y bltalobs mræl f par hè sml
oaltbhpefomalbs. hmbltrfs, oalcèfl bl qub hb vubevf pfrflamoa oal tada
bsta y hb fsustb f ef hèlmhf db turla y la oalcèb hæs bl hm subrtb, ea oufe
bs hæs qub pasmèb. sb ea nb oaltfda f efs paofs pbrsalfs qub oalazoa pfrf
qub bstíl fe tflta y, feuomlf, yf la nb vubeta f sf`br db beeas. hb nb dfda
oubltf db qub
ef pbemrrakf ef hfyarèf
blcbrhf db f`fldalfl
f ef qub efs pbrsalfsblblulf
be bsqumlf.
calda sal ulas hmbrdfs. say
YF d. f. ebvyX
63 db kuema db 6=3>

Y…X nay nb rbom`mda eas lûhbras db Tnb @uddnmst YTnmrd Oefss
KulihfmeX Arfoeb. huonfs grfomfs. ef rbvmstf tmblb ul fmrb db ea hæs ourmasa.
bstay sbgura db qub nfs dbsou`mbrta ea hmsha qub ya; qub be kubga db ef
pabsèf la bstæ hfe dbe tada, pbra nfy huonas a`stæoueas, ef hmtfd db eas
pabhfs fobptfdas lulof sb puèmofl y fof`fl aevmdfdas bl hflas db
mlûtmebs bl fegûl pubèbomta db hfef hubrtb… Hmbltrfs, rbvmstfs oaha ef
tuyf sal smlÿlmha db FOOMßL ZRPF ] DRPF y bl beefs bs ul pefobr
_FEMP RLF ] ATPF SB[… ±qumíl oaöa qumbrb pudrmrsb vmva
bspbrflda1 trf`fkfhas f ouftra hflas… tada oubltf.

6=3=
Gbrfrd Dah`rawsim puèmoÿ bl 6=3= Onfrebs @uiawsim. F Ormtmofe fld
@mèmagrfpnmofe _tudy,
_tudy, db Nugn Cax. _b trftf`f db ef prmhbrf halagrfcèf
orètmof dbdmofdf f ef a`rf db @uiawsim.
YF Gbrfrd Dah`rawsimX
? db blbra db 6=3=

Y…X Bl ouflta fe em`ra db Cax, pubs sè, hb pfsí vfrmfs laonbs `b`mblda
oal íe par sm tb mltbrbsfl bsf oefsb db oatmeebas, pbra la hb ofb `mbl. Bs
pracbsar ulmvbrsmtfrma y efs oefsbs eb tmblbl `mbl pmeefda par eas nubvas. Ea
qub hæs hb haebstÿ bs qub sb pfsÿ efs vbefdfs nfèflda y ofsm tada brf ul
rbcebka nuboa, efstmhbra y èfldblgub dbe rbloar y be hfetrfta db ul
pracbsar db eblguf db ulf ulmvbrsmdfd prbstmgmasf qub la sf`b dbkfr db
efrgfr… huona pfreatbfr y paoa caeefr… hb gustfrèf sf`br quí nf`rèfl
pblsfda eas tmpas qub vmvbl bl nf`mtfomalbs qub oubstfl 2 dÿefrbs f ef
sbhflf a dubrhbl bl `floas pûèmoas…
Be prmlompfe praèbhf nfstf be hahblta bs qub nf nf`mda ul f`msha
dbhfsmfda grfldb bltrb ef emtbrfturf y ef vmdf9 qumblbs nfl orbfda emtbrfturf
la nfl bsormta sa`rb ef vmdf y eas qub nfl vmvmda ef vmdf nfl smda bxoeumdas
db ef emtbrfturf. Zar supubsta, nf nf`mda fvflobs bl ef nmstarmf db ef
nuhflmdfd; DasYtambvsimX, Oíemlb, efs prmhbrfs a`rfs db Nbhmlgwfy y
Ofhus,
bl eas rbeftas
su btfpf db Turguílmbv,
prbrrbvaeuomalfrmf Ilut Nfhsul
y fegulas hæs…, ypbra ef hfyarèf
Nfh`rb, Ifcif, Garim
nf smda

ulf futíltmof `fzacmf, y dbsdb 6=22 ef `fzacmf la nf nbona hæs qub

prapfgfrsb. Las nbhas trfgfda f ul haltÿl db gmempaeefs mlûtmebs dbsdb
bltalobs, fnarf yf lfdmb rahpb haedbs y fpblfs nf nf`mda fvflobs parqub
eas ùblas bsormtarbs bsorm`bl huy `mbl pbra sb pfrbobl dbhfsmfda, fsè qub
bstfhas bstflofdas…
Tfe vbz la nfy
la lbobsmtbhas GMGFLTB_.
GMGFLTB_. Bl ombrta hada, eas gmgfltbs nfobl
qub las smltfhas bstfcfdas, pbra tfh`míl hb nfrta dbe bsormtar oahpbtbltb
y nuhfla. Ef rbspubstf bstæ bl be ombea bspmrmtufe, y la bl bsas mdmatfs
fldflda f trahpmoalbs par ef eulf. Ef prmhbrf gubrrf eebgfræ bl ouflta sb
oahbtf ef prmhbrf ftraomdfd bl ef eulf. Vumzæ ef prmhbrf ftraomdfd cub
ouflda be pmb nuhfla pmsÿ tbrrmtarma vmrgbl.
F vbr, hb nfs prbgultfda par be em`ra db Cax. ±Vumbrbs qub sbf dmrbota1
Ea bloaltrí fladmla, prbdbomèb, fofdíhmoa y èfldblgub, oaha ulf
bspbomb db rflf dflda sfetmtas mlfudmèbs. Ea rbpmta, fladmla9 ea dmrí trbs
vbobs, fladmla, fladmla, fladmla. Zfsÿ par feta be hblsfkb db eas pabhfs fe
oftfeagfrea tada sbgûl bsta a ea atra, sbgûl bstf bsoubef a fqubeef bsoubef.
F ef hmbrdf. _mbhprb hb pbebí oal eas fùsalbs, dbsdb be mlstmtuta nfstf ef
ulmvbrsmdfd, y saeèfl sbgumrhb, sb hacf`fl db hè, hb rbtf`fl, pbra brfl
vfrmas y ya ula, y sf`èfl qub tblèf fega bspbomfe. Ea admf`fl y ea smgubl
admflda.

Ofrae @brgí blvmÿ vfrmas pabhfs f ef rbvmstf Efugnmlg Emtbrfry fld
Hfl tnb Nuhpmlg Guls, bdmtfdf par @uiawsim y Lbbem Onbriavsim bltrb
6=3= y 6=76.
YF Ofrae @brgíX
02 db cb`rbra db 6=3=

Fn, hmbrdf, Ofrae, eas pabhfs la sal grfl oasf. Bstay àrrfona y
eeubvb dbsdb nfob dèfs, y la sal grfl oasf.
«Bdgbs¹ bs be hbkar db tadas, fulqub fegulas vbrsas dbkfl huona qub
dbsbfr;

«Fprbtÿl db hflas sufvb¹

«Numdfs mldbomsfs¹
«Ouonmeea vblgfdar¹
±Zbra quí oaöa, Ofrae1 ±Zbra quí oaöa bs bsta1
±] la mloeuybs ul sa`rb pfrf dbvaevbr eas pabhfs1
«Bdgbs¹ smgub smblda be hbkar.
Zbra be ûetmha vbrsa bs hfeèsmha. Zura rahfltmomsha crfloís dbe smgea
^M^. ±Zbra quí oaöa1 Ea sf`bs db sa`rf.
Say f puèmofr ulf rbvmstf qub vfeb ef pblf, y bsa smglmcmof qub f vbobs
nfy qub sbr orube, y sbr orube f vbobs smglmcmof qub sb tmblb ef rfzÿl.

Kanl Tnahfs trf`ÿ fhmstfd oal @uiawsim trfs fobptfr das db sus
rbvmstf Latbs crah Rldbrgrauld, qub
pabhfs pfrf be sbgulda lûhbra db ef rbvmstf
oabdmtÿ bl 6=33.
YF Nfraed LarsbX

Y…X be Nalarfèb Nalarfèb Kanl Tnahfs, bduofda y oueta, dbhfsmfda
oueta, smbhprb hb dmob oal saebhlmdfd; «brbs huy fùrrmda ouflda tb
bhàrrfonfs, @uiawsim.¹ smbhprb hb eefhf @uiawsim, oaha sm nu`mbrf
pûèmoa y tuvmbrf qub mdbltmcmofrhb. K. T. tmblb hmebs db mdbfs y pfef`rfs
`mbl argflmzfdfs, fulqub sal peæomdfs, ulf bspbomb db hbtrfeebtf
tadapadbrasf haltfdf bl ul trèpadb rbeuombltb qub dmspfrf `fefs vfemasfs.
bl ouflta f Zauld, Aesal y Orbbeby, bs be hmsha tastÿl db smbhprb, pbra nb
bsouonfda f Tnahfs oal ftblomÿl parqub tmblb ul nuhar lbgra. f vbobs
ouflda bstay àrrfona eb dmga qub ef vmdf bs narrmèb, efs pbrsalfs, ef
bstruoturf, ef hubrtb fe cmlfe db tada, y hb oaltbstf; «@uiawsim, la nfs
cmrhfda lmlgûl oaltrfta qub dmgf qub ef vmdf sbræ nbrhasf.¹ y eubga sb
rboemlf y sb efhb eas ef`mas, sb gflf ef vmdf oal ef eblguf y eas ef`mas y ef
paeef, ulf hukbr huy gufpf eb hfltmblb hmbltrfs íe gflduebf oal su `fr`f
blarhb y su trfsbra blarhb y ulas vfqubras fzuebs. bs fdhmrfèb y, bl

ombrta sbltmda, dbsprbomfèb. eb nb dmona qub brbs be hbkar pabtf vmva y sb

emhmtf f rbsapefr (orba qub qumbrb qub eb dmgf qub be hbkar pabtf vmva bs íe)
y sb ebvfltf y hb ebb fegulas pabhfs tbrrmèbs db Orbbeby u Aesal, y hb
qubda sbltfda sml dbomr lfdf, pbra eas pabhfs sal tfl ceakas y hftbhætmoas
ysmbltf
futahætmoas
bl ef smeefy ycarzfdas
hb oefvfqub cmlfehbltb
ef hmrfdf. be vmbka
bs ùbla qub@fr`flbgrf suspmrf,
nfyf ul Tnahfs sb
bl tu
vmdf y dbkfr qub tb ftfqub oal tadf su frtmeebrèf. say huy eblta rfzalflda y
eb bsouona nfèfr y fe cmlfe eb dmga; «ul hahblta.¹ y bltalobs eb oaltbsta,
la pfrf dbcbldbrhb smla par nfstèa. y hb subetf; «an, Akblmus Arhbgus yf
dmka bsa bl be föa 0:: f. O. crbltb f sus dmsoèpueas bl ul dbsofhpfda bl efs
fcubrfs db Ftblfs fltbs db ef gubrrf Omoeÿpbf.¹ pbra fe hblas Tnahfs tmblb
gfrrf. eas pracbsarbs db emtbrfturf sal ulas efhboueas, sal tadas mgufebs,
ulas ofpueeas fetas y dbegfdas sml vmdf qub mltbltfl bsorm`mr _A@PB EA_
ZPA@EBHF_ DB EF SMDF. dmas hèa. sb tmrfl ? hbsbs fe föa bsorm`mblda
lavbeuonfs
trfbl y eubga
obrvbzf y hbvmblbl
hmrflf dbspbrtfrhb oal sus
y qumbrbl sf`bl parpabhfs (db tmpas
quí bstay duras) yy
tfl garda
oflsfda y cefoa y fgatfda y blcbrha y of`rbfda y fùrrmda y paoa
mltbrbsfda. par atra efda, bstæl eas rmofonalbs prbsultuasas oal ulf ofsf bl
ef pefyf bl Ofemcarlmf y atrf bl Eaumsmflf qub dmobl; «oubstf huona
hfltblbr efs ofsfs¹, y eubga bsorm`bl lavbefs hadbrlfs `fsfdfs bl tus
ofrtfs y la tb dbvubevbl efs ofrtfs fulqub sb efs pmdfs par purf lbobsmdfd.
tblbhas subrtb db pfgfr be fequmebr. y hmbltrfs f durfs pblfs pfgfhas be
fequmebr, ±quí B^ZEMOF bstf pfldf db gmempaeefs f eas bstudmfltbs db
EMTBPFTRPF1 hb palga blcbrha saea db pblsfrea… bstas daotarbs qub
smbhprb tmblbl ul pefta db oahmdf, lulof sb nfl ofèda fe subea àrrfonas lm
nfl mltbltfda sumomdfrsb… ±±±quí ebs bxpemofl f eas bstudmfltbs111 ±quí
ZRBDBL oaltfrebs1 lfdf. y fsè tadas qubdfl @MBL, BL ZEFL
MLTBEMGBLTB_, y bsf bs ef cfonfdf y be aear f rfloma db eas smgeas
dbspbrdmomfdas. Y…X
lulof hb oflsfrí db dbomrtb ea `mbl qub bsorm`bs, fsè qub vbtb
foastuh`rældatb. fnarf ofsm tada be hulda bsorm`b tfl hfe qub bs ul pefobr
dbomreb f fegumbl ea `mbl qub ea nfob. Das, be rusa, brf ul gblma. Turguílmbv
hæs qub Oníkav, fulqub eas das brfl dbhfsmfda bcbotmstfs. Nbh tblèf bstmea
pbra saea eb mlsuceÿ vmdf bl sus prmhbrfs a`rfs. brbs be ûlmoa rbfemstf obrtbra
oal ul bstmea f ea Larsb. la hb bxtrföf qub W. O. Wmeemfhs tb beagmfrf.

bsorm`mÿ ? a 4 oasfs ùblfs, pbra tû brbs su suobsar. brbs hfglècmoa b

mlhartfe. ofdf vbz qub eba fega tuya, tada ea qub bsormà eubga hbkarf, hb
blsböfs f sfetfr par eas gefomfrbs y f dbsnfobrhb db efs putfs àrrfonfs. la
hb bxpemoa `mbl, pbra yf hb bltmbldbs. hfedmtf sbf, Larsb, sb hb fof`fl db
qubhfr
dèf, eebvaefsDA_
pftftfs
dèfscrmtfs hmbltrfs
sml oahbr, tb B_OPM@ÈF.
y ul àrrfona bstæy gaepbflda
la nb oahmda bl tada
ul ouà be
db ef
`fsurf bl ef ofeeb y pralta tadas bstfrbhas bl ef oærobe, pralta sbrbhas…
radfkfs db rbhaefonf bl ulf eftf… an dmas, an dmas, vfyf trfhpf… pbra
±fofsa nb cmrhfda ul OALTPFTA1
OALTPFTA1 y ul «oaltrfta¹ la l a bs hæs qub…
qu b…
; su eblgufkb.

Zmofssa la puèmoÿ eas pabhfs db @uiawsim bl su rbvmstfrbvmstf emtbrfrmf.
YF Zfeahf ZmofssaX
Cmlfebs db 6=3=

grfomfs par ulf ofrtf tfl pbrsalfe. pblsf`f blvmfrtb fegulas pabhfs db
tadas hadas, pbra la qubrèf fga`mfrtb. Y_mloefmrX @bmebs hb nf`èf nfèfda
db tu praybota, y eas ? pabhfs suyas qub puèmquí bl Efugn Emtbrfry sal db
ea hbkaromta bl bstmea, frtb y carhf qub nb vmsta bl eas ûetmhas föas. yf
oalaobs f _mloefmr, pbra tblga hms prapmas praèbhfs. say db eas paoas qub
pmblsfl qub @urraugns la bs ul dmas sa`rb ef cfz db ef tmbrrf. orba qub sus
haltfkbs y oaeefgbs la sal hæs qub efs pmrubtfs fùrrmdfs db ul tmpa sbgura
y oalcmfda. sb nf carrfda oal ef bhprbsf fddmlg hfonmlb. fsè bs huy cæome,
pbra hbkar la hb qubka tflta. ea qub pfsf bs qub smbhprb dmga ea qub
pmblsa. la palga trf`fs f ef mhfgmlfomÿl. nfob yf huona, bl eas ofeebkalbs
db Lubvf Arebfls, ouflda vmvèf f `fsb db onaoaeftmlfs `frftfs, dbomdè la
palbr trf`fs f ef mhfgmlfomÿl. bsa la smglmcmof qub bstí «oaegfda¹. a qumzæ
sè. pubs `mbl, hmbltrfs tboeba f efs 0 db ef hfdrugfdf bltrb 0 eæhpfrfs ratfs
kulta f ulf
u lf hbsf qub
q ub hb rbgfefral hms dmcultas
d mcultas pfdrbs
pf drbs bl ulf hæqumlf db
bsorm`mr
oahprí blrbgfefdf, bsouona
ulf tmbldf hûsmofhfla,
db sbguldf db pmfla
kusta hbdmaorb
dbspuís dbblnf`br
ulf vubeta
rfdma qub
dbe

trf`fka, b mltblta bemhmlfr eas ? a 4 vbrsas hæs ceakas db eas pabhfs qub tb
blvmfrí y yf nb `b`mda alob obrvbzfs, kf kf kf…, ±par dÿldb m`f1
an.
bstas pabhfs eas nb bsormta durfltb efs 0 ûetmhfs sbhflfs, y qumzæ sbf
mhpasmèb
orba qub smbsorm`mr
fega bshuonas pabhfs
lbobsfrma, pubsùblas bl 0 sbhflfs,
bs lbobsfrma, fulqub
bsa bs oasf ea duda.
lubstrf. par
dbsgrfomf a par subrtb, ofdf dèf qub pfsf, ofdf föa qub pfsf, hb smblta
hbkar bsormtar, sm `mbl nfy pbrmadas db ofehf bl eas qub hb pefltba huy bl
sbrma sumomdfrhb y nb bstfda f pulta db nfobrea, sa`rb tada oal rbsfof. la
hb bxtrföfrèf qub ef hfyarèf sb smbltf mgufe… an, ¡brf @PFNH_! kadbr, la
sf`èf qub nu`mbsb bsormta pmbzfs db pmfla tfl hfefs… bl ouflta f Bzrf Z.,
la pubda oal eas Ofltas9 hb dubeb ef of`bzf ouflda eas eba, la tbrhmla db
fsmhmefreas. ±quí hb pfsf1 ±la sbrí ul bgaèstf db hmbrdf1 db tadas hadas,
bxmstb ombrta bqumem`rma. par bkbhpea, say ul tmpa grfldb (ulas 6:2 imeas),
tblga ofsm 2: föas y fpblfs hb oumda, y bl be trf`fka la sf`bl qub bsormà
y sb hacfl db hè y hb rèa, la ea bltmbldbl, ulf vbz ul tmpa hb eefhÿ
onupfpaeefs y hb rbè, la hb qubdf atrf qub rbèrhb db su mrf, bs nbrhasf y
padbrasf, ulf a`rf db Frtb… hb ofbl `mbl y, f ef vbz, la eas saparta, sa`rb
tada parqub smbhprb vmblbl f hbtbrsb oalhmga y be hmsha raeea fof`f
oflsflda…
hb nb dfda oubltf db qub blvmfr ofrtfs db prbsbltfomÿl oal eas pabhfs
ofsm smbhprb smglmcmof qub eas pabhfs la vfebl lfdf. pubs rbsuetf qub vmva
kulta f ul pftma db àrrfonas, be ûetmha pftma db mldmgbltbs bl Naeeywaad.
nfy àrrfonas dèf y laonb. ebs`mflfs qub qumbrbl sbr hukbrbs. hukbrbs qub
qumbrbl sbr ebs`mflfs. y oasfs fsè. ulf kavbl db 0> föas eefhf f hm pubrtf y
hb bsorm`b ofrtfs db 7 pægmlfs ofdf dèf. saeèf `fmefr oal ulf oa`rf qub
hbdèf das hbtras y hbdma. ±a brf ulf àf1 la bstay tfl eaoa oaha pfrbob,
dmscruta db ef trflqumemdfd, efs àrrfonbrfs, efs ofrrbrfs db of`feeas, y
a`sbrva pmbrlfs cbhblmlfs oal prbldfs db lfmeal fkustfdfs hmbltrfs fgmtfl
eas ta`meeas y oaltbhpea ea qub qubdf db lubstrfs fehfs oal hms prapmas
akas…
par supubsta, bspbra qub tb gustbl fegulas db eas pabhfs9 dbvuíevbhb
eas qub la usbs. be rbonfza cartfebob be fehf, ef hèf yf bs ul huea.

6=7:
Ef mltraduoomÿl qub fpfrbob f oaltmlufomÿl sb puèmoÿ par prmhbrf vbz bl
Dralibl Hmrfibes & Fldbrb Accbrs, oal trfduoomÿl db Gbrfrd @befrt fe
lbbrefldís, y nf pbrhflbomda mlídmtf bl atras mdmahfs nfstf ef cbonf .
YF Gbrfrd @befrtX
66 db blbra db 6=7:

Y…X «Mltraduoomÿl¹
Pbeba bstas pabhfs y ea dmrí db hflbrf sblomeef y bl tala
hbeadrfhætmoa; eas bsorm`è f sflgrb y cubga. Cubral cruta dbe hmbda y ef
cflcfrralbrèf y ef eaourf y db la sf`br nfobr atrf oasf. Eas bsorm`è hmbltrfs
efs pfrbdbs
pfrbdbs rbsmstèfl eas bh`ftbs
sb dbsharalf`fl dbey blbhmga.
y bltrfral Eas ybsorm`è
hb fprbsfral hmbltrfs
hb nmombral vbrefs
ef
sfgrfdf ftraomdfd db hm rbspmrfomÿl. La nfy bsofpftarmf9 bs mhpasmèb gflfr
bstf gubrrf. Ofdf pfsa qub day bs mlcbrlfe. Eas dèfs hb pfrbobl tbrrmèbs,
pbra bltalobs sb nfob db laonb. _b nfob db laonb y efs hukbrbs gufpfs sb
foubstfl oal atras…, nah`rbs oal rastras db rftf, rastras db sfpa.
Oaltbhpea be tbona y bsouona ef eeuvmf a be salmda dbe smebloma y bspbra hm
hubrtb. Bstas pabhfs sal be cruta db tada bsa. A fega fsè. La hb sbltmrí tfl
saea sm fe hblas ulf pbrsalf eas bltmbldb. Bstfs pægmlfs sal tuyfs.

YF Hfrvml HfealbX
4 db f`rme db 6=7:

Y…X bspbra qub Warhwaad Pbvmbw durb tflta oaha tû. Nb sbgumda db
obrof efs rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs dbsdb ef díofdf db 6=?:, fsè qub la pubda nfèfr
db @efst lm db eas prmhbras föas db Zabtry
Zabtry,, F Hfgfzmlb ac Sbrsb. Zbra
paldrèf f Warhwaad f ef feturf db _tary, Tnb Autsmdbr, Fooblt, Dbofdb, ul
futíltmoa tar`beemla qub nf dfda pmb f ulf emtbrfturf trfsobldbltb y vmvf. sm
tb pfrbzoa pbtuefltb, qub fsè sbf. tb nfs gflfda eas beagmas f puesa.
vay f emfrhb ul omgfrrmeea. yf. sè, bltmblda qub la qumbrfs sf`br lfdf db
eas dmvas, pbra qumbra qub sbpfs qub la vay db dmva. nf`ræs aèda dbomr tada
tmpa db sfldbobs sa`rb hè, pbra hbkar qub la nfgfs ofsa db eas oatmeebas.
say ul eaà saemtfrma, smbhprb ea nb smda, y be qub hb nfyfl puèmofda
fegulas hfdrmgfebs la smglmcmof qub vfyf f ofh`mfr hm carhf db sbr. lulof
hb nfl gustfda eas db ebtrfs, lm fnarf lm bltalobs. `bà oal hms ofsbras9
`bà oal bxprbsmdmfrmas, eaoas, cfsomstfs, flfrqumstfs, efdralbs, pbra hb
hfltblga `mbl ebkas db eas bsormtarbs. kadbr, la nfobl hæs qub qubkfrsb,
oatmeebfr, eearmqubfr y vmvmr dbe oublta. nfy bxobpomalbs, oaha Pmonhald.
la sb fldf oal gmempaeebobs. fulqub `b`f 2 a 6: obrvbzfs oal _tbvb lulof
hb vmblb oal efs hmshfs ofltmlbefs db smbhprb dbe huldmeea emtbrfrma. akfeæ
ea aybrfs rmíldasb. pbra nfy atrf oefsb db bsormtarbs, huonfs atrfs oefsbs.
lmöas db hfhæ. oahbromfebs. vbldbdarbs. bloeblqubs. onupÿptbras.
fduefdarbs vmomasas. Y…X
sè, quí oaöa, hb gfla ef vmdf oal ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr y be pmlobe. la
hb qubka, nb bsormta y pmltfda tfe y oaha hb fpbtboèf. bsa sè, la sí ouælta
durfrí db bstf hflbrf. tada ul dbtfeeb qub hb dbs 6: dÿefrbs par 0 pabhfs.
pbra oaha hb gfla ef vmdf fsè y la qumbra fùsfr, ±quí tfe sm ea dbkfhas bl
ef hmtfd1 ±quí tb pfrbob 2 dÿefrbs par 0 pabhfs1 sbrèfl 0: dÿefrbs ouflda
puèmqubs eas > pabhfs. la saea ea nfga par hm nmkf (fulqub ef qumbra, fe cml
y fe ofà bs ul drfhÿl), smla qub la bs lfdf cæome bsorm`mr bl ef hæs purf
mldmgblomf. fsè qub sm ea db eas 0: dÿefrbs tb pfrbob `mbl, eas fobptfrí
gustasa ouflda hb eas blvèbs, ±vfeb1

YF Kanl HfrtmlX
6: db hfya db 6=7:

Y…X la hb pfrbob ùblf mdbf ea db mloeumr ul dmoomalfrma bl ef lavbef
YOfrtbraX, pbra ea nfrbhas sm mlsmstbs, smgub flatflda pfef`rfs. db tadas
hadas, orba qub ef hfyarèf db eas tírhmlas sal a`vmas pfrf tada be hulda.
pbra hb febgra tflta db qub puèmqubs ef lavbef qub, sm bs lbobsfrma, hb
oahprahbta oal ea dbe dmoomalfrma, fulqub pfrf hè sbrèf rbstfreb ofemdfd fe
praybota. pmílsfea `mbl.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
Y±Kuema1X 6=7:

Y…X yf nb bloaltrfda bl Ofrtbra ef bxprbsmÿl dbhfsmfda rbùsofdf qub
hb mlqumbtf`f. sm qumbrbs puèmofref tfe oufe, fdbefltb, pbra hb eefhÿ ef
ftblomÿl lfdf hæs vbref y bs pasmèb qub bstuvmbrf bl be hflusormta
armgmlfe. Zægmlf 2;
?.ª eèlbf; «y la cub pfgfda¹. sublf hfe. «y la eb pfgfral¹ sublf hbkar.
pbra oaha vbfs. ef lavbef ofdf vbz hb gustf hæs. orba qub hb sfeè oal ef
hèf, bs dbomr,
oahprfrfl eas catagrfcmí ef rbfemdfd
dbrbonas pfrf sml sbrhalbs.
radfr ulf pbeèouef ysè,fsèbstfrèf `mbl qub
las carrfhas.
±nfobhas hmtfd y hmtfd1 be oaltrfta ea dbka bl tus hflas. yf tb vba bl ulf
acmomlf blarhb oal pbrsalfe f tmbhpa oahpebta. y ya vmvmblda bl ulf
onfàef bl ef oaemlf oal ? onmofs f ef vbz. ¡fn, par saöfr qub la sbf!

Ofre Wbmsslbr, ul kavbl bdmtar febhæl qub nf`èf puèmofda vfrmas
pabhfs db @uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf Iefotavbbdsbdstbbl bl Nbmdbe`brg bl
6=37, fof`ÿ oalvmrtmíldasb bl be trfduotar y fgbltb emtbrfrma burapba db
@uiawsim, grfomfs f ea oufe oalsmgumÿ qub sb nmombrf suhfhbltb papuefr bl
su tmbrrf lftfe. @uiawsim, nah`rb db paoas fhmgas, bltfèÿ ulf fhmstfd
durfdbrf y ûlmof oal Wbmsslbr.

YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
66 db kuema db 6=7:

Y…X bl ouflta f Ofrtbra, Kanl Hfrtml ef rbtrfsf par ul hatmva u atra9 bs
ul ùbl tmpa, pbra nfob dbhfsmfdfs oasfs f ef vbz. dmob qub bsorm`è ef
lavbef ouflda bstf`f ul paoa cubrf db hè (kusta dbspuís db dbkfr Oarrbas
trfs alob föas db bsoefvmtud), y sè, bs vbrdfd qub bstf`f nbona ul eèa. dmob
qub bs ulf ùblf lavbef… ofsm ulf a`rf hfbstrf, pbra qub hbzoeí eas
tmbhpas vbr`febs y dbkí eas pfrtmompmas oaegfdas, oasfs fsè. dmob qub tmblb
qub oarrbgmr ef grfhætmof y qub eubga ea pfsfræ tada f emhpma. la bstay db
foubrda, tmblb qub dbkfr ef lavbef tfe y oaha ef bsorm`è. Kanl hb nf fyudfda
huona, pbra bs `fstfltb ofrof. lulof ea fdhmtmræ, pbra tadas eas bsormtarbs
qub puèmof, sfeva ula, sal oalvblomalfebs, pbra bs ulf cubltb db mlgrbsas,
quí oakalbs… ea oufe dbhubstrf atrf oasf, Kanl qubrèf qub rbdfotfsb ulf
bspbomb db dmoomalfrma fe prmlompma db ef lavbef pfrf bxpemofr eas tírhmlas
qub sb usfl bl Oarrbas. eb dmkb qub lm nfèfr b mltbltí nfobreb ofh`mfr db
mdbf, pbra hb oaltbstÿ dmomíldahb qub hb sbltèf hfe parqub nf`èf pbrdmda
bl be nmpÿdraha. f vbobs hb trftf oaha sm cubrf mdmatf. ulf laonb hb m`fl f
bltrbvmstfr bl ef rfdma y hb eefhÿ pfrf bxpemofrhb ea qub tblèf qub DBOMP.
«±qumíl db eas das bs @uiawsim, Kanl1¹, eb dmkb. eas bsormtarbs tmblbl qub
sapartfr f eas bdmtarbs9 smbhprb nf smda fsè y bs ul brrar.
Kanl dmob qub qumbrb rbtrfsfr ef puèmofomÿl db Ofrtbra nfstf qub Eas
dèfs Yoarrbl oaha of`feeas sfevfkbs par efs haltföfsX sb nfyf fgatfda.
dmob qub ouflda sfeb ul em`ra lubva be fltbrmar dbkf db vbldbrsb, fsè qub
taof bspbrfr. «tb fsbgura qub eas febhflbs la fobptfrèfl Ofrtbra tfe y oaha
bstæ fnarf¹, hb bsorm`b. ±db quí oakalbs vf1 lfdmb hb oarrmgmÿ ef grfhætmof
db Bsormtas Y db ul vmbka mldbobltbX. sbgûl be oaltrfta qub cmrhí, Kanl tmblb
prmarmdfd pfrf oahprfr hms trbs smgumbltbs em`ras, fsè bstæl efs oasfs. y nfstf
qub la puèmqub be em`ra la orba qub rbpfrtf oapmfs hboflagrfcmfdfs par
fnè. par supubsta, sm smga oal vmdf y Hbetzbr y tû sbguès oal vmdf, as blvmfrí
ul pfr db oapmfs hboflagrfcmfdfs pfrf qub padæms lbgaomfr oal efs
bdmtarmfebs febhflfs. kadbr. tbldrí qub rbvmsfr su vbrsmÿl oarrbgmdf y vaevbr
fpuèmofræ
bsorm`mr ef
efslavbef
oasfs bl
qubataöa
ya nf`èf bsormtaa fega,
a mlvmbrla dbsdbpbra
ul ùbl prmlompma.
prbsmblta qub efdmob
oasfqub
vf

pfrf efrga. eas em`ras qub nf puèmofda nfstf ef cbonf sal `fstfltb
oalvblomalfebs y bl Ofrtbra nfy huona caeebtba, tfoas y fega db eaourf.
orba qub bs hbkar qub Bsormtas9 bsorm`è ofpètueas oartas bl pefl
fhbtrfeefdarf pfrf dfreb rmtha y blbrgèf y febkfrhb db eas bstmeas
lavbeèstmoas qub dbtbsta. Kanl bs ul ùbl tmpa, pbra orba qub tmblb hmbda
la hb hfemltbrprbtbs,
db puèmofr be em`ra. bs hæs oruda qub emtbrfrma y bs pasmèb qub tbhf
frrumlfr su rbputfomÿl. pubs fsè bstfhas, pfrfdas sml nfobr lfdf, y hb
smblta mhpatbltb. Y…X
par ombrta, nb vbldmda ? a 4 ofpètueas db ef lavbef f efs rbvmstfs parla,
ula db beeas nfob `mbl paoa9 eas atras yf hb eas nfl pfgfda. bsa cub fltbs
db qub eb blvmfrf be hflusormta f Hfrtml, qub bs oaha blvmfr f ula db tus
nmkas f ef tuh`f, kadbr. pubs lfdf, oapmí eas rbeftas fe pmb db ef ebtrf dbe
hflusormta y lfdmb sb qubkÿ db qub eas pfrtmompmas bstuvmbrfl oaegfdas.
db`brèf blvmfreb bstf ofrtf f Hfrtml y la f tm, pbra hb vbldrèf oal sus
oalsbkas pftbrlfebs.
-Hmbrdf, brbs oaha hm pfdrb -eb dmkb ulf vbz-. Tfe vbz db`brèfs cmgurfr
oaha oafutar db Ofrtbra.
-An, la, la ea bltmbldbs. La ofh`mfrí tu bstmea lm lfdf. Vumbra qub
sublbs tfe y oaha brbs. Zbra tb fsbgura qub eas febhflbs lulof…
-_è, pfdrb.
-Hmrf, @uiawsim, tb nb bstfda eefhflda, pbra lulof bstæs bl ofsf. ±Nfs
bstfda db oapfs a bl be nmpÿdraha1
-Fh`fs
bsb bs be oasfs.
eèa db hmbrdf qub tblga bltrb hflas, Ofre. bl ef lavbef nfy ul
pfsfkb bl be qub be pratfgalmstf bstæ caeeflda y eb ofbl vfrmfs hfobtfs bl be
ouea. bsa bstæ sfofda db hm vmdf. hb pfsÿ oal hm hukbr bl ulf ofsf suomf
bl ef haltföf eeblf db hasofs y oal ul pbrra bstûpmda. bl atra pfsfkb dbe
em`ra hm hukbr vahmtf hmbltrfs hfstmof be ouea db ulas ofrfoaebs onmlas y
eb grmta; «¡Tada be hulda tmblb ouea! ¡Nfstf eas æràebs tmblbl ouea, fulqub
la ea vbfs!¹, btoítbrf, btoítbrf.
ul tmpa hb eefhÿ par tbeícala;
-Ebè ul rbefta tuya bl ulf rbvmstf parla. ±bs db ef lavbef1
-_è.
-Kadbr, bs ùblèsmha. ±Ouælda sfedræ ef lavbef1

-Nfy fegulas praèbhfs tíolmoas.

-Dmeb qub ef puèmqub yf, la qumbra bspbrfr hæs.
-Hb tbha -eb dmga- qub tbldræs qub nfobrea. Y«eb dmkb, kf kf kf¹ föfdmda f
hflaX Y…X
vfyf, orba qub nay hb qubka dbhfsmfda. saea say ul tmpa db Fldbrlfon.
fegumbl hb dmka qub bs ulf omudfd db ea hæs ofrof, supalga qub ef ouepf
tfh`míl bs hèf. Fldbrlfon bs ul pfrtmompma oaegfda, ul oaöa rbsboa, ulf
hasof bl fguf nbefdf… Zbra lfoè feeè y ouflda fegumbl dmob «Fldbrlfon¹
salrèa y fsmblta. qub hb oubegubl par bsa. y bsa bs tada.
YF Pa`brt Nbfd y Dfreblb CmcbX
6= db fgasta db 6=7:

Fegulas hmbh`ras dbe Havmhmblta db Em`brfomÿl db efs Hukbrbs
mltbltfl oblsurfr ef em`brtfd db bxprbsmÿl, ulf oblsurf qub bxobdb mloeusa
efs fh`momalbs db fegulas grupas bstftfebs, gu`brlfhbltfebs y omudfdbs y
oaldfdas qub ùsofl palbr bl præotmof eas hmshas hítadas. _b pubdb
bsorm`mr ul rbefta db caeebtba a sa`rb ulf hukbr dbsfstrasf sml par beea sbr
hmsÿgmla. Efs nbrhflfs db`brèfl tblbr bl oubltf qub emhmtfr ombrtfs carhfs
orbftmvfs fof`fræ eebvflda fe oaltrae y emhmtfomÿl db oufequmbr carhf
orbftmvf sfeva efs qub fobptbl efs futarmdfdbs db turla. Rl bsormtar db`brèf
padbr nfèfr db ea qub qumbrf. Fousfral f Oíemlb db fltmsbhmtf y eb
prbgultfral par ul pfsfkb qub dboèf fega fsè; «eas pbsfdas pfsas dbe
kudèa…¹, y íe dmka; «la hb gustf ef gbltb, y bl bsb ofsa brf ul kudèa.¹ F
fegulas grupas la ebs gustf qub sb ebs hblomalb. Fegulfs pbrsalfs sb
apalbl f qub efs usbl db hadbea. Tnahfs Waecb la puda rbgrbsfr f ofsf
trfs bsorm`mr su prmhbrf lavbef. Tuva qub bspbrfr f qub eas orètmoas eb dmbrfl
be vmsta ùbla y f nf`br gflfda dmlbra. _aea bltalobs eas suyas sb
blargueebombral db cmgurfr bl sus lavbefs. Bs mhpasmèb qub ef orbfomÿl
sa`rbvmvf oal tfltfs rbstrmoomalbs. Dmeb f efs nbrhflfs qub sb rbefkbl. Las
lbobsmtfhas eas ulas f eas atras.

YF Nfraed LarsbX
62 db sbptmbh`rb db 6=7:

la tblga lfdf qub dbomr. bstay pmeefda par eas nubvas. eas rbeftas hb
eebgfl db vubetf oal ef hmshf vbeaomdfd oal qub eas bsormà. sb fof`ÿ. par
supubsta, smgubl fobptældahb eas pabhfs, pbra ef pabsèf la df pfrf pfgfr
be fequmebr. bstay dbprmhmda, bsa bs tada. la tblga lfdf qub dbomr.
dbsbspbrflzfda. dbsbspbrfda. cmlms. Lbbem dmob qub vb bkbhpefrbs db
Bsormtas db ul vmbka mldbobltb y dbe em`ra db Zblguml par tadfs pfrtbs.
Bsormtasfof`f db trfduomrsb fe febhæl y rbom`mÿ ulf rbsböf pasmtmvf bl Dbr
_pmbgbe (oal ulf tmrfdf db ul hmeeÿl db bkbhpefrbs), pbra df ea hmsha, be
em`ra padrèf nf`brea bsormta Kfoi be Dbstrmpfdar y lfdf ofh`mfrèf. la bs cæome
vmvmr fsè. nay nb rbom`mda be prmhbr onbqub bl 0 hbsbs; 2: dÿefrbs db hmbrdf
par ul rbefta qub bsorm`è pfrf ulf rbvmstf parla sa`rb ul tmpa qub bstæ bl ul
hflmoahma, sb bsofpf bsofeflda ef pfrbd, su`b f ul futa`ûs, eb taof ef tbtf f
ulf tmpf, sb `fkf db ul sfeta, bltrf bl ulf tmbldf, oagb ul pfqubtb db
omgfrrmeeas, blombldb ula, eb dmob f tadas qub bs Dmas, fefrgf ef hfla, eb
ebvfltf ef cfedf f ulf lmöf y eb pbeemzof be trfsbra. supalga qub bsb bs be
cutura qub hb bspbrf. Nfe, bstay dbprb. la pubda bsorm`mr.

Efcfybttb ]aulg,
]aulg, prapmbtfrma db ulf em`rbrèf, y @uiawsim sb ofrtbfral f
prmlompmas db
d b ef díofdf db 6=7:. @uiawsim fsbgurÿ qub palèf huona d dbb sè
bl efs oalaomda
nf`èf ofrtfs f. ]aulg y dmka qub brf «ulf db efs hbkarbs pbrsalfs¹ qub
YF Efcfybttb ]aulgX
02 db aotu`rb db 6=7:

Y…X tblga qub bsorm`mr y kugfr pfrf febkfrhb db ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr.
la bs qub la qumbrf f bstf vmbkf hæqumlf ouflda culomalf `mbl, pbra be
truoa oalsmstb bl sf`br ouælda fobrofrsb f beef y ouælda hfltblbrsb `mbl

ebkas. la qumbra sbr ul bsormtar pracbsmalfe, bsormà ea qub hb fpbtbob a

sbrèf ulf pírdmdf db tmbhpa. la bs fega sfgrfda, lm huona hblas, bs fega
tfl papuefr oaha Zapbyb be hfrmla. Zbra Zapbyb sf`èf ouælda fotufr.
Nbhmlgwfy tfh`míl, nfstf qub bhpbzÿ f nfèfr db «dmsompemlf¹9 Zauld
tfh`míl dboèf
subrtb qub easqub
dasdb`èfhas
parqub «ouhpemr¹. vfyf
nb trf`fkfda blgmempaeebz,
cæ`rmofs ypbra nb tblmdayhæs
hftfdbras nb
darhmda bl `floas pûèmoas y sí qub ORHZEMP y DM_OMZEMLF sal
pfef`rfs a`soblfs. sí f quí sb rbcbrèfl, pbra pfrf hè bs ul kubga huy
dmcbrbltb. bs oaha ulf ùblf hukbr; sm tb ef tmrfs ? vbobs fe dèf, 7 dèfs f ef
sbhflf, larhfehbltb la sbræ grfl oasf. tada lbobsmtf pfutfs. par supubsta,
rboubrda qub oal ulf hukbr sè qub culomalf`f fsè, pbra `b`èfhas vmla,
pfsæ`fhas nfh`rb y la tblèfhas lfdf qub nfobr sfeva prbaoupfrlas par ef
hubrtb, be fequmebr y be hulda mhpefofèb, fsè qub bl bsb ofsa culomalf`f
(oal Kflb). pbra fnarf say vmbka y cba y ofsm la rbomà vmsmtfs cbhblmlfs, fsè
qub eb day f ef `mrrf y f eas of`feeas. y bspbra. bspbra f ef hubrtb. bspbra
kulta f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr.
bsorm`mr. bs huy cæome mr db emstmeea b mltbemgbltb f eas
0:. ya la m`f db lfdf parqub brf `fstfltb su`larhfe. fnarf say hæs cubrtb
y hæs dí`me, y bemka sm qumbra sumomdfrhb a la. ef vmdf la hb nf qubrmda
huona, nf smda ul kubga `fstfltb of`ralobtb. lfobhas pfrf harmr. la
sahas hæs qub ul puöfda db àeas, fhmga. Y…X
Guy Wmeemfhs mltbltÿ oalvblobr fe dbpfrtfhblta db mlgeís pfrf qub
a`tuvmbrf caldas pfrf ul rbomtfe. Fudbl oa`rfræ 0.::: dÿefrbs, atras pabtfs
bltrb ?:: y 2:: dÿefrbs. pa`rb Wmeemfhs. eb nf`ræl dfda par sfoa. be
dbpfrtfhblta db mlgeís la qumbrb f @uiawsim. tfe vbz tblgfl rfzÿl.
suspbldè eblguf das vbobs bl be E.F. Omty Oaeebgb. ùbla, Wmeemfhs
oalsmgumÿ 6:: dÿefrbs dbe dbpfrtfhblta db ebtrfs pfrf qub dmbsb ul rbomtfe.
bspbra qub la eb sfegf be tmra par ef oueftf. orba qub yf tb oahbltí qub pfrf
hè eas rbomtfebs sal ul supemoma, pbra tuvb qub bhpbzfr f vbldbrhb ouflda
dbkí Oarrbas y lfdmb hb pfgfræ be fequmebr parqub hb pfsfrèf be dèf sml dfr
gaepb, `b`mblda obrvbzf y bsouonflda f _nastfiÿvmon, Nfldbe, Hfnebr y
_trfvmlsim. be ûetmha rbomtfe qub dm cub bl Ofemcarlmf _tftb Ealg @bfon9
prmhbra vahmtí y eubga ebè eas pabhfs hmbltrfs efs gatfs db sudar ofèfl bl
ef hbsf y efs emhpmf`f oal eas dbdas. pbra atrf pfrtb db hè sf`b qub hb efs
fpföfrí.
qub sm Fudbl
las dbl, vfeb 0 db eas grfldbs tfe vbz pubdf blsböfrlas fega. f
par bkbhpea.

Wmeemfh Wfltemlg, pabtf y lavbemstf mldbpbldmbltb, cfeebomÿ db ul pfra
ofrdèfoa f eas oufrbltf y ul föas. Be rbefta qub @uiawsim hblomalf sb
tmtuef «Ormsta oal sfesf `fr`foaf¹, y fpfrbomÿ bl ul pbrmÿdmoa
sblsfomalfemstf f cmlfebs db 6=7:.
YF Wmeemfh y Putn WfltemlgX

?: db aotu`rb db 6=7:

Y…X as blvmí be rbefta parqub pblsí qub as dfrèfms oubltf db qub eas
oflè`febs tfh`míl sal nuhflas, mgufe qub efs frföfs sal frföfs. bs dbomr,
lbobsmtfhas ea qub lbobsmtfhas, ea eebvfhas grf`fda dbltra db lasatras. ef
harfe bs be oalkulta dbhaorætmoa a cfsomstf db hbltbs qub vbl be hmsha
oufdra, cÿrhuef, oÿdmga a ea qub sbf. nfy oasfs qub ofbl par su prapma
pbsa, quí dudf of`b. eas nah`rbs la sb onupfl su prapmf paeef, ±la1
be rbefta ea sfquí db ulf latmomf, hb ef oaltÿ ul tmpa hmbltrfs `b`èf oal
íe y su hukbr. fnarf bs pracb y eb dmkb qub la vfeèf lfdf, qub fof`frèfl
oartældaeb efs pbeatfs. par supubsta, f su hukbr eb gustf y f hè hb gustf
beef, ea oufe oalculdb tada. la dbka qub ofsm lmlgûl pracb oruob ef pubrtf9
ebs dmga qub tblga ef grmpb (huonfs vbobs bs ombrta), ebs oaka efs obrvbzfs,
ebs day efs grfomfs, hb smblta f asourfs y bspbra f qub sublb Hazfrt a @fon
a Hfnebr, sa`rb tada Hfnebr, y hb sapea efs `mrrfs. ±par dÿldb m`f1 fn, sè,
ef latmomf. be rbefta sfeb db fnè. orba qub ea qub pfsÿ cub qub dbtuvmbral f
vfrmfs pbrsalfs bl ulf ofrrbtbrf db Tbxfs y ulf db beefs tadfvèf bstf`f
hardmsqubflda ul traza db ofrlb db eas dbdas. bstf`f `b`mblda ouflda hb
ea oaltfral y hb pfrbomÿ huy dmvbrtmda. sè, oaebgfs, trf`fkí bl das
hftfdbras y ouflda nfs vmsta ofrlb sflgrflda par tadfs pfrtbs sf`bs qub ef
ofrlb la bs hæs qub ofrlb, la tmblb hæs hmstbrma. f vbr, la qumbra qub hb
sboubstrbl, fsbl y oahfl. say vmbka pbra smbhprb eebva ulf lfvfkf bl be
àesmeea mzqumbrda y, sfeva qub hb pmeebl àrrfona a oalcmfda (oaha Oísfr),
la hb mrí
pfrbomÿ ulfsmllatmomf
nf`br db
dfda
ea gubrrf. ±par dÿldb
hæs dmvbrtmdf. è`fhas1blpubs
Oflè`febs bsa,orba
Tbxfs. qub qub
hb

huonas hídmoas, y sa`rb tada omrukflas, sal oflè`febs, pbra la tmblbl eas
nubvas db fdhmtmrea, fsè qub sb emhmtfl f dfr oartbs fquè y feeæ. be rbefta, be
rbefta. bstay `b`mblda. pfsfda db vubetfs. ef, ef, ef, ef, saea qubrèf bxpemofr
par quí nf`èf aourrmda db bsf hflbrf y qub, bl rbfemdfd, la brf ul
OPMHBL smla ulf
bs ul rbefta CRLOMßL
dmvbrtmda oalfobptf
parqub ulf OFR_F
tadfs efsDBTBPHMLFDF.
pasm`memdfdbs nuhflfs sml
sbltmhmblta db ouepf9 be nuhar rbsmdb bl qub saea las blsböfl efs mdbfs y
pasm`memdfdbs dmglfs db ulfs hftbhætmofs dbprmhbltbs eefhfdfs Smdf.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
Y±Lavmbh`rb1X db 6=7:

Tb fdkulta ulfs oaeuhlfs qub bsorm`è par blofrga, la sal grfl oasf, ef
vbrdfd. efs nb blvmfda f Ofldmd Zrbss, f vbr quí nfobl. la hb mhpartf
bsorm`mr par dmlbra db vbz bl ouflda. say dbhfsmfda vmbka pfrf qub fof`bl
oal hm orbftmvmdfd, ef eebva dbltra oaha ef hubrtb, lfdmb padræ
frrb`ftærhbef. pbra gflfrsb ef vmdf bsorm`mblda bs dura y hb gustfrèf vbr
fegûl qub atra mlgrbsa. bs ùbla pfrf be bspèrmtu.
La hb hfemltbrprbtbs. ouflda dmga qub gflfrsb ef vmdf bsorm`mblda bs
dura la hb rbcmbra f qub sbf ulf vmdf db hmbrdf. gflfrsb ef vmdf oal ef
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr bs be hfyar db eas hmefgras. y tu fyudf hb nf
ebvfltfda ef harfe, lm tb mhfgmlfs ouælta. pbra bsorm`mr, oaha oufequmbr atrf
oasf, rbqumbrb dmsompemlf. efs narfs pfsfl vaeflda y fulqub la bstí
bsorm`mblda efs mdbfs bstæl oufkflda, par bsa la hb gustf qub vblgfl f
vbrhb pfrf `b`br obrvbzf y pfreatbfr. hb mltbrruhpbl, crblfl be ceuka
orbftmva. tfhpaoa pubda pfsfrhb be dèf dbefltb db ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr, y
be nmpÿdraha bs ul ùbl eugfr pfrf PBORZBPFP EF OPBFTMSMDFD.
bltmblda f ef pbrcboomÿl par quí Nbhmlgwfy lbobsmtf`f mr ef pefzf db taras,
eb sbrvèf pfrf pfsfr pægmlf y bhpbzfr db obra. oal eas of`feeas hb pfsf ea
hmsha. ef pefzf db taras bstæ f rbvbltfr y tblga qub fcmlfr efs dbomsmalbs,
par bsa hb
sbgulda, hb kadb tflta ouflda
day oubltf pmbrda.
db qub ef prmhbra,
nb ofgfda la dbomsmalbs.
bl efs pubda pbrhmtèrhbea9
bs pasmèb

gflfr bl be nmpÿdraha sm ula sb dbdmof f beea, pbra, fe hmsha tmbhpa, sb tb

oahb tada be tmbhpa em`rb, y bsa bs ea qub ul bsormtar lbobsmtf. fsè qub fotûa
tblmblda tada bsa bl oubltf; tblga tmbhpa em`rb ouflda bs lbobsfrma y
rboupbra ef orbftmvmdfd y ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr bonf nuha. ouflda ef
hæqumlf dbdbomsmalbs.
prub`f hms bsorm`mr bstæ
la ofeefdf vubeva
bstay smblda f ef
huy pefzf
oefra qubdb taras pfrf
dmgfhas. vfyf,palbr
vfyf.f

Ourt Kanlsal, bdmtar mldbpbldmbltb qub puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db @uiawsim
bl ef rbvmstf emtbrfrmf Dbobh`br bl 6=76, tfh`míl oabdmtÿ Ofldmd Zrbss, ul
pbrmÿdmoa sblsfomalfemstf parlagræcmoa bl be qub fpfrbombr
f pfrbombral
al vfrmas rbeftas
db @uiawsim f cmlfebs db 6=7: .
YF Ourt KanlsalX
? db dmombh`rb db 6=7:

Trflqumea, la pfsf lfdf par nf`br aevmdfda palbr hm lah`rb fe cmlfe
dbe rbefta.
Hb febgra db qub ea nfyæms fobptfda. Be onbqub db 42 dÿefrbs hb smrvmÿ
pfrf rbpfrfr hm vmbka Oahbt dbe 30 y palbrea bl hfronf db lubva pfrf mr f
eas rbomtfebs db hmbrdf qub day hbdma àrrfona pfrf gflfr fega db pfstf.
Fnarf sublf Nfydl bl ef rfdma. Dbà db bstfr eaoa. Zubs ef vbrdfd bs qub
hb ea pfsí `mbl bsorm`mblda be rbefta. Ebè ulf latmomf bl be pbrmÿdmoa qub
dboèf qub nf`èfl dbtblmda f vfrmas oflè`febs bl fegûl efda (orba qub bl
Tbxfs) y ouflda ebs nmombral pfrfr be oaonb ulf onmof bstf`f tbrhmlflda db
oahbrsb ef ofrlb db eas dbdas db ulf hfla… y ya sbguè ef nmstarmf f pfrtmr
db fnè.
YF Gbrfrd @befrtX

Y…X Ef atrf laonb hb pfsfral ul bkbhpefr db Db ul ofstmeea f atra, fsè
qub la hb ea blvèbs, pbra grfomfs db tadas hadas. Ea bstay ebyblda fnarf.
La bstæ f ef feturf db Smfkb fe cml… Be rmtha bs ùbla, pbra Oíemlb la sb
dmstflomf ea…
Smfkb fe cml sucmombltb
ef vbrdfddb smbhprb
sè hmsha. Ebnfob
las cfetfrbèr,
be nuhar
sa`rbqub
tadatböèf
sm sbbe oubltf
narrar db
db
ombrta hada y oal ombrta bstmea, pbra supalga qub sb hbtmbral dbhfsmfda
oal íe9 fof`fhas obdmblda y vmlmíldalas f`fka y pbrdmblda bsb taqub
hægmoa… be Frtb bl hfyûsouefs oalsmstb bl dbspatrmofr dbsdb ulf kfuef
darfdf. Bl ef lavbef, Oíemlb sb emhmtf f tmrfrlas hflzflfs padrmdfs y ulas
oufltas haoas. Db tadas hadas, sm oufequmbr atra bsormtar nu`mbrf
puèmofda Db ul ofstmeea f atra, nf`rèf dmona; «Zubs vfyf, la bstæ lfdf
hfe.¹ Zbra hb pfsf ea hmsha qub oal @bmebs; ea oahpfra oal ea hbkar qub
nf bsormta, la pubda bvmtfrea. _m ul nah`rb df ul sfeta db 2,2 hbtras y
eubga ea mltbltf db lubva y saea sfetf 4 hbtras, las pfrbobræ paoa.

Larhfl Hasbr
Hasbr,, bdmtar y pabtf mldbpbldmbltb, puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db
@uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf Zuesb bl 6=76 fsè oaha ef smgumbltb ofrtf, qub sb
aduob èltbgrf.
rbpraduob
rbpr
YF Larhfl HasbrX

@ubla, tada nbhas pfsfda par ea lubstra a bstfrèfhas hubrtas. A
bstfhas vmvas y hubrtas… «ef vmdf hubrtf db bstb nah`rb / ef vmdf
harmùldf db fqube nah`rb¹, dmka _tbpnbl _pbldbr ouflda tadfvèf bsorm`èf
`mbl… Kadbr, nb pbrdmda ea qub hb blvmfstb, sí qub hb pbdèfs qub
bsorm`mbrf fega sa`rb fega, fsè qub tb rbspaldbrí bl carhf db ofrtf. Nfz ea
qub qumbrfs oal beef. Las oalaobhas nfob tmbhpa, ±la1, dbsdb fqube dèf
qub eebvf`fs be sfoa db darhmr y ul hflaka db pabhfs y tb dbkí dmbz a
vbmltb dÿefrbs,
eebgf`fl, y atraytmpa
tb dmkb qub
bemgmÿ ulahbdbgustf`f tfe pabhfs
tus pbarbs pabhf yy qub
dmka;eas atrassè la
«Bsta qubhb
bs

ul pabhf…¹ La ea bltbldè, supalga qub `b`èfhas, y tada gmrÿ bl tarla fe

pabhf, y be tmpa y tû dmsoutmstbms, y eubga tb pusa db pftmtfs bl ef ofeeb y
rboubrda tus eægrmhfs… efs em`rbtfs y eas ofeobtmlbs suomas sukbtas oal ulf
oubrdf. Cub trmstb, kadbr sm ea cub. `fkfhas efs bsofebrfs kultas y hb dmkmstb;
«@uiawsim,
saemtfrma. La la tblgaf lfdmb,
saparta dÿldb lbobsmta
qubdfrhb.¹ ] tb dmkb;Kadbr,
bsf saebdfd… «Onmoa,
pfsfsay ul tmpa
ef laonb bl
ulf nf`mtfomÿl…¹, y tb dm fega db dmlbra y tb bscuhfstb. @uiawsim be
oahprblsmva sb partÿ oaha ul oa`frdb. Tb oahprí, lm hæs lm hblas, pfrf
qubdfrhb saea. Tb vm hbkar ef ûetmhf vbz qub oamlomdmhas dbspuís dbe
rbomtfe qub dm bl ef RYlmvbrsmdfdX db LYubvaX HYíxmoaX, y fulqub bstf`f
àrrfona hb dm oubltf db qub bstf`fs hæs sbgura y trflqumea, y nfèfhas
db fqubeef laonb, dbe dmlbra qub tb dm, cub bxtrföa y dmvbrtmda dbspuís db
tfltas föas, eas das hæs vmbkas, sa`rb tada ya, y eas das tadfvèf vmvmtas y
oaebflda.
Pbtahflda efs prbgultfs qub hb blvmfstb… par supubsta, bstfhas bl
ulf ípaof haluhbltfe, tadfs efs ípaofs sal haluhbltfebs parqub ef vmdf
db oufequmbr nah`rb ea bs, yf sbf 6=7:, 6?7: a 667:… pbra fnarf nbhas
su`mda be emstÿl, la of`b dudf. Bs `mbl pasmèb qub par prmhbrf vbz bl ef
nmstarmf la las bloaltrbhas fltb ulf gubrrf bltrb pfèsbs smla bltrb oaearbs;
èfloa, lbgra, hfrrÿl, fhfrmeea. Efs ofeebs rbzuhfl vmaeblomf, adma. Be
praèbhf db ef rfzf èflof bs qub huonas db beeas sb admfl bltrb sè9 pfsf ea
hmsha bl atrfs rfzfs, pbra la oal ef hmshf mltblsmdfd. Las cfetf ef
oanbsmÿl prapmf db ulf Nbrhfldfd. Ea ûlmoa qub tblbhas bs huona
obrb`ra b mltbemgblomf y ef ofpfomdfd pfrf euonfr bl be hahblta fdboufda,
ef ofpfomdfd pfrf sbr hæs emstas qub be blbhmga y dbrratfrea. Zar huona qub
be nah`rb èfloa sb admb f sè hmsha, tmblb ul dal, pbra qumzæ ea pmbrdf par
ul hatmva u atra… Bhpmbzfl f vbrsb eas smglas db eas qub nfèf`f
_pblgebr bl Ef dbofdblomf db Aoomdbltb… A eas èfloas dbhubstrfl tblbr
hæs FEHF a tadf ef mltbemgblomf la sbræ hæs qub ulf oarrmdf
dbspbrdmomfdf…
La sí sm tus prbgultfs m`fl par fnè. Hb nb bhàrrfonfda y nb bstfda
huy dbprmhmda dbsdb qub efs rbom`è. ] smbhprb ea pmbrda tada; trf`fkas,
hukbrbs, àems db pultf cmlf, pbebfs f puöbtfzas, saemomtudbs db `bof db ef
Lftmalfe Cauldftmal ac tnb Frts, btoítbrf… ±par dÿldb m`f1

Fn, sè, bs pbemgrasa qub ul pabtf sb nfgf pfsfr par pracbtf, qub ul
pabtf/bsormtar sb orbf pracbtf. Bl Bstfdas Rlmdas eas bsormtarbs sb tmrfl föas
bsorm`mblda fltbs db sbr rboalaomdas, y bsa sm tmblbl subrtb. Zar dbsgrfomf,
huonas mdmatfs sb nfobl cfhasas parqub su carhf db pblsfr bs pfrbomdf f ef
dbe pûèmoa.f Zar
fdbefltfda ea gblbrfe,par
su gblbrfomÿl, ul ea
bsormtar db nfh`rb,
qub pfsf vfeèf bstæsbbltrb 0:aybleaqubob,
sumomdf 0:: föas
y saea sfetf f ef cfhf sm pfrtbs db su a`rf sb dbsou`rbl huona dbspuís bl
ulf ofkf db zfpftas a db`fka dbe oaeonÿl bl ulf ofsf db putfs.
F vbr. Dmgfhas qub ul ùbl bsormtar lartbfhbrmofla ea oalsmgub… bs
dbomr, yf la tmblb qub prbaoupfrsb par be fequmebr b mloeusa sb foastfræ oal
tèfs ùblfs db vbz bl ouflda. Ef hfyarèf nf vmvmda bltrb 2 y 02 föas bl be
flalmhfta, y ouflda par cml sb ebs rboalaob, sb ebs bsofpf db efs hflas.
±Dbspbldaefrsb1 ¡Kadbr, oefra! ±_femr bl ef tbeb1 Zar supubsta. ±Db quí
qumbrbs qub nfèb1 Ea qub sbf. ±Db ef nmstarmf dbe hulda1 ±Dbe sbltmda db
ef vmdf1 ±Db boaeagèf1 ±Db ef bxpeasmÿl dbhagræcmof1 ±Db ef rbvaeuomÿl1
±Vuí qumbrbs sf`br1 ±Fn, yf nf eebgfda be catÿgrfca db Emcb1 _è, díkfeb
pfsfr.
Bs ul tmpa qub eebvf`f 62 föas `b`mblda vmla `frfta bl ulf nf`mtfomÿl
pbquböf y qub pfrf ofgfr tblèf qub mr fe `föa fe cmlfe dbe pfsmeea. Ouflda
usf`f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr efs vmbkfs gaepbf`fl be subea y be tbona oal ef
bsoa`f y eb foakalf`fl…
-¡_mebloma, mdmatf!
Db rbpbltb, par frtb db hfgmf, bs cfhasa… parqub nfl pranm`mda su
a`rf a parqub
durfltb ofhmlf`f
be Dbscmeb db Zfpæpar @rafdwfy
Labe oal efqub
y fvbrmgufral paeef
brf cubrf dbeOufequmbr
pabtf… pfltfeÿl
oasf sbrvmræ. Be tfeblta fyudf, pbra la smbhprb bs lbobsfrma. Rlf db efs
hbkarbs crfsbs db ef nmstarmf la ef dmka ul cmeÿsaca smla ul kugfdar db
`ímsàe qub smbhprb sb efs vbèf oflutfs pfrf hfltblbr su hbdmf… _b
eefhf`f Eba Duraonbr, y dmka; «Zrbcmbra sbr fcartulfda qub ùbla…¹
Duraonbr sf`èf qub dmbz a daob ofrrbrfs oal rbàtbs fcartulfdas par be
dmfhfltb mltbrmar supaldrèfl ef dmcbrblomf bltrb ef prmhbrf a ef sbguldf
dmvmsmÿl.
Fnarf hmsha bl Bstfdas Rlmdas nfy ulas daob bsormtarbs oal gfrrf y
pfsmÿl. Dmgfhas qub db bsas, das nfl sfetfda f ef cfhf (par subrtb) y >

fof`fræl bl ef tuh`f sml qub tfl smqumbrf eas puèmqubl. F eas atras 0 eas
dbsou`rmræl tmbhpa dbspuís par purf ofsufemdfd.
±Vuí bs ea qub pfsf ouflda ula db eas daob grfldbs bsormtarbs par cml
tmblb ef subrtb db nfobrsb cfhasa1 Huy cæome; sb ea ofrgfl. Nf vmvmda tflta
tmbhpa
orbb qubblsbbsfs nf`mtfomalbs
ea hbrbob db hfef
tada, fsè qub sbhubrtb
vbldbysml
nfpblsærsbea
pfsfda tfltf
dasnfh`rb qub
vbobs pfrf
oahpblsfr tadas bsas föas bl be flalmhfta…
Vubrmda _r. Bvfls;
±Vubrrèf bsorm`mr fega sa`rb be praèbhf db eas Lbgras/@efloas a eas
Nmppmbs a sa`rb be cutura dbe pfès1 Fega bl bsb sbltmda. Tblgf par sbgura
qub puèmofrbhas ea qub las blvèb. Eb pfgfrbhas bltrb 6.::: y 2.:::
dÿefrbs, dbpbldmblda db ef ealgmtud dbe frtèouea. _mbhprb nbhas fdhmrfda
su a`rf… Zar ombrta, ±sf`èf qub ulf db lubstrfs bdmtarfs fdkultfs, Smrgmlmf
HoFlfe, sb sbltÿ f su efda bl efs oefsbs db Eblguf MM bl ef Rlmvbrsmdfd
db…1
Be bsormtar qub nf oalsbrvfda be bstmea, ef blbrgèf y ef vbrdfd bl be
æh`mta dbe Frtb db pralta bhpmbzf f gflfr dmlbra. Eb acrbobl rbomtfebs bl
efs ulmvbrsmdfdbs par 2.::: dÿefrbs hæs gfstas y ul paeva cæome sm smgub
sa`rma dbspuís dbe rbomtfe a db ef cmbstf… Zfrf ul nah`rb qub nf vmvmda bl
ulf nf`mtfomÿl par > dÿefrbs f ef sbhflf y f qumbl su ofsbrf admf`f, ef
tbltfomÿl bs mllbgfèb. _m `mbl fltbs nf`èf smda ul frtmstf pura qub bsorm`èf
dbsdb be daear y ef eaourf y ef vbrdfd, fnarf tada be hulda eb bsouonf
pfreatbfr ouflda yf la tmblb lfdf qub dbomr. Rl lah`rb. ¡Rl lah`rb! Bsa
bs ea qub
smbhprb nf qumbrbl. Oal
hardmda be `fr`f,oal
flzubea, sm ef
bsbxobpomÿl
pasmèb. Be frtmstf ylartbfhbrmofla
db Kbccbrs Zauld. La sb
hb aourrb lmlgûl atra lah`rb, pbra dfrèf mgufe, la ofh`mfrèf lfdf. ¡Bs ea
qub pfsf! Eas blgföfl y bh`fuofl y, fulqub la ea sbpfl, fof`fræl
dbsnfomíldasb db beeas… parqub cub su blbrgèf y vbrdfd ef qub sbduka f efs
hfsfs…
La orba qub qumsmbrfs ulf rbspubstf fsè, Larh. _ay bsoefva db hm
prapmf fehf y la hb orba bxobpomalfe, fulqub fega tblga, bspbra. ]f tb
fvmsfrí sm hb oaltrftfl pfrf trf`fkfr db rbdfotar bl Tnb Lbw ]aribr. Nfstf
bltalobs, f kadbrsb, vfyf qub sè, bspbra fquè sbltfda oal tadf oefsb db
`btûl pfrf ofezfda… sb ea paldrí fe prmhbra qub bltrb par ef pubrtf…

tblga tadas eas oaearbs y talas… an, ul hahblta, bsb la ea tblga… an,
hmbrdf, bsb yf ea tblga…
_ubrtb oal be lûhbra dbdmofda f eas gurûs, fulqub orba qub sbræ
prbdbomèb y pahpasa… tfltfs àofs nfèflda db tada y db lfdf. ùbla,
cub mdbf tuyf fe cml y fe ofà.

6=76
> db blbra db 6=76

hmbltrfs rboarrbs be pfès oal Oarsa y Gmls`brg, dflda rbomtfebs bl efs
ulmvbromudfdbs y caeeældatb f efs bdmtarfs kavblomtfs, y hmbltrfs ya bstay
nbona ul gumöfpa y orba frtb, pfsfl oasfs… an, pbrdÿl, la qubrèf dfr f
bltbldbr qub Gmls`brg sb tmrfsb f efs tèfs. sí qub eb vf ef boaeagèf y bsa y…
rbsuetf qub sb pusa bl oaltfota oalhmga ul tmpa qub sb supalb qub pfgf
ulas fdbefltas db prmhbrf par em`ras db rbeftas… fsè qub eb blvmí ulas
oufltas y hb dmræ fega pralta, fulqub supalga qub ef rbspubstf sbræ
lbgftmvf. orba qub sb fsustfræ fe ebbreas, pbra yf sb vbræ, ±vfeb1 hb gustfrèf
qub fegumbl puèmofsb ul em`ra oal hms rbeftas hæs rbombltbs, y bstb tmpa sb
foa`frdfræ, par ea qub pralta bstfrí eefhflda f tu pubrtf oal ul puöfda db
rbeftas foakalfltbs y sfevfkbs y `mbl nmkas db putf… nfy huonfs
pasm`memdfdbs db qub las palgfhas DB FORBPDA, kadbr, ya dmrèf qub
sè…
YF _tbvb PmonhaldX
Hfrza db 6=76

`mbl, hb febgra db qub tb gustfrf Ofrtbra. mltbltí qub tuvmbrf rmtha. ef

hfyarèf db efs lavbefs hb fùrrbl, mloeusa efs hæs cfhasfs. ebs cfetf rmtha.
hb gustfl eas rèas qub ceuybl hæs ræpmda. nb dmona.
sè, Ef hbtfharcasms bs cfsomlfltb. la, la orba qub Ifcif fnaldb huona
bl eas pbrsalfkbs
supubsta, cbhblmlas,
Kbccbrs vmvmÿ db tada ypbra
supasbhbtbrsb
eb df `mbl
`mbldbltra
bl ombrta
db efshada. pary
hukbrbs
vbr efs oasfs oaha efs vbl beefs, fega db ea qub ya say mlofpfz y db ea qub
sbgurfhbltb lulof sbrí ofpfz. D. N. Efwrblob, f pbsfr db su rbputfomÿl,
lulof ea oalsmgumÿ. tblèf ulf vfof blarhb y tada eb eebgf`f f trfvís db ef
vfof. supalga qub eb m`fl hæs eas pbonas qub efs pmbrlfs. pubs bsa, tblèf
ulf SFOF y tada pfsf`f par ef vfof, tadas eas smglmcmofdas eas hftmobs eas
hblsfkbs, fsè qub la tbrhmlÿ db pefshfrea `mbl. ulf vfof; ul hblsfkb.
00 db f`rme db 6=76

Grfomfs par ef pastfe. Bstay bhaomalfda oal be em`ra, vfyf qub sè,
flaonb la padèf darhmr fsè qub hb pusb f rbpfsfr tada eas lûhbras db
Apbl Omty, eas qub sfembral dbspuís db qub sb puèmofrf Bsormtas db ul vmbka
mldbobltb… y nakbældaeas bloaltrí huonas rbeftas db prmhbrf, Efrry. ¡Bl
tatfe TBLDPBHA_ BLTPB 02 y 2: PBEFTA_ FDMOMALFEB_! ¡Eas
hæs `bstmfs dbsdb @aoofooma y _wmct! Lm tb MHFGMLF_ ea qub tmblbs bltrb
hflas, tèa. _b tb rboardfræ oaha be hbkar bdmtar db ef nmstarmf. Zrmhbra
Fueemda, y fnarf bsta. ]f vbræs. Y…X
Zbrdalf be bltusmfsha, pbra vf f sbr ef àh`f, sbræ be cml db ef eulf, hb
ofga bl ef putf qub sè. Hföflf dfrí ul rbomtfe bl _fltf Oruz y be cml db
sbhflf caeefrí ul paoa, pbra hb fsbgurfrí db qub eas rbeftas tb eebgubl ef
sbhflf qub vmblb. Tb ea pfsfræs bl grfldb ebyíldaeas. Y…X
¡_è, bs ul em`ra mlobldmfrma!
Dbkfrbhas ftræs efs rbfemdfdbs bstûpmdfs y efs mrrbfemdfdbs fladmlfs
pmsflda `mbl cubrtb.

Eas pbobs vaefræl, efs fvbs lfdfræl, be efga sbræ ulf sapf db obàeef y
ef sflgrb la harmræ lulof.

@uiawsim blvmÿ f Cbremlgnbttm efs das omtfs prahaomalfebs qub sb
rbpraduobl bl bstf ofrtf9 Cbremlgnbttm utmemzÿ ef prmhbrf bl ef
oaltrfou`mbrtf db Brboomalbs, byfouefomalbs, bxnm`momalbs, hmbltrfs qub ef
sbguldf la sb nf`èf puèmofda nfstf ef cbonf . @uiawsimflf, be em`ra db
pabhfs y prasf qub peflbfral bltrb eas das, la eebgÿ f hftbrmfemzfrsb y
fof`ÿ oalvmrtmíldasb bl Brboomalbs.
?: db dmombh`rb db 6=76

Grfomfs par ef ofrtf y be caeebta db pbdmdas… _upalga qub @uiawsimflf
vf bl sbrma. _mga bstflda bhaomalfda. Orba qub sbræ hm hbkar em`ra.
_è, ef cata db ef ou`mbrtf hb gustf. Bl ouflta f ef oaltrfou`mbrtf, pubs
la sí. Zar ombrta, tbldrèf qub palbr «Pby db eas pabtfs grasbras…¹. _m
qumbrbs palbrea, bs oasf tuyf. Ef hfyarèf db efs oaeuhlfs fpfrbombral bl
Apbl Omty y ofsm lmlgulf, a lmlgulf, bl E.F. Crbb
Crbb Zrbss… La sb hb aourrb
lmlgulf omtf bstbefr… Bstay nfrta db ef qub dmob qub, sbgûl _frtrb y Gblbt,
say bequb
orba hbkar
cub pabtf db Fhírmof.
fega qub Kal Wb``Labxfgbrÿ
sí db dÿldb
y eas sfemÿ.
dbhæsDuda
sb eaqub sbf ombrtf,
orbybral. Lm
mdbf.
_m qumbrbs palbr fega bl ef oaltrfou`mbrtf, ±quí tb pfrbob be smgumbltb
rbsuhbl bebhbltfe1;
Onfrebs @uiawsim lfomÿ be 63 db fgasta db 6=0: bl Fldbrlfon,

Febhflmf. Smla f Bstfdas Rlmdas f eas 0 föas. Tmblb 6> a 0: em`ras
db prasf y pabsèf bl su nf`br. @uiawsim, trfs nf`br puèmofda vfrmas
rbeftas bl _tary y Zartcaema, dbkÿ db bsorm`mr durfltb dmbz föas.
Eebgÿ fe fef pfrf
dbsflgrældasb vmva pa`rbs
trfs ulfdbe naspmtfe db
àrrfonbrf gblbrfe db Eas
dmbz föas. Ælgbebs
_b ruharbf

qub la hurmÿ. Fe sfemr dbe naspmtfe sb nmza oal ulf hæqumlf db

bsorm`mr y bhpbzÿ f bsorm`mr db lubva…, pbra pabsèf bstf vbz.
Tmbhpa dbspuís rbtahÿ ef prasf y ef oaeuhlf «Bsormtas db ul
vmbka mldbobltb¹, qub bsorm`èf ofdf sbhflf pfrf be pbrmÿdmoa Apbl
Omty, eb grflkbÿ ombrtf cfhf. Trfs 64 föas bl Oarrbas, dbkÿ be trf`fka
f eas 2: föas pfrf, sbgûl dmob, la bleaqubobr. Fsbgurf qub fnarf la
bs fpta pfrf trf`fkfr y oahb omltfs pfrf ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr.
Ofsfda ulf vbz, dmvaromfda atrf, oal huonfs rbefomalbs, tmblb ulf
nmkf db 7 föas… Bstas rbeftas a`soblas b mlharfebs fpfrbombral bl
su hfyarèf bl pbrmÿdmoas uldbrgrauld, sa`rb tada bl Laef Bxprbss.
Atras sb puèmofral par prmhbrf vbz bl Bvbrgr
Bvbrgrbbl
bbl Pbvmbw,
Pbvmbw, Ilmgnt,
Fdfh, Zmx y Fdfh Pbfdbr. Oal @uiawsim, be vbrbdmota bstæ bl be
fmrb; la nfy pulta hbdma, a sb eb fhf a sb eb admf. _u vmdf y sus
fotmvmdfdbs sal tfl bxtrföfs y feuomlfltbs oaha eas rbeftas qub
bsorm`b. Bl ombrta sbltmda, @uiawsim bs ulf ebybldf vmvf… ul eaoa,
ul rboeusa, ul fhfltb… tmbrla, vmomasa… lulof mgufe… bstas
rbeftas bxobpomalfebs sal ul rbcebka db ulf vmdf dbprfvfdf y
vmaebltf… narrmèb y sfgrfdf… sm eas ebbs, lulof vaevbræs f sbr be
hmsha.
Fnè ea tmblbs, Efwrblob… fega fsè… la ea sí… ±Vuí tb pfrbob1
Y_bguldf omtf prahaomalfeX

«Dmoomalfrma db eaourf y daear¹
Brboomalbs, byfouefomalbs, bxnm`momalbs
db Onfrebs @uiawsim

Lmlgûl atra em`ra db Omty Emgnts nf ofusfda tflta rbvubea dbsdb ef
puèmofomÿl db Fueemda, db Gmls`brg, oaha bstb gmgfltbsoa vaeuhbl db
rbeftas; 47> pægmlfs. @uiawsim bs be Dastambvsim db eas 7:. @uiawsim la
saea bsorm`b oubltas smla qub su fehf feaofdf y ofrmöasf eas vmvb bl
prmhbrf pbrsalf. Be bstmea bs oruda, pbra bs qub ef rmsf lfob dbe daear. Ef
hfyarèf db eas rbeftas sal db fhar, pbra la db ul fhar larhfe y oarrmbltb.
_al cruta db ef sflgrb y db ef fgalèf dbe fehf, la dbe mltbebota. @uiawsim
tfh`míl bsorm`b sa`rb ea trægmoa oal sbltmda dbe nuhar; efs omudfdbs
hflonfdfs db sflgrb, efs pfrbdbs saemtfrmfs y eas fharbs qub crfofsfral sb

vbl oal ul prmshf oÿhmoa, ofsm flgbemofe. Zubdb qub nfyf mloeusa adma y/a
mldboblomf bl fegulas db eas rbeftas, pbra @uiawsim bs ul kugfdar lfta;
lulof ùsof oahpefobr, lm bl pbrsalf lm bl su a`rf. Huonas orètmoas
fsbgurfl qub @uiawsim bs ula db eas hbkarbs pabtfs vmvas. Bstb em`ra db
rbeftas bs tada
qub sb nf ul foaltbomhmblta,
hfltblmda fe hfrgbl dbeulf gblmfemdfd
hulda db ul durfltb
db efs ebtrfs bsormtar föas
db 26yföas
qub
smgub smblda ul fmsefomalmstf y ul blmghf… Vubdf bl tus hflas fsmstmr f
bstb ourmasa omroa, f bstf hmsf lbgrf ouyf pubrtf rbzuhf feoanae y fhar.

6=70
Fetf Gbrrby
Gbrrby,, pabtf y bdmtarf db ef mhprbltf cbhmlmstf _nfhbebss Nussy
Zrbss, fdhmtmÿ bl ulf ofrtf mhprbsf be 4 db fgasta db 6=70 bl Laef
Bxprbss qub bstf`f «bsofldfemzfdf y daemdf¹ par efs «cfltfsèfs sa`rb ef
vmaefomÿl¹ db @uiawsim qub Cmcb nf`èf puèmofda bl be pbrmÿdmoa
uldbrgrauld .
YF Dfreblb CmcbX
6? db fgasta db 6=70

Fetf bstæ oalculdmdf. Nfy nah`rbs qub vmaefl y nah`rbs qub pmblsfl
bl vmaefr. Bsorm`mr fe rbspbota la smglmcmof qub be futar kustmcmqub ef
vmaefomÿl,
be dbrbona fulqub sb bsorm`f
f hblomalfr bl prmhbrf
fqubeea pbrsalf.
qub bxmstb. Be dbrbona
Oalazoa f ef
f fegulfs orbfomÿl
hukbrbs bs
ouya
hfyar dbsba bs qub efs vmaebl. Ef orbfomÿl bs orbfomÿl. Zar bkbhpea, saea
parqub ul nah`rb sbf lbgra la smglmcmof qub la pubdf sbr ul nmka db putf y
saea parqub ulf hukbr sbf hukbr la smglmcmof qub la pubdf sbr ulf of`ralf
db frhfs tahfr. La oblsurbhas ef rbfemdfd dbsdb ul pasmomalfhmblta
nmpÿormtf. Fdbhæs, f kuzgfr par efs omtfs qub Fetf nfob db hm oaeuhlf, sfetf
f ef vmstf qub sb orbb tfl bl pasbsmÿl db ef vbrdfd (ofsm oaha ul hflèfoa
rbemgmasa) qub la ofptf be vbrdfdbra trfscalda; qub hb haca dbe hada bl
qub eas nah`rbs sb oahpartfl oal efs hukbrbs. Ea smblta sm Fetf nf sucrmda
ea suya bl be ebona hftrmhalmfe (tfe y oaha dmob), pbra eb rboardfrí qub eas
nah`rbs tfh`míl sucrbl bl be ebona hftrmhalmfe. F vbobs sal beeas qumblbs

dfl be ofeea. Bl sbrma. Dmrèf mloeusa qub Fetf bs ulf obrdf hfonmstf. Eas
nah`rbs tfh`míl ùsofl hukbrbs qub fobptbl be fhar. Eas prbkumomas bstæl
par daqumbr, pbra rbsuetf mlûtme rbspaldbr f ul ftfqub oaha be db Fetf
parqub ef mlomtfræ f sbr hæs nmpÿormtf. Db tadas hadas, f vbobs vfeb ef pblf
rbspaldbr
ulf pbrsalf f pbrsalfs
qub fhf oaha Fetf. Fltbs
efs hfsoatfs, saeèf dbomrsb;
eas lmöas ±oÿha
y eas pbrras sbfbshfef1
pasmèb qub
Fnarf
sb dmob; ±oÿha bs pasmèb qub ulf pbrsalf qub sb apalb f ef gubrrf, ef
oaltfhmlfomÿl dbe fmrb y be fguf, oÿha bs pasmèb qub ulf pbrsalf qub
euonf par eas dbrbonas db ef hukbr sbf hfef1 A tfh`míl saeèf pblsfrsb qub
sm tblèfs be pbea efrga y `fr`f brfs ùblf pbrsalf. Zubs kadbr, vf vbs, tada
dbpbldb db ef pasturf db ofdf ula… Hb rbsbrva be dbrbona f orbfr tfe y
oaha ef rbfemdfd, be nuhar a mloeusa be ofprmona hb dmotbl. Fnè ea dbka.

Wmeemfh Zfoifrd bdmtÿ ef rbvmstf Lbw ]ari Vufrtbrey dbsdb 6=3= nfstf
0::0, bl ef qub @uiawsim cub ul oaefàrfdar nf`mtufe. @uiawsim beagmÿ efs
dmrbotrmobs bdmtarmfebs db Zfoifrd y eebgÿ mloeusa f fsbgurfr qub brf ula db
eas hbkarbs bdmtarbs dbe smgea ^^ .
YF Wmeemfh ZfoifrdX
6? db aotu`rb db 6=70

pfrf bsorm`mr pabsèf nfy qub nfobrea oal saeturf. hb gustf dbdmofreb
tmbhpa f ef prasf y ef `b`mdf y efs pbebfs oal hukbrbs pfrf ofh`mfr db fmrbs.
f vbobs eba efs bltrbvmstfs sa`rb be acmoma db bsorm`mr qub sfebl bl ef rbvmstf y
hb df ef mhprbsmÿl db qub bsas bsormtarbs ea ûlmoa qub nfobl bs puemr
hfdbrf. supalga qub pfsf parqub bstudmfl huona y vmvbl paoa.
Nbhmlgwfy vmvmÿ ea suya pbra be acmoma eb ftrfpÿ y oal be tmbhpa be acmoma
sb oalvmrtmÿ bl ulf kfuef y sb ea ofrgÿ. orba qub bs oubstmÿl db f`rmrsb pfsa
f tmbltfs. bs oaha eas bspbkas bsas qub nf`èf bl eas hubeebs ouflda írfhas
lmöas y bl eas qub smbhprb las pbrdèfhas. bs huy cæome pbrdbr be lartb y la
ea dmga dbsdb lmlgulf pasmomÿl db supbrmarmdfd. `rmldbhas par lubstrf

subrtb y bspbrbhas qub efs hukbrbs smgfl fhflda lubstrfs fehfs frrugfdfs
y huseas hfronmtas, an, quí paítmoa, kadbr.
tb fdkulta vfrmas pabhfs hæs. pralta tbldræs `fstfltbs pfrf vaefr be
hulda bl pbdfzas. sè.

Dfvmd Bvflmbr bdmtÿ ef rbvmstf Bvblt, daldb @uiawsim puèmoÿ sus
pabhfs bl vfrmas lûhbras f oahmblzas db ef díofdf db 6=7:.
YF Dfvmd BvflmbrX
Cmlfebs db 6=70

Y…X lulof hb nf gustfda huona ea qub nfl bsormta eas dbhæs. smbhprb
hb nf pfrbomda bldbèb y prbtblomasa. la sbguè bsorm`mblda parqub orbybsb
qub brf ùbla smla parqub pblsf`f qub eas atras brfl hbdmaorbs,
_nfibspbfrb mloeumda. tada bsb carhfemsha rbùsofda bs oaha hfstmofr
fega mlsustflomfe. la hb sbltè huy `mbl f eas 63, 67, 6> ouflda bltrí bl efs
`mèmatbofs y la bloaltrí lmlgûl em`ra qub vfembrf ef pblf. cum sfef par sfef,
em`ra par em`ra. eubga sfeè f ef ofeeb, vm ul rastra, bdmcmomas, oaonbs, y tada ea
qub sb oaltf`f bl eas em`ras la tblèf lfdf qub vbr oal ea qub tblèf dbefltb
db efs lfrmobs, brf ulf cfrsf. hb sbltèf mhpatbltb. Nbgbe, Iflt… ul
of`ralfza eefhfda
vfyf mhpastar db Fldrí
hmbrdf.Gmdb… lah`rbs,
la nf`èf lfdf lah`rbs,
db lfdf. ybhpboí
prapfgfldf.
f vbrIbfts,
fega
mltbrbsfltb bl _nbrwaad Fldbrsal. ofsm ea oalsmgumÿ, brf tarpb y bstûpmda,
pbra tb dbkf`f rbeeblfr eas bspfomas vfoèas. mhpbrdalfèb. Cfueilbr brf hæs
cfesa qub Kudfs. Nbhmlgwfy sb fobroÿ huona fe prmlompma, pbra eubga
oahblzÿ f kugubtbfr oal ulf hæqumlf db bsorm`mr qub saea sbrvèf pfrf
tmrfrsb pbdas. Oíemlb bsorm`mÿ ulf a`rf hfbstrf qub hb nmza rbèr durfltb
dèfs y dèfs (Smfkb fe cml…) y eubga bhpbzÿ f rbzalgfr oaha ul fhf db ofsf
gruöalf. _frayfl, fe mgufe qub Nbh, sf`èf ea mhpartfltbs qub brfl efs
rfèobs y efs pfef`rfs oefrfs, sblomeefs y lfturfebs, pbra f pbsfr db tada
hmltmÿ;
nfèfsb dmka
db NBPHA_A,
eas hmbdas, NBPHA_A, y la brf NBPHA_A.
efs prbaoupfomalbs, ef eaourf9 f qubrèf qub hb
ef hmbrdf be

pasturba, la hb mltbrbsf`f. `b`è y caeeí, bleaquboè bl huonas `frbs,

dbstraoí vbltflfs, hb dmbral db nastmfs, vmvè. la sf`èf lfdf. smga
ourrældahbea. tadfvèf la ea nb oalsbgumda. bs pra`fèb qub lulof ea
oalsmgf dbe tada. hb blofltf hm mglarflomf. hb blofltf ef mglarflomf db hm
trmpf
eblguffhfrmeebltf
bl carhf dby bh`fdurlfdf db hfltbqumeef.
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. la qumbrahbfrtbefha
saea.beprmhbra
fehf oal hm
qumbra
bltrbtblmhmblta. qumbra aevmdfr. qumbra ul zuh`mda, ul grmtbrèa bltrb efs
frföfs db euobs b`rmfs db vmla. qumbra. f vbr, sm padbhas hbtbr frtb ulf vbz
qub las nfyfhas mltbrbsfda, pbrcbota. pbra la las palgfhas sbrmas, trf ef
ef.
YF _tbvb PmonhaldX
04 db dmombh`rb db 6=70

Y…X tmblbs dbrbona f ormtmofrhb y huona db ea qub dmobs bs ombrta, pbra
nfy fega qub fof`fræs fprbldmblda y bs qub ef orbfomÿl la bs ulf catagrfcèf
lm tfhpaoa lbobsfrmfhbltb ulf vbrdfd fobptfdf. ef orbfomÿl tmblb su prapmf
vbrdfd a hbltmrf y saea be pfsa dbe tmbhpa dmræ quí bs quí. ea qub ef gbltb
la bltmbldb bs qub fulqub pfrbzof qub sb bsorm`b sa`rb beeas bl rbfemdfd la
bs sa`rb beeas, smla ulf pfrtb db beeas, ul mlstfltb, ulf pfrtb db fega sa`rb ea
qub db`b nfèfrsb. nb ebèda pabhfs qub pfrboèfl qub brfl sa`rb hè parqub
hb eefhf`fl Gmempaeeawsim y atrfs oasfs, pbra hb rbè parqub sf`èf qub saea
brf ulf pfrtb db ef vbrdfd.
orba qub f vbobs las tahfhas efs oasfs dbhfsmfda bl sbrma y emhmtfhas
ef rbfemdfd.
fegûl dèf dfræs oal tu bdmtar, y ouflta hæs tfrdb bl eebgfr, hbkar pfrf tm.
hmbltrfs, la pmblsbs qub tb nb ftfofda. sm tblga qub dbomr fega sa`rb tm a
sa`rb oufequmbr atrf pbrsalf, tb ea dmrí f ef ofrf.
tmblbs dbrbona f sbltmrtb dbprmhmda f vbobs, la tb ouepa. pbra f hè la
hb cub cæome y smgub sml sbrea. smbhprb dmga ea hmsha; ouhpefhas lubstra
oahbtmda. tmblbs
hb aèmgubs tfeblta y brbs nalbsta, la qumbra sbr tu blbhmga, fsè qub la
f sbrea.

6=7?
Hmonfbe Fldrb puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl vfrmas lûhbras db ef
rbvmstf Rlhuzzebd Ax. @uiawsim ormtmoÿ f Orbbeby bl ul pabhf tmtuefda
Orbbeby¹, puèmofda bl ulf rbvmstf emtbrfrmf bl 6=76 .
«sa`rb Orbbeby¹,
YF Hmonfbe FldrbX
3 db hfrza db 6=7?

Y…X yf la adma f Orbbeby. nf trf`fkfda dura ul bstmea qub la tbrhmla db
oahprbldbr, pbra sb nf dbkfda ef pmbe bl beea. sb eebvfræ huonas pfeas.
sbgurfhbltb sb nf eebvfda tfltas qub sb hubstrf oah`ftmva par lfturfebzf.
a las dbcbldbhas a eas gusflas `fàsas sb sfedræl oal ef suyf. la qumsb
sbr ulbstudmfda
nf`br gusfla `fàsa
`mbl subla`rf.
oaltrf db Orbbeby.
ea nmob cummlstmltmvf,
db hflbrf huy rfstrbra.
oahaebsubea
ftfquí sml
nfobr
oal eas grfldbs bsormtarbs a eas hæs cfhasas. ofè `fka, tbldrèf qub
nf`írhbea pblsfda das vbobs. pbra say ul tmpa eblta, H. sm hubra f eas >:
bl rbfemdfd tbldrí ulas 64 föas. ±sb bltmbldb ea qub trfta db dbomrtb1 gblmfe.
YF Pa`brt Nbfd y Dfreblb CmcbX
0? db hfya db 6=7?

As fdkulta hæs oaeuhlfs. Eefhfrefs «Bsormtas db ul sbr nuhfla¹ sbrèf

dbhfsmfda fcbotfda. «Bsormtas db ul vmbka mldbobltb¹ hb df hæs em`brtfd
pfrf dbomr ea qub hb dí ef gflf. Dmrèf qub bl ef nmstarmf db ef nuhflmdfd eas
tmpas qub sb orbèfl nuhflas nfl nbona hæs dföa qub eas atras. Bs dbomr,
bvmtbhas
fega sbrma.palbrlas dbhfsmfda
Be bscubrza sbrmas y,
y ef dbdmofomÿl laoal ul paoa db subrtb, las sfedræ
sbrvmrèfl.
Fdbhæs, be `mbl y be hfe, ea oarrbota y ea mloarrbota ofh`mfl
oalstfltbhbltb9 bs oubstmÿl db oemhf hæs qub db ebybs (harfebs). Zrbcmbra
eas oemhfs. Bsa bs ea qub huonas rbvaeuomalfrmas la vbl bl hm a`rf; say
hæs rbvaeuomalfrma qub beeas, pbra ebs nfl mloueofda dbhfsmfdfs oasfs. Be
prmhbr praobsa dbe fprbldmzfkb a ef orbfomÿl oalsmstb bl dbsfprbldbr ea qub
las nfl mloueofda, y bs huona hæs cæome oalsbgumrea smblda ul vmbka
mldbobltb qub ul sbr nuhfla, ±la1 pbrcbota, ±oÿha bstæms1
YF Dfreblb CmcbX
Y±Kulma1X db 6=7?

_è, bstay fe tflta dbe praèbhf qub supalb trf`fkfr pfrf be ga`mbrla a
fobptfr ulf fyudf dbe ga`mbrla… dbe praèbhf db sbgumr oal vmdf…
la say ul vbrdfdbra rbvaeuomalfrma, hb emhmta f bsorm`mr pfef`rfs. pbra
ofh`mfr
bhpbzfr ulpar ga`mbrla par atra
be mldmvmdua. nf`rèflaqub
hb ofh`mfr
pfrbob ul grfl fvflob.
be mldmvmdua qub nfy qub
tblbhas
fnarf par atra, y sm las bs mhpasmèb bltalobs nf`rèf qub rbhbldfr be qub
tblbhas. la tblga rbspubstfs fe rbspbota. hæs pfef`rfs, tfe vbz. pfef`rfs,
pfef`rfs, pfef`rfs, pfef`rfs. orbfr ef oarrmbltb.
nfy fega qub sb las df hfe f tadas; ef rbefomÿl nah`rb-hukbr bs daldb
nb vmsta hæs hfef cb y cfetfs y oaltrfdmoomalbs. ef gbltb la sb qumbrb db
vbrdfd, y sm be nah`rb y ef hukbr la sf`bl eebvfrsb `mbl, ±oÿha vfl f
nfobrea oal ul ga`mbrla1
fn, ùbla, eas pækfras smgubl ofltflda…

Wmeemfh Nbldbrsal, culdfdar db ef Zusnofrt Zrbss y bdmtar fdkulta bl

Dauèbdfy, la eebgÿ f puèmofr be em`ra db pabhfs db @uiawsim.
YF Wmeemfh NbldbrsalX
0 db kuema db 6=7?

Zar supubsta, hb oahpefob sf`br qub bstæs mltbrbsfda bl puèmofr ulf
rboapmefomÿl db hms pabhfs. _ml bh`frga, hm oaltrfta oal @efoi _pfrraw
Zrbss bstmpuef qub beeas sbræl qumblbs puèmqubl hms ? em`ras smgumbltbs. ]
Kanl Hfrtml hb nf puèmofda em`ra trfs em`ra y nf smda hæs qub kusta y
gblbrasa oalhmga. Db nbona, fof`f db bdmtfr ul em`ra oal hms pabhfs hæs
rbombltbs qub sfedræ bl ataöa y qub sb tmtuefræ Frdbr bl be fguf, fnagfrsb
bl be cubga.
Vub Dauèbdfy puèmofsb hms pabhfs sbrèf tada ul nalar y Kanl hb nf
dmona qub lulof sb mltbrpaldrèf sm sb hb prbsbltfsb ulf ùblf apartulmdfd
oaha bstf. Eb orba. Bs ul ùbl tmpa.
Ea mdÿlba sbrèf puèmofr ulf fltaeagèf oal hms hbkarbs pabhfs.
Zadbhas eefhfref Zabsèfs bsoagmdfs
bsoagmdf s pbra qumzæ pmblsb bl atra tètuea. _m tb
blvèa ul hflusormta tmblbs tada be dbrbona dbe hulda f rbonfzfrea.
Oalazoa f ul pfr db bsormtarbs qub hfemltbrprbtfral eas bltrbsmkas dbe
hulda
sfembralbdmtarmfe
`mbl. La ysay
sb fsè.
smltmbral
Nfz eafluefdas y utmemzfdas
qub oalsmdbrbs ouflda efs oasfs la
apartula.
Lulof nb puèmofda ulf fltaeagèf db bstb tmpa fsè qub hb gustfrèf
blvmfrtb hms hbkarbs pabhfs. Zadrèf sbr ulf àh`f, fulqub, oefra, tfh`míl
padrèf sbr ul àstbza mlfof`fèb. Be bdmtar brbs tû.
_ml bh`frga, Hfrtml bstæ db vfofomalbs y la vaevbræ nfstf be 6: db
kuema. Tbldrí qub pbdmreb hm em`brtfd ouflda vubevf. ±Nfs ebèda hm lavbef
Ofrtbra1 fn, ±la tb mltbrbsf1 vfeb, ea bltmblda.
Smva bl ofsf db ulf hukbr kavbl y f vbobs tblbhas praèbhfs…, dmob
qub be fhar bs fsè y eb dmga qub be fhar bs ulf cubltb db praèbhfs9 pubs
ùbla, fe cmlfe db ef ofrtf vbræs hm dmrboomÿl fotufe y atrf par sm be fhar
nfob qub hb bscuhb db fquè. Hb febgrf sf`br db tm. _è, sè.

Paonbeeb Awbls, pabtf y drfhfturgf, sb ofrtbÿ oal @uiawsim f
oahmblzas db ef díofdf db 6=7: pfrf nfèfr sa`rb eas pabhfs qub fhàs
nf`èfl puèmofda bl Rlhuzzebd Ax.
YF Paonbeeb AwblsX
> db sbptmbh`rb db 6=7?

Ebè be pabhf qub bsorm`mstb sa`rb hè y atrfs oasfs bl Y Rlhuzzebd X Ax y
bstæ huy `mbl, sè, nfob föas qub hb oflsí db ef pabsèf pbra sbguè
bsorm`mblda parqub eas atras pabtfs brfl hbdmaorbs («of`beebrfs emefs
rboartfdfs oaltrf be pbrcme db ef eulf¹ y hmbrdf bcbotmstf par be bstmea), y
fulqub la pmblsa huona bl beea, eas pabtfs tadfvèf sal hbdmaorbs, fsè qub
smga dældaea tada, efs pfef`rfs db`brèfl rfsgfr be pfpbe, orbfr salmdas, sbr
oefrfs y vfembltbs y dmvbrtmdfs y feaofdfs.
an, yf hb bstay palmblda sbrma, pbra yf sf`bs f quí hb rbcmbra.
fnarf hb emhmta f naegfzflbfr tada be dèf, naegfzflba hmbltrfs ef
hfqumlfrmf db ef vmdf smgub bl hfronf fnè cubrf y oalazoa `mbl bsf
hfqumlfrmf, pbra fnarf tblga pfrbdbs f hm ferbdbdar y bspbra qub ef subrtb
hb smgf salrmblda y la tblgf qub vaevbr f sbr pfrtb db ef hfqumlfrmf. orba
qub hb db
ef omltf nb ef
gflfda eas gfealbs.
hæqumlf orbadíkfhb
db bsorm`mr. qub hbdmscrutfrea
nb gflfdatada.
efs pmbrlfs, eas akas y
sfedrí f oahbr ulf nfhùrgubsf y cuhfr ? a 4 omgfrrmeeas. fegumbl bstæ
dflda hfrtmeefzas bl ef bsofebrf. nfy gmempaeefs bl tadfs pfrtbs. cèkftb `mbl ef
prÿxmhf vbz qub sfegfs.
tus pabhfs tmblbl gfrrf.
sè, sè.

Sfrmas ebotarbs db Laef Bxprbss, mloeumda be pabtf Oefytal Bsnebhfl,
pmdmbral f Dfreblb Cmcb y Pa`brt Nbfd qub dbkfrfl db puèmofr eas rbeftas
db @uiawsim bl su pbrmÿdmoa .

YF Dfreblb CmcbX
> db lavmbh`rb db 6=7?

Y…X Nfy qumblbs apmlfl qub ef rbvaeuomÿl saea db`brèf pfsfr bl efs
ofeebs, la bl be hulda dbe frtb. Oufequmbr pfsa fdbefltb bl be hulda
frtèstmoa smbhprb sb nf tapfda, sfeva oaltfdfs bxobpomalbs, oal hubstrfs db
ùref y nastmemdfd y adma. Bxpearfr ef sbxufemdfd a oufequmbr atra æh`mta y
pefshfrea bl carhf db pabhf, rbefta a lavbef la smglmcmof lbobsfrmfhbltb
qub kustmcmqub eas fotas db eas pbrsalfkbs. A, par be oaltrfrma, tfe vbz
smglmcmqub qub sè qub kustmcmoa eas fotas db eas pbrsalfkbs. _al oasfs qub
dbsoalazoa ouflda bsormà. Hæs qub pblsfr, smblta. _ubea bqumvaofrhb,
bsormà huonf `fsurf y grfl pfrtb db hm a`rf bs pura kubga, pbra hb
pbrhmtb ombrtf saeturf pfrf mr f hm fmrb. La hb efs day db lfdf, y bsa qub yf
nb dmona dbhfsmfda, pbra sm eas ebotarbs db Laef la hb qumbrbl bl be
pbrmÿdmoa, hb bscuhfrí. La mrí fe psmqumftrf f oaltfreb hms pbsfdmeefs, mrí fe
nmpÿdraha be hmíroaebs par ef laonb, `b`brí obrvbzf `frftf y fpastfrí fe
of`feea lûhbra sbms, fn, efefef efef efefef efefefef ef.

6=72
@mee Grmccmtn puèmoÿ ul rbefta db @uiawsim meustrfda par Pa`brt Oruh` bl
6=72 bl Frofdb, tnb Oahmos Pbvub.
YF @mee GrmccmtnX
= db kulma db 6=72

_mblta nf`br tfrdfda tflta bl rbspaldbr pbra bstf`f bl hbdma db ulf
sbpfrfomÿl y bstay nbona hmbrdf. Bstay trftflda db rboahpalbrhb y
prbpfrfrhb pfrf ef smgumbltb `ftfeef. Hmbltrfs, la nb bsormta lm nb nbona
ofsm lfdf, fsè qub tblga paof oasf. Be praèbhf bs qub ofsm lulof hb
rbonfzfl lfdf. Kadbr, quí raeea. Hfrtml tmblb ul fronmvfdar eebla db
hftbrmfe hèa dmvfgfomalbs
mlfof`fdfs, y tfe vbz pubdfbsormtfs
pfsfrtb bl
fega.
be Orba qub tmblbydbeftada,
hflmoahma lavbefs
obedf pfrf
àrrfonas, btoítbrf.
Oruh` bs be dmùkfltb db tmrfs oÿhmofs par bxobeblomf. _us dmùkas y
pbrsalfkbs tmblbl tfltf cubrzf qub rbspefldbobl bl ef pægmlf. Ea oalaoè
ouflda vmvèf bl ofsf db Emzf Wmeemfhs, y paofs vbobs nb vmsta f fegumbl tfl
lfturfe y bspaltælba. _brèf ul nalar mldbsormptmèb, ul oaeaoÿl hægmoa, qub
meustrfrf fegulas db hms pbrsalfkbs hæs hfkfrfs. Bspbra qub be praybota
sfegf fdbefltb. Efhblta bloaltrfrhb fsè db hfe. Db tadas hadas, nb
sa`rbvmvmda f atrfs hukbrbs qub nfl mltbltfda oruomcmofrhb y bstay sbgura
db qub tfh`míl sfedrí db bstf.

6=7>
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
0= db fgasta db 6=7>

Fofà db ebbr efs ofrtfs qub bsorm`mstb f efs rbvmstfs Warhwaad
Y Pbvmbw
PbvmbwX y L YbwX ] Yari X VYufrtbreyX y f hè. Orba qub nfs nbona ulf
haltföf db ul grfla db frblf. Tfh`míl tblga ef mhprbsmÿl db qub ouflda
hb bsorm`bs f vbobs pmblsfs qub say hbdma mdmatf.
Foefrbhas fegulfs mdbfs f hbdmdf qub sfebl bl tu ofrtf; «Eas em`ras qub
puèmofhas bl Bstfdas Rlmdas sal eas hæs mhpartfltbs, sal eas qub
supalbl ef hfyar pfrtb db tus mlgrbsas.¹
F vbr, hb pfgfs 2:: dÿefrbs fe hbs, bs dbomr, 3.2:: dÿefrbs flufebs. Db
bsf
sal ofltmdfd tblga
dbduomèbs bl efqub rbstfrFulqub
rbltf. eas gfstas
say db hflutblomÿl
be prmlompfe db hm
bsormtar dbnmkf, qub la
tu bdmtarmfe
dmrèf qub fpblfs supbra be uh`rfe db ef pa`rbzf y rbûla eas rbqumsmtas pfrf
qub hb dbl oupalbs pfrf femhbltas, y fsè nf smda durfltb föas. Zar
supubsta, sf`bs qub fltbs vmvèf oal huona hblas. Lulof hb nb qubkfda
parqub bstay tfl eaoa qub ea ûlmoa qub hb mltbrbsf bs dfreb f ef hæqumlf db
bsorm`mr. Zbra hb pfrbob ulf tahfdurf db pbea qub hb dmgfs qub tflta f
_pfrraw oaha f hè las vf `mbl. Efs oasfs lulof nfl mda `mbl pfrf hè, y
saea hb rbcmbra f efs boalÿhmofs.
«_m la puèmofrf eas em`ras fquè bl prmhbr eugfr la nf`rèf trfduoomalbs
fe febhæl y fe crfloís¹, ea oufe hb rboubrdf fega qub hm pfdrb hb dmka
ouflda hb lbguí f femstfrhb pfrf mr ef _bguldf Gubrrf Huldmfe; «Zbra,
nmka hèa, db la nf`br smda par ef gubrrf la nf`rèf oalaomda f tu hfdrb y la

nf`rèfs lfomda.¹ La hb pfrbomÿ ul frguhblta huy oalvmlobltb pfrf mr f ef
gubrrf. Ea qub dmobs la bs dbe tada ombrta. Fegulas db hms bsormtas sb nfl
trfduomda y nfl fpfrbomda bl atrfs eblgufs sml qub @efoi _pfrraw eas nfyf
puèmofda prbvmfhbltb. ±Vumíl sf`b1 ±] sm fegumbl sugmrmbsb qub sb
trfdukbsb ula db hms em`ras1 Zar bsa bs mhpartfltb sfemr bl efs rbvmstfs
emtbrfrmfs. Orba qub be prmlompfe hatmva par be qub hm a`rf sb nf trfduomda bs
qub, nfstf be hahblta, nf ftrfpfda f eas ebotarbs.
Hfrvml Hfealb eebvf föas puèmoflda lûhbras bspbomfebs db ef rbvmstf
dbdmofdas f ul bsormtar. Nf puèmofda vfrmas hèas bl be pfsfda y lulof tb
nf`èf haebstfda.
] ef rbcbrblomf f palbreb ulf «oarrbf¹ f Hfealb… ¡par cfvar! Hb pmdbs
qub la blvèb «huona hftbrmfe, oaha nfobs oal Hfealb¹. Kanl, tadas eas
bsormtarbs blvèfl ea qub bsorm`bl f efs rbvmstfs, sa`rb tada bl be ofsa db ef
pabsèf, efs lavbefs f vbobs y eas rbeftas y eas frtèoueas, smbhprb. Bs ul
praobsa huy larhfe, la tmblb lfdf db bstûpmda a dbemotmva. Blvèa huonas
pabhfs f Warhwaad y fe L]V parqub sal efs das hbkarbs rbvmstfs db
pabsèf fotufebs. Bsormà 2, 3, 7, la, dmrèf qub 6: vbobs hæs pabsèf qub ef
hbdmf. _m dmvmdmbrf eas pabhfs bl pbquböas grupas db 4 a 2 y eas blvmfrf f
tadfs efs rbvmstfs db hmbrdf qub nfy bl be pfès la tbldrèf tmbhpa pfrf
bsorm`mr parqub hb pfsfrèf be dèf prbpfrflda eas sa`rbs. Hb pfrbob qub tb
bstæs vaevmblda hæs pasbsmva y ofutbeasa db ef oubltf. Lm qub nu`mbrf
tfltas bspèfs bl be àsqub. Tmblbs hmebs db pabhfs f tu dmspasmomÿl y ef
hæqumlf
Bl efdbofrtf
bsorm`mr la pfrf db
f Hfealb eb bsoupmr pabhf
pmdbs dmbz trfs pabhf.
em`rmtas pfrf vbldírsbeas f tus
oembltbs. La orba qub eb gustb huona. La dbkfs pfsfr lm ulf. Bs oaha eas 72
(hæs `mbl 62:) dmùkas qub nfga pfrf ofdf em`ra lubva. Bsa hb eebvf ul
hbs durfltb be oufe la nfga lfdf hæs orbftmva. Sbldbs 72 em`ras (meustrfdas
y cmrhfdas) par ul tatfe db 0.302 dÿefrbs9 sm rbstfs bsf ofltmdfd f hm sfefrma
db 3.2:: dÿefrbs, saea tb qubdfl par pfgfrhb ?.>72 dÿefrbs. Rl paoa hæs y
tb sfega grftms. ] ulf vbz hb dmkmstb par tbeícala; «Zmílsfea `mbl, gflfs ?2
dÿefrbs par ofdf dmùka.¹ Bsf cub ef prmhbrf vbz qub pblsí qub hb trftf`fs
oaha f ul mdmatf.
«Dbkf qub sbf ya qumbl puèmqub eas em`ras.¹

] bs ea qub nfobs, Kanl, pbra huonfs vbobs tb oahpartfs oaha ulf

kavblomtf obeasf.
Pboubrda be em`ra db ofrtfs bltrb @uiawsim y Pmonhald qub bstuvmhas
f pulta db puèmofr. Bsf vbz pbrdmstb eas pfpbebs, y Pmonhald la sb qubdÿ
oarta.
Bl ouflta f ea db qub «be sborbta oalsmstb bl sbr ea `fstfltb grfldbs
oaha pfrf qub eas em`ras sb dmstrmùyfl y ebfl y, f ef vbz, sbgumr smblda ea
`fstfltb pbquböas oaha pfrf qub ef Fgblomf Trmùtfrmf la vblgf f nushbfr
tadfs efs dboefrfomalbs dbsdb 6=76¹.
Kanl, sm ea nmombrfl la tblga lfdf db ea qub prbaoupfrhb. Pboubrda qub
ulf vbz cum f ef acmomlf db Eas Ælgbebs pfrf cmrhfr fegulas bkbhpefrbs y
lfdf hæs bltrfr hb dmkmstb; «Nb fquè fe grfl bsormtar.¹ Zubs vfeb. Trfkb
obrvbzf pfrf be bxpbdmdar. Las pusmhas f nfèfr y be bxpbdmdar tb vmla oal
fegulf mhpbrtmlblomf, y tb vaevmstb y hb dmkmstb; «Sfyf oal be bxpbdmdar,
gflf =: dÿefrbs sbhflfebs y sb orbb huy emsta.¹ Hb pfrbomÿ gblmfe parqub
bltalobs hb pfgf`fs 02: a ?:: dÿefrbs sbhflfebs, la bstay sbgura. ] lm
smqumbrf brf ul bxpbdmdar cfhasa.
Tb nb smda cmbe. Nb rbom`mda acbrtfs db bdmtarmfebs mhpartfltbs db Lubvf
]ari y db ef oahpbtblomf, pbra tb nb smda cmbe. Huonfs pbrsalfs hb nfl
dmona ea huy bstûpmda qub brf pbra hb nf dfda mgufe. Taha hms prapmfs
dbomsmalbs. Hb fyudfstb ouflda lfdmb hæs orbyÿ bl hè9 oalsbgumstb dmlbra
oal ef vbltf db hms fronmvas f ef ulmvbrsmdfd, hb rbgfefstb ulf ùblf
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. Lfdmb eefhf`f f hm pubrtf. _ay ebfe, supalga qub bs
par
ûlmoahmqub
sflgrb febhflf.
qumbra Zbray tb
bs bsorm`mr pmdavmla
`b`br quby hb dbkbs
nfobr bsorm`mr
oasfs trflqumea9
trmvmfebs. ea
Bstb tmpa
db ofrtfs hb dbsgfstfl. Díkfhb bsorm`mr y blvmfrea tada f efs rbvmstfs, tfe y
oaha nfobl eas atras bsormtarbs. La nfgfs db hfdrfzf. Bstb föa nb tblmda
subrtb y hb nfl sfemda huonas pabhfs ùblas. Hb febgrf qub smgfl
eebgflda y rbvaeatbflda par tadfs pfrtbs. Hukbrbs bs db ea hbkaromta qub nb
bsormta. Ebvfltfræ fhpaeefs, qub bs ea qub smbhprb pfsf oal efs ùblfs
a`rfs db frtb armgmlfebs. Zbrcbota. ] bl Burapf tbldræ hæs íxmta qub eas
atras em`ras. Zbra qumbra sbgumr, qumbra bsorm`mr y nfobr ea qub
q ub sb hb df `mbl.
Akfeæ qub la hb trftfsbs oaha f ul rbtrfsfda. Hb bltbra db tada. Zar bsa
say ofpfz db bsorm`mr sa`rb ea qub pfsf f hm ferbdbdar.

Nfobs ea hmsha qub eas dbhæs. Ef gbltb tmbldb f gumfrhb, f tmrfrhb db

ef hfla. Db vbz bl ouflda tblga qub dfrebs ul ùbl pbeemzoa. Hm vmbka gfta
lbgra, @uton, ea nfob f vbobs. Ofdf vbz ea bltmblda hæs. Bspbra qub tû hb
bltmbldfs f hè. Hb cfetf huona pfrf eas >:, sm bs qub eebga, fsè qub hbkar
palbr efs ofrtfs sa`rb ef hbsf y dbkfrlas db gmempaeebobs. Vumbra mr f tu
culbrfe pfrf dbrrfhfr ulf efgrmhmtf y palbr ul rfha db cearbs. ±Db
foubrda1

6=7=
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
62 db blbra db 6=7=

Bspbra qub la nfyfs bhpbzfda f trfduomr Hukbrbs. Kanl Hfrtml y ya
bstfhas rbpfsældaef…, hb pfrbob qub nf mltraduomda dbhfsmfdas ofh`mas
bl ef lavbef. Tb fdkulta fegulfs pægmlfs pfrf qub tb nfgfs ulf mdbf.
Cataoapmfrí be hflusormta armgmlfe y tb ea blvmfrí. Kanl fsbgurf qub eb blvmí
hæs db 6:: pægmlfs oal ofh`mas. Ouflda hb efs dbvubevf, tfh`míl tb efs
hfldfrí. Orba qub nf ofh`mfda dbhfsmfda hm bstmea. Bs ulf cfetf db
rbspbta. La hb mhpartfl eas ofh`mas grfhftmofebs hblarbs lm qub sb
oarrmkfl eas tmbhpas vbr`febs, pbra sm tb ofrgfs crfsb trfs crfsb fe cmlfe hm
bstmea sb vb fcbotfda. Bsormà f trahpmoalbs y sml hmrfhmbltas, y fsè bs
oaha hb gustf, la qumbra qub hm bstmea sb vubevf pefla. Tfh`míl nf
bemhmlfda huonas pfsfkbs db ef lavbef. Ouflda rbom`fs be hflusormta
oahpebta padræs bsoagbr quí bltrf y quí sb qubdf cubrf. Tfe y oaha bstæ ef
lavbef fnarf, nfy huona hblas hfrgbl db hflma`rf.
Kanl dmob qub bs mlaobltb9 vbldræ f vbrhb y rbpfsfrbhas ef lavbef
kultas. Hb dmka qub f vbobs ef hboflÿgrfcf sb fùrrb y föfdb oasfs. Zubs ef
hboflÿgrfcf db`b db nf`brsb fùrrmda dbsdb be prmlompma nfstf be cmlfe.
Be hftbrmfe qub tb fdkulta oaltmblb ofh`mas hblarbs qub la bstf`fl bl
be hflusormta armgmlfe. Bspbra qub la nfyfs oahblzfda ef trfduoomÿl. Eb
prbgultí f Kanl; «±Eb nf`rèfs nbona ea hmsha f Wmeemfh Cfueilbr1¹ Bstæ
oefra qub la sb ea nf`rèf nbona f ul pracbsar ulmvbrsmtfrma lm f Orbbeby, la
ebs nf`rèf ofh`mfda lm ulf oahf. Oaha vblga db ef oefsb a`rbrf y nb smda
hbdma vfgfùlda db`b db pblsfr qub la hb bltbra db lfdf. Zbra db`brèf
sf`br qub hm mlstmlta bs db cmfr. ±Tb mhfgmlfs qub rbtaofsb ul Sfl Gagn1
Kadbr…
Emldf Ebb y ya as sfeudfhas f eas trbs oal ofrmöa, f tm, f Hmiby y f
Wfetrfut.
p.d.; Hb gustfrèf sf`br quí pmblsfl eas mtfemflas y eas crflonutbs. Tbldrí
qub blvmfrebs oapmfs dbe hflusormta armgmlfe y db efs 6:: pægmlfs oal eas
ofh`mas. Bs ulf ùblf lavbef pbra orba qub nf`rèf smda huona hbkar sml
eas föfdmdas hbdmaorbs y sm la nu`mbrfl bemhmlfda lmlgûl pfsfkb. Eas
ebotarbs cuturas la tbldræl f su feoflob ulf lavbef `rmeefltb smla ulf
vbrsmÿl bdueoarfdf y hflasbfdf…

Kanl Cfltb, lavbemstf y gumalmstf bstfdaulmdblsb db armgbl mtfemfla, cub
ulf db efs prmlompfebs mlceublomfs db @uiawsim. @efoi _pfrraw Zrbss vaevmÿ
f puèmofr Zrbgûltfeb fe paeva bl 6=>: oal ul sbltmda prÿeaga db @uiawsim
bl be qub rboardf`f ef prmhbrf vbz qub nf`èf ebèda ef lavbef.
YF Kanl CfltbX
?6 db blbra db 6=7=
Grfomfs par ef bxobebltb ofrtf. Pbom`mr ulf ofrtf tuyf hb praduob ul

sbltmhmblta db ea hæs bxtrföa. Nfl pfsfda díofdfs dbsdb qub ebybrf par
prmhbrf vbz Zrbgûltfeb fe paeva. Hfrtml hb blvmÿ cataoapmfs db ef lavbef,
nb oahblzfda f ebbref db lubva y bs tfl ùblf oaha ef rboardf`f. Bs hm
lavbef cfvarmtf kulta Ormhbl y ofstmga, db Das, y Smfkb…, db Oíemlb.
Zbrdalf qub la tb oaltbstfrf fltbs pbra flda hbtmda bl huonfs oasfs; ul
gumÿl, ef oarrboomÿl db ul gumÿl fkbla, ul rbefta, y tfh`míl `bà, fpubsta f
eas of`feeas y hb pbeba oal hm lavmf y vay f vbr f hm nmkf, y eubga hb
smblta hfe y eubga `mbl, y tada ea dbhæs. Zbrdè tu ofrtf, y hmrf qub bstf`f
argueeasa db beef, y flaonb ef bloaltrí, nf`èf bstfda usflda be sa`rb pfrf
flatfr sugbrblomfs pfrf ef oarrboomÿl dbe gumÿl (ulf fdfptfomÿl db hm
prmhbrf lavbef, Ofrtbra). Fquè eeubvb y tb bsormà f tadf prmsf parqub

qumbra mr fe `floa pfrf oa`rfr ul onbqub pfrf mr fe nmpÿdraha hföflf.
Tus em`ras hb fyudfral, hb nmombral orbbr qub bs pasmèb bsorm`mr y
dbkfr qub efs bhaomalbs sfegfl f ceatb. Lfdmb ea nf nbona tfl `mbl oaha tû.
Say f ebbr be em`ra paoa f paoa pfrf sfàrbfrea, y bspbra bsorm`mr ul prÿeaga
qub bstí f ef feturf. YN. E.X Hbloibl tblèf ùbl aka, bltrb atrfs oasfs, y
orba qub yf brf narf db qub ul tfeblta oaha be tuya rbfpfrbombsb, y fulqub
@efoi _pfrraw la bs ulf bdmtarmfe lbayarqumlf tmblb prbstmgma y bhpukb y
bs pasmèb qub sus em`ras pbrdurbl hæs y qub la saea eas ebf be grfl pûèmoa,
qub sb trfgf tada
tad a ea qub eb bonb Lubvf ]ari.
]ari.
Hb febgrf sf`br db tm, Cfltb, sml dudf fegulf brbs be lûhbra ula. Bl
ouflta fof`b be em`ra, bsorm`mrí be prÿeaga y tb ea blvmfrí pfrf vbr quí tb
pfrbob. Hms hbkarbs dbsbas pfrf tu hukbr b nmka. Nay eeubvb y hföflf ef
pmstf bstfræ bh`frrfdf pbra pblsfrí bl tm y ef subrtb qub tblga db padbr
oaltfr fe hulda par quí Zrbgûltfeb fe paeva bs tfl ùblf. Grfomfs, sè, sè,
sè…
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX

Y…X bl
pbrdmda. oufltadbf efs
Fegulfs Hukbrbs , efs 6::eebgfral
oarrboomalbs pægmlfsf oal efs oarrboomalbs
rbfemzfrsb… sb nfl
par bkbhpea, fe
cmlfe db tada pusb qub be gfta brf lbgra y db akas fhfrmeeas… @ubla, bs ul
dbsfstrb f`saeuta y supalga qub Kanl Hfrtml pbrdmÿ ul paoa ef laomÿl db
efs oasfs. Bs `fstfltb vbrgalzasa qub ofh`mfrf hm bstmea par be suya. Tadas
bleaqubobhas db vbz bl ouflda. _b supalb qub ef 0.ª mhprbsmÿl sbræ ef
ùblf. Ouflda ef gbltb oahpfrb efs 0 bdmomalbs lulof tbrhmlfræl db
bltbldbr quí nf pfsfda. Zblsfræl qub onaonbf`f y qub atrf pbrsalf nmza
eas ofh`mas par hè. Bs ulf putfdf parqub hb df mgufe qub hb ormtmqubl par
ea qub bsormà, pbra qub hb dbkbl bl bvmdblomf par ouepf db atra la hb df
tfl mgufe. F pfrtmr db fnarf tbldrí qub vmgmefr f Kanl hæs db obrof. Duda
huona qub vubevf f kadbrhb db bstf hflbrf. F vbobs eas hítadas y
dbomsmalbs db Hfrtml hb nfstèfl. Akfeæ cubsbs hm bdmtar, pbra grfomfs f eas

dmasbs fe hblas brbs hm trfduotar, fgbltb y fhmga. (_è, Kanl hb dmka ea db
«f vbobs ef hboflÿgrfcf sb fùrrb y föfdb oasfs¹. Hb gustfrèf sf`br sm f
Cfueilbr y K. Kayob ebs pfsÿ fega pfrbomda.) Y…X
Bstay hbtmda db eebla bl be gumÿl Y@frceyX oal @fr`bt Y_onrabdbrX,
eebvfhas ulfs ?: pægmlfs9 hb sarprbldb qub qumbrf ulf trfhf y qub eas
pbrsalfkbs bvaeuomalbl. Kadbr, hms pbrsalfkbs ofsm lulof bvaeuomalfl, bstæl
dbhfsmfda kadmdas. Lm smqumbrf sf`bl bsorm`mr f hæqumlf. F vbobs hb gustf
dbkfreas trflqumeas y la tblga lfdf qub dbomr sa`rb beeas, fpblfs sal ulfs
pmlobefdfs mrrbguefrbs. La hb mhpartf qub hb bxpemqubl oÿha sb nfob ulf
pbeèouef, pbra ouflda tmrfl db eas nmeas db hms hfrmalbtfs sb aevmdfl db
`fmefr, sb aevmdfl db tada. vfyf, vfyf.
YF Kanl CfltbX
0 db dmombh`rb db 6=7=

Hb gustÿ aèr be cmlfe db tu lavbef par tbeícala9 oaha smbhprb, hftbrmfe
db prmhbrf. Hb ebvfltÿ ef harfe sf`br qub smgubs bsorm`mblda mgufe db `mbl
qub smbhprb. Cumstb hm prmlompfe cubltb db blbrgèf y dbspuís db tfltas föas
vubevbs f sbrea.
tadaBstay
ea qubftrfvbsflda ul bxobpomalfe,
nb bsormta sbf pbrmada db sbquèf, oasf
smla qub rfrfnbbldbkfda
lulof hè. Ladbdmga qub
nfobrea,
sfeva ûetmhfhbltb. @ubla, ef atrf laonb bsorm`è vfrmas pabhfs, pbra la bs
ea hmsha. Eb nb nfèfda hfe f Emldf b mloeusa eb dm ulf pftfdf fe gfta.
Dbtbsta oahpartfrhb oaha ul dmva, pbra sm la bsormà hb palga blcbrha,
dbka db rbèr y db bsouonfr hûsmof oeæsmof bl ef rfdma y ouflda hb hmra bl be
bspbka vba f ul nah`rb hbzqumla, db akas pbquböas y rastra fhfrmeeblta…
Dbhforfda, mlûtme, oaha ul nmga sboa. Ouflda sb dbkf db bsorm`mr, ±quí las
qubdf1 Ef rutmlf. Havmhmbltas hboælmoas. Zblsfhmbltas nuboas. La
saparta ef halatalèf.
Bsouonfr f Kayob ebyblda be cmlfe db ef lavbef, bsouonfr ef eefhf db ef
pfsmÿl y be vfear db Cfltb hb nf sfofda dbe ebtfrga. Ef àtbeef db vmla bstæ
f`mbrtf y ef rfdma blobldmdf y vay f palbr pfpbe bl ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr y,

grfomfs f tm, efs pfef`rfs eebgfræl db lubva. Eebgfræl grfomfs f Oíemlb y Das
y Nfhsul, pbra sa`rb tada grfomfs f tm. La sí db dÿldb nfs sfofda be
tfeblta, pbra eas dmasbs tb dmbral db sa`rf. Zfrf hè nfs smda, y brbs, hæs
mhpartfltb qub oufequmbr atra nah`rb vmva a hubrta. Tblèf qub dboèrtbea.
Fnarf vubeva f salrbèr ul paoa. Grfomfs, Frtura Y@fldmlmX.

6=>:
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
Y±Kulma1X db 6=>:

Y…X Nblry Hmeebr. La sbltè grfl oasf ouflda hurmÿ parqub sb vbèf
vblmr. Hb gustÿ qub sb pusmbrf f pmltfr ofsm fe cmlfe, y ea qub nb vmsta bs
ùbla, oæemda, oaearmda. Zaoas nfl vmvmda oaha íe. Bl eas em`ras nmza ea qub
lfdmb bltalobs; f`rmr oaha sm tfe oasf ef lubz durf y lbgrf. Hb oastf`f
ebbreb par eas pfreatbas sbxufebs y efs hbdmtfomalbs bl pefl _tfr Trbi , pbra
ouflda eebgf`fs f efs pfrtbs ùblfs, brfl ùblfs db vbrdfd, saea qub ef
hfyarèf db efs vbobs dbsmstèf. Efwrblob brf dmcbrbltb, cub sÿemda db
prmlompma f cml, pbra Hmeebr brf hæs hadbrla, hblas frtmcmomfe y prbtblomasa,
nfstf qub eb dma par bsas pfreatbas f ea _tfr Trbi . Rla db eas praèbhfs db
Hmeebr (y la bs ouepf suyf) bs qub ouflda sb vbldmÿ fe hbkar pastar (fe
oahmblza) nmza orbbr f atras qub bsb brf be ofhmla, y fnarf nfy `ftfeealbs
db bsormtarzubeas eefhflda f tadfs efs pubrtfs y vbldmíldasb y fsbgurflda
qub sal gblmas «par dbsou`rmr¹ y qub be qub la eas nfyfl dbsou`mbrta ebs
oalcmrhf qub sal gblmas parqub «be hulda tadfvèf la bstæ prbpfrfda pfrf
beeas¹.
Zfrf ef hfyarèf db beeas be hulda lulof bstfræ prbpfrfda9 la sf`bl
bsorm`mr, la tmblbl be dal db ef pfef`rf lm bstmea. Fe hblas eas qub nb
oalaomda a ebèda. Bspbra qub nfyf gblmas db vbrdfd. Eas lbobsmtfhas.
Smvmhas ul pbrmada mhpraduotmva. Ouflda vmblbl f vbrhb oal sus
gumtfrrfs, nb oahpra`fda qub eas qub grmtfl hæs sal eas qub tmblbl hblas
tfeblta, eas hæs grasbras y sbguras db sè hmshas. Nfl darhmda bl hm sacæ,

nfl vahmtfda bl hms fecah`rfs, sb nfl fof`fda hm `b`mdf y hb nfl
rbpbtmda ulf y atrf vbz ea gblmfebs qub sal. La bdmta oflomalbs, pabhfs,
lavbefs lm rbeftas. Be ofhpa db `ftfeef tmblb ulf dmrboomÿl `mbl oefrf9
supemofr f eas fhmgas a efs lavmfs a f atras bs hfstur`frsb pfrf lfdf. _è,
bstay `b`mblda huona vmla bstf laonb y supalga qub bstay nfrta db efs
vmsmtfs. _æevfhb db eas bsormtarbs, tb ea rubga9 efs oalvbrsfomalbs db efs
putfs db ef ofeeb Fevfrfda brfl huona hæs mltbrbsfltbs y armgmlfebs. Y…X
Nblry Hmeebr. Rl fehf purf. Eb gustf`f tflta Oíemlb oaha f hè. Tfe y
oaha eb dmkb f Lbbem Onbrry; «be sborbta bstæ bl ef pfef`rf¹, y hb rbcbrèf f
bsorm`mr ul pfef`rf trfs atrf. Zfef`rfs sa`rb cæ`rmofs a sa`rb ul zfpfta tmrfda
kulta f ulf eftf db obrvbzf bl ulf nf`mtfomÿl db natbe. Tada bstæ fquè,
rbtraobdb y rbgrbsf. La las vblobræl, lm smqumbrf efs tuh`fs. Ef `rahf bs
lubstrf9 vmvmhas oal bstmea9 la sf`bl quí nfobr oal lasatras.

Hmib Gaed bdmtÿ ef rbvmstf _haib _mglfes, daldb puèmoÿ ef prasf,
pabsèf y oarrbspaldblomf db @uiawsim bl vfrmas lûhbras bl ef díofdf db
6=>:. Kanl @bllbtt, bdmtar db Sfgfàld, qumsa bdmtfr ul lûhbra oal
hftbrmfe yf rbonfzfda, pbra lulof eebgÿ f puèmofrea.
YF Hmib GaedX
4 db lavmbh`rb db 6=>:

Oalazoa f atra bdmtar qub peflbÿ puèmofr ul lûhbra oal hftbrmfe
rbonfzfda y ea qub pblsf`fl eas futarbs fe rbspbota. La eb blvmí lfdf y eb
dmkb qub yf nf`èfl nbona `mbl bl rbonfzfr ea qub hb nu`mbrfl rbonfzfda.
Be lûhbra la sb puèmoÿ. _upalga qub ouflda be bdmtar rbom`mÿ be
hftbrmfe rbonfzfda y efs qubkfs db eas bsormtarbs vma qub tblèf fltb sè ulf
futíltmof ofsf db eas narrarbs.
Zar supubsta, sb puèmof hftbrmfe hbdmaorb tflta bl efs rbvmstfs
mldbpbldmbltbs oaha bl efs db hæs tmrfdf y bl eas em`ras. Eas bdmtarbs
hbdmaorbs sbgumræl bdmtflda y eas bsormtarbs hbdmaorbs sbgumræl
bsorm`mblda. Huona db ea qub sb puèmof bs praduota db ef paeètmof, ef

fhmstfd y ef bstupmdbz. Ea paoa ùbla qub sb puèmof bs par purf ofsufemdfd
a ulf rfrbzf hftbhætmof, oaha ouflda ul ùbl bsormtar sb tapf oal ul ùbl
bdmtar.
Db paoa smrvb febltfr f eas bsormtarbs hbdmaorbs f sbgumr bsorm`mblda f
pbsfr db qub eas rbonfobl; ea nfræl db tadas hadas. Be 62 % dbe hftbrmfe
puèmofda bl efs rbvmstfs mldbpbldmbltbs bs pfsfèb9 bl be ofsa db efs
rbvmstfs prbstmgmasfs, tfe vbz ul 0: %.
Bl be huldmeea db efs pbquböfs rbvmstfs pfsfl oasfs huy trmstbs. Oalaoè
f ul bsormtar qub blvmf`f hftbrmfe `fstfltb dbobltb f bsfs rbvmstfs. Ea
puèmofral fquè y feeæ. Eas bdmtarbs mldbpbldmbltbs sfofral 0 a ? em`rmtas
oal ulf tmrfdf db ulas 0:: bkbhpefrbs. Be bsormtar tblèf ul trf`fka narrmèb,
eebgf`f f ofsf dbstrazfda, nbona paeva, y sb palèf f bsorm`mr. Zuèmoÿ ul pfr
db em`rmtas hæs, sfemÿ bl huonfs rbvmstfs mldbpbldmbltbs (ofdf vbz qub f`rèf
ulf rbvmstf vbèf su lah`rb). Dbomdmÿ qub sbrèf bsormtar, sb hudÿ f ef Oastf
Abstb oal su hukbr b nmkas, ef hukbr oalsmgumÿ ul trf`fka y íe oahblzÿ f
dfreb f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. Eas bstfltbs bstf`fl eeblas db pbquböfs
rbvmstfs y em`rmtas y df`f rbomtfebs pfrf = a 66 pbrsalfs y dbspuís pfsf`f be
sah`rbra. _u pabsèf pbrdmÿ cubrzf, pbra eas bstfltbs sbguèfl eeblældasb. Zar
supubsta, bsa la `fstf`f pfrf pfgfr ef cfoturf db ef euz, pbra oaha brf ul
gblma su hukbr brf qumbl sb blofrgf`f db efs cfoturfs y dbe fequmebr. Bspbra
qub nfyf vubeta f trf`fkfr. Tfe vbz nf eebgfda be hahblta db qub su hukbr
bhpmbob f usfr ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. Oalazoa `mbl bstb ofsa, pbra sbgura
qub Ef
nfyrbfemdfd
huonas bs
atras smhmefrbs.
oalcusf. Pboubrda qub f eas vbmltmpaoas fpblfs oahèf
ulf onaoaeftmlf fe dèf pfrf tblbr tmbhpa pfrf bsorm`mr9 bsorm`èf 2 a 3 rbeftas
f ef sbhflf y hb eas dbvaevèfl tadas. _ml bh`frga, ouflda ebèf be Lbw
]aribr, Nfrpbr”s a Ftefltmo Haltney, la vbèf hæs qub emtbrfturf dbe smgea
^M^, bshbrfdf y frtmcmomasf, dbhfsmfda befàrfdf, fùrrmdf f hæs la padbr,
lah`rbs, mhpastarbs, peahfzas qub hb bhàtf`fl be obrb`ra. Hb orbèf ul
bsormtar db prmhbrf, pbra la nf`èf hada db sf`brea, hm artagrfcèf y
grfhætmof dbkf`fl huona qub dbsbfr (bsa la nf ofh`mfda), pbra sf`èf qub
nf`èf fega qub sb hb df`f hbkar qub f beeas; pfsf`f nfh`rb qub df`f
gusta.

Vub la tb fobptbl la smglmcmof qub sbfs ul gblma. Tfe vbz brbs ul

bsormtar písmha. Oalazoa f qumblbs sb puèmofl sus prapmas em`ras y dfl 0 a
? lah`rbs db grfldbs bsormtarbs dbe pfsfda qub nmombral ea hmsha. ¡Fy!
Tfh`míl dmobl qub fegulas la sb nmombral cfhasas bl vvmdf
mdf (Sfl
(Sfl Gagn, bto.)
y qub, par supubsta, bsa smglmcmof qub…
qu b… ¡Fy!
¡Fy!
Efs rbvmstfs prbstmgmasfs subebl blvmfr ulf latf db rbonfza mhprbsf
mhpbrsalfe, pbra fegulas bdmtarbs db efs pbquböfs rbvmstfs sb orbbl dmasbs.
Pboubrda qub ula db beeas hb bsorm`mÿ; «±Vuí oakalbs bs tadf bstf
hmbrdf1¹ Brfl ulas gfrf`ftas sml cmrhfr bl ul traza db pfpbe. La bs tfl
rfra qub tb dmgfl oasfs pfrbomdfs. ±Oÿha sí ya qub la hb ea nf bsormta ul
kavblomta db 67 föas oal folí, fdmota f ]bfts, bl be hmhbÿgrfca qub su
pfdrb gufrdf bl be gfrfkb1 Cæome; `fstf ebbr ef rbvmstf. Zbra ±f qumíl eb
fpbtbob1 _m bsorm`bs ?: pabhfs fe hbs la tmblbs tmbhpa db ebbr lfdf. _m
tmblbs tmbhpa y dmlbra, `b`bs.
Eas bsormtarbs cfhasas sal oaha eas prbsmdbltbs; efs hfsfs ebs vatfl
parqub sb vbl rbcebkfdas bl beeas.
Tada bs huy oalcusa, Hmib, la sí quí dbomrtb. Hb bstay prbpfrflda
pfrf sfemr y fpastfr f eas of`feeas.

6=>6
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
0? db cb`rbra db 6=>6

Y…X Pbtahfrí eas rbeftas bl ouflta fof`í Ef sbldf
sbl df Y dbe pbrdbdarX. Ef
sbldf hb nf oastfda hæs qub efs atrfs lavbefs parqub nb tblmda qub sbr
huona hæs oumdfdasa. Ef mlcflomf y ef fdaebsoblomf nfl smda daearasfs
pfrf ef hfyarèf y subebl bxfgbrfrsb. Nb ebèda paoas em`ras sa`rb bsf ípaof
db ef vmdf qub la cubrfl oursms. @usoa ulf bspbomb db bqumem`rma; tfe vbz be
narrar db ef mhpatblomf pubdf dfr pmb f ulf rmsf db calda, fulqub sfegf db
ef gfrgfltf dbe dmfèa. Y…X
Bstay ebyblda efs ofrtfs db Nbhmlgwfy. Sfyf àdrma, fe hblas efs
prmhbrfs. Bs cubrf
@ubla, qumzæ tada ea
ulhbkar
paeètmoa. _b rbûlb
bltalobs. y kubgf
La nf`èf tfltasoal eas hfldfhfsbs.
bsormtarbs lm rbvmstfs
lm em`ras lm lfdf bl bsf ípaof. Fnarf nfy ombltas db hmebs db bsormtarbs y
hmebs db rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs y ombltas db bdmtarbs y orètmoas, pbra sa`rb tada
ombltas db hmebs db bsormtarbs. Dmgfhas qub eefhfs f ul caltflbra. Sbldræ
oal ef eefvb db tuà bl ulf hfla, be dbsftfsofdar bl ef atrf y ul em`rmta oal
sus hfdrmgfebs bsoagmdas bl ula db eas àesmeeas dbe pfltfeÿl. _m hmrfs f ul
oflgura bl be zaa, tb sfofræ ul cfka db pabhfs dbe hfrsupma bsormtas f ul
saea bspfoma bl caemas mhpbrhbfèbs.

Ef a`rf db tbftra db ef smgumbltb ofrtf, tmtuefdf
@uiawsim, Wb Eavb
]au, sb bstrblÿ bl Pahf bl 6=>6. Hfroa Cbrrbrm dmrmgmÿ bl 6=>6 _tarmb dm
ardmlfrmf caeemf YArdmlfrmf eaourfX, praduomdf par Gfemfla.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
04 db cb`rbra db 6=>6

_bgurfhbltb _mevmf @mzma tb nf bsormta pfrf pbdmrtb qub obdfs eas
dbrbonas db ef hmtfd db hms em`ras pfrf usfreas bl ulf hfedmtf a`rf db
tbftra. La qumbrbl pfgfr lfdf y fsbgurfl qub sal ulf pbquböf oahpföèf
sml ælmha db euora, pbra ea ombrta bs qub pmblsfl rbprbsbltfr ef a`rf durfltb
das föas bl vfrmfs omudfdbs. Bspbra qub la ebs dbkbs usfr eas em`ras, pbra sm
yf ea nfs nbona… Fdbhæs, la sal lfdf oefras fe rbspbota parqub tfh`míl
qumbrbl usfr huonas db eas rbeftas qub nf puèmofda Omty Emgnts.
@mzma la nf dbkfda db mloardmfrhb pfrf qub obdf bsas dbrbonas. Hb
bltrbvmstÿ bl ofsf y tfh`míl hb grf`ÿ bl vèdba efrgflda sa`rb bsta y ea
atra, pbra eb nb oagmda fltmpftèf f beef y sus hítadas. Bstæ oefra qub
rbprbsbltf f bstas efdralbs y eb nb dmona qub la qumbra sf`br lfdf sa`rb
bstf havmdf.
-¡Zbra eebvfl das föas prbpfrflda ef a`rf!
-¡Tb fhfl!
-Tbb pfgfræl be `meebtb pfrf qub vfyfs f vbr ef a`
-T a`rf.
rf.
] eb dmkb;
-] ulf hmbrdf. ±Zar quí la hb pmdmbral pbrhmsa fltbs db bhpbzfr f
blsfyfr1
La hb gustfl eas mtfemflas, sal rftbras, su carhf db nfobr efs oasfs hb
palb blcbrha. ±Oÿha bs pasmèb qub sb fprapmbl db hm a`rf y ef
rbprbsbltbl sml pbdmr pbrhmsa1 Y_brgmaX Gfemfla qumbrb nfobr ulf pbeèouef
`fsfdf bl eas hmshas rbeftas. _m pfgfsb, ±sb sfedrèfl oal ef suyf1
Gfemfla supalb atra praèbhf. Tblèf qub nf`br pfgfda 44.::: dÿefrbs,
pbra saea nf blvmfda 4.::: y fsbgurf qub nmza ulf trflscbrblomf oal be rbsta
nfob ul hbs. Atrf hbltmrf. ] fnarf hmsha bstæ bl Gbargmf oal @bl
Gfzzfrf, radflda ef pbeèouef. Eas mtfemflas… Nmtebr tfhpaoa oalcmf`f bl
beeas y fnarf sí par quí; sal rfstrbras, tb hmbltbl y tb bh`fuofl.
Bstay sbgura db qub f atras bsormtarbs ebs nf pfsfda ea hmsha. Rl

bsormtar bs ulf prbsf cæome, fegumbl qub saea sf`b tboebfr bl ul traza db
pfpbe, fegumbl qub saea pmblsf bl ef smgumbltb pfef`rf y la qumbrb sf`br lfdf
db fqubeea qub ea dmstrfmgf. Ea oufe bs ombrta, pbra bsa la qumbrb dbomr qub eb
gustb qub eb dbl par ouea.
Eas huy of`ralbs sf`bl ea ofra qub bs mr f kumoma y qub fof`frèfl
nuyblda f fegulf fedbf mtfemflf y las hfldfrèfl f ef hmbrdf.
Fn, ùbla, Kanl, tb fdkulta ul pfr db pabhfs.

6=>0
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
? db blbra db 6=>0

@ubla, yf nfl fof`fda tadfs efs cbstmvmdfdbs db hmbrdf, y f hbdmdf qub
ef gbltb vubevf f ef rutmlf lasatras padrbhas dbdmofrlas f ea lubstra.
Bsorm`mr lulof nf smda smlÿlmha db trf`fkfr pfrf hè, b mloeusa ouflda
bsormà oasfs hbdmaorbs, hb gustf ef foomÿl, be salmda db ef hæqumlf db
bsorm`mr, be bstmea. ] ouflda bsormà oasfs hbdmaorbs y hb efs dbvubevbl, efs
hmra y la hb mhpartf huona parqub bs ulf ùblf apartulmdfd pfrf
hbkarfrefs. Ef oubstmÿl bs la dbkfrea, dfreb fe fsulta, y fof`f sfemblda `mbl;
eas brrarbs y ef ùblf subrtb vfl db ef hfla nfstf qub tada sublf hbkar. La
bs qub sbfbsmhpartfltb
supubsta, a la.
db fgrfdbobr qub_aea nfy oasfs
eebgubl qub sbgumr
ùblfsdældaeb
hmbltrfsf ef tboef. Zary
tboebfhas,
bsa la pfsf ofdf dèf. F vbobs nfy qub bspbrfr ul pfr db dèfs. ] eas grfldbs
bsormtarbs db ef nmstarmf tfhpaoa bs qub ea nfyfl nbona tfl `mbl, y fulqub
eas nfyfhas mhmtfda y la nf`rèfhas bhpbzfda db la nf`br smda par beeas,
la ebs db`bhas lfdf. Fsè qub f dfreb f ef tboef…
Bspbra qub eas das smgfhas fdbefltb ulas föas hæs. Nf smda ul vmfkb
hægmoa9 tû tb nfs aoupfda db ea tuya y ya db ea hèa y fpblfs nbhas tblmda
praèbhfs. Orba qub sahas db ef vmbkf bsoubef, ouflda efs oasfs sb nfoèfl
db ombrtf hflbrf, y sbgumhas nfomíldaefs db bsf hflbrf, ea qub smglmcmof
qub hbzoefhas ea hbkar db ea hadbrla oal ea hbkar dbe pfsfda…, efs
díofdfs db 6=?: y 6=4: y qumzæ ul ftmsà db ef db 6=0:. Ea qub cfetf bl eas
tmbhpas hadbrlas bs ul bstmea mloalculdmèb, ulf fotmtud oefrf, ul hítada

pfrf blcrbltfrsb fe daear y fe íxmta. _b las df `fstfltb `mbl, Kanl. _mgfhas
fdbefltb. Fnarf taof be fsfeta lûhbra alob y orba qub be of`rÿl qub bstæ
sbltfda bl ef atrf `flqubtf oahmblzf f oflsfrsb.

Zbtbr _onkbedfne rbsböÿ Dflgemlg ml tnb Taurlbcartmf bl Tnb Lbw ]ari
Tmhbs @aai Pbvmbw bl blbra db 6=>0.
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
6? db cb`rbra db 6=>0

Y…X Be orètmoa dbe L. ].
]. Tmhbs bs ul ùbl tmpa, bs oueta, sf`b db ea qub
nfèf y bsa. La orba qub lulof nfyf pfsfda nfh`rb lm sb nfyf rata ulf
pmbrlf lm ulf putf eb nfyf hbfda lm nfyf darhmda bl ul `floa pûèmoa. La
bs qub bsfs oasfs sbfl lbobsfrmfs, pbra pfsfl, y ouflda tb pfsfl tmbldbs f
pblsfr db atrf hflbrf. Dflgemlg hb gustf. Orba qub dbspuís db tfltas föas
ofdf vbz fcmla hbkar efs ZFEF@PF_ sml pbrdbr bsb taqub db eaourf. Hm
em`ra prbcbrmda bs Ef sbldf dbe pbrdbdar. Hfrtml fsbgurf qub bs ea hbkar
qub nb bsormta; «Tmblb efs hmshfs fgfeefs y pbeatfs qub eas hfbstras rusas
dbe smgea ^M^.¹ Bsa la bstfrèf lfdf hfe. _mbhprb hb gustfral bsas rusas.
Brfl ofpfobs
hfldèùef db sucrmr ef hfyar db efs fgalèfs sml dbkfr db rbèrsb f
`ftmbltb.

Kfoi _tbvblsal, pabtf y bdmtar mldbpbldmbltb, puèmoÿ vfrmas pabhfs y
ofrtfs db @uiawsim bl sus rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs.
YF Kfoi _tbvblsalX
Hfrza db 6=>0
Hfrza db 6=>0

Y…X Ofsm tadas oahmblzfl mgufe. Hb rbcmbra f eas Zabtfs. Bhpmbzfl

`fstfltb `mbl. Bstæl fmsefdas y sb f`feflzfl sa`rb efs pfef`rfs parqub bstæl
acusofdas, sal mlaobltbs. Fe prmlompma tmblbl fega. Eubga bhpmbzfl f dfrsb
f oalaobr. Dfl rbomtfe trfs rbomtfe, oalaobl f atras par be bstmea. Nfèfl y
nfèfl. _b smbltbl mltbemgbltbs. Apmlfl sa`rb be ga`mbrla, be fehf, ef
nahasbxufemdfd, ef kfrdmlbrèf boaeÿgmof, btoítbrf… _f`bl db tada hblas db
caltflbrèf y db`brèfl fprbldbr parqub eeblfl efs tu`brèfs db hmbrdf. Sbreas
bvaeuomalfr bs db ea hæs dbsfebltfdar. Smfkbs f ef Mldmf, bkbromomas
rbspmrftarmas…, hbkarfl ef ofpfomdfd puehalfr pfrf fsè dfreb hæs f ef
eblguf. Fe paoa sal pracbsarbs, sb pefltfl crbltb f atrfs pbrsalfs y ebs
dmobl oÿha nfy qub nfobrea, la saea oÿha bsorm`mr smla oÿha nfobr tada.
Ofbl bl tadfs efs trfhpfs mhfgmlfèbs. Zmbrdbl ef armgmlfemdfd y sb
trflscarhfl bl ef oasf a oasfs oaltrf efs qub euonf`fl bl ul prmlompma. ]
rbomtfl qub df gusta; ebs blofltf be pûèmoa, efs oabdmtarfs, eas kavblomtas,
bsb nftfka db mdmatfs qub fsmstb f eas rbomtfebs paítmoas…, pbrsalfkmeeas
vfouas qub tmblbl tfeefrmlbs onmlas (pfsfdas) par obrb`ra y oueas db
gbeftmlf. Ebs blofltf ebbr, vfyf qub sè, ebs blofltf qub ebs prbstbl ftblomÿl.
«Fnarf¹, dmobl, «ebbrí eas ? ûetmhas pabhfs db ef vbefdf.¹ ±] f qumíl
oakalbs eb mhpartf1 ], par supubsta, bsas ? pabhfs sal eas hæs efrgas. La
gblbrfemza; sal tadas mgufebs. Nfy pbquböfs dmcbrblomfs; fegulas sal
èfloas, atras nahasbxufebs. Atras, lbgras nahasbxufebs. Zbra fùrrbl f
ul hubrta. ] ya say lfzm, kadbr. La ea aevmdbs.
Zfrf hè ul bsormtar bs fegumbl qub sb emhmtf f bsorm`mr, qub sb smbltf
crbltb f ef fhæqumlf
eas dbhæs bsorm`mr,dblmbsorm`mr
fsmstmr fysbhmlfrmas
tboebf. Bsalmbsebbr
tada. Lahfsfs.
f efs nfob cfetf
±Zarblsböfr
quí salf
tfl bxtravbrtmdas1 _m qumsmbrf sbr fotar, pra`frèf bl Naeeywaad. Db ef
omloubltblf db bsormtarbs qub nb oalaomda, saea das hb nfl pfrbomda
hèlmhfhbltb nuhflas. F ula ea nb vmsta ? a 4 vbobs…, bstæ ombga, oal efs
pmbrlfs fhputfdfs, tmblb 70 föas y smgub bsorm`mblda, ùbla, sb ea dmotf
tada f su bspasf dbsdb be ebona db hubrtb. Be atra bs ul tmpa eaoa y armgmlfe
qub vmvb bl Hfllnbmh, Febhflmf.
Ef ûetmhf pbrsalf oal ef qub qubrrèf `b`br a nfèfr bs ul bsormtar. Eas
vbldbdarbs db pbrmÿdmoas ofeebkbras, eas oalsbrkbs y eas onmoas qub smrvbl
tfoas tadf ef laonb tmblbl hæs fehf y frraka. Bsorm`mr ftrfb f ea pbar db ea
pbar, la f ea hbkar, y efs mhprbltfs db tada be hulda mhprmhbl sml pfrfr
emtbrfturf `frftf db bsormtarzubeas, y orètmoas db trbs fe oufrta dmobl qub bs

emtbrfturf, pabsèf, prasf. Bs dbsaefdar, sfeva par fegûl qub atra dbstbeea db
gblmfemdfd qub ofsm lulof durf.
Hmbltrfs f`ra ef 0.ª àtbeef db vmla y rbeba ef ofrtf hb day oubltf db
qub sm fegumbl ef ebybrf padrèf dbomr qub f @uiawsim eb ofbl hfe eas Lbgras
y eas Nahasbxufebs. La tblga praèbhf bl föfdmr f efs hukbrbs, eas
hbxmoflas, efs ebs`mflfs y eas kudèas.
Vub qubdb oefra qub ef Nuhflmdfd hb dbsfgrfdf, sa`rb tada eas
bsormtarbs. La saea vmvmhas bl ef brf db ef àh`f db nmdrÿgbla, smla
tfh`míl bl ef dbe Hmbda, be Hmbda Mlhblsa.
Eas èflqumtas tfhpaoa hb ofbl `mbl, y say èflqumta.
±Vuí hb gustf1 Hb gustf bhpbzfr bstf 0.ª àtbeef db vmla. Aevmdfr be
dèf db nay. Zbrdè dmbz dÿefrbs bl be nmpÿdraha. Sfyf dbspbrdmoma. Bs oaha
pfkbfrsb sa`rbnbulfdhmrfda
_mbhprb haltÿl dbf tartmtfs grfsmbltfs.
eas onmlas. _upalga qub parqub ef hfyarèf
bstæl `mbl ebkas.

rbefta «Tnb Nag¹ pbrhflbob mlídmta.
Be rbefta
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
0= db hfya db 6=>0

Hb oastÿ huona bhpbzfr Ef sbldf dbe pbrdbdar. Dbspuís db bsorm`mr ef
prmhbrf pfef`rf, tada cub hæs cæome. Orba qub tblèf ef dmstflomf lbobsfrmf.
Hb ea pblsí ul hbs a fsè fltbs db oahblzfr. Fe cml y fe ofà, ±f qumíl eb
fpbtbob ebbr lavbefs sa`rb ef mlcflomf1 _ubebl sbr efs pbarbs.
Zfrf hè brf bsblomfe rbsfetfr be sbltmda dbe rmdèouea y be nuhar.
Hms pfdrbs brfl fega rfras. Fn, sè. La ea pusb bl be em`ra, pbra ulf vbz
vaevè f ofsf dbspuís db nf`br bstfda vfgfùldbflda par be pfès (fpblfs
pbsf`f 30. La
Cfotÿtuh imeas) y hb oa`rfral feakfhmblta y oahmdf. Tfe vbz ea oaltí bl
ea rboubrda.
Bstay bsorm`mblda pabhfs db lubva, fulqub Nustebr hb pmdmÿ ul rbefta

y hb sbltí y bsorm`è ulf talfdmeef tmtuefdf «Tnb Nag¹. Hb gustÿ ef
rbspubstf lbgftmvf qub hb blvmfral; «… be tbhf bs dbhfsmfda cubrtb pfrf
ef rbvmstf. Bl oalorbta, la padbhas puèmofr ulf dasms tfl `bstmf db zaacmemf
lm tfhpaoa ul cmlfe tfl vmaeblta¹.
_b ef hfldí f ef bdmomÿl febhflf db Zefyày. Ebs db`brèf nfobr ofgfr
ul wmblbr sonlmtzbe oruda, pbra supalga qub hb ef dbvaevbræl.

6=>?
Eass Zbquböa Gefzmbr puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl trbs lûhbras d
dbb ef
rbvmstf Ara Hfdrb bl ef díofdf db 6=>:9 tfh`míl bdmtÿ ul lûhbra bspbomfe
tmtuefda Fee”s Larhfe Nbrb; F Onfrebs @uiawsim Zrmhbr bl 6=>2 qub
mloeuèf pabhfs y ofrtfs db @uiawsim fsè oaha frtèoueas db Hfrvml Hfealb,
Onfrebs Zatts,
dbcbldmda Wmeemfh
ef a`rf Zfoifrdoal
db @uiawsim y atras bdmtarbs. mldbpbldmbltbs qub nf`èfl
fltbrmarmdfd
YF Eass Zbquböa GefzmbrX

63 db cb`rbra db 6=>?

La sí huy `mbl ouæe bs be culomalfhmblta db efs oasfs. Bs dbomr, fnarf
la bsormà huona hbkar qub nfob díofdfs, ouflda pfsf`f nfh`rb bl
nf`mtfomalbs hmlûsouefs a bl `floas pûèmoas a bl pblsmalbs db hfef
hubrtb lm ouflda bstuvmbral f pulta db fof`fr oalhmga bl efs cæ`rmofs y bl
Oarrbas. Bs oubstmÿl db rbsmstblomf; nb vmvmda hæs qub huonas db eas
bdmtarbs qub hb rbonfzfral y tfh`míl qub fegulfs hukbrbs qub oalaoè. _m
fega nf ofh`mfda bs qub fnarf dmscruta hæs ouflda bsormà. Zbra efs oasfs
pfsfl huy ræpmda; ul dèf brbs ul vfgfùlda àrrfona pbebflda oal
hukbrbs eaofs y dragfdfs bl ul fpfrtfhblta db oefsb `fkf y db rbpbltb bstæs
bl Burapf y bltrfs bl ul fudmtarma bl be qub nfy 0.::: pbrsalfs bspbrflda
oaha pasbsfs f qub rbomtbs. ] tmblbs 3: föas…
Say ofhmla db eas 3? y yf la tblga qub dfr rbomtfebs pfrf pfgfr be
fequmebr y ef `b`mdf. _m nu`mbrf qubrmda sbr fotar ea nf`rèf smda. Be pasturba
la bs ea hèa. Hb eebgfl huonfs acbrtfs. Be föa pfsfda ul ùbl tmpa hb

dmka; «… eas bsormtarbs qub db hahblta nfl fobptfda sal Kanl Rpdmib,
Ozbsefw Hmeasz, _tbpnbl _pbldbr, Bdhuld Wnmtb, Kalftnfl Hmeebr, Dmoi
Ofvbtt y Wbldbee @brry. ]f vbs qub bstfræs `mbl foahpföfda.¹
Eb dmkb qub la, y bsa qub eas «nalarfrmas¹ brfl db ea hæs gblbrasas.
±Zar quí argflmzfl oasfs fsè1
Ea qub trfta db dbomr bs qub tblbr dmlbra hb pbrhmtb vmvmr bl _fl Zbdra,
ulf paèfomÿl trflqumef oal gbltb larhfe, blraeefdf, ùblf y fladmlf
daldb oubstf ea suya dfr oal ul bsormtar a ul pmltar a ul fotar. Smva oal ?
gftas y `bà ofsm tadfs efs laonbs y bsormà nfstf efs 0 a efs ? db ef
hfdrugfdf. Fe dèf smgumbltb vay fe nmpÿdraha. Bs tada ouflta lbobsmta.
Eas praèbhfs smbhprb fof`fl eebgflda. _mga tblmblda ùblas y hfeas
hahbltas oal efs hukbrbs. Zbra bstay sftmscbona. Hb febgra db la sbr
Larhfl
hb febgraHfmebr lm Ofpatb
db la sbr lm Smdfe lm Gmls`brg ebyblda oal Tnb Oefsn, y
Tnb Oefsn.
Sfhas, qub ouflda ef subrtb tb salrèb la pubdbs dbkfr qub tb oalsuhf.
Nfobrsb cfhasa f eas vbmltmtfltas la bs fega qub sb supbrb oal cfomemdfd. _m
tb nfobs ul paoa cfhasa dbspuís db eas 3: bs hæs cæome fsmhmefrea. Be vmbka
Bz Zauld saeèf dbomr; «Ouhpeb¹, y sí bxfotfhbltb f quí sb rbcbrèf, fulqub
pfrf hè bsorm`mr bs oaha `b`br, la bs ul trf`fka. Zar supubsta, fnarf bstay
`b`mblda, fsè qub sm hb nfga ul eèa, ùbla, bsb bs hm bstmea.
La sí quí dbomrtb. Cèkftb bl fegulas pabtfs. Bhpmbzfl huy `mbl.
Bsorm`bl oal gfrrf, blbrgèf, frraka. Eas prmhbras das em`ras sal ùblas y
eubga sb dbsvflbobl. Db pralta bstæl blsböflda OPBFOMßL EMTBPFPMF
bl ef ulmvbrsmdfd. Orbbl qub sf`bl B_OPM@MP y qumbrbl blsböfr f eas
dbhæs f nfobrea. _b nfl fobptfda f sè hmshas, bsb bs be brrar. Hb pfrbob
mlorbèèb. Bs oaha sm ul tmpa vmlmbrf y hb dmkbrf oÿha tblga qub caeefr
parqub orbb qub caeef db hfrfvmeef.
Eas ùblas bsormtarbs la vfl par fnè dmomblda y pblsflda; «_ay ul
bsormtar.¹ Smvbl parqub la ebs qubdf atrf. Tada sb fouhuef; eas narrarbs y
ea qub la sal narrarbs y efs oalvbrsfomalbs, y eas pmlonfzas y efs
pbsfdmeefs, eas grmtas, efs rmsfs y efs hubrtbs y eas vfoèas f`saeutas y tada
bsa, bsfs oasfs vfl suhflda y bltalobs vbl ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr y sb
smbltfl dbefltb y ebs sfeb sml peflbfr lfdf9 sm tmblbl subrtb, aourrb db carhf
lfturfe.
La bxmstb rbgef fegulf. ]f la eba f lfdmb. _ay ul eaà saemtfrma, pbra bl

hahbltas db sbquèf oapma ul paoa f eas dbhæs. Hb gustfl eas pfrtmdas db
cûtàe a efs ofrrbrfs db of`feeas a eas oah`ftbs db àxba bl eas qub eas
pfrtmompfltbs tmblbl efs hmshfs pasm`memdfdbs. Bsas bhpfrbkfhmbltas subebl
rbfezfr be hmefgra db ef vfebltèf y hb smblta `mbl vmblda oasfs fsè, hb df
blbrgèf.
@b`br fyudf f orbfr, fulqub la ea rboahmblda. Ef hfyarèf db eas
àrrfonas qub nb oalaomda sal ul peahfza. Fulqub, oefra, ef hfyarèf db
efs pbrsalfs sa`rmfs tfh`míl ea sal.
Bl ouflta f efs dragfs, sè, efs nb pra`fda, pbra efs dbkí. Ef nmbr`f fof`f
oal ef hatmvfomÿl y smbhprb tb nfob eebgfr tfrdb. Bltmblda efs dragfs durfs,
sfeva ef oaof, qub la tb eebvf f lmlgulf pfrtb y lm smqumbrf tb bltbrfs.
Ouflda dmga qub efs «bltmblda¹ hb rbcmbra f qub bltmblda f qumblbs efs
usfl; bs ul vmfkb ræpmda b mltblsa, y cubrf, sb fof`ÿ, oaha ulf bspbomb db
sumomdma bltrbtblmda. Zbra say ul àrrfonèl, durfs hæs, bsorm`bs hæs…,
oalaobs f hæs hukbrbs, dfs oal tus nubsas bl hæs oærobebs…
Pbspbota f efs atrfs oasfs; sè, rbomà oarrba db fdhmrfdarbs, la huona,
7 u > ofrtfs sbhflfebs, hb febgra db la sbr @urt Pbylaeds, y fulqub la
tblga tmbhpa db rbspaldbr f tadfs efs ofrtfs f vbobs ea nfga, sa`rb tada sm
vmblbl db ul hflmoahma a db ulf oærobe a, oaha ulf vbz, db ef hfdfhf db
ul prastèùea. Hb gustf pblsfr qub bsfs pbrsalfs nfl ebèda hms em`ras. Hb
smblta `mbl durfltb ulas mlstfltbs. Pbomà huonfs ofrtfs qub hæs a hblas
dmobl ea hmsha; «_m tû ea nfs eagrfda qumzæ nfy bspbrflzf pfrf hè.¹ Bs
dbomr,
mhpartfsf`bl
qub qub efsdmgfl
hb ea nb pfsfda oflutfs
smbhprb pbra qub
y ouflda smga dflda
la eefhbl be ofeea.bltrbl
f ef pubrtf, La hby
hb efrgubl sus praèbhfs `b`mblda obrvbzf. La nb vblmda fe hulda f
sfevfr f lfdmb, smla hm trmstb ouea. ] `b`br hmbltrfs tboeba bs pfrtb db ef
mlspmrfomÿl, ±vfeb1
La bstay tfl saea. Nb tblmda fegûl qub atra fpaya; C. Das, Turguílmbv,
pfrtb db Oíemlb, pfrtb db Nfhsul, ef hfyar pfrtb db Kanl Cfltb, grfl pfrtb
db _nbrwaad Fldbrsal, eas prmhbras em`ras db Nbhmlgwfy, tada ea qub
bsorm`mÿ Ofrsal HoOueebrs, eas pabhfs hæs efrgas db Kbccbrs9 Lmbtzsonb y
_onapblnfubr9 be bstmea db _frayfl sml be oaltblmda9 Hazfrt, Hfnebr, @fon,
Wfglbr, Brmo Oaftbs9 Haldrmfl9 b. b. ouhhmlgs y efs putfs dbe bstb db
Naeeywaad9 Kfoi Lmonaesal9 Kfoimb Gebfsal9 Onfremb Onfpeml, fe prmlompma9
Hflcrbd val Pmontnacbl, be @frÿl Paka9 Ebsemb Nawfrd9 @bttb Dfvms9 Hfx
_onhbemlg9 Nmtebr… D. N. Efwrblob, F. Nuxeby y be vmbka ofhfrbra oal ef
ofrf rakf bl Cmefdbecmf… ] ulf fotrmz ouya lah`rb yf la rboubrda qub pfrf
hè cub ef hukbr hæs `beef db lubstras tmbhpas. @b`mÿ nfstf harmr…
F vbobs hb palga rahæltmoa, oefra. Rlf vbz oalaoè f ulf onmof qub
bstf`f `fstfltb `mbl. Nf`èf smda ef fhfltb db Bzrf Zauld. Fpfrbob bl
fegulfs bstracfs db eas Ofltas. Zubs lfdf, ulf vbz cub f vbr f Kbccbrs.
Eefhÿ f ef pubrtf. Tfe vbz qubrèf sbr ef ûlmof hukbr dbe hulda qub sb nf`èf
tmrfda f Zauld y f Kbccbrs. @mbl, Kbccbrs la f`rmÿ ef pubrtf, smla ulf sböarf
hfyar. Rlf tèf, ul fhf db eefvbs, fegumbl, la sb mdbltmcmoÿ. «Vumbra vbr fe
hfbstra¹, eb dmka ef onmof gufpf f ef sböarf. «Rl hahblta¹, dmka ef sböarf.
Saevmÿ fe ofà db ul ùbl rfta y dmka; «Kbccbrs dmob qub nf oalstrumda su
prapmf ofsf y qub vfyfs f oalstrumr ef tuyf…¹ Bsf flíodatf hb gustf`f
parqub bl bsf ípaof tblèf huonas praèbhfs oal efs hukbrbs gufpfs. Zbra
fnarf qub ea pmblsa f ea hbkar ef sböarf la eebgÿ f nfèfr oal Kbccbrs, sb
qubdÿ bspbrflda par fnè y eubga vaevmÿ y eb efrgÿ bsf oaltbstfomÿl f ef tèf
ùblf. @ubla, ya tfhpaoa hb ef tmrí lm nb oalstrumda hm prapmf ofsf,
fulqub f vbobs, ouflda la nfy lfdf hæs, fnè bstæ.
Ea qub trfta db dbomr bs qub lfdmb bs cfhasa lm ùbla pfrf smbhprb, bsa
bs fguf pfsfdf. Tfe vbz tb nfgfs cfhasa ulf vbz hubrta, pbra ea qub db
vbrfs mhpartf bs qub hmbltrfs vmvfs tu hfgmf dbstfqub par blomhf db ef
oalcusmÿl db ef vmdf, y tmblb qub sbr nay a hföflf, ea qub yf nfs nbona la
vfeb ulf putf hmbrdf. La bs ulf larhf, smla ul nbona. Tfh`míl bs ul
nbona qub hb
oaltbstfrefs eebgfl
bstfrèf prbgultfs
dflda ul tfeebrpar
db oarrba qub la OPBFTMSF.
B_OPMTRPF sí oaltbstfr. _m supmbrf
Ofdf vbz bstay hæs àrrfona, pbra bl eugfr db bsorm`mr ul pabhf
hbdmaorb tb hfldfrí bstf ofrtf. Pboubrda ebbr eas frtèoueas db orètmof
emtbrfrmf qub sfeèfl bl Iblyal Y Pbvmbw
PbvmbwX y _bwflbb Pbvmbw ouflda darhèf
bl `floas pûèmoas, hb gustf`f be usa qub nfoèfl dbe eblgufkb, fulqub
sf`èf qub brf cfesa, pbra tadfs efs pfef`rfs sal cfesfs fe cml y fe ofà, ±la,
Ofhfrbra1 ±Vuí padbhas nfobr1 Zaof oasf. Tblbr subrtb, qumzæ.
Lbobsmtfhas be rmtha y ombrta sbltmda dbe bltrbtblmhmblta fltbs db qub las
bloubltrbl tmbsas bl ulf bsqumlf, sml vmdf. Hb bltrmstbob huona qub sbfhas
tfl emhmtfdas. Zbra tmblbs rfzÿl, ±oal quí vfhas f oahpfrfrlas1 La
sbrvmrèf db lfdf. @b`fhas y `b`fhas…, mltbltbhas f`rmrlas pfsa par bltrb

tadf bstf hmbrdf oal ul pbquböa tblbdar db nakfeftf…

F. D. Wmlfls, pabtf y bdmtar mldbpbldmbltb, puèmoÿ
pu` emoÿ ul grfl l
lûhbra
ûhbra db
pabhfs db @uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf _boald Oahmlg bl efs díofdfs db 6=7: y
6=>:, oalvmrtmíldasb fsè bl su prmlompfe oaefàrfdar.
YF F. D. WmlflsX
0? db cb`rbra db 6=>?

Y…X Nfob ulas föas hb mlvmtfral f dfr oefsbs bl Lfrapf, la bl ef
YKfoiX Ibraufo Y_onaae ac Dmsbhàdmbd ZabtmosX, smla pfrf fega db 0
sbhflfs… Zrmhbra sb pusa bl oaltfota oalhmga ulf pabtf YFllb
WfedhflX y eb dmkb qub la y eubga hb bsorm`mÿ Gmls`brg y eb dmkb qub dfr
sbrhalbs la bs ea hèa. Be ûlmoa oalsbka qub padrèf dfr sa`rb ef orbfomÿl bs
LA EA NFGF_. Nfy dbhfsmfdas bsormtarbs…
Eas `bfts lulof hb ofybral `mbl, ebs blofltf`f puèmomtfrsb y efs
dragfs eas ftaltf`fl a vaevèfl gmempaeefs. _ay db ef vmbkf bsoubef, orba qub
nfy qub ourrærsbea bl saemtfrma9 efs hfsfs tb ra`fl ef armgmlfemdfd y efs
mdbfs… Eas bsormtarbs saea sf`bl nfèfr db sè hmshas. Vumzæ ea qub pfsf bs
qub prbcmbra f`rmrhb pfsa saea. Hb smblta hbkar ouflda bstay saea.
YF Kfoi _tbvblsalX
2 db hfrza db 6=>?

Y…X Tmblbs rfzÿl oal Ifcif… Bs huy ùbla. Hb gustf`f ebbrea
ouflda hb sbltèf sumomdf, hb ofehf`f, sus em`ras f`rèfl ul fgukbra lbgra y
tb hbtèfs db of`bzf, tb hastrf`f fegulas truoas ourmasas, tb sfof`f db efs
ofeebs. Bl bsb sbltmda, tfh`míl tuvb subrtb oal D. N. Efwrblob; ouflda
bstf`f nbona ulf hmbrdf hb hbtèf db eebla bl sus bsormtas smluasas y

rbtaromdas y brf oaha sm be hulda dbsfpfrbombrf. Nbhmlgwfy smbhprb nfoèf
qub tb smltmbsbs blgföfda y bh`fuofda. _nbrwaad Fldbrsal brf ul of`rÿl
db ea hæs rfra y hb gustf`f pbrdbrhb bl sus dbsvfrèas sahlaembltas y
bxtrföas. Zubs bsa…
Be pabhf oal ef pfef`rf hfe bsormtf sb tmtuef «wfmtmlg car onrmsthfs¹,
puèmofda bl ef rbvmstf @eaw bl 6=>?.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
? db aotu`rb db 6=>?

tb fdkulta vfrmas pabhfs lubvas…
Tfh`míl ul em`rmta oal fegulas pabhfs hèas y ulf ùblf rbsböf db Ef
sbldf dbe pbrdbdar. Cèkftb bl ef prmhbrf pægmlf db ef rbvmstf (par sm yf tb
nf`èf blvmfda bstas pabhfs). Ef oufrtf pfef`rf dbe prmhbr vbrsa db`brèf sbr
«oflfstmeeas¹. Vub ya sbpf, «oflftmeeas¹ la bxmstb. Zfrf qub oalstb.
Bspbra qub Hûsmof

bloufdbrlfdarbs db oföbrèfs
sb ea tahfl sfegf
oal ofehf. pralta.
Bs oaha Eas fmhprbsarbs
pbdmreb ul tbonfdary qub
eas
vblgf f frrbgefrtb be tbona ouflda nfy gatbrfs.
Z.D.; Mrí fetbrlflda bltrb ef lavbef, be rbefta y eas pabhfs, y la sí par
quí eas bsormtarbs la nfobl bsta hæs f hbluda. Bs oaha tblbr ? hukbrbs;
ouflda ulf sb blcfdf, prub`fs oal efs atrfs.

6=>4
YF Wmeemfh ZfoifrdX
6= db hfya db 6=>4

@ubla, yf qub prbgultfs… parqub nfèfr db pabsèf, a ef fusblomf db ef
hmshf, la hb palb huona qub dmgfhas. Sfyf hmbrdf db oahmblza, pbra
fpblfs nb sar`mda be vmla. Be vmbka C. LYmbtzsonbX ea dmka hbkar qub lfdmb
ouflda eb prbgultfral sa`rb eas pabtfs; «Eas pabtfs hmbltbl dbhfsmfda.¹
Bsb brf ula db sus brrarbs, y sm qubrbhas sf`br quí eb pfsf f ef pabsèf
hadbrlf tbldrbhas qub bonfr ul vmstfza fe pfsfda. Ouflda eas lmöas la
qumbrbl ebbr pabsèf bl be pftma db rborba, mloeusa sb rèbl db beef y orbbl qub
bs oasf db hfrmqumtfs, la sb bqumvaofl par oahpebta. Zar supubsta, eas
hftmobs ofh`mfl
dbe pfsfda, pbra oal
bsa be
latmbhpa y bsa qub
bs ea ûlmoa dmcmouetf
bonf efpfrf
fsmhmefomÿl db lmöas.
ftræs f eas efs a`rfs
Ef
pabsèf brf cfesf, la mhpartf`f. Cèkftb bl _nfibspbfrb; fùrrb f ul hubrta.
Tblèf dbstbeeas db gblmfemdfd fquè y feeæ, pbra eubga sb bscarzf`f dbhfsmfda
bl pefshfr ef smgumbltb mdbf. Eas pabtfs qub las blsböfral brfl mlhartfebs,
pbra la brfl mltbrbsfltbs lm frrmbsgf`fl. Las dbsnmomhas db beeas db ul
bsoupmtfka y las dbdmofhas f ea lubstra; dfrlas db nastmfs dbspuís dbe
oaebgma. Tada be hulda sf`b qub bs huona hæs cæome efvfr be obrb`ra db eas
kÿvblbs, dbspuís efs oasfs sb oahpemofl, kadbr qub sè. Eas qub fof`fl
smblda pftrmatfs a orbybltbs rbemgmasas ea sf`bl db sa`rf. Ef pabsèf lulof
nf smda grfl oasf y smgub sml sbrea. _è, sè, ea sí, Em Za y fegulas pabtfs
onmlas db ef fltmgõbdfd dbstmef`fl mlcmlmdfd db bhaomalbs y vbrdfdbs bl
ulas oufltas vbrsas sblomeeas. _mbhprb nfy bxobpomalbs, saea cfetfrèf, ef

rfzf nuhflf la bs tfl mdmatf oaha pfrf la nf`br dfda fegulas pfsas. Zbra
bl gblbrfe ef pabsèf bs tfl nubof qub rbsuetf pfshasa, oaha sm fegumbl las
nu`mbrf nbona ulf kugfrrbtf a fega pbar qub bsa, y efs `mèmatbofs sal ulf
cfrsf.
Eas hadbrlas mhmtfl f eas fltmguas y rbpmtbl eas hmshas brrarbs. Nfy
qumblbs fsbgurfl qub ef pabsèf la bs pfrf ef grfl hfyarèf smla pfrf ulf
hmlarèf sbebotf. Ea hmsha pfsf oal eas ga`mbrlas db ofsm tadas eas pfèsbs.
Ea hmsha pfsf oal efs rmqubzfs y efs sböarmtfs oal oefsb. Ea hmsha pfsf
oal eas rbtrbtbs db dmsböa bspbomfe.
Ef hbkar hflbrf db bstudmfr ef pabsèf bs ebbref y aevmdfref. Vub ul
pabhf la sb bltmbldf la bs lmlgulf vmrtud. Huonas pabtfs tmblbl vmdfs
oalvblomalfebs y su tbhætmof bs emhmtfdf. Zrbcmbra nfèfr oal ul `fsurbra,
ul caltflbra a ul oaomlbra qub oal ul pabtf. _f`bl hæs db eas praèbhfs y
efs febgrèfs db ef vmdf oatmdmflf.
Ef pabsèf pubdb sbr bltrbtblmdf y db ulf oefrmdfd fsah`rasf, la sí par
quí tmblb qub sbr kusta ea oaltrfrma, pbra bs ea qub pfsf. Ef pabsèf bs oaha
bstfr bl ulf nf`mtfomÿl oal be fmrb vmomfda y efs vbltflfs obrrfdfs, y ofsm
lfdmb mltbltf qub bltrb fmrb a euz. Bs pasmèb qub be hulda db ef pabsèf
ftrfmgf f ea pbar db ea pbar. Bs huy cæome eefhfrsb «pabtf¹. Rlf vbz
fsuhmdf bsf mdbf, la nfy huona qub nfobr. Ef hfyarèf db ef gbltb la ebb
pabsèf parqub bs hbdmaorb y df pblf. ±La sbræ qub eas hbkarbs orbfdarbs sb
nfl dbdmofda f ef hûsmof, ef prasf, ef pmlturf a ef bsoueturf1 Fe hblas bl
bsas ofhpas smbhprb nfy fegumbl qub db vbz bl ouflda rahpb oal ef
halatalèf.
Hb hfltblga `mbl ebkas db eas pabtfs. Ouflda vmvèf bl tugurmas la brf
tfl cæome9 sb pfsf`fl be dèf onmsharrbflda y `b`míldasb hm obrvbzf.
Fegulas db eas pabtfs brfl `fstfltb oalaomdas, pbra brf mlorbèèb ea huona
qub blvmdmf`fl y sb qubkf`fl db oufequmbr pabtf qub tuvmbrf subrtb. _b
supalèf qub tblèfl qub bsorm`mr pfef`rfs sf`mfs, oal gfrrf y frraka, pbra la
brfl hæs qub ulas gmempaeefs db trbs fe oufrta, lm smqumbrf sf`èfl `b`br, ebs
ofèf `f`f par ef oahmsurf db eas ef`mas, sb hflonf`fl efs ofhmsfs, sb
hfrbf`fl oal ul pfr db `b`mdfs, vahmtf`fl y dbspatrmof`fl. _b hbtèfl oal
tada be hulda y bstay sbgura db qub tfh`míl ea nfoèfl oalhmga ouflda la
bstf`f dbefltb. La hb sbltèf fhblfzfda. Ea pbar brf ouflda sb hfronf`fl;
dbkf`fl sus hfefs vm`rfomalbs db`fka db ef fecah`rf, bl efs pbrsmflfs y par

tadfs pfrtbs, y f vbobs tfrdf`f ula a das dèfs bl sbltmrhb `mbl db lubva.
_ml mr hæs ebkas;
-Bs ul onupfpaeefs kudèa mtfemfla y su hukbr bstæ bl be hflmoahma.
-^ bs tfl ræofla qub ouflda oalduob bl `fkfdf fpfgf be hatar y vf bl
pulta hubrta.
-] sb `fkÿ eas pfltfealbs y hb supemoÿ qub sb ef hbtmbrf par be ouea y
hb pmdmÿ qub la sb ea oaltfrf f lfdmb.
-_m cubrf ul nahasbxufe lbgra sbrèf cfhasa. Fsè la tblga cutura.
-Nfgfhas ulf rbvmstf. ±Tmblbs dmlbra1
Zar la nfèfr dbe omroumta db eas rbomtfebs paítmoas. _m dfs rbomtfebs pfrf
pfgfr be fequmebr, pfsb, pbra huonas ea nfobl par vflmdfd, sml oa`rfr lfdf.
_m nu`mbrf qubrmda bstfr sa`rb ul bsoblfrma nf`rèf smda fotar. F qumblbs nfl
vblmda
pabhfs fbl`b`brsb hmFpbstf
pûèmoa. obrvbzff ebs nb dmona Nb
lfromsmsha. ea paoa
vmsta qub hb gustf
f huonas rbomtfr
pbtmhbtrbs
obobfr sus vbrsas ormstfemlas, quí peahfza, y be pûèmoa bs tfl grms oaha eas
ebotarbs; ul puöfda db hubrtas hftflda ulf laonb hubrtf.
-An, la, @uiawsim, tb bqumvaofs. Eas travfdarbs m`fl par efs ofeebs
bltrbtblmblda f ef gbltb.
-±_b tb nf aourrmda pblsfr qub tfe vbz cubrfl hbdmaorbs1
-Zbra, tèa, ±db quí vfs1 ¡Brfl hfdrmgfebs! ¡Ofltas dbe oarfzÿl! Eas
pabtfs sal mgufebs. ¡Cfetfl pabtfs! Lbobsmtfhas hæs pabtfs, bl efs ofeebs,
bl ea feta db efs haltföfs, bl tadfs pfrtbs.
_upalga qub bscarzfrsb bl bsb sbltmda tmblb ombrtfs rboahpblsfs. Bl
ulf cmbstf dbspuís db ul rbomtfe qub dm bl be sur, bl ofsf dbe pracb qub ea
nf`èf argflmzfda, hb bstf`f `b`mblda ef oapf db fegumbl pfrf vfrmfr ouflda
be pracb sb hb fobroÿ.
-] `mbl, @uiawsim, ±ouæe qumbrbs1
-±Tbb rbcmbrbs f efs hukbrbs1
-±T
-_è, fsè bs ef naspmtfemdfd surböf.
Nf`èf ulfs 62 a 0: hukbrbs bl ef nf`mtfomÿl. Boní ul vmstfza ræpmda y,
pblsflda qub hb fyudfrèf f sfevfr hm hfedmtf fehf ul paoa, bebgè f ulf
hukbr hfyar qub m`f db raka, blsböf`f efs pmbrlfs, bstf`f pmltfrrfkbfdf b
m`f nfstf be ouea.
-Hb qubda oal ef fùbef -eb dmkb.

-±Vuí1 ¡La kadfs! @ubla, bs tadf tuyf…
La sí oÿha, pbra oarrmÿ ef vaz. Ef fùbef bstf`f nfèflda oal ul tmpa.
Hb hmrÿ, salrmÿ y hb sfeudÿ. _alrbè y eb gumöí ul aka. Hb harèf db gflfs
db blvaevbrhb eas nubvas oal bsb vbstmda raka.
Bltalobs sb hb fobroÿ ulf ru`mf fetf. Tblèf ef tbz db oaear hfrcme, eas
rfsgas hfrofdas, akas vbrdb asoura, ul oubrpfza, brf hmstbrmasf, kavbl, fn,
tada bsa, y sb hb fobroÿ hmbltrfs mlcef`f eas pbonas blarhbs.
-±Bl sbrma tb vfs f qubdfr oal bsf1 -dmka.
-An, sè, hfhæ, eb vay f grf`fr hms mlmomfebs bl efs lfegfs.
-¡MDMATF! -hb bspbtÿ, y sb efrgÿ pfrf nfèfr oal ul bstudmfltb kavbl db
pbea lbgra y db oubeea cmla y dbemofda qub pfrboèf mloemlfrsb nfomf dbefltb
oal bscubrza par ef fgalèf qub orbèf sucrmr. Ef ru`mf brf qumbl sbgurfhbltb
sb tmrf`fpbra
paeefs, f tadas eas pabtfs
eb nf`èf fgufdadbefefcmbstf.
omudfdF avbobs
tfe vbz saea
vfeb ef ef qubdfr
pblf onupf`f hæs
ul rbomtfe,
mloeusa par 2:: dÿefrbs hæs gfstas…
Ea oufe hb rboubrdf qub durfltb ef ípaof qub vmfkf`f oal hm nftmeea y
hm ofdf vbz hæs grubsa cfka db pabhfs, oalaoè f atras db hm bstmrpb. F
vbobs sb m`fl ouflda ya eebgf`f a vmobvbrsf. Dmas hèa, m`fl tfl
zfrrfpfstrasas oaha ya, oal ef hmshf bxprbsmÿl rb`bedb y f`ftmdf. Bsa hb
nfoèf pblsfr qub tblèfl cutura. Nfobhas ea qub padbhas, pblsí, bs ul
trf`fka dura y ea sf`bhas. Fegulas db beeas bsorm`èfl pabhfs qub grmtf`fl
y frrmbsgf`fl, qub mltbltf`fl f`rmrsb pfsa bl fegulf dmrboomÿl. Las
vbldèfhas fe hbkar pastar sml fpblfs pasm`memdfdbs, trftæ`fhas db
hfltblbrlas `mbl ebkas db efs cæ`rmofs y eas tûlbebs db efvfda, mloeusa db
eas hflmoahmas. Pboubrda qub kusta fltbs db qub ef subrtb oahblzfrf f
salrbèrhb ul paoa, peflbí ftrfofr vfrmas `floas. Bs huona hbkar qub tb
caeeb ulf hukbr hfyar vbstmdf db raka… Ea qub qumbra dbomr bs qub fegulas
db eas bsormtarbs qub bhpbzfral oal huy ùbl pmb, dmgfhas qub oal be
hmsha frraka qub _nfpmra bl S-Ebttbr, fnarf carhfl pfrtb dbe smstbhf, eas
nfl dmgbrmda, oalqumstfda y rbduomda f lfdf. Dfl oefsbs, sal pabtfs
rbsmdbltbs. Smstbl oal bebgflomf. La pmbrdbl ef ofehf. Zbra sus orbfomalbs
sal 4 rubdfs pmlonfdfs y la tmblbl rubdf db rbpubsta bl be hfebtbra lm
gfsaemlf bl be dbpÿsmta. BL_BÖFL ZAB_ÈF, BL_BÖFL F B_OPM@MP
ZAB_ÈF. ±Zar quí sb orbbl ofpfobs db nfobrea1 Bs ul hmstbrma daldb eas
nfyf. ±Oÿha bs pasmèb qub sb vaevmbrfl tfl emstas tfl ræpmda y tfl mdmatfs
tfl ræpmda1 ±Dÿldb orbbl qub vfl1 ±] par quí1 ±] pfrf quí1 Ef rbsmstblomf
bs hæs mhpartfltb qub ef vbrdfd parqub sml rbsmstblomf la nfy vbrdfd qub
vfegf. Ef vbrdfd smglmcmof mr f par tadfs nfstf be cmlfe, y fsè ef hubrtb
cefqubfræ ouflda vblgf f par lasatras.
@ubla, yf nb nfèfda hæs db ef oubltf. Hb pfrbzoa f eas pabtfs qub
saeèfl qubdfrsb bl hm ofsf y vahmtf`fl bl be sacæ. ] hms pfef`rfs saea sal
hæs pfef`rfs bl hbdma db efs pfef`rfs db eas dbhæs. Vubrèf oahbltfrtb qub
tblga ul gftmta lubva. Lbobsmta ul lah`rb. Nf nf`mda grfldbs lah`rbs,
±la orbbs1 Kbccbrs, B. B. Ouhhmlgs, Fudbl, _tbpnbl _pbldbr, Oftuea, Em
Za, Smeeal, Lbrudf, @efib, Oalrfd Fmibl. ] tfh`míl bstæl Bzrf, Earof,
Hmeefy. La sí.
Fn, kadbr, fe cmlfe fof`frí eefhflda «@f`y Cfob Lbesal¹ fe huy of`rÿl
y f tahfr par sfoa.
YF F. D. WmlflsX
07 db kulma db 6=>4

Y…X Orba qub ulf db efs hbkarbs oasfs qub hb nf pfsfda cub qub la
tuvb íxmta oaha bsormtar durfltb huona tmbhpa y trf`fkí dura nfstf eas 2:.
Bsa hb hfltuva
onmsharrbas febkfda
y su hfef db yatras
ebonb, fnarfbsormtarbs y sushb
qub ef subrtb kubgas db sfeÿl
nf salrbèda ul ypaoa
sus
pmblsa sbgumr `mbl ebkas db beeas.
Vub hb ftfqubl ea qub qumbrfl, ya hb dbdmofrí f ea hèa, y la ea nfga
par ef cfhf a ef mlhartfemdfd. Ea nfga parqub tblga qub nfobrea. Ofsm
smbhprb hb smblta `mbl, sa`rb tada crbltb f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr, y tblga
ef mhprbsmÿl db qub efs pfef`rfs sublfl ofdf vbz hbkar. Ombrta a la,
vbrdfdbra a cfesa, hb dbka eebvfr.
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
0 db fgasta db 6=>4

Y…X Ea qub nfs nbona tadas bstas föas par hè y @efoi _pfrraw, efs
trfduoomalbs y be bscubrza par oalsbgumrlas efs hbkarbs oaldmomalbs oaha
fgbltb, bs fega sblomeefhbltb mlorbèèb. Eas das hahbltas hæs fcartulfdas
db hm vmdf cubral ouflda Hfrtml dbomdmÿ puèmofr hm a`rf y tû pfsfstb f sbr
hm trfduotar, fgbltb y fhmga. Tfh`míl rboubrda f Kal Wb``, qumbl puèmoÿ
ulfs bdmomalbs cfsomlfltbs db hms em`ras ouflda brf ul dbsoalaomda. Nfy
pbrsalfs hægmofs bl bstb hulda y, dbsdb eubga, brbs ulf db beefs. Y…X
Hb eebgfl tfltfs trfduoomalbs db tfltas pfèsbs qub yf nb pbrdmda ef
oubltf. ]f la of`bl bl efs bstfltbrèfs. Bstæl dbspbrdmgfdfs par ef fecah`rf.
_b hb nfob rfra pblsfr qub nfy gbltb bl pfèsbs ebkflas ebyblda Hukbrbs,
hukbr, Ef sbldf dbe pbrdbdar, btoítbrf… Hb eebgfl
Cfotÿtuh, _b ùsof ulf hukbr,
ofrtfs db fhar
fustrfemflf db hukbrbs
hb hfldÿ ef eefvb qub
db suvmvbl bl eugfrbs
ofsf. Pbomà ofrtfsrbhatas. Rlfdbhukbr
efrguèsmhfs atrfs
pbrsalfs. Fquè bl Bstfdas Rlmdas nfy kavblomtfs db 6= f 06 föas qub
qumbrbl vblmr f vbrhb. Ebs dmga qub la nfy lfdf qub nfobr. Lfdf bs grftms.
Tada tmblb ul prboma. Ebs sugmbra qub sb caeebl f fegumbl db su bdfd. Y…X
Hfrtml hb nf pbdmda qub nfgf eas dmùkas pfrf ef bdmomÿl bspbomfe db
Gubrrf sml obsfr. Eb nb dmona qub eas dmùkas sfebl dbe hmsha eugfr qub ef
emtbrfturf y qub prbcmbra bsorm`mr. La ea bltmbldb. Fsè qub hb bhàrrfona y
fprmbta eas tuàs db pmlturf sa`rb be pfpbe y eas dbka bl be subea y eas gftas
sb pfsbfl par blomhf. La nfga lfdf par mhpbdèrsbea.

6=>2
Be em`ra rbtmrfda db ef `mèmatbof db Lmkhbgbl, bl eas Zfèsbs @fkas, cub
Brboomalbs, byfouefomalbs, bxnm`momalbs.
YF Nfls vfl dbl @rabiX

00 db blbra db 6=>2

Grfomfs par bsorm`mr pfrf dbomrhb qub nfl rbtmrfda ula db hms em`ras db
ef `mèmatbof db Lmkhbgbl. ] db qub sb ea fousf db dmsormhmlfomÿl rfomfe y
sbxufe. ] db qub bs sædmoa parqub sè, sml hæs.
Ea qub rbfehbltb tbha qub sb dmsormhmlb bs be nuhar y ef vbrdfd.
_m nfèa hfe db eas lbgras, eas nahasbxufebs y efs hukbrbs bs parqub
eas qub oalaoè ea brfl. Nfy dbhfsmfdfs oasfs «hfefs¹; pbrras hfeas, hfef
oblsurf b mloeusa èfloas hfeas, saea qub ouflda bsorm`bs sa`rb eas èfloas
«hfeas¹ lfdmb sb qubkf. ±] nfob cfetf qub dmgf qub nfy lbgras «ùblas¹,
nahasbxufebs «ùblas¹ y hukbrbs «ùblfs¹1
Ouflda bsormà hb emhmta f catagrfcmfr ea qub vba. _m bsormà sa`rb be
«sfdmsha¹ bs parqub bxmstb. La ea nb mlvbltfda ya, y sm lfrra fegûl fota
tbrrmèb bs parqub bsfs oasfs pfsfl bl lubstrfs vmdfs, la bstay db pfrtb dbe
dmfèa, sm bs qub bxmstb. La smbhprb bstay db foubrda oal ea qub suobdb lm
tfhpaoa hb palga f dmcfhfr parqub sè. Bs ourmasa qub qumblbs hb ftfofl
bloaebrmzfdas
bspbrflzf. Oalpfsfl pardbfeta
be pfsa qub tfh`míl
eas föas nb vmvmdanfèa
tada db
tmpaefdbdmonf, be fhar
fetm`fkas, y ef
db euobs
y sah`rfs. _m saea bsorm`mbsb sa`rb efs «euobs¹ y lulof hblomalfrf efs

«sah`rfs¹ sbrèf ul mhpastar.
mhpastar.
Ef oblsurf bs ef nbrrfhmbltf qub bhpebfl qumblbs lbobsmtfl aouetfr ef
vbrdfd. _al mlofpfobs db pefltfreb ofrf f ef rbfemdfd y lm smqumbrf hb of`rba
oal beeas sm la qub hb dfl ulf pblf trbhbldf. Ebs bduofral pfrf
pratbgbrsb db tada ouflta aourrb bl ef vmdf. Ebs blsböfral f hmrfr bl ulf
saef dmrboomÿl ouflda bxmstbl ombltas db dmrboomalbs.
La hb oalstbrlf qub ula db hms em`ras nfyf smda pbrsbgumda y
bemhmlfda db eas bstfltbs db ulf `mèmatbof eaofe. Bl ombrta sbltmda, hb
blargueebob nf`br bsormta fega qub nf dbspbrtfda f fegulas db su ebtfrga.
Zbra sè qub hb dubeb ouflda sb oblsurfl em`ras db atras bsormtarbs parqub
subebl sbr em`ras qub vfebl ef pblf y bsas em`ras bsofsbfl, sal em`ras qub oal
be tmbhpa sb oalvmbrtbl bl oeæsmoas, y ea qub bl ulf ípaof sb oalsmdbrf`f
bsofldfeasa
La dmga bqub
mlharfe fnarf
hm em`ra sbfbsula
db eboturf aèmgftarmf
db bsas, smla qubblblefs ulmvbrsmdfdbs.
bstas tmbhpas qub
oarrbl, bl bstas hahbltas qub `mbl padrèfl sbr eas ûetmhas pfrf huonas db
lasatras, rbsuetf hartmcmofltb y dbprmhbltb qub tadfvèf nfyf pbrsalfs
hbzqumlfs, ofzfdarbs db `rukfs y lbgfdarbs db ef rbfemdfd. _ml bh`frga,
bxmstbl, carhfl pfrtb dbe tada, y sm la nb bsormta sa`rb beeas tfe vbz db`brèf
nfobrea, oaha fquè, y bsa yf hb `fstf.
akfeæ qub f tadas
tada s las vfyf hbkar.
hbkar.
YF F. D. WmlflsX
00 db cb`rbra db 6=>2

Y…X Ea db qub dbkbs be trf`fka f eas 2:, pubs la sí quí dbomrtb. ]a tuvb
qub nfobrea. Hb daeèf tada be oubrpa, hb brf mhpasmèb ebvfltfr eas `rfzas.
_m fegumbl hb taof`f, sbltèf pmlonfzas db daear mltblsa. Bstf`f fof`fda.
Hb nf`èfl ofstmgfda ef hbltb y be oubrpa durfltb díofdfs. ] la tblèf lfdf
fnarrfda, hb ea gfstf`f tada bl `b`mdf pfrf bvfdmrhb. Dbomdè qub hb mrèf
hbkar ef vmdf db mldmgbltb. Bl sbrma. Be cml bstf`f obrof. Be ûetmha dèf bl
Oarrbas, ouflda yf hb m`f, ul tmpa dmka; «Nfy qub sbr vfembltb pfrf dbkfr be
trf`fka f tu bdfd.¹ Zbra la sf`èf lm ouæltas föas tblèf. Eas föas pfsf`fl y
la hb bltbrf`f db lfdf, kadbr.
_è, tblèf hmbda. Hmbda db la gflfrhb ef vmdf oaha bsormtar. Be fequmebr,
ef hflutblomÿl db hm nmkf. Ef oahmdf hb df`f mgufe. @b`èf y tboebf`f.
Bsorm`è hm prmhbrf lavbef (Ofrtbra) bl 6= laonbs. @b`èf obrvbzf y wnmsiy
y hb pfsf`f be dèf bl pfltfealbs oartas. Cuhf`f puras `frftas y bsouonf`f
ef rfdma. Bsorm`èf rbeftas gufrras pfrf efs rbvmstfs parla. Hb sbrvèf pfrf
pfgfr be fequmebr y tfh`míl pfrf qub huonas hb dmkbrfl qub admf`f f efs
hukbrbs. Gflf`f paquèsmha dmlbra, pbra sa`rbvmvèf. Bhpboí f dfr rbomtfebs
ofsm bl oaltrf db hm vaeultfd, pbra lbobsmtf`f be dmlbra. Cub ulf ípaof huy
oalcusf, db àrrfonbrf bl àrrfonbrf, pbra tuvb subrtb. ] bsorm`è y bsorm`è y
bsorm`è, hb blofltf`f dfreb f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. Brf ulf euonf dmfrmf. ]
hb eebvf`f `mbl oal eas ofsbras. Zblsf`fl qub bstf`f eaoa. M`f f
bhàrrfonfrhb oal beeas f hbluda. Tblèfl ulf lbvbrf eeblf db emtralfs db
Bfstsmdb. Las sapeæ`fhas efs emtralfs nfstf efs 4 db ef hföflf, ofltflda
oflomalbs db eas föas 0: y ?:.
-Bstæs eaoa -hb dboèf ef ofsbrf-, hmrf qub dbkfr be trf`fka bl Oarrbas.
-] fnarf sfebs oal bsf oaegfdf. _f`bs qub bstæ oaegfdf, ±la1 -hb dboèf
be ofsbra.
Fn, tfh`míl gflf`f dmbz dÿefrbs f ef sbhflf par bsorm`mr ef oaeuhlf
«Bsormtas db ul vmbka mldbobltb¹. ] bsas dmbz dÿefrbs df`fl pfrf huona.
La ea sí, F. D., la sí oÿha ea oalsbguè. Ef `b`mdf fyudf`f. Tadfvèf
fyudf. ] hb blofltf`f bsorm`mr, BE _ALMDA DB EF HÆVRMLF DB
B_OPM@MP. F vbobs orba qub ea ûlmoa qub hb gustf`f brf be salmda db ef
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr. ] ef `b`mdf, obrvbzf oal soaton, fe efda db ef hæqumlf.
] bloaltrfr oaemeefs fpfgfdfs, blobldbrefs àrrfona y qubhfrhb ef lfrmz.
La qubrèf DBHA_TPFP qub brf ul bsormtar db vbrdfd, smla qub dmscrutf`f
bsorm`mblda.
Ef subrtb smgumÿ salrmíldahb y la dbkí db bsorm`mr. Efs hukbrbs brfl
ofdf vbz hæs kÿvblbs y hæs bxmgbltbs. Fegulas bsormtarbs oahblzfral f
admfrhb. Huonas smgubl admældahb, mloeusa hæs qub fltbs. Vuí hæs df.
Ea mhpartfltb bs qub la harè bl Oarrbas. ±_bgurmdfd1 ±_bgurmdfd pfrf
quí1

YF Kanl HfrtmlX
Kulma db 6=>2

Tb nfs gflfda ef vmdf oal ef bdmtarmfe, nfs puèmofda ea qub tb df`f ef
gflf, tfe vbz la tflta fe prmlompma parqub nfoèfs ofsa f emtbrftas f qumblbs
saea ebs mhpartf`f be prbstmgma, pbra ofdf vbz nfs frrmbsgfda hæs y tb nfs
sfemda oal ef tuyf grfomfs fe mlstmlta y bstmea pbrsalfebs. Ea qub vbldb la
smbhprb bs ùbla y ea qub la vbldb f vbobs bs hbdmaorb (y la ulf carhf
frtèstmof mloahprbldmdf). Nfy huonfs vfrmfltbs pasmèbs. Zfrf dmrmgmr `mbl
ulf bhprbsf nfob cfetf tblbr aka y dmcbrblomfr eas gblmas db eas sapefpaeefs.
Tb ea ourrfs oal ulf blbrgèf qub dbkf pfshfdas f eas dbkfdas y vfgas qub
pmblsfl qub efs oasfs eebgfl sml bscubrza.
Tb ormtmofl
db sfemr parqub
fdbefltb9 oalsmgubsbs sfemr
su blvmdmf crutafdbefltb
db ulfouflda beeasdbpearfèb.
db`memdfd sal mlofpfobs
Tû
oaltmlûfs oal ea tuya hmbltrfs beeas dbspatrmofl par sus dbsgrfomfs, qub sb
db`bl f su pbrbzf f`saeutf y f ulf cfetf db fgfeefs mlorbèèb.
Nfobs db bdmtar, ebotar db hflusormtas, rbofudfdar, puèmomstf, y sf`b
Dmas quí hæs, hmbltrfs bsouonfs f eas Grfldbs Bsormtarbs efhbltfrsb par
tbeícala sa`rb oufequmbr trmvmfemdfd, sa`rb eas praèbhfs db trbs fe oufrta
qub prbaoupfl f tada `mona vmvmbltb pbra qub pfrf beeas sal ulf trfgbdmf
parqub sal gblmas sblsmèbs, bebgmdas par ef grfomf dmvmlf.
Nfobs tu trf`fka db putf hfdrb, pbra hb haebstf, fulqub f tm la tb
haebstb, qub ofsm lfdmb nfyf rboalaomda tu efàr durfltb tadas bstas föas.
Hb ftrbvbrèf f dbomr qub bl trbs díofdfs nfs puèmofda ul oalkulta db em`ras
sml pfrflgÿl bl ef nmstarmf bdmtarmfe db Bstfdas Rlmdas. ±] qumíl tb ea
fgrfdbob1 La bs qub ea lbobsmtbs, pbra ya sè qub ea lbobsmta pfrf tm. Zrbcmbra
qub eas Ofhpbalbs la pfsbl dbsfpbrom`mdas.
Be praèbhf bs qub nfs bstfda tfl aoupfda qub la tb nfs dbdmofda f mr f
cmbstfs lm f `bsfr be ouea db eas hbdmas y eas pracbsarbs ulmvbrsmtfrmas qub tb
hbtbrèfl db eebla bl su oèrouea fladmla y hartècbra.
La tb prbaoupbs, pralta tmrfræl ef @ah`f, y sm la ea nfobl, tus eagras
sfedræl
f ef euz, @efoi _pfrraw,
_pfrraw, hfrfvmeeasa of`ralfza.
Eas em`ras qub @uiawsim hblomalf f oaltmlufomÿl sal Ofhmla f Eas

Ælgbebs y Be vmla db ef kuvbltud, qub @efoi _pfrraw Zrbss puèmoÿ
pÿstuhfhbltb bl 6=>2.
YF Kayob CfltbX
6> db dmombh`rb db 6=>2

_mblta qub hb prbgultfrfs par be em`ra db Kanl9 hb nb pfsfda vfrmas
dèfs y laonbs pblsflda oÿha oaltbstfrtb y la hb qubdf atrf qub dbomrtb
qub la hb gustÿ, lm tfhpaoa be smgumbltb.
Bs pasmèb
dmvbrtmda, pbrahastrfrsb
bsas das rbloarasa
em`ras hboal bstmea hfe
dbkfral y tfh`míl
sfàr sbr ul fhfrgfda
db àof. Ofusfr
bstrfgas la bstæ hfe sm mhpemof ombrtf vfebltèf, pbra ofusfr bstrfgas sml hæs,
parqub sè, pubs la sí, bsa pfsf f dmfrma bl lubstrfs vmdfs, bl efs futapmstfs y
bl eas ofeebkalbs db lubstrfs mdfs y vblmdfs y bspbrfs.
Kanl cub hm prmlompfe mlceublomf emtbrfrmf kulta oal Oíemlb, Dastambvsim y
_nbrwaad Fldbrsal, y bsorm`mÿ fegulas db eas em`ras hæs bhatmvas db eas
tmbhpas hadbrlas, pbra orba qub nf`rèf smda hbkar la puèmofr bstas das
em`ras. Zadrèf bqumvaofrhb, oefra bstæ. Huonfs vbobs hb bqumvaoa.
Oalaobr f hm nírab (sm hb pbrhmtbs qub ea eefhb fsè) fe cmlfe db su vmdf
y bl omroulstflomfs db ea hæs daearasfs cub trmstb y hfrfvmeeasa f ef vbz. ]
bspbra qub ea paoa qub nfèí oal Kanl eb fyudfrf bl hbdma db fqube
tbrrmèb mlcmbrla.
_mbhprb rboardfrí Zrbgûltfeb fe paeva, pfrf hè ef hbkar lavbef db
tadas eas tmbhpas, ulf lavbef qub sbgurfhbltb hb sfevÿ ef vmdf, par sm
smrvb db fega.
Lfdmb bsorm`b ulf a`rf hfbstrf trfs atrf, bs mhpasmèb. Kanl bstuva huy
obrof db oalsbgumrea. Smvmstb oal ul nah`rb fhfrgfda qub supbrÿ bsf
fhfrgurf grfomfs f ul fhar qub tböèf y eeblf`f y trflscarhf`f ofdf pfef`rf
bl ul hmefgra mlaevmdfèb qub dboèf
sè f pbsfr db tada
sè par tada
qub dboèf
sè sè sè
y qub oaltmluf`f dmomíldaea mloeusa ouflda ea oalaoè harmùlda.

Lulof nf`ræ atra Kanl Cfltb…
Brf ul ùeedag oal oarfzÿl bl be mlcmbrla.

6=>3
Iurt Lmhha puèmoÿ ef pabsèf db @uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf Zeflbt Dbtramt bl
6=>2, fsè oaha be em`rmta Pbebltebss fs tnb Tfr
Tfrfltuef
fltuef bl 6=>3.
YF Iurt LmhhaX
? db hfrza db 6=>3

_mblta qub Hfrtml sbf oaha ulf pbsfdmeef y la tb dbkb trflqumea. _ay su
hbkar `fzf y pmbrdb eas pfpbebs sm fegumbl puèmof vfrmas pabhfs hèas sml
qub íe ea sbpf. Nmomstb ul ùbl trf`fka oal Y Pbebltebss fs tnbX Tfrfltuef y
orba qub eas pabhfs la bstæl lfdf hfe, ul pfr db beeas sal rbfehbltb
bxobpomalfebs. Bl sbrma, hb febgra db qub eas puèmofrfs…
Hfrtml tmblb hmebs db pabhfs hèas, hmebs y hmebs, qub nf mda fpmeflda
durfltb ulas 0: föas. Zadrèf sfofr 2 a 3 a 7 em`ras db pabsèf y tadas eas
pabhfs sbrèfl ùblas. La pfra db bsorm`mr.
bsorm`mr.
Hfrtml rbtrfsf be smgumbltb em`ra f pastf pfrf qub eas ebotarbs sb palgfl
flsmasas, dmob qub be Oaralbe Zfribr nfoèf ea hmsha oal Bevms Zrbseby,
rbtrfsf`f eas bstrblas pfrf qub ef gbltb bstuvmbrf hæs bxpbotfltb. Sfyf
hmbrdf db pbeèouefs. Zfrf hè bsa la bs rbtrfsfr.
rbtrfsfr.
Hfrtml y ya bhpbzfhas hæs a hblas f ef vbz y eb say ebfe9 par atra
efda, bs pasmèb qub la dmrmgmbrf ef bdmtarmfe sm la cubrf par hè.
vmlaDbtbsta
y dfreb bstas kubgubomtas… oal Hfrtml. Ea ûlmoa qub qumbra bs `b`br
f ef tboef.
Hb blvmÿ ulf oapmf db ef ofrtf qub tb bsorm`mÿ. ±F quí vmla bltalobs ef

eefhfdf tbebcÿlmof qub tb nmza1
Hfrtml sb a`sbsmalf hæs db ef oubltf oal tadf bstf hmbrdf, kadbr.
Zuèmofstb eas pabhfs parqub tb gustf`fl, bsa bs tada. Fdbhæs, rbgfefs
bkbhpefrbs f eas susormptarbs… ¡Dmrèf qub la bstæs trftflda db fof`fr oal be
mhpbrma db Hfrtml!
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
2 db hfrza db 6=>3

Sfyf hmbrdf.
hmbrdf
Bhpmbza .
f dfrhb oubltf db qub @efoi _pfrraw saea puèmof ea qub eb df
ef gflf.
Tmblbs ombltas y ombltas db pabhfs hèas sml puèmofr.
Hb smblta oaha ul hala db omroa bl ulf kfuef qub fotûf par ardbl
tuyf.
Tus flsmfs db `blbcmomas hb fgatfl y dbsgfstfl.
_mgubs rbtrfsflda ef puèmofomÿl db eas em`ras ouflda bstæ oefra qub eas
ebotarbs qumbrbl hæs.
Hm ebfetfd nfomf tm bhpbzÿ db hflbrf kustf.
Ea ûlmoa qub qumbra bs tboebfr, kadbr. ] saea dbkfs qub ef gbltb vbf ulf
sbxtf pfrtb db ea qub bsormà.
Bsta bs ulf tarturf. Hb bstæs hftflda bl vmdf.
Lmlgûl atra pabtf sb nf vmsta tfl emhmtfda oaha ya.
YF Wmeemfh ZfoifrdX
07 db hfrza db 6=>3

Fofà db rbom`mr be lûhbra 0= db L]V y nb vmsta qub nfs puèmofda

ulas oufltas pabhfs hèas. Nfobs qub hb smbltf oaha B. B. Ouhhmlgs b
mloeusa ul paoa oaha Bzrf, y Em Za y ya `b`bhas vmla fnarf y las
sbltmhas hbkar qub lulof9 hb gustf qub efs pfef`rfs sb bstfhpbl bl be
pfpbe, la oaha efs bstfhpf`f Nbhmlgwfy, smla oaha sm cubrfl frföfzas bl
be nmbea foahpföfdas db ulfs oufltfs ùblfs ofrofkfdfs.
Grfomfs par fpastfr par hè. Bstay sbgura db qub bl huonas oèroueas
pmblsfl qub la say paítmoa, ea oufe, par supubsta, hb rbgaomkf.
@ubla… nuhh…, tb fdkulta vfrmas pabhfs hæs, fulqub sí qub yf
tmblbs huonas. _m L]V la nu`mbrf fpfrbomda bl hm vmdf nf`rèf pra`fda
atrfs rbvmstfs, pbra hb smblta tfl f gusta qub tb blvèa tadas eas pabhfs f tm
prmhbra, pbra la tb smbltfs aèmgfda f fobptfreas… _m hb eas dbvubevbs eas
blvmfrí f atrfs rbvmstfs, tblga dÿldb bebgmr.
Ef subrtb
`mbl…, vmvè tfrdÿ díofdfshfla
db prmhbrf bl eefhfr f hm pubrtf
eas trf`fkas db yhmbrdf
orba qub
y bsa
efs hb vmla
hukbrbs
praèbhætmofs hmbltrfs ebèf f eas grfldbs bsormtarbs y la fprbldèf ofsm lfdf.
Ouflda trf`fkfs pfrf atra y brbs bsoefva db su dmlbra ef hfyar pfrtb db ef
emtbrfturf la oalvblob. Zar supubsta, ef kuvbltud tb nfob pblsfr qub brbs
huona hbkar db ea qub rbfehbltb brbs. Fe prmlompma, mhmtf`f f _frayfl y f
Nbhmlgwfy y ul paoa f _nbrwaad Fldbrsal. Fe ofà db ul tmbhpa dbkÿ db
gustfrhb _frayfl parqub la ofh`mf`f efs omroulstflomfs y Nbhmlgwfy
parqub eb cfetf`f nuhar. _nbrwaad Fldbrsal smgub gustældahb bl
tírhmlas gblbrfebs. Eb nf`rèf ofèda `mbl f Em Za.
Nuà ulf ípaof bl ef qub dbkí db bsorm`mr y eb dm f ef `b`mdf y f efs
hukbrbs, sustmtuèfl f ef orbfomÿl emtbrfrmf y ofsm fof`fral oalhmga9 bstf`f
prbpfrfda pfrf bsa, pbra la eebgÿ f pfsfr, y fulqub la bsorm`èf bstf`f
fouhueflda sml sf`brea nmstarmfs bxtrföfs y feaofdfs qub ul daotarflda bl
emtbrfturf kfhæs nf`rèf bloaltrfda. Fegulfs pbrsalfs `mblmltblomalfdfs hb
nfl dmona; «Tada be hulda sucrb¹, y smbhprb ebs dmga; «Lfdmb sucrb oaha
eas pa`rbs¹, y fsè hb em`ra db beeas.
Ea qub bsorm`mhas bs be rbsuetfda db ea qub nbhas vmvmda oal be pfsa db
eas föas. Bs ulf bxobebltb nubeef db qumblbs sahas. Ea qub yf nbhas
bsormta la smrvb lfdf, ea qub oubltf bs ef smgumbltb pfef`rf. ] qub la sb tb
aourrf lmlgulf pfef`rf la qumbrb dbomr qub sbfs vmbka, smla qub bstæs
hubrta. La pfsf lfdf, tadas harmrbhas, pbra, oaha tada be hulda, bspbra
ul fpefzfhmblta. Atra caema bl ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr `fka ef eæhpfrf

ofembltb, `b`mblda vmla, blobldmblda oaemeefs fpfgfdfs hmbltrfs bl ef pefltf
`fkf hm hukbr ayb rumdas y la sf`b sm bstay eaoa a àrrfona. Lulof eb
blsböa lm nfèa sa`rb ea qub bsormà. Ouflda ef subrtb hb salrèb y puèmofl
ul em`ra hèa, hb foubsta, ea eba, la dmga lfdf y sb ea pfsa. Ea ebb y hb
nfob fegûl oahbltfrma, paof oasf. Fsè ea nfl qubrmda eas dmasbs. Bs ulf
vmdf qub bstæ hæs feeæ db oufequmbr oalsmdbrfomÿl hartfe y harfe. Bs ea qub
nfy, la qubdf atrf. ] ouflda hm bsqubebta dbsoflsb bl be ftfûd, sm bs qub
tblga ula, la nf`ræ lfdf qub hb frrb`ftb efs hfglècmofs laonbs qub nb
pfsfda crbltb f ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr.
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
00 db fgasta db 6=>3

Y…X Hb nb pmhpefda ulf àtbeef ofsm bltbrf db vmla èfloa crèa bl 62
hmlutas. La hb qubdf`f atrf, sb ofembltf blsbgumdf. Be em`ra lubva, ]au
Gbt _a Fealb ft Tmhbs Tnft Mt Kust Hfibs _blsb , hb gustf `fstfltb. La bs
mlhartfe pbra tb rèbs, ±la1 @fr`bt sb pfsÿ par fquè y vma efs ofkfs db ofrtÿl
eeblfs db pabhfs.
-Kadbr, ±nfs bsormta tada bsa1 -dmka.
-Bstb föa -rbspaldè.
-±Hfrtml bemgb eas hbkarbs pabhfs1
-Bsa bspbra…
Ef hfyarèf db eas pabtfs bemgbl eas pabhfs qub puèmofl. ]a say
dbhfsmfda vfga. Fdbhæs, sm hb pusmbrf f bebgmr pabhfs pbrdbrèf ul tmbhpa
prbomasa pfrf bsorm`mr pabhfs lubvas. Rla db eas grfldbs sborbtas db
Hfrtml bs qub tmblb HMEB_ DB ZABHF_ GRFPDFDA_. La vmvmræ pfrf
puèmofreas tadas. Hm a`rf tmblb ul taqub db eaourf, pbra ofsm lulof bsormà
ouflda la hb fpbtbob nfobrea. Ef vbrdfd bs qub hb gustfrèf qub Hfrtml
puèmofrf eas pabhfs hæs pfsfdas db vubetfs. Eas qub bemgb hb dfl ombrta
fmrb saebhlb.
Db`brèf vaevbr f bsorm`mr rbeftas, kadbr. Bs ulf carhf hæs em`rb. Ea qub
pfsf bs qub saea bsormà oubltas ouflda hb smblta `mbl y nfob tmbhpa qub
la hb smblta `mbl, fsè qub la pfra db bsorm`mr pabhfs y hæs pabhfs… _m
la cubrf par bsf væevuef db bsofpb sbrèf ul sumomdf a hb bstfrèf palmblda
nfstf be ouea db pfstmeefs bl be hflmoahma hæs obrofla.

6=>>
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
3 db kuema db 6=>>

Y…X La pfrfl db sfemrhb pabhfs, y bsa qub tblga oælobr db pmbe, y la
hb dbkfl fof`fr ef lavbef. F vbobs saea ef `b`mdf y eas pabhfs fyudfl f
rbsaevbr ulf smtufomÿl a smtufomalbs vfrmfs.
Say par ef pægmlf 67? db ef lavbef Y Naeeywaad
NaeeywaadX, ef ofrpbtf oal
sukbtfpfpbebs bstæ f pulta db rbvbltfr. Orba qub la bstæ hfe dbe tada,
fulqub sm sb fof`f puèmoflda bs pasmèb qub hb hbtf bl praèbhfs. Zbra
eas trmùlfebs vfl tfl db ouea qub f vbobs ul ofsa pubdb tfrdfr 2 a 3 föas
bl obeb`rfrsb, y hmbltrfs tflta eas fàgfdas blgardfl y sb carrfl y eas
oembltbs sb vubevbl eaoas.
Ef rbvmstf Gfrgayeb eebvf tmbhpa puèmoældasb, fulqub ofsm tada ea qub
sfofl bs oalvblomalfe y eb cfetf gfrrf. Be bdmtar, Kfy DYaugnbrtyX, dmob qub
eb nfs blvmfda ulf bltrbvmstf db prmhbrf y tblga gflfs db vbr quí sb tb nf
aourrmda bstf vbz. _mbhprb hb nfl gustfda tus pultas db vmstf sa`rb ef vmdf.
_è, Hfdrmgfebs Ydb ef pblsmÿlX bstæ `mbl, pbra prbcmbra ea qub bsormà
fnarf, bs db ulf oefrmdfd hæs purf. Hb `fstf sbgumr dældaeb f efs tboefs db
eas oakalbs, bsa bs tada ea qub lbobsmta.
YF Ofre WbmsslbrX
3 db lavmbh`rb db 6=>>

Y…X _è, fof`í Naeeywaad. Bstay oaltblta oal be rbsuetfda. Nfy pfsfkbs
pfrf pfrtmrsb be ouea. Hb gustf tflta oaha oufequmbrf db hms em`ras. Zbra,
oefra, ul bsormtar bs be pbar kubz db su prapma trf`fka. Hb ea pfsí `mbl, cub
ul bemxmr, ul tÿlmoa, parqub nf`èf huonfs oasfs qub hb oarraèfl y ef
hæqumlf db bsorm`mr brf hm hbkar væevuef db bsofpb, hb pbrhmtèf pfsfr db ef
asourmdfd db hmbrdf hæs f`saeutf f ulf pbluh`rf hæs sapartfèb, fulqub
bstf`f bsorm`mblda ulf nmstarmf tbrrarècmof. F vbobs, ouflda pfrbob qub la
nfy bspbrflzf, tada blofkf f ef pbrcboomÿl.
Zrbcmbra hme vbobs bsorm`mr ouflda hb smblta cbemz y ea nfga ouflda
tblga ef subrtb db sbltmrhb fsè. La orba qub be daear smrvf db mlspmrfomÿl
frtèstmof. Nfy dbhfsmfda daear. Zadbhas vmvmr pbrcbotfhbltb sml íe. _m las
dbkf,Bloefra.
ouflta f @urraugns, lulof tbrhmlÿ db oalvblobrhb, y smblta qub
nfyf dbkfda db mltbrbsfrtb. Tada bsb grupa, Gmls`brg, Oarsa, @urraugns y
eas dbhæs dbkfral db mltbrbsfrhb nfob yf huona. _m bsorm`bs parqub
qumbrbs sbr cfhasa ef bstæs ofgflda. La bs qub hb vfyfl efs larhfs, pbra
tblga ulf `mbl oefrf; eas ûlmoas bsormtarbs qub ea nfobl `mbl sal eas qub
bsorm`bl pfrf la bleaqubobr.

6==:
Nblry Nugnbs puèmoÿ ouftra pabhfs db @uiawsim bl ef rbvmstf _yofharb
Pbvmbw bl 6==: y 6==6.
YF Nblry NugnbsX
6? db sbptmbh`rb db 6==:

Hb febgra db qub fobptfrfs ul pfr db pabhfs.
Tblga 7: föas pbra bstfrí bl ef gearmf sm be vmla tmlta smgub ceuyblda y
ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr culomalf. Hb ea pfsf`f `mbl ouflda bsorm`èf rbeftas
a`soblas pfrf efs rbvmstfs parla pfrf pfgfr be fequmebr y smga pfsældahbea
`mbl f pbsfr db eas pbemgras db ef cfhf y be dmlbra… y bsas pfsas ofdf vbz
hæs obroflas db ef hubrtb. Nb dmscrutfda db ef euonf db ef vmdf y ef dbkfrí
sml rbhardmhmbltas.
Hæs db ulf vbz nb dmona qub bsorm`mr bs ulf blcbrhbdfd. Hb febgra db
nf`brhb oaltfgmfda. Ofdf vbz qub bltra bl bstb bstudma y hmra ef hæqumlf
db bsorm`mr smblta qub fega bl fegulf pfrtb, ulas dmasbs bxtrföas a fega
mllah`rfèb, hb nf oalcbrmda ul dal hfrfvmeeasa qub pbrdurf y pbrdurf.
An, sè.
YF eas bdmtarbs db ef Lartn Oaearfda Pbvmbw X

62 db sbptmbh`rb db 6==:

Y…X Sba
Sba qub sb trftf db ulf rbvmstf ulmvbrsmtfrmf pbra bl vubstrf ofrtf be
tala brf huy nuhfla. Db tadas hadas, hb nb dfda oubltf db qub bl eas
ûetmhas das föas fegulfs puèmofomalbs ulmvbrsmtfrmfs sal hæs prapblsfs f
frrmbsgfr y dmsorbpfr bl efs mdbfs qub prahuegfl. Sfhas, pfrbob qub sfebl
dbe smgea ^M^ fnarf qub eebgfhas fe ^^M. Rlf sböfe db ea hæs
bspbrflzfdarf.
_è, sí f quí as rbcbrès. Zfrbob qub eas bsormtarbs nfl pbrdmda be lartb,
bsorm`bl pfrf dfrsb f oalaobr y la parqub bstíl fe àrdb db ef
dbsbspbrfomÿl. Pboubrda f Zauld, T. _. Bemat, B. B. Ouhhmlgs, Kbccbrs,
Fudbl y _pbldbr.bxpeasmalbs.
foaltbomhmbltas, _us pfef`rfsBemlobldmf`fl
bltusmfsha efs pægmlfs.blEas
sb pfepf`f pabhfs
be fmrb. brfl
Durfltb
efs díofdfs smgumbltbs nf nf`mda ulf ofehf f`saeutf, ulf ofehf db ea hæs
fladmlf, oaha sm be fùrrmhmblta cubrf smlÿlmha db gblmfemdfd. _m fpfrboèf
fegumbl oal tfeblta fpblfs brf ul dbstbeea, ulas oufltas pabhfs, ul em`rmta,
y eubga ea emhf`fl y dmgbrèfl nfstf qub dbsfpfrboèf. Vub eas bsormtarbs oal
tfeblta la fgufltbl eas bh`ftbs db ef vmdf bs ul hfedmta ormhbl. _mglmcmof
qub nfl ofèda bl tadfs efs trfhpfs, sb nfl trfgfda eas beagmas, sb nfl
oalcarhfda oal paoa. Rl bsormtar la bs bsormtar parqub nf bsormta ul
puöfda db em`ras. Rl bsormtar la bs bsormtar parqub blsböf emtbrfturf. Rl
bsormtar saea bs bsormtar sm bsorm`b fnarf, bstf laonb, bl bstb prbomsa mlstfltb.
Nfy dbhfsmfdas bsormtarbs qub tboebfl. Eas em`ras hb fùrrbl y sb hb ofbl
db efs hflas, sal ulf hmbrdf. Orba qub nbhas tmrfda f ef `fsurf hbdma
smgea db emtbrfturf.
Eas oahpasmtarbs oeæsmoas, sè. _mbhprb bsormà oal ef rfdma pubstf y ulf
àtbeef db ul ùbl vmla tmlta. ] cuha omgfrrmeeas nmldûbs (Hflgfearb
Gflbsn). Eas rbhaemlas db nuha, be salmda db efs tboefs y ef hûsmof. Ef
hbkar hflbrf db ùrefrsb db ef hubrtb y db cbemomtfref. _è.

efs Ibvml Pmlg puèmoÿ
qub @uiawsim bl bl
fp frbomÿ
fpfrbomÿ Mlgeftbrrf efs rbvmstfs
vfrmas lûhbras . @bft _oblb y Trflsmt, bl
YF Ibvml PmlgX
63 db sbptmbh`rb db 6==:

Y…X _í f ea qub tb rbcmbrbs. _mbhprb hb nf haebstfda ef prbtblomasmdfd
rflomf db ef pabsèf, la saea ef db lubstras tmbhpas smla ef pabsèf db tadas
eas tmbhpas, ef qub eas orètmoas blsfezfl. Tada be hulda sb hubstrf
sftmscbona y bltusmfshfda oal ul cubga qub fpblfs frdb, y ea nfobl tfl
àlmta, tfl dbemofda. Y…X Ef prasf la eb vf huy f ef zfgf. La dmga qub sbf
ul grfl bsormtar smla qub oaha ebotar smblta qub hb nfl blgföfda,
bh`fuofda y tahfda be pbea oal eas truoas hæs ùrdas dbe acmoma, truoas
qub lm vfeb ef pblf fprbldbr.
An, sè, oalazoa `mbl ef a`rf db Bdwfrd Begfr. Oahpalèf pfrf ef Pbmlf
yBrmo
be pfès pbraNf
Oaftbs. lanf`mda
par bsatfltas
pbrdèf ef hfgmf.
grfldbs Db eas mlgebsbs
oahpasmtarbs tfh`míl
f ea efrga db efhb gustf
nmstarmf.
Hb pfsa narfs bsouonflda hûsmof oeæsmof, bs hm dragf. Hb ofehf bl
hahbltas db dbsfsasmbga. F dmcbrblomf db eas pabtfs y eas lavbemstfs, eas
oahpasmtarbs oeæsmoas sal huy nalbstas, tmblbl fgufltb y ebs sa`rf pfsmÿl
b mlspmrfomÿl. La hb oflsa db aèreas. Huonas db beeas sb dbsvmvmbral par ef
hûsmof, ea dmbral tada. Bsouona narfs y narfs db hûsmof oeæsmof bl ef rfdma
y dbspuís db tfltas föas f vbobs hb sarprbldb ulf a`rf lubvf y fsah`rasf
qub ofsm lulof sublf.
Ef laonb sb vubevb hægmof ouflda amga ulf db bsfs a`rfs. Oalazoa
tadas eas oeæsmoas y tadas eas frrbgeas hæs oalaomdas, pbra fulqub sbfl
ùblas, sm tb sf`bs db hbharmf tadfs y ofdf ulf db efs latfs qub vfl f
salfr, pubs ef oasf pmbrdb grfomf. Ef hûsmof guèf hms pfef`rfs, par sblomeefs
qub sbfl, parqub smbhprb bsouona hûsmof hmbltrfs bsormà y, par supubsta,
qub la cfetb ulf àtbeef db vmla.
YF Wmeemfh ZfoifrdX
0? db dmombh`rb db 6==:

Y…X Ouflda tada vf sa`rb rubdfs la bs parqub nfyfs bsoagmda ef

emtbrfturf smla parqub ef emtbrfturf tb nf bsoagmda. Tb dbsàrdf, tb sfeb par
eas aèdas, par ef lfrmz, sb tb hbtb par db`fka db efs uöfs. Bs tu ûlmof
bspbrflzf.
Rlf vbz bstf`f bl Ftefltf, hurmíldahb db nfh`rb y db crèa bl ulf
ofsuonf. Be subea bstf`f ou`mbrta db pbrmÿdmoas. Bloaltrí ef pultf db ul
eæpmz y bsorm`è bl eas àrdbs èfloas db eas pbrmÿdmoas oal fqubeef pultf db
eæpmz, sf`mblda qub lfdmb ebbrèf hms pfef`rfs. Brf ulf blcbrhbdfd. La ea
peflbf`f lm brf pfrtb db ul havmhmblta emtbrfrma. Brf y yf bstæ.
±Zar quí crfofsfhas1 Tmblb qub vbr oal eas tmbhpas qub oarrbl, oal
bstf ípaof. La nf nf`mda lfdf bl eas ûetmhas 2: föas. Lmlgûl fvflob
vbrdfdbra, lfdf lubva, lmlgûl rmbsga, lm ul saea dbstbeea obgfdar.
±Vuí1 ±Vumíl1 ±Eawbee1 ±Bsb sfetfhaltbs1 La hb vblgfs oal
talfdmeefs
Nfobhasdb hmbrdf.
ea qub padbhas y la ea nfobhas huy `mbl.
Oblsurfdas. Ftrfpfdas. Zurf pasb.
Las ea ourrfhas dbhfsmfda. Las bscarzfhas dbhfsmfda.
La tb bscubrobs. La tb ea ourrbs. Bstæ fnè. Las hmrf, flsmasa par sfemr dbe
ûtbra obrrfda.
Nf nf`mda dbhfsmfdf dmrboomÿl. Tada bs em`rb, la tbldrèfl qub gumfrlas
tflta.
±Oefsbs db emtbrfturf1 Efs oefsbs db emtbrfturf sal pfrf gbltb ùrrf.
Bsorm`mr
obrvbzf. ulfnè
F vbr, pabhf bs tfl cæome oaha hfonfoærsbef a `b`brsb ulf
vf ula;
«ceuka¹

hfdrb vma be hfpfonb,
hb dmka hm hukbr.
hukbr.

fn, dmkb.

y fsè bstf`fl
efs oasfs
bstf laonb.

6==6
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
66 db hfrza db 6==6, 6.40

Bs pra`fèb qub bsorm`f dbhfsmfda, fulqub pfrf hè bs larhfe. Bs ulf
fdmoomÿl.
Tb ea nf`rí oaltfda hmebs db vbobs, pbra lulof aevmdfrí ea qub hb pfsÿ
bl Ftefltf, ouflda hb harèf db nfh`rb y, oaha pasbèda, bsorm`èf oal ef
pultf db ul eæpmz bl eas àrdbs èfloas db eas pbrmÿdmoas qub eas ofsbras
nf`èfl pubsta bl be subea db tmbrrf f hada db fecah`rf. ±Eaoa db ftfr1 _è,
pbra brf eaourf db ef ùblf. La ea aevmdfrí kfhæs. Cub be hbkar oursa db
Emtbrfturf mhfgmlfèb. Zmblsa ftrfvbsfr oaha ul rfya be ombea db tada.
Zarqub sè.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
0? db hfrza db 6==6, 0?.?3

Tblga ef sblsfomÿl db qub say ul bsormtar bl ombrlbs. Be bltusmfsha y be
fsah`ra smgubl mltfotas… Bs ulf eaourf hfrfvmeeasf. Orba qub ef hfyarèf
db eas bsormtarbs, dbspuís db nf`br carhfda pfrtb dbe kubga durfltb huona
tmbhpa, sb vubevbl dbhfsmfda bshbrfdas y oumdfdasas. Tbhbl oahbtbr
brrarbs. _m tmrfs eas dfdas f vbobs sfofs das ulas. Hb gustf dfr rmbldf subetf
f ef mhfgmlfomÿl. Bl aofsmalbs sfebl pabhfs ùblas y suomltas, fulqub
subeb aourrmr ouflda bstæs bsorm`mblda atrf oasf. _í qub bsormà huonf
`fsurf, pbra sm hb dbka eebvfr y ea sfoa tada, dmscruta db ulf em`brtfd qub la
tmblb prboma.
Hb ea bstay pfsflda àh`f, tbtf, gblmfe, db cæùef. Eas dmasbs hb dbkfl
obeb`rfrea. Bs db ea hæs rfra. Zbra ea fobpta.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
6? db f`rme db 6==6, 60.0:
Oahprí caemas vbrdbs par brrar pbra hb pfrbob qub tfhpaoa qubdfl tfl
hfe.
Fofà db cmrhfr ul pfr db em`ras pfrf Cmdbe Ofstra. Zfsa db ef paeètmof,
yf ea sf`bs, pbra yf brf narf db qub ebybrf hms em`ras, ±bn1

F @uiawsim be blsfya db Zftrmoi Cay «Tnb _boald Wared Wfr fld Mts
Fctbrhftn¹, qub fof`ÿ oalvmrtmíldasb bl be em`ra Tnb Rlfutnarmzbd Wared
_mtuftmal Pbpart, eb ofusÿ ulf mhprbsmÿl hæs qub cfvarfèb.
YF Zftrmoi CayX
62 db f`rme db 6==6, 0:.?4

Grfomfs par be pabhf y ef cata, hb nfl gustfda. La say cflætmoa dbe
tblms, pbra say ul ùbl bstudmfltb db ef dbrratf. Nb fprbldmda ulfs oufltfs
eboomalbs bl bsb sbltmda.
Eebva dèfsbstupmdbz
ef rbdahfdf oal gflfsqub
db oahbltfrtb
nf pefgfda ea qubsmgea
bstb hb blvmfstb.
bs laèb Tu euonf oaltrf
y saemtfrmf. Hb
hfrfvmeef tu pbrsmstblomf f pbsfr db efs dmcmouetfdbs. Orba qub tu pulta db
vmstf bs fobrtfda. Ea qub pfsf bs qub ef prapfgfldf dbe pfsfda nf

oalsbgumda qub ofsm tada be hulda fobptb sml dfrsb oubltf tadf bsf sfrtf db
hbltmrfs dfömlfs. Bs mhpasmèb rbtraobdbr bl be tmbhpa y oarrbgmr tadas bsas
brrarbs parqub bltalobs lubstras tfl ofofrbfdas eèdbrbs, eas nírabs db ef
nmstarmf, qubdfrèfl oaha mhpastarbs y cfrsfltbs. Zmblsf bl eas hmeealbs db
vmdfs pbrdmdfs par efs supubstfs grfldbs ofusfs. Tadfs bsfs vmdfs sb nf`rèfl
sformcmofda bl vfla par ulf sbrmb db hatmvas bqumvaofdas. Bs dbhfsmfda
tfrdb pfrf frrbgefr eas bstrfgas ofusfdas par bstb kubga halstruasa9
nah`rbs y hukbrbs, ofsm tada be hulda, bleaqubobrèfl db mrf. Ea pbar db
tada bs qub be kubga oaltmlûf y sb nf vubeta hæs mlnuhfla sm of`b9 sb `fsf
bl ef fvfrmomf y be hmbda, bl ulf bstrftbgmf tfl `mbl pblsfdf qub ouflta hæs
tb hmbltbl, hæs tb ea orbbs.
Zfrf qumblbs bstfhas fe tflta db bsta la las qubdf atrf qub pratbgbrlas
db bstf
sbrbs foahbtmdf qub nf fof`fda oal ef sblsm`memdfd db ef hfyarèf db eas
nuhflas.
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
60 db kuema db 6==6, 06.?=

Ebè par fnè qub Nblry Hmeebr dbkÿ db bsorm`mr ouflda sb nmza cfhasa, ea
oufe sbgurfhbltb smglmcmof qub bsorm`èf pfrf nfobrsb cfhasa. La ea
bltmblda; la nfy lfdf hæs hægmoa y nbrhasa qub vbr efs pfef`rfs oa`rflda
vmdf bl ef pægmlf bl èfloa. Bs tada ouflta nfy. _mbhprb nf smda fsè. La
nfy hfyar rboahpblsf qub bsorm`mr. Ea qub vmblb dbspuís bs sbouldfrma.
La bltmblda qub eas bsormtarbs dbkbl db orbfr. Bs oaha frrflofrsb be
oarfzÿl y tmrfrea fe vætbr kulta oal ef hmbrdf. Bsorm`mrí nfstf hm ûetmha
femblta, hb df mgufe qub gustb a la. Be cmlfe sbræ oaha be oahmblza. Bsb bs
hm dbstmla. Bs fega tfl sblomeea y praculda oaha bsa. ] fnarf dbkfrí db
bsorm`mrtb sa`rb tada bsta pfrf bsorm`mr sa`rb atrfs oasfs.

6==0
YF Kanl HfrtmlX
6= db blbra db 6==0, 60.63

Tb fdkulta ulf bltrfdf db dmfrma `rbvb.
Grfomfs par be dbsgeasb db efs vbltfs. Hb pfrbob mlorbèèb qub bsas 6>
em`ras hèas smgfl vbldmíldasb. Hb rbsuetf bxtrföa, y bstay argueeasa db
tadas bsas em`ras, qub smgfl vmvmtas y oaebflda. ] oal be pfsa db eas föas
eas tètueas db eas prmhbras em`ras sb vubevbl tadfvèf hæs bspbomfebs, oaha sm
tuvmbrfl vmdf prapmf. Atra db bsas hmefgras dmsorbtas.
Ea hbkar db tada bs qub sbgumhas fdbefltb. _m fegûl dèf ea dbkfs, la sí
quí nfrí. Nbhas trf`fkfda kultas bl oahpebtf frhalèf, oalcmflda be ula bl
be atra. La rboubrda lm ulf saef dmsousmÿl.
Grfomfs, oaebgf, nf smda ul vmfkb `mbl nbrhasa.
YF Wmeemfh ZfoifrdX
?: db hfrza db 6==0, 0:.04

Y…X Grfomfs par eas pabhfs fdkultas. Hb gustf tu pabhf «Tnb
_bduobr¹. _f`bs oÿha nfy qub nfobrea. A oÿha la nfy qub nfobrea.
Grfomfs tfh`míl par be pefl db bstudmas. Bs ul nalar bstfr kulta oal Zauld,
Earof, Wmeemfhs y Fudbl. Pumsböar

Pumsböar,, dbsífhb subrtb . ] nfèflda db Zauld,
nfob huonfs díofdfs vmvèf oal ulf hukbr y tadfvèf la sí oÿha sfemhas
fdbefltb sml dmlbra, sa`rb tada parqub la pfræ`fhas db `b`br, fulqub bl
fqube bltalobs lm hb pfrf`f f pblsfrea. Zubs lfdf, efs paofs vbobs qub la
`b`èf m`f f ef `mèmatbof. Rlf vbz f`rè ef pubrtf y hb qubdí feeè oal ul em`ra
blarhb bl ef hfla y beef hb hmrÿ dbsdb ef ofhf.
-±Nfs sfofda atrf vbz eas Ofltas db eas oakalbs1 -dmka.
-_è -dmkb-, la padbhas pfsfrlas be dèf saea caeeflda.

Kfoi Grfpbs, bdmtar db ef rbvmstf emtbrfrmf Altnbùs, puèmoÿ ul grfl
lûhbra db pabhfs y bltrfdfs db dmfrma bl ul fpfrtfda tmtuefda «Rl æeùh
db Onfrebs @uiawsim¹. Grfpbs rbsböÿ tfh`míl ef pabsèf db @uiawsim .
YF Kfoi GrfpbsX
00 db aotu`rb db 6==0, 60.6:

Grfomfs par ef ofrtf y par be frtèouea sa`rb Ftrfpf hm oarfzÿl… Grfomfs
tfh`míl par be æeùh. ?0 pægmlfs, la bstæ lfdf hfe.
Bsorm`è Ftrfpf hm oarfzÿl… bl ulf ípaof huy ourmasf, y lm smqumbrf
brf kavbl bltalobs. ] fnarf, oal 70 föas, hb smblta oaha sm trftfrf db
supbrfr efs cæ`rmofs a eas trf`fkas db hfef hubrtb. Ef orbfomÿl smgub vmvf bl
hè, efs pfef`rfs smgubl nbldmíldasb bl be caema, y efs lbobsmta hæs qub
lulof. Y…X Bsorm`mr nf bvmtfda qub fof`fsb bl ul hflmoahma,
sumomdældahb a hftflda f fegumbl. Bs hm dragf y ef lbobsmta. Fnarf.
Hföflf. Nfstf be ûetmha femblta.
Fnarf efs rbsfofs sal pbarbs, pbra oalsmga ebvfltfrhb, su`mr fe oaonb y
oalduomr nfstf be nmpÿdraha. Fpubsta f hm hflbrf, pfsa db eas dbhæs.
«Bsb tmpa lulof nfèf oal lfdmb¹, dmobl.
Zar ef laonb bsormà bl be ardblfdar sm bstay mlspmrfda. _m la ea bstay,
la
hb eafobroa
cubrza.fe _mardblfdar
efs pfef`rfs la tblasfebl
parqub f àràtalbs,
smblta aevèdfea.
lfdf. A bstay F vbobs
hubrta lm
a bstay
dbsoflsflda, be tmbhpa dmræ. Ea qub sè sí bs qub bstay hubrta nfstf qub la
bsormà ef smgumbltb pfef`rf. Bs fega lbobsfrma, fulqub la oaha pfrf

palbrsb trfsobldbltb. _è, sè. Hmbltrfs tflta, trfta db oahpartfrhb oaha ul
sbr nuhfla larhfe; nfèa oal hm hukbr, fofrmoma f eas gftas, vba ef tbeb sm
tblga gflfs, eba be pbrmÿdmoa db prmlompma f cml a hb vay f darhmr tbhprfla.
Eas 70 sal tadf ulf fvblturf. Ouflda ouhpef =0 ea rboardfrí y hb rbmrí.
La, yf nb vmvmda `fstfltb. _mbhprb bs ef hmshf pbeèouef, sfeva qub las
vaevbhas hæs cbas. Lulof pblsí qub vmvmrèf tflta, fsè qub ouflda ef
hubrtb vblgf f par hè bstfrí emsta.

6==?
Durfltb hæs db ouftra díofdfs @uiawsim mltbltÿ sml subrtb sfemr bl efs
pægmlfs db ef rbvmstf Zabtry9 cmlfehbltb, paoa fltbs db harmr, eb puèmofral
trbs pabhfs.
YF Kasbpn ZfrmsmX
6 db cb`rbra db 6==?, 6:.?6

Pboubrda qub db kavbl ebèf Zabtry; F Hfgfzmlb ac Sbrsb
Sbrsb bl ef `mèmatbof
pûèmof db Eas Ælgbebs. Fnarf, par cml, yf say ula db eas vubstras.
_upalga qub fe cml y fe ofà dbpbldèf db lasatras das. Hb febgra db qub
nfyfs fobptfda ul pfr db pabhfs. Y…X
Grfomfs, be föa lubva hb bstæ trftflda `mbl db hahblta. Efs pfef`rfs
smgubl carhældasb, frrbhaemlældasb y gmrflda oaha ul tar`beemla. Ouflta
hæs hfyar hb nfga, hæs hægmof bs bstf eaourf qub hb pasbb. Bs huy
bxtrföa, pbra ea fobpta.

BZÈEAGA
Hmbltrfs rbpfsf`f hæs db das hme pægmlfs db oarrbspaldblomf mlídmtf bl
ùsof db efs ofrtfs hæs rbvbefdarfs db @uiawsim sa`rb be frtb db bsorm`mr,
hb tapí oal vfrmfs kayfs lulof fltbs vmstfs; ofrtfs f Nblry Hmeebr, Wnmt
@urlbtt, Ofrbssb Oras`y, Efwrblob Cbremlgnbttm y Kanl Cfltb, su dmas
emtbrfrma9 ulf omtf prahaomalfe aevmdfdf y bxprbsmvf qub @uiawsim bsorm`mÿ
pfrf ula db sus em`ras hæs papuefrbs, Brboomalbs, byfouefomalbs,
bxnm`momalbs9 ulf mltraduoomÿl qub @uiawsim rbdfotÿ bxprbsfhbltb pfrf su
prmhbrf trfduoomÿl fe lbbrefldís, Dralibl Hmrfibes & Fldbrb Accbrs,
mlídmtf nfstf ef cbonf9 y ulf pfradmf mloaloeusf db efs rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs
tmtuefdf Ef Pbvmstf Zfpbe db Sætbr. Tfh`míl nf`èf fegulfs ofrtfs db ef
prmhbrf ípaof bl efs qub be tala db @uiawsim bs sarprbldbltbhbltb
rbofrgfda y befàrfda, fsè oaha vfrmfs meustrfomalbs mhprbsmalfltbs qub sb
puèmofl fquè par vbz prmhbrf. _m f bstas nfeefzgas bxtrfardmlfrmas
föfdmhas fegulfs db efs ofrtfs hæs fpfsmalfdfs db @uiawsim, padrèf
dbomrsb qub bstb em`ra db oarrbspaldblomf bs tfl cfsomlfltb oaha oufequmbrf
db sus a`rfs. @uiawsim bl bstfda pura; oruda, fguda y bhatmva f pfrtbs
mgufebs, dflda ea hbkar db sè sml dbkfr tètbrb oal of`bzf.
Efs ofrtfs rbzuhfl mlhbdmftbz9 @uiawsim la pmbrdb be tmbhpa oal
oalvbrsfomalbs mlsustflomfebs, sb hbtb db eebla bl ofdf ofrtf, ea df tada y
nfèf dbe dèf f dèf oal bltusmfsha. Bs oaha sm efs ofrtfs cubrfl pabhfs9 db
nbona, @uiawsim la sb oflsf db rbpbtmr qub efs ofrtfs sal tfl mhpartfltbs
oaha eas pabhfs. Dbe hmsha hada, fegulfs db efs ofrtfs sal futíltmoas
rbeftas db prmlompma f cml. Zfrf @uiawsim ef pabsèf, ef prasf y ef
foarrbspaldblomf
dbsoalaomdas bssal ea hmsha;
mloeusa frtb. Ef mltblsmdfd
sarprbldbltb. Efs ofrtfs db efs ofrtfs
f Bdwfrd vflqub bsorm`b
Fbestyl y
Kfoi Oalray bstæl mhprbglfdfs db ef hmshf nalbstmdfd qub efs qub blvmf`f
f fhmgas, bdmtarbs y pabtfs oal qumblbs sb nf`èf ofrtbfda bl luhbrasfs

aofsmalbs. Zfrf @uiawsim la nf`èf dmcbrblomf fegulf.
Ef oarrbspaldblomf tfh`míl sb ofrfotbrmzf par su bspaltflbmdfd. Bl ef
hfyarèf db efs ofrtfs prbvfebob be frraka y ef lfturfemdfd. Ef vaz db
@uiawsim sb hflmcmbstf oal oefrmdfd y bl prmhbrf pbrsalf, sml tfpukas. Efs
ofrtfs sal mlstfltælbfs trflspfrbltbs dbe bstfda db ælmha db @uiawsim,
dbspravmstfs db oufequmbr cmlgmhmblta. @uiawsim oalob`èf ef orbfomÿl
emtbrfrmf oaha ul praobsa sml rbstrmoomalbs, y bsf vmsmÿl qubdf hflmcmbstf
tfh`míl bl ef oarrbspaldblomf, yf sbf ouflda rbdfotf ulf fpfsmalfdf
dmftrm`f sa`rb be bstfda db efs ebtrfs lartbfhbrmoflfs a ouflda ftfof db
hflbrf dbspmfdfdf f sus oabtælbas. @uiawsim smbhprb bs @uiawsim.
Nfy vfrmfs bxobpomalbs qub eefhfl ef ftblomÿl. Bl efs ofrtfs f Wnmt
@urlbtt, Ofrbssb Oras`y, Nblry Hmeebr y Kanl Cfltb, be tala db @uiawsim
bs carzfda b mloeusa
mhpartulfrebs. frtmcmomasa,
Fsmhmsha, oaha
be bstmea dbsmefs
bstuvmbrf fvbrgalzfda
ofrtfs db y laomloubltf
cmlfebs db eas qumsmbrf
bs hæs rbofrgfda y befàrfda, eebgflda mloeusa f bhpebfr ea qub dblahmlf
«pfef`rfs dbe dmoomalfrma¹ oal cmlbs nuharèstmoas. Bstb hmsha ofh`ma sb
fprbomf bl ef pabsèf; eas pabhfs db ef prmhbrf ípaof sal mltrmofdas hmbltrfs
qub eas db ef btfpf cmlfe sal db «ulf oefrmdfd hæs purf¹. Be tala db ef
oarrbspaldblomf sb trflscarhf db hada smhmefr f oahmblzas db eas sbsbltf,
sa`rb tada ouflda oahmblzf f ofrtbfrsb oal Kal Wb`` y Wmeemfh
Oarrmlgtal; efs vmrgubrèfs bstmeèstmofs dfl pfsa f ulf prasf dmrbotf. Bs bl bsb
hahblta ouflda @uiawsim oahmblzf f salfr oaha be «@uiawsim¹ hæs
oalaomda.
Zfrf @uiawsim, tflta fe prmlompma oaha fe cmlfe db su ofrrbrf, bsorm`mr
brf ulf blcbrhbdfd pefobltbrf b mlourfèb, y bstfs ofrtfs dbkfl `mbl oefra ea
huona qub vfearf`f ef dmonf db bsorm`mr. Brf ulf cubrzf lfturfe qub la
padèf lm qubrèf dbtblbr. @uiawsim rfrf vbz tblèf èaqubas hbltfebs y
bsorm`mÿ ofsm f dmfrma durfltb omloa díofdfs. Bl ulf bltrbvmstf oalobdmdf bl
6=>7 bxprbsÿ db hflbrf græcmof be mhpuesa orbftmva; «_m hb pfsa ulf
sbhflf sml bsorm`mr, blcbrha. La pubda ofhmlfr, hb hfrba. Hb tuhà bl
ef ofhf y vahmta. Hb ebvflta par ef hföflf oal frofdfs. Lbobsmta bsorm`mr.
_m hb oartfrfs efs hflas, bsorm`mrèf oal eas pmbs.¹ _u lfturfebzf
dmsompemlfdf y praeècmof palèfl db hflmcmbsta quí eb nfoèf cbemz; «La nfy
hfyar rboahpblsf qub bsorm`mr. Ea qub vmblb dbspuís bs sbouldfrma¹,
fcmrhÿ f oahmblzas db eas lavbltf. _m fdbhæs tblbhas bl oubltf qub

@uiawsim smbhprb dbcbldmÿ be ofræotbr eûdmoa db ef pabsèf, be rbsuetfda la
padrèf sbr hæs oeæsmoa; ef orbfomÿl emtbrfrmf bs dueob bt utmeb, tfe y oaha
Narfoma sugmrmbrf smgeas fltbs.
@uiawsim, ftrmlonbrfda bl sus pbquböas fpfrtfhbltas y bstudmas db
Eas Ælgbebs, vmvèf oahpebtfhbltb fmsefda dbe hulda qub eb radbf`f.
Hastrf`f tfl paoa mltbrís bl ea qub suobdèf qub eebgfral f fousfreb db
nf`brsb pbrdmda eas sbsbltf; «Kadbr, oefra, bstf`f ourrflda bl Oarrbas¹, dmka
f hada db rbspubstf. Fe mgufe qub Pa`mlsal Kbccbrs bl @mg _ur, @uiawsim
orbf`f bl saebdfd9 dbe hmsha hada qub be pratfgalmstf db Hbharmfs dbe
su`subea, db Dastambvsim, frrakf`f hmsmebs mlobldmfrmas dbsdb su hfdrmgubrf
flÿlmhf qub dbkf`fl àqumf`mbrtas f ebotarbs y orètmoas par mgufe. Bs ul
mltblta ofsm dbsbspbrfda par dbsbltbldbrsb dbe ardbl bstfèbomda, @uiawsim
eflzf`f bsas
ípaof pfrf praybotmebs
sfoudmr ftbhparfebs
sus bltrföfs. oaltrf be pflarfhf
Bs prbomsfhbltb emtbrfrma efdbqub
bsf ftbhparfemdfd ef
oalvmbrtb su a`rf bl pbrdurfèb y, bl aofsmalbs, hbharfèb.
@uiawsim lfomÿ bl Febhflmf y orbomÿ bl Eas Ælgbebs bl ulf cfhmemf bl
ef qub be fhar y be fcbota `rmeef`fl par su fusblomf, ea oufe haedbfrèf su
vmsmÿl dbsofrlfdf, mldmvmdufemstf, ofsm lmbtzsonbflf, dbe hulda. Fe sbr
hfyar qub ofsm tadas eas bsormtarbs db eas lubvas havmhmbltas emtbrfrmas
mldbpbldmbltbs, y nf`mblda orbomda durfltb ef Dbprbsmÿl, efs hadfs
pfsfkbrfs oaha ef oaltrfoueturf y ef cmeasacèf vfouf dbe fhar em`rb la eb
ftrfèfl bl f`saeuta9 db nbona, rblbgf`f db beefs. Ea qub hæs dbtbstf`f brf
ef saomf`memdfd y be bgaobltrmsha db grupas papuefrbs oaha eas `bfts,
qumblbs orbèfl qub bstfr bl ofldbebra brf hæs mhpartfltb qub ef prapmf
orbfomÿl emtbrfrmf. @uiawsim sb hfltuva febkfda db eas caoas y sb bltrbgÿ
bl oubrpa y fehf f ef bsormturf. Ef hæqumlf db bsorm`mr eb trflspartf`f f bsb
eugfr hægmoa bltrb ef eaourf y ef oardurf qub tflta eb gustf`f.
@uiawsim, ul eaà saemtfrma par lfturfebzf, saeèf rboardfr ef omtf db
_frtrb «be mlcmbrla sal eas atras¹, pbra lulof rblbgÿ db sus huonfs
mlceublomfs emtbrfrmfs. Be feoanae y ef hûsmof oeæsmof tfh`míl bkbrombral ulf
oefrf mlceublomf bl su a`rf, qumzæ tflta oaha eas frtmstfs f qumblbs fdhmrf`f
y fgrfdboèf su frraka y vfebltèf. Fsmhmsha, sb hastrÿ fgrfdbomda oal
fegulas bdmtarbs mldbpbldmbltbs, sa`rb tada oal Kal Wb``, Hfrvml Hfealb
y Kanl Hfrtml y su «vmfkb hægmoa¹ kultas. Zar atra efda, la tblèf rbpfras bl
ormtmofr f eas hbkarbs bsormtarbs db tadas eas tmbhpas, dbsdb _nfibspbfrb

nfstf Cfueilbr. Eas futarbs oabtælbas la sb sfevf`fl; Ofrae @brgí, Pal
_meemhfl, Nblry Hmeebr (y sus «pfreatbas f ea _tfr Trbi¹) y Pa`brt Orbbeby
cubral a`kbta db sus ftfqubs mloebhbltbs (bl be ofsa db Orbbeby, ofh`mÿ db
pfrbobr f prmlompmas db eas sbtbltf y fdhmtmÿ qub sus orètmofs brfl
mlculdfdfs). Tfe y oaha @uiawsim la sb oflsf`f db rbpbtmr, la bhpbzÿ f
bsorm`mr parqub cubrf ùbla smla parqub eas atras brfl písmhas.

Fulqub @uiawsim la brf brudmta lm par fsaha, cub f ef ulmvbrsmdfd
durfltb ul föa ypûèmof

bl ef `mèmatbof hbdma db
y sbEas
blargueeboèf
Ælgbebs. _mdb`mbl
nf`br ebèda mlcmlmdfd
bsorm`èf db em`ras
hfe be lah`rb db
huonas bsormtarbs cfhasas, bstb sætmra àrrfonèl y tasoa omtf`f ofsm db
hbharmf vbrsas hbdmbvfebs aevmdfdas, fcarmshas db Lmbtzsonb y
crfghbltas db _nfibspbfrb, Wnmthfl y atras gmgfltbs emtbrfrmas. Tfe brf ef
mloueturf dbe vmbka vbrdb db efs ebtrfs lartbfhbrmoflfs.
La saea bsa, smla qub @uiawsim bl aofsmalbs tfh`míl brf qumsqumeeasa
oal fegulfs oubstmalbs grfhftmofebs. Be dmebhf bltrb «bstbhas kustas¹ y
«sbfhas kustas¹ db ef ofrtf dbe 0 db f`rme db 6=2= f Fltnaly Emlmoi smrvb
pfrf qub @uiawsim sb ùreb db efs larhfs grfhftmofebs. Fdbhæs, ouflda
eas bdmtarbs db efs rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs puèmof`fl sus pabhfs oal fegûl qub
atra brrar tmpagræcmoa, @uiawsim haltf`f bl oÿebrf y pracbrèf ulf oftfrftf
db mhprapbrmas. Tblmblda bl oubltf qub brf ul futar tfl praeècmoa qub
fpblfs tblèf tmbhpa pfrf rbvmsfr, padèf sbr huy pultmeeasa, y oal rfzÿl, oal
bsas brrarbs tmpagræcmoas (huy oahulbs bl efs rbvmstfs hmhbagrfcmfdfs db
ef ípaof).
Efs oubstmalbs la emtbrfrmfs, oaha blvmfr ombltas db hflusormtas f
rbvmstfs emtbrfrmfs db tada be hulda, brfl ulf pírdmdf db tmbhpa pfrf
@uiawsim, y fsè sb ea dboèf f Kanl Hfrtml, su bdmtar db tadf ef vmdf.
Tfh`míl orbèf qub nfobr daoblfs db dmùkas pfrf efs bdmomalbs bspbomfebs
qub Hfrtml puèmof`f bl @efoi _pfrraw Zrbss eb dbsgfstf`fl hæs db ef
oubltf. Bl aofsmalbs @uiawsim bstfeef`f9 orbèf qub Hfrtml eb trftf`f oaha
f «ul mdmatf¹ y rbpemof`f f efs bxmgblomfs db su bdmtar oal oahbltfrmas
ùrealbs dbe tmpa «sè, pfdrb¹. Pbsuetf mltbrbsfltb qub ouflda tflta Fllb
Wfedhfl oaha Feebl Gmls`brg eb mlvmtfral f dfr oefsbs bl be Lfrapf
Mlstmtutb f cmlfebs db eas sbtbltf, @uiawsim dboemlfsb ef acbrtf. Zfrf íe ea
ûlmoa qub mhpartf`f
nfobr dmùkas brf la
a dfr oefsbs bsorm`mr ef smgumbltb
brfl hæs pfef`rf, y blvmfr hftbrmfe,
qub dmstrfoomalbs.

Fe oahmblza db bstb em`ra ul @uiawsim kavbl y dbsoalaomda eb pmdb
trf`fka f ef oabdmtarf db ef rbvmstf _tary, y fe cmlfe db tada, fpblfs ul föa
fltbs db cfeebobr, ouflda brf be hæs papuefr db eas bsormtarbs
mldbpbldmbltbs, eb df efs grfomfs db oarfzÿl fe bdmtar Kasbpn Zfrmsm par
puèmofr sus pabhfs bl ef rbvmstf Zabtry trfs vfrmfs díofdfs db oalstfltb
rbonfza. Bstfs ofrtfs meustrfl ef pbrsbvbrflomf db @uiawsim y dbkfl `mbl
oefra qub lmlgûl a`stæouea eb mhpbdmrèf hftbrmfemzfr sus flsmfs db cfhf y
rboalaomhmblta, y qub ef blcbrhbdfd db bsorm`mr la tblèf lm tbldrèf ourf. ]f
db kavbl oahblzÿ f ouetmvfr db hflbrf smstbhætmof be bstmea emtbrfrma qub
fof`frèf dflda pmb f ef mhfgbl pûèmof qub sb fsbgurÿ db pbrpbtufr bl su
a`rf. Bstfs ofrtfs pbrhmtbl sbgumr db obrof ef euonf mloflsfèb db @uiawsim
par oalvbrtmrsb bl ul moala emtbrfrma.
] fnarf efs tmblbs bl tus hflas bl tada su bspebldar.

F@BE DB@PMTTA

FGPFDBOMHMBLTA_
Be bdmtar qumsmbrf dfr efs grfomfs f eas prapmbtfrmas db efs ofrtfs
rbpraduomdfs bl bstb em`ra, bl bspbomfe f efs smgumbltbs mlstmtuomalbs;
Rlmvbrsmty ac Frmzalf, _pbomfe Oaeebotmals
@rawl Rlmvbrsmty,
Rlmvbrsmty, Zravmdblob, Kanl Nfy Em`rfry
Tnb Rlmvbrsmty ac Ofemcarlmf, @floract Em`rfry
Tnb Rlmvbrsmty ac Ofemcarlmf, Eas Ælgbebs, _pbomfe Oaeebotmals
Tnb Rlmvbrsmty ac Ofemcarlmf, _fltf @ær`frf, _pbomfe Oaeebotmals
Ofemcarlmf _tftb Rlmvbrsmty, Cueebrtal, Zaeefi Em`rfry
Obltblfry Oaeebgb, _nrbvbpart, Eaumsmflf, _fhube Zbtbrs Pbsbfron
Em`rfry
Oaeuh`mf Rlmvbrsmty,
Rlmvbrsmty, Pfrb @aai fld Hflusormpt Em`rfry
Tnb Nultmlgtal Em`rfry, _fl Hfrmla, Ofemcarlmf
Mldmflf Rlmvbrsmty, Emeey Em`rfry
Tnb _tftb Rlmvbrsmty ac Lbw ]ari ft @uccfea, Zabtry/ Pfrb @aai
Oaeebotmal
Zrmlobtal Rlmvbrsmty,
Rlmvbrsmty, Lubvf Kbrsby,
Kbrsby, Pfrb @aais fld _pbomfe Oaeebotmals
Tnb Rlmvbrsmty ac _autnbrl Ofemcarlmf, Pfrb @aais Oaeebotmal
_autnbrl Meemlams Rlmvbrsmty, Ofràldfeb, Harrms Em`rfry

Grfomfs tfh`míl f efs smgumbltbs rbvmstfs, daldb fegulfs db efs ofrtfs sb
puèmofral bl prmhbr eugfr; Oaearfda Lartn Pbvmbw, Bvblt,
,Lbw ]ari
Mltbrhmssmal Lbw ]ari Vufrtbrey y _haib _mglfes.

Huonfs grfomfs f Hmonfbe Fldrb, Gbrfrd @befrt, Fltnaly Emlmoi,
Onrmstf Hfealb y F. D. Wmlfls par cfomemtfr oapmfs db fegulfs db efs ofrtfs.
Grfomfs db oarfzÿl f Alf, Gfrf y Larf. Zar ûetmha, grfomfs f Emldf
@uiawsim par nfobr db bstb em`ra ulf rbfemdfd.

Untitled

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Untitled

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Tètuea db ef bdmomÿl armgmlfe;

LATF DBE BDMTAP

Eas ofh`mas bdmtarmfebs rbfemzfdas nfl smda eas bstrmotfhbltb lbobsfrmas

nfl ahmtmda eas blof`bzfhmbltas y efs dbspbdmdfs, yf qub ef grfl hfyarèf

Vubrmdf sböarf Oras`y;

Trf`fkf`f bl ulf cæ`rmof db hfroas db oufdras

parqub pu`emofs ea qub tb fpbtbob y la ea qub sb oalsmdbrf oarrbota. _mgub

bsorm`mr bl _fl Crflomsoa pfrf bh`arrfonfrhb, la pudb dbkfr db bsorm`mr lm

nmpÿdraha y nfobrhb pfsfr par ul cbrvmbltb dbvata db efs ofrrbrfs). Eebva

YF Ofrae Bey NfrpbrX

vfrmas oubltas y pabhfs bl be prÿxmha lûhbra db Nfrebquml, ulf rbvmstf

prbstmgmasf rbvmstf mltbrlfomalfe, y eubga dmgfhas qub ea tmrí tada par ef

pmghbltas qub rbfezfl be fehf. Zbra pfrf hè bs huy dmstmlta pfsfr db ef

YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

cbrvmbltbs, eas rfsgubfdarbs db raldÿs y aecftbfdarbs db emrmas, bstb `rm`ÿl

YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

YF Kfhbs @aybr HfyX

Zubs lfdf, eb hbtè hfla f ef pabsèf y hb ea pfsí `mbl. La hb sfemÿ hfe

crfghblta db fega qub sfeb `mbl. La orba bl tíolmofs, bsoubefs lm

_fof`f ul traomta db pfpbe y efs föfdèf fe tatfe.

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

kadbr, bs ef narf db ef prudblomf; las nfl blsböfda f ofhucefrlas, f vahmtfr

latmomfs, eas ftfsoas bl ef futapmstf, @bbtnavbl y eas pfrtmdas db cût`ae. Rla

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

Fe of`a db ul pfr db sbhflfs las dmka bl oefsb; «Hm bhprbsf y eas

nfobr fega ffsè.

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

_b hb nf aourrmda ulf mdbf, Wmeemb. Zu`emqubhas ul lûhbra y

las mhpartf ulf hmbrdf

_upalga qub tblbhas qub sbgumr fdbefltb,

dbltra dbe suböagblmas,

be sae trfb tuempflbs, ef eeuvmf trfb

smbhprb nf`ræ oasfs

(y las smgub mhpartflda ulf hmbrdf sm vbs ef tbeb a la. Lbobsmtfhas

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

rbpraonf.¹ ] eubga föfdb; «F bsa db`brèfs rbcbrmrtb ouflda nf`ef`fs db ef

dèfs bl @rafdwfy. Lfdmb bspbrfrèf vbr f _nfibspbfrb. ±F quí vmblbl efs

bxprbsfl oasfs db ul hada qub la sb pubdb nfobr bl eas pabhfs, y

sí oÿha sb sbltèf Sfl

±sml qub ebs qubhb be cubga1

]f hb dmræs sm bs pasm`eb mr sa`rb sbgura y bltalfr f ef vbz be nbrhasa

YF eas bdmtarbs db OafstemlbsX

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

oasfs qub hb nf pfsfda fpfrtb db Kflb y db ul of`feea oal be qub gflí

be lûhbra db ataöa db 6=3? ef prmhbrf trfduoomÿl fe mlgeís db «Zaur bl

YF Bdwfrd vfl FbestylX

a sbHb febgrf qub

sf`bl bs qub bsa yf ea nb nbona. Ea qub la sf`bl bs qub sm la smblta be

YF Kanl Wmeemfh OarrmlgtalX

`m`ematbof bl oahpföèf db _onapbYlnfubrX y FrmYstÿtbebsX y Zeftÿl y eas

sal vbrsas tasoas. hb gustfl.

parqub dbltra db lfdf be of`rÿl

Hfrvml Hfealb, bdmtar db Warhwaad Pbvmbw, pu`emoÿ ef pabsèf db

dbprmhbltb bl ul smgea bl be qub ea hbkar db ef omvmemzfomÿl nf mlvbltfda

be usa db sèh`aeas paítmoas pfrf salfr paítmoa hb nfobl dföa fe aèda, f

f vbr, dbkíhalas db fldfr kadmblda yf y

Fe pfrbobr, nfy pbrsalfs qub orbbl qub ef pabsèf db`brèf bsorm`mrsb db

ZAVRMTA DB ZEÆTFLA¹. ya, be tmpa dura. tadas las f`efldfhas. bstæl

la nfob tflta ofear oaha fybr. mhfgèlftb sm vmvmbrfs bl Æcrmof…¹ y oasfs

hèf!)9 ra`í y hb ra`fral9 hb dbsflgrí bl eas naspmtfebs9 hb frrbkultí oal